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The construction of low-impact development (LID) facilities has become an effective means to control urban waterlogging, but there is still a lack of scientific methods to achieve its accurate and reasonable planning and design. In this work, a high-precision hydrodynamic model was used to evaluate the construction effect of each LID facility scheme, and the fitted functional relationship was used to describe the law between the LID facility construction area and the construction effect. Finally, a genetic algorithm was used to automatically optimize the best LID facility construction scheme. Applying this method to the actual urban LID facility planning and construction, the optimal solution law is that the construction effect of single and combined LID facilities increases with the increase of construction cost. In the same low-cost construction scheme, the construction effect of combined LID facilities will be lower than that of single LID facilities, but with the continuous increase of construction cost, the construction effect of combined LID facilities will eventually be better than that of single LID facilities. According to this method, the decision-maker can get the optimal LID facility construction scheme to meet the actual engineering needs [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The adoption of international public relations programs by United States is examined by focusing on its history.

The expressed sequences of 12,419 orthologous genes between human and mouse are compared to identify newly evolved exons in the mouse and rat, using 743,856 pig ESTs as the outgroup. The results imply that appearance of new exons might have been subject to selection for adaptation to variable environment.

An oligomer microarray is used to analyze the transcriptional activity of the gene models in representative rice organ types. When compared with similar genome-wide surveys of the Arabidopsis transcriptome, the results show that similar proportions of the two genomes are expressed in their corresponding organ types.

The effects of the chemopreventive agents 4-(N-hydroxyphenyl)-retinamide (4-HPR) and alpha-difluromethylornithine (DFMO) on leiomyoma growth are examined. The treatment with chemopreventive agents 4-HPR and DFMO induces apoptosis and inhibits the growth of primary cultures of human uterine leimyomas in vitro.b

The fabrication of planar heterojunctions with magnetic van der Waals ultrathin crystals is essential for constructing miniaturized spintronic devices but is yet to be realized. Here, we report the growth of CrTe3and CrTe2ultrathin films with molecular beam epitaxy and characterize their morphological and electronic structure through low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy. The former is identified as a Mott insulator, and the latter has shown a robust magnetic order previously. Through vacuum annealing, CrTe3can be transformed into CrTe2, whose relative ratio is controlled viathe annealing time. This renders the feasibility of constructing CrTe3–CrTe2planar heterojunctions, which express atomically sharp interfaces and smooth band bending. We also identified a superstructure conceivably formed viahybrid units of CrTe3and CrTe2, whose electronic structure exhibits stunning tunability with the length of the superstructure. Our study sets a foundation for the development of magnetic tunneling junctions for building spintronic circuits and engineering electronic states in artificial superlattice structures.

The finite difference method is widely used in seismic wave numerical simulation, reverse time migration and full waveform inversion. However, the numerical dispersion problem seriously affects the results of seismic imaging and inversion. Based on this, we introduced cosine-combined window function (CCWF) used in harmonic analysis of the power system and compared the amplitude response and error properties with other window functions. Then, an optimised CCWF and a new weighting method are proposed, which results in finite-difference operators with not only large spectral coverage but also small precision error fluctuation. In this paper, the analysis shows the good stability of using finite difference operators. Finally, we perform numerical forward modelling, which denotes that our method is superior than other optimum methods. From an economic point of view, this method will effectively reduce the computation cost and improve efficiency.

The purpose of this paper is to present an integrative model of predictors and outcome of customer satisfaction in the fast food industry and also examined its effects. Moreover, we also examined the contingent effect of social trust on the relationship between customer satisfaction and brand loyalty. Both offline survey and online survey were conducted with four hundred Pakistani fast food customers; valid data were assessed and analyzed through structural equation modeling and moderation step-by-step approach. Results demonstrate that restaurant stimuli such as food quality, service quality, restaurant atmosphere, restaurant location, price and a variety of food have strong significant effects on customer satisfaction, and customer satisfaction engendered brand loyalty. Social trust has a positive significant impact on the relationship between customer satisfaction and brand loyalty. Customers with high social trust have a positive strong bonding with restaurants than those who held low social trust. This study has practical implications for both restaurateurs and government. Restaurateurs should keep a close eye on the changing needs of the customer, ensure the safety standards of foods, disclose the menu information, and permit to often visit the kitchen; in this way it strengthens consumer specific trust and general trust on society. Moreover, the government can take an initiative to set proper policy and maintain the food safety standards by regulation.

ObjectivesTo explore the effects of electroacupuncture on nerve function in rats with ischemic stroke and its mechanism of anti-apoptosis. MethodsA total of 80 SPF male SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group, model group, sham electroacupuncture group, acupuncture group, electroacupuncture group and 16 rats in each group. The rat model of left ischemic stroke was prepared by suture embolization. In the sham group, the left common carotid artery was isolated only and no other treatment was given. In the electroacupuncture group, "Baihui" and "Mingmen" were selected for acupuncture, followed by dilatation wave, frequency 2Hz/100Hz, intensity 1mA, and electroacupuncture for 30min. The sham electroacupuncture group was the same as the electroacupuncture group in acupoint electroacupuncture group was the same as the electroacupuncture group in acupoint selection. The electroacupuncture group was only inserted subcutaneously and then connected with the electroacupuncture group without power supply, and fixed for 30 minutes. The electroacupuncture group and the acupuncture group received electroacupuncture treatment once, for a total of 14 days, 1d after modeling. The Improved Neurological Impairment scale (mNSS) was used to evaluate the degree of neurological impairment in each group after anesthesia and wakefulness. The percentage of cerebral infarction area was determined by TTC staining. HE staining and Nissl staining were used to observe the pathological changes of ischemic brain tissue. The level of apoptosis in ischemic brain tissue was detected by TUNEL assay. Western blot was used to detect protein expression of Bax, Bcl-2 and Cleaved caspase-3 in ischemic brain tissue. ResultsCompared with the sham operation group, neurological function score, percentage of cerebral infarction area and apoptosis level in the model group were significantly increased (all P< 0.01). Compared with the model group, neurological function score, percentage of cerebral infarction area and apoptosis index of acupuncture group and electroacupuncture group were decreased (all P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the expression levels of Bcl-2 protein in ischemic brain tissue of rats with ischemic stroke were up-regulated in the acupuncture group and electroacupuncture group to different degrees, while the expression levels of Bax and Cleaved caspase-3 protein were down-regulated in the electroacupuncture group. ConclusionElectroacupuncture may inhibit Bax, Cleaved caspase-3 and up-regulate the expression of Bcl-2 against neuronal apoptosis, thereby improving the neurological function injury of ischemic stroke rats.

ABSTRACTAlthough HER2-targeted therapy has been shown to prolong the survival of patients with HER2-positive breast cancer, most patients eventually progress due to drug resistance. Novel treatment options are urgently needed to overcome resistance to HER2-targeted therapy. The VEGF/VEGFR (Vascular endothelial growth factor and its receptors) pathway is essential in tumor angiogenesis, which may be a promising target in HER2-positive breast cancer providing a rationale for the use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) targeting VEGFR. Here, we present a case of a heavily pretreated advanced breast cancer patient who did not respond to HER2-targeted therapy and developed resistance to multiple lines of HER2-targeted treatment. The patient was treated with apatinib at a dose of 500 mg daily, and obtained partial remission (PR) with a progression-free-stage (PFS) of 6 months. Our case indicates that apatinib might have anti-tumor activity in patients with HER2-positive breast cancer with HER2-targeted resistance. This case is of value which may provide new insights into strategies for HER2-targeted therapy resistance options in the clinic.

Image fusion based on the sparse representation (SR) has become the primary research direction of the transform domain method. However, the SR-based image fusion algorithm has the characteristics of high computational complexity and neglecting the local features of an image, resulting in limited image detail retention and a high registration misalignment sensitivity. In order to overcome these shortcomings and the noise existing in the image of the fusion process, this paper proposes a new signal decomposition model, namely the multi-source image fusion algorithm of the gradient regularization convolution SR (CSR). The main innovation of this work is using the sparse optimization function to perform two-scale decomposition of the source image to obtain high-frequency components and low-frequency components. The sparse coefficient is obtained by the gradient regularization CSR model, and the sparse coefficient is taken as the maximum value to get the optimal high frequency component of the fused image. The best low frequency component is obtained by using the fusion strategy of the extreme or the average value. The final fused image is obtained by adding two optimal components. Experimental results demonstrate that this method greatly improves the ability to maintain image details and reduces image registration sensitivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Geopolymer is a material with high early strength. However, the insufficient durability properties, such as long-term strength, acid-base resistance, freeze–thaw resistance, leaching toxicity, thermal stability, sulfate resistance and carbonation resistance, restrain its practical application. Herein, a long-term stable geopolymer composite with high final strength (ASK1) was synthesized from shell coal gasification fly ash (SFA) and steel slag (SS). Additionally, a geopolymer composite with high early strength (ASK2) was also synthesized for comparison. The results showed that ASK1 exhibited better performance on freezing-thawing resistance, carbonization resistance and heavy metals stabilization compared to the ASK2 at long-term curing. Raising the curing temperature could accelerate the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) development at initial curing ages of 3 to 7 d. Both ASK1 and ASK2 exhibited excellent acid-base and sulfate corrosion resistance. An increase for UCS was seen under KOH solution and MgSO4solution corrosion for ASK1. All leaching concentrations of heavy metals out of the two geopolymers were below the standard threshold, even after 50 freezing-thawing cycles. Both ASK1 and ASK2 geopolymer concrete exhibited higher sustainability and economic efficiency than Portland cement concrete. The result of this study not only provides a suitable way for the utilization of industrial solid waste in civil and environmental engineering, but also opens a new approach to improve the long-term stabilities of the geopolymers.

A comparative proteogenomics project to analyze mass spectrometry data sets for three Shewanella bacteria representing multiple growth conditions is reported. The results shed new light on the annotations of both genomes and proteomes.

The effects of computer networks on electronic commerce and information management are presented.

The taxonomy and evaluation models for decision making process in information technology outsourcing are presented.

Objective This study was performed to determine the relationship between the minimum distance from the radiofrequency ablation (RFA) needle tip to the tumor and local tumor progression (LTP) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) nodules and identify prognostic factors for LTP.Methods We reviewed 197 patients (197 nodules) who underwent RFA after transcatheter arterial chemoembolization for HCC from January 2010 to January 2015. Three-dimensional registration of images was used to calculate the minimum distance from the tip to the tumor. We then divided the minimum distance into two groups: <2 and ≥2 mm. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography was performed after treatment. The LTP rate was calculated 1 and 3 years after RFA. We performed multivariate analysis to identify independent prognostic factors for LTP.Results The cumulative 1-year LTP rates in the <2- and ≥2-mm groups were 82.7% and 4.3%, respectively, and the cumulative 3-year LTP rates in the two groups were 94.8% and 10.8%, respectively. The minimum distance from the needle tip to the tumor was an independent prognostic factor for LTP.Conclusions A minimum distance of 2 mm from the needle tip to the tumor should be completely ablated along with the tumor.

Objective This study aimed to determine if superselective renal artery embolization is a safe and effective method of treating bleeding complications after percutaneous renal biopsy.Methods From January 2006 to December 2017, 43 patients (22 men and 21 women, mean age: 44.5 ± 14.0 years) underwent angiography for post-biopsy bleeding complications following percutaneous biopsy. Patients underwent angiography and superselective artery embolization. We recorded serum creatinine and hemoglobin values to assess the effect of embolization.Results Successful embolization was achieved in all patients. There was a pseudoaneurysm in 10 cases, arteriovenous fistula in eight, contrast media extravasation in 16, arteriovenous fistula combined with contrast media extravasation in five, and pseudoaneurysm combined with arteriovenous fistula in four. The embolic substance was a microcoil only or combined with a gelatin sponge. The mean creatinine value was not different at 1 day and 1 week after embolization compared with before embolization. Mean hemoglobin values were significantly higher at 1 day and 1 week after embolization than before embolization.Conclusions Superselective renal artery embolization is a safe and effective treatment for post-biopsy bleeding complications after percutaneous renal biopsy. Lumbar or iliolumbar artery angiography is necessary if renal arteriography shows no signs of hemorrhage.

Repeat masked phrap with scaffolding (RePS) identifies exact 20 mer repeats from the shotgun data and removes them before assembly. The real data for human and rice that reasonable assemblies are possible even at various coverages.

Thermoanarobacter tengconensis is a rod shaped, gram negative, anaerobic eubacterium that was separated from a freshwater hot spring. T. tengconensis as a gram negative rod by empirical definitions shares many genes that are characteristics of gram positive bacteria whereas it is missing molecular components unique to gram negative bacteria.

Objective This study was performed to determine whether transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) plus multi-imaging–guided radiofrequency ablation (MIG-RFA) can completely eliminate 3.1- to 5.0-cm hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) nodules and identify factors that may influence the complete elimination rate (CER) of this therapy.Methods Patients who underwent TACE+MIG-RFA for initial treatment of HCC from January 2008 to January 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. In total, 162 patients with 216 HCC nodules (3.1–5.0 cm) were enrolled. TACE was performed first; MIG-RFA was performed 2 to 4 weeks later. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography was performed 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after TACE+MIG-RFA. If tumor enhancement was not detected by the end of the 12-month follow-up, the lesion was considered completely eliminated. Additional TACE+MIG-RFA was performed for residual lesions. The CER was calculated 12 months after the last therapy. Factors that may influence the CER were analyzed.Results In total, 207 (95.8%) nodules showed no residual lesions and were completely eliminated after one or more TACE+MIG-RFA sessions. Nine (4.2%) nodules were incompletely eliminated even with repeated TACE+MIG-RFA. Tumor location was the only significant prognostic factor influencing the CER.Conclusions TACE+MIG-RFA can eliminate 3.1- to 5.0-cm HCC nodules; the tumor location may affect the treatment outcome.

In the field of log interpretation of tight sandstone and shale reservoirs, it is difficult to quantitatively evaluate the fracture distribution parameters (fracture azimuth angle and fracture dip angle) near the borehole. Multi-component induction logging can measure the apparent resistivities of the reservoir in different directions by an orthogonal coil system, which lays a foundation for the quantitative evaluation of the fracture distribution parameters near the borehole. First, we derive the finite element equations for numerical calculation from the Maxwell equations for the time-harmonic field and construct a three-dimensional (3D) vector finite element numerical algorithm for the fractured formation. Second, we quantitatively analyze the multi-component induction logging detection characteristics of the fracture azimuth and dip angles. Third, we establish a fast extraction method of the fracture azimuth angle based on coordinate system rotation and an analytical calculation method of the fracture dip angle using the combination of cross components and coplanar components of multi-component induction logging. Finally, we use field data to test the fracture distribution parameter extraction method, and the fracture dip and azimuth angles calculated by multi-component induction logging are consistent with those calculated by borehole imaging logging, which realizes the fast extraction of the distribution parameters of fractures in tight sandstone and shale reservoirs.

To improve the accuracy of the network security situation, a security situation automatic prediction model based on accumulative data preprocess and support vector machine (SVM) optimized by covariance matrix adaptive evolutionary strategy (CMA-ES) is proposed. The proposed model adopts SVM which has strong nonlinear ability. Also, the hyper parameters for SVM are optimized through the CMA-ES which owns good performance in finding optimization automatically. Considering the irregularity of network security situation values, we accumulate the original sequence, so that the internal rules of discrete data can be revealed and it is easy to model. Simulation experiments show that the proposed model has faster convergence-speed and higher prediction accuracy than other extant prediction models.

To investigate the effect of a treatment course of comprehensive intervention with Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) on the mortality of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) treated with combined antiretroviral therapy (cART).

This paper investigated effects of four ecological variables on the damage levels of elm leaf beetle (different effects of minimum and maximum values, relations between each two variables were also explored) and discussed current management measures. The results showed that among these factors, interval between elm trees significantly affected damage level by this leaf beetle species, and perimeter of elm trunk could change this effect. On the other side, while middle values for each index were deleted, effects comparison between minimum and maximum parts showed that good root soil as overwintering was related with more damage; more severe damages on elm tree would result in more control measures used; on elm tree with bigger trunk, more damages were observed; and if other elm tree was closer, more damages would occur. Secondly, good root soil was related with more measures used; good root soil was correlated with smaller perimeter; good root soil was associated with bigger interval. Thirdly, more measures were correlated with bigger perimeter; more measures were also correlated with good root soil. Fourthly, bigger perimeter was correlated with worse root soil. Current dominant control measures included chemical pesticide application preventing adult insects from descending or climbing up along trunk before and after overwintering. These results suggested that we should focus on elm leaf beetle management on all the elm trees instead of only on bigger elm trees at proper period simultaneously because occurrence on these elm trees were related intensively although this adult elm leaf beetle species could not fly and had limited movement ability.

Collision avoidance support for high-speed trains is a major safety target for railway operators. This paper presents a new concept for a train collision early warning system (TCEWS) that addresses the problem of train-to-train collisions. Similar to existing collision avoidance systems used by railway networks, the TCEWS approach allows drivers to “see” its neighborhood leading target train and have up-to-date and accurate knowledge of the traffic situation in the vicinity. However, the system architecture and operational principles of TCEWS have certain differences. The core idea is to build a system that is independent of the current railway signaling-based systems, e.g. the Chinese Train Control System level-2 or level-3. With additional sensors and prior information from the electronic track map database, the Global Navigation Satellite System is able to provide the ability for train state detection and collision risk assessment without relying on Automatic Train Protection or other existing train-borne equipments. Wireless communication enables the state of the train to be monitored and an early warning to be issued due to cooperation between the train and trackside facilities. The system components and working principles of the TCEWS are detailed in this paper, and the characteristics and advantages are summarized by comparisons with collision avoidance systems in railway and other transport modes. Implementation and field test of TCEWS on the Hankou–Yichang Railway are introduced and analyzed. It is demonstrated that the TCEWS has sufficient capability to be a “safety overlay” system on top of existing railway signaling systems, and has huge potential in ensuring safety levels of high-speed railways using the Global Positioning System, the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System or other global navigation satellite systems.

There are a lot of security issues in block cipher algorithm. Security analysis and enhanced design of a dynamic block cipher was proposed. Firstly, the safety of ciphertext was enhanced based on confusion substitution of S-box, thus disordering the internal structure of data blocks by four steps of matrix transformation. Then, the diffusivity of cipher-text was obtained by cyclic displacement of bytes using column ambiguity function. The dynamic key was finally generated by using LFSR, which improved the stochastic characters of secret key in each of round of iteration. The safety performance of proposed algorithm was analyzed by simulation test. The results showed the proposed algorithm has a little effect on the speed of encryption and decryption while enhancing the security. Meanwhile, the proposed algorithm has highly scalability, the dimension of S-box and the number of register can be dynamically extended according to the security requirement.

This paper addresses the issue of provisioning end-to-end quality of service (QoS) for multimedia services over heterogeneous networks and introduces a parametric model by using network calculus theory for QoS class mapping between different QoS domains. Then, a QoS mapping scheme based on flow aggregation (QMS-FAG) is proposed in this paper to mitigate the information loss problem due to mapping between QoS domains with different granularity of QoS class and to provide efficient network resources utilization by considering user's quality of experience. In QMS-FAG, the QoS requirements of service flows are indicated by a unique FAG identifier, which is described in a service flow map of QoS parameters. With FAG identifier and mapping executors sitting at the border of different QoS domains, QMS-FAG allows smooth QoS class mapping between networks with different granularity of QoS class. Both numerical analysis and simulation studies are given to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method.

Power spectrum estimation is to use the limited length of data to estimate the power spectrum of the signal. In this paper, we study the recently proposed tunable high-resolution estimator (THREE), which is based on the best approximation to a given spectrum, with respect to different notions of distance between power spectral densities. We propose and demonstrate a different distance for the optimization part to estimate the multivariate spectrum. Its effectiveness is tested through Matlab simulation. Simulation shows that our approach constitutes a valid estimation procedure. And we also demonstrate the superiority of the method, which is more reliable and effective compared with the standard multivariate identification techniques.

By explicit construction of counterexamples having the same eigenvalue spectrum of one-matrix, but different two-matrix, we show that density-matrix functionals for the electronic energy that are based solely on the eigenvalues of the one-matrix cannot be unique in functional representation of the two-matrix. The one-to-many mapping may be understood either through the number of independent parameters or the contraction relation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coherent feedback control of quantum systems has demonstrable advantages over measurement-based control, but so far there has been little work done on coherent estimators and more specifically coherent observers. Coherent observers are input the coherent output of a specified quantum plant and are designed such that some subset of the observer's and plant's expectation values converge in the asymptotic limit. We previously developed a class of mean tracking (MT) observers for open harmonic oscillators that only converged in mean position and momentum; here we develop a class of covariance matrix tracking (CMT) coherent observers that track both the mean and the covariance matrix of a quantum plant. We derive necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a CMT observer and find that there are more restrictions on a CMT observer than there are on a MT observer. We give examples where we demonstrate how to design a CMT observer and show that it can be used to track properties like the entanglement of a plant. As the CMT observer provides more quantum information than a MT observer, we expect it will have greater application in future coherent feedback schemes mediated by coherent observers. Investigation of coherent quantum estimators and observers is important in the ongoing discussion of quantum measurement because they provide an estimation of a system's quantum state without explicit use of the measurement postulate in their derivation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We investigate the fidelity of measurement-based quantum computation (MBQC) when it is coupled with a boson environment, by measuring the cluster-state fidelity and gate fidelity. Two schemes of cluster-state preparation are studied. In the controlled-Z (CZ) creation scheme, cluster states are prepared by entangling all qubits in |+) state with CZ gates at all neighboring sites. The fidelity shows an oscillation pattern over time. The influence of the environmental temperature is evaluated, and suggestions are given to enhance the performance of MBQCs realized in this way. In the Hamiltonian creation scheme, cluster states are made by cooling a system with cluster Hamiltonians, of which the ground states are cluster states. A fidelity sudden-drop phenomenon is discovered. When the coupling is below a threshold, MBQC systems are highly robust against the noise. Our main environmental model is one with a single collective bosonic mode. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An increasing demand for vehicle noise control has been proposed and at the same time, vehicle weight and fuel economy have become critical for the automotive industry. The methodology of statistical energy analysis (SEA) is used to balance both light weight and high noise insulation performance. In this paper, the floor system which is one of the major paths for vehicle interior noise is studied with two sound package systems, the original floor insulation system and the lightweight one. The vehicle floor system is modeled by SEA and its transmission loss (TL) is analyzed. The results show that under certain sound package coverage, the TL of the floor system with the lightweight sound package is a little larger than the TL with the lightweight one. However, the lightweight sound package system has better absorption property and the advantage of weight reduction. Finally, in order to get the better TL, the sound package design is performed.

The design of automotive trim configurations has become increasingly driven to maximize the acoustic performance benefit while minimizing material weight. Statistical energy analysis (SEA) can serve as a useful tool to predict the high frequency acoustic response on both a component and full vehicle level. This paper focuses on the automotive dash panel, using VAOne software to establish the SEA model. The method of orthogonal test is applied to optimize the sound package design to satisfy maximum high-frequency transmission loss (TL) and minimum weight by modifying the acoustic material, thickness, surface density and coverage of sound package.

The aim of this article was to evaluate the qualitative and quantitative variables influencing the wheat insurance purchasing decisions using farm level survey data in Hebei Province of China. The field surveys were carried out using questionnaire, focus group discussion and on site visit throughout in the targeted rural areas. Software Eview 6.00 and the binary logit regression model were used to determine the main factors influencing the farmers’ wheat insurance purchasing decisions. Results revealed that majority of the farmers were associated with the insuring of their wheat crop in different ways. In the focus group discussion it was found that the study area has been more prone to natural disasters and the wheat productivity was also affected. However, the findings presented in the article may help to improve the farmers’ wheat insurance purchasing decisions.

Agriculture by nature is a risky business, not only natural calamities but also other environmental factors such as political system, law, policy, social factors and many others has profoundly affecting the agricultural development. However the current paper mainly concentrates on the four main kinds of natural calamities such as drought, flood, wind hail and frost etc affecting the agricultural development of Hebei province China. In order to evaluate and mitigate the province from the agricultural natural calamities, the panel data from 1990-2012 of four agricultural natural disasters covered and affected areas are analyzed. It defined and measured the rates of disaster reduction and affected, gives the analysis and mitigation of agricultural natural disasters. According to the extent and the areas of distribution of a variety of calamities in the losses of crops, use basic statistical methods to analyze the development trend and the affected areas variation of various calamities, such as it discussed the natural calamity's long term changes in the diversity and complexity of features. Finally from the prospective of macro policy the study responds and concludes some mitigation measures to compete with agricultural natural calamities.

Urban road traffic congestion is a mainly problem in many cities of China, particularly in the peak hours. During peak period the commuter travel takes part in a majority proportion of the residents’ travel. This paper aims to identify the commuter travel among numerous bus travels by using the IC (Integrated Circuit) data only. With the method of cluster analysis, the stops at which passengers get on the bus are identified from the time recorded in IC data. Then the popular origins and destinations of commuter travel are found based on the trip chaining theory. A case study on Harbin is conducted at last to verify the proposed method.

LVRT technology is currently a hot research of wind power, but the impact on the wind turbine of grid voltage swells and HVRT technology have not been given sufficient attention. This article analyzed the converter problems of full power wind turbine on grid voltage swells and used the control strategy of reactive power control, dynamic voltage and over-modulation to enhance the full power wind turbines HVRT capability.

In hierarchical sensor networks, key sharing at the intra-cluster tier (i.e. how to establish pairwise keys between a sensor and its cluster head) is more challenging than that at inter-cluster tier. Despite some key management protocols have been proposed, there still lacks both secure and efficient one. In this study, the authors proposed an intra-cluster key sharing to overcome the security problems nowadays. The analysis proved that this proposed scheme has the following advantages by comparing with other schemes: (i) it is more efficient in saving the storage overheads and communication overheads; (ii) it improves the resilience against node capture attacks during and after initialisation; and (iii) it guarantees 100% connectivity at intra-cluster communication tier.

In target tracking systems, measurements from the same target can arrive out-of-sequence. Such OOSM arrivals can induce negative-time measurement update problem. In order to solve the l-step-lag OOSM problem with correlated process noise and measurement noise, a new algorithm based on forward prediction is proposed. A modified information filter is adopted so as to eliminate the correlated noise. By defining an equivalent measurement the l-step-lag OOSM problem is transformed into 1-step-lag problem. The new algorithm is independent with the discrete time model of the process noise. The storage requirements and calculations are reduced. The simulation results show its effectiveness.

Using plane dislocation theory and the seismic-wave inversion results from the Institute of Geophysics, China Earthquake Administration and the Institute of Geodesy and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences models, the surface coseismic deformation and gravity changes caused by the 2013 Ms7.0 Lushan earthquake are simulated. The simulations of coseismic gravity change and deformation indicate that the dislocation has dip-slip characteristics. The results also show that the coseismic deformation exhibits a symmetrical, positive-and-negative distribution, with the deformation usually being less than 10mm in the farfield but up to 140mm in the near-field. The gravity changes are concentrated on the fault-projection area, which is greatly affected by the vertical surface deformation. The gravity change and vertical deformation in the far field are usually less than and 5mm, respectively, but reach and 330mm, respectively, in the near field. The simulated results agree well with the measured results, which suggests a theoretical basis for the observed change in gravity before and after this earthquake.

The article discusses various methods to predict wellbore pressure drop in gas condensed wells under high gas/oil ratio (GOR) conditions including a pseudo mixture approach, a model based on physical principle including hydrodynamic and thermodynamic methods, and a model dealing with phase changes, temperature, and flow regime transitions. It highlights disadvantages of these methods. It also describes various models to calculate liquid loading in gas condensed wells under high GOR conditions.