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A recent study from the University of Buenos Aires explores how Junin Virus exploits intracellular lipid droplets in a nucleoprotein-dependent process. The research highlights the essential role of lipid droplets in the replication cycle of the virus, shedding light on the metabolic changes caused by mammarenaviruses in their hosts. This peer-reviewed study contributes to our understanding of viral interactions with host cells and metabolic processes. [Extracted from the article]

This article discusses the structure and stabilization of the antigenic glycoprotein building blocks of the New World mammarenavirus spike complex. The New World arenaviruses, which can be transmitted from rodent reservoirs to humans, pose a risk to human health. The glycoprotein complex on the surface of the virion plays a crucial role in host-cell entry and is a target of the immune response. The researchers determined the crystal structures of the glycoprotein complexes from Junin virus and Machupo virus, providing insights into the distinct assemblies presented by New World and Old World arenaviruses. These findings may guide vaccine development. [Extracted from the article]

A patent application titled "Use of Ouabain Antagonists to Inhibit Viral Infection" has been published online by the US Patent and Trademark Office. The patent application discusses methods of inhibiting and treating viral infections, particularly the human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). The inventors propose administering a competitive antagonist of ouabain binding to ATPase Sodium/potassium-transporting subunit alpha-1 (ATP1A1) to inhibit viral infections. The method can be used for various viruses, including RSV, adenovirus, coronavirus, influenza A virus, and hepatitis C virus. The agent can be administered through various methods such as oral, intranasal, or inhalation administration. [Extracted from the article]

A patent has been issued to Gilead Sciences Inc. for crystalline forms of a compound known as (S)-2-ethylbutyl 2-(((S)-(((2R,3S,4R,5R)-5-(4-aminopyrrolo[2,1-f][1,2,4]triazin-7-yl)-5-cyano-3,4-dihydroxytetrahydrofuran-2-yl)methoxy)(phenoxy)phosphoryl)amino)propanoate. This compound has been found to exhibit antiviral properties against various viruses, including Arenaviridae, Coronaviridae, Filoviridae, Flaviviridae, and Paramyxoviridae. The patent describes different crystalline forms of the compound and their potential use in pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment of viral infections. This information may be useful for researchers studying antiviral therapies and seeking broad-spectrum antiviral activity. [Extracted from the article]

A report from George Washington University highlights the need for further research on New World mammarenaviruses, which can cause significant illness and death in humans. These viruses are primarily found in South America and are transmitted through contact with infected animals. The report summarizes the current knowledge on these viruses, including their reservoir hosts, transmission conditions, and the populations most at risk. It also emphasizes the importance of surveillance and strengthening healthcare systems to prevent future outbreaks. While each virus presents unique risks, there are common steps that can be taken to mitigate transmission and contain outbreaks. [Extracted from the article]

A patent application titled "Nucleic Acid Vaccine Composition Comprising a Lipid Formulation, and Method of Increasing the Potency of Nucleic Acid Vaccines" has been published online by the United States Patent and Trademark Office. The patent application describes a method of enhancing the potency of nucleic acid vaccines, specifically DNA vaccines, by formulating them with a lipid formulation. The invention increases the level of immunogen produced and enhances the immune response. The lipid formulation contains specific cationic lipids and may also include lipid excipients. This method has potential applications in the development of vaccines for various diseases, including cancer and infectious diseases. [Extracted from the article]

A patent application has been submitted for methods of treating viral infections using extracellular vesicles released from neural stem cells or neural progenitor cells. The application highlights the public health risks posed by RNA viruses such as influenza, hepatitis C, dengue, West Nile, SARS, MERS, and HIV. It also emphasizes the need for novel therapies for COVID-19 and other viral infections. The patent application describes the use of extracellular vesicles and piRNAs as potential treatments for viral infections. The method involves administering these substances to individuals in need of treatment or prevention of viral infections. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by researchers at the Friedrich-Loeffler Institute in Greifswald, Germany, has found that N-6-methyladenosine (m(6)A), a modification of cellular RNA, plays a crucial role in the life cycle of the Ebola virus (EBOV) and other haemorrhagic fever-causing viruses. The researchers discovered that the methyltransferase METTL3 interacts with the EBOV nucleoprotein and the transcriptional activator VP30, supporting viral RNA synthesis. They also found that METTL3 is recruited into EBOV inclusions bodies, where viral RNA synthesis occurs. The study suggests that targeting METTL3 could be a promising approach for developing broad-spectrum antivirals against haemorrhagic fever viruses. [Extracted from the article]

Keywords: Buenos Aires; Argentina; Arenaviridae; Arenavirus; Drugs and Therapies; Junin Virus; RNA Viruses; Risk and Prevention; Viral; Virology EN Buenos Aires Argentina Arenaviridae Arenavirus Drugs and Therapies Junin Virus RNA Viruses Risk and Prevention Viral Virology 1624 1624 1 10/16/23 20231020 NES 231020 2023 OCT 20 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Drug Week -- New research on RNA Viruses - Junin Virus is the subject of a report. The present study reports the effects of the natural flavonoid quercetin (QUER) on the infection of A549 and Vero cells with Junin virus (JUNV), agent of the Argentine HF.". [Extracted from the article]

A recombinant polypeptide for directing an extracellular vesicle (EV) to at least one target cell comprising: at least one targeting moiety for directing said EV to said at least one target molecule expressed by said at least one target cell, at least one EV-anchoring polypeptide, and at least one intravesicular polypeptide. "In another aspect, there is provided a recombinant polypeptide for directing an extracellular vesicle (EV) to at least one target cell comprising: at least one targeting moiety for directing said EV to said at least one target molecule expressed by said at least one target cell, at least one EV-anchoring polypeptide, and at least one intravesicular polypeptide. A recombinant tumor-selective viral particle comprising a nucleic acid encoding a recombinant polypeptide for directing an extracellular vesicle (EV) to at least one target cell, said recombinant polypeptide comprising: at least one targeting moiety for directing said EV to said at least one target molecule expressed by said at least one target cell, at least one EV-anchoring polypeptide, and at least one intravesicular polypeptide. [Extracted from the article]

While several vaccine candidates have been investigated, there are currently no approved vaccines for arenavirus infection except for Candid#1, a live-attenuated Junin virus vaccine only licensed in Argentina." Keywords: Arenaviridae; Arenavirus; Biological Products; Health and Medicine; Immunization; Junin Virus; RNA Viruses; Risk and Prevention; Vaccines; Viral; Virology EN Arenaviridae Arenavirus Biological Products Health and Medicine Immunization Junin Virus RNA Viruses Risk and Prevention Vaccines Viral Virology 255 255 1 03/27/23 20230331 NES 230331 2023 MAR 29 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Vaccine Weekly -- New research on Junin virus is the subject of a new report. [Extracted from the article]

Keywords: Arenaviridae; Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor; DNA-Binding Proteins; Hydrocarbons; Junin Virus; Microbiological Processes; New World Arenaviruses; Organic Chemicals; Orphan Nuclear Receptors; Proteins; RNA Viruses; Risk and Prevention; Transcription Factors; Vertebrate Viruses; Viral; Virology; Virus; Virus Physiological Phenomena; Virus Physiological Processes; Virus Replication EN Arenaviridae Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor DNA-Binding Proteins Hydrocarbons Junin Virus Microbiological Processes New World Arenaviruses Organic Chemicals Orphan Nuclear Receptors Proteins RNA Viruses Risk and Prevention Transcription Factors Vertebrate Viruses Viral Virology Virus Virus Physiological Phenomena Virus Physiological Processes Virus Replication 2762 2762 1 03/23/23 20230317 NES 230317 2023 MAR 17 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Drug Week -- Research findings on Junin virus are discussed in a new report. Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor, DNA-Binding Proteins, Hydrocarbons, Junin Virus, Arenaviridae, Microbiological Processes, New World Arenaviruses, Organic Chemicals, Orphan Nuclear Receptors, Proteins, RNA Viruses, Risk and Prevention, Transcription Factors, Vertebrate Viruses, Viral, Virology, Virus, Virus Physiological Phenomena, Virus Physiological Processes, Virus Replication. [Extracted from the article]

Objective. To determine the most rational strategy of vaccination with Candid 1 vaccine in order to prevent Argentine hemorrhagic fever among children under 15 years old living an endemic area. Methods. To analyze the estimated effectiveness, a decision tree model was designed, with two possible options: vaccinate all the children under age 15 in the endemic area ("expanded vaccination") or vaccinate only the children at greater risk ("selective vaccination"). These two options were compared with the alternative of not vaccinating. The evaluation was complemented with a sensitivity analysis to identify the threshold values of the critical variables that could change the decision. The probabilities that were used were taken from earlier clinical and epidemiological trials. Results. According to the model that we used, the expanded vaccination strategy was the best option, with a total expected utility of 9.99998 (out of a maximum possible 10.0). The sensitivity analysis showed that selective vaccination would be the best strategy if the incidence in the population with low risk drops to less than 3 per 1 000 000 population or if the rate of serious adverse reactions to the vaccine reaches more than 9 per 100 000 inhabitants. No variation in the parameters used in the model supported the option of not vaccinating. Conclusions. Given the risk and benefit parameters that we used, we recommend vaccinating with Candid I all the children under age 15 who live in the area endemic for Argentine hemorrhagic fever. The proposed model can be fitted to future needs, and it can help in decision-making by incorporating prospective disease surveillance data. These results can be used as a basis for cost and efficacy studies and for other quantitative analyses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]