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We report the disease characteristics, diagnosis, and treatment of granulomatous orchitis. A 38-year-old man presented with a history of intermittent swelling, pain, and discomfort in the right testicle of 3 days’ duration. Unenhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the testis and scrotum revealed an oval mass in the right testis measuring approximately 17 mm in diameter, with clear borders and a target ring-like appearance from periphery to center. T1-weighted imaging (T1WI) showed uniform low-intensity signals, and T2WI showed mixed high- and low-intensity signals. Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) signals were iso-intense, and the outer ring on enhanced scans showed progressive enhancement. We performed radical resection of the right testis under combined spinal–epidural anesthesia. The pathological diagnosis was granulomatous right orchitis. Two months postoperatively, ultrasonography showed no testis and epididymal echo signals in the right scrotum, and no obvious abnormalities; color Doppler blood flow imaging (CDFI) findings were normal. Granulomatous orchitis is rare in clinical practice, and the cause is unknown. The disease involves non-specific inflammation; however, it is currently believed that antibiotics and steroids are ineffective for conservative treatment, and orchiectomy should be actively performed.

Potassium is one of the most important limiting factors for ginger production. The main practices to obtain high rhizome yield with optimal nutrient use efficiency include fertilizer application based on soil testing, topdressing K fertilizer at growth stages with peak demand, and applying enough K to balance the appropriate N and P application rates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to improve the fault diagnosis accuracy of DC charging pile power devices, a fault diagnosis method based on wavelet packet analysis (WPA) and Elman neural network is proposed in this paper. This method sampled the output voltage signal of DC bus in fault state, decomposed the three-layer db10 wavelet packet and reconstructed the single branch, then calculated the characteristic energy spectrum of the fault signal using the signal in the frequency band, and identified it by Elman neural network. In order to test the diagnostic ability of the model, the PWM rectifier model of DC charging pile is used as an example to simulate and compare with the diagnostic results of standard BP neural network. The simulation results show that the fault diagnosis method based on WPA and Elman neural network has faster diagnosis speed, higher accuracy and stronger generalization ability.

The article discusses the application of potassium fertilizers to increase yield and improve quality of ginger in China.