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AbstractThe swift decline in the quantity and quality of natural resources and the public’s increased awareness about it is putting steep pressure on manufacturing and services firms to follow eco-friendly practices. The United Nations has made it imperative for organizations to ensure sustainability in their operations. This study investigates whether the quality management system within an organization helps them achieve environmental innovation and sustainable development goals? It also examines does environmental innovation facilitates firms in achieving sustainable development goals? Six quality management practices are taken from the American ‘Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award’; environmental innovation includes product and process innovation, and corporate sustainability includes environmental, social, and economic dimensions. The authors followed the non-probability convenience sampling technique to collect data from the junior, middle, and senior managers from medium and large-size services and manufacturing firms from July 2019 to October 2019. The structural analysis indicated that quality management facilitates firms to achieve their environmental innovation and sustainability goals; environmental innovation significantly enables organizations to achieve sustainability goals. Dimensional analysis indicated that quality management significantly impacts all studied dimensions. However, environmental innovation is found to have an insignificant impact on social sustainability. The findings of this study provide valuable insights to the managers of the manufacturing and services firms concerning eco-innovation and sustainability goals and conclude by offering recommendations for future studies.

Globally, economies have become complex and new technologies have transformed and facilitated the modernization of economies. In the previous literature, economic complexity approach has become one of the popular tools in the development and innovation studies of economic geography. Researchers have found that green technology and eco-innovation approaches should be used to decisively reduce the effects of carbon emission on the environment. However, debates about the impact of economic complexity on environment remain unsettled since some emerging production technologies have far-reaching pollution effects. This study explored the impacts of economic complexity on environmental sustainability in Turkey using the novel Fourier-based approaches, namely: Fourier Augmented Dickey-Fuller (FADF) and Fourier autoregressive-distributed lag (FARDL) models. The Fourier-based approaches indicated that all variables (economic complexity index (ECI), GDP, energy consumption, and CO2emission (CO2E)) are cointegrated in the long run. Additionally, the FARDL model implied that (i) in the long run, the effect of ECI (as a proxy for economic complexity), GDP (as a proxy for economic growth), and energy consumption on CO2E (as a proxy for environmental quality) is important; (ii) economic complexity decreases environmental degradation in Turkey; and (iii) economic growth and energy consumption negatively affect environmental quality. The results also showed that economic complexity could be used as a policy tool to tackle environmental degradation. The findings also revealed that the fossil fuel-based economy will continue to expand and undermine Turkey's efforts to meet its net zero emission target by 2053. Therefore, policy-makers should take actions and establish diversified economic, environmental, and energ strategies. For policy insights, the Turkish governments can use the combination of tax exemptions and technical support systems to support knowledge creation and the diffusion of environmentally friendly technologies The governments can also impose strict environmental regulations on the knowledge development phases.

The United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals for 2030 provide a foundation for this study. These SDGs encompass crucial targets pertaining to sustainable development (SDG-8), responsible energy consumption (SDGs 11 and 12), access to clean and affordable energy (SDG-7), and environmental sustainability action (SDG-13) and among others. To this end, the research employs advanced panel methodologies to investigate the heterogeneous effects of energy resources and financial development on a sustainable environment. The study adopts second-generation econometric tools to evaluate the model’s cross-sectional dependence, and the cointegration methodology proves the long-run correlation between the indicators. Additionally, the ordinary least square and the panel quantile regression results reveal long-run estimations. These long-run studies provide reliable information on environmental sustainability dynamics in the E-7 economies. The analysis reveals that the effects of the high financial development, rapid economic growth and fast-growing nonrenewable energy resources significantly impact environmental sustainability from 2000–2020 within the E-7 bloc. Furthermore, the results from both the OLS and the PQR indicate that the coefficients for renewable energy resources and globalization are negative across all quantiles (Q25to Q95quantiles) with regard to CO2emissions. These findings advocate for a policy framework that aligns with the SDGs. The study also proposes a comprehensive policy framework for the E-7 nations to promote progress toward SDGs (7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, and 16).

AbstractThe COVID-19 crisis has had deep adverse effects on a global level, affecting many economies and worsening their conditions which may have led to severe recession or even depression. The numbers of positive cases have risen sharply over the last few months, and the fatalities have also reached their peak. This study aims to examine the impact of the global financial crisis, and the COVID-19 pandemic on the macroeconomic variables of the US economy. It also provides an understanding in a descriptive format, to analyze and compare the global financial crisis and COVID-19 pandemic, in a tabulated and graphical format. For analysis purposes, the tables and average method have been used. For the graphical formats, charts have been used for the later year of 2008, and the beginning of the 2009 global financial crisis. The first six months of the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic have also been taken into consideration. The results have confirmed that the current COVID-19 pandemic shows more severity in terms of economic activity, than the global financial crisis had experienced. Moreover, the impact of the crisis on the recession probabilities in the current pandemic is lower than that at the time of the global financial crisis.

ABSTRACTThis paper closes a gap in the relevant literature by investigating the role of a country’s competitiveness on international capital mobility using robust panel multiple regressions with fixed and random effects. In this study, we use the Global Competitiveness Index to measure a country’s competitiveness level. The research empirically investigates the effect of competitiveness on cross-border capital flows, and shows how stages of economic development and country-specific risk ratings influence inflows and outflows of capital under the effect of competitiveness. Overall, we found that competitiveness has a positive and statistically significant impact on aggregated and disaggregated capital flows. However, the magnitude of its impact varies over different stages of development and across country risk levels.

This study aims to shed light on the co-movement of sovereign credit risk and economic risk in Turkey using the Toda–Yamamoto causality, Gradual Shift causality, and Wavelet Coherence tests. The study answers the following questions, which, to the best of our knowledge, have not been investigated in the literature: (i) Is there any causal linkage between sovereign credit risk and economic risk?; and (ii) If yes, why? Our findings reveal that (i) economic risk caused sovereign credit risk in 1997 and 2002; and (ii) between 2001 and 2012, sovereign credit risk caused economic risk at different scales. The Toda–Yamamoto causality and Gradual Shift causality tests confirm that, in Turkey, changes in sovereign credit risk significantly lead to changes in economic risk, indicating the importance of sovereign credit risk for predicting economic risk.

This research aims to investigate the factors influencing carbon emissions in the emerging economies while particularly focusing on the energy efficiency and financial expansion. Since the debate regarding the influence of economic growth, energy efficiency, and financial expansion is still ongoing with the contradictory arguments during the last few years, such issue may lead to inefficient policy adoption, which lead this research to re-investigate the impact of these variables on CO2emissions. This study uses advance econometric approaches on the data for emerging economies covering the period from 1990 to 2021. The examined results indicate the validity of cross-section dependence and long-run cointegration association between the study variables. Dur the issue of non-normal distribution of the variables, this study uses the novel non-parametric method which offers comprehensive evidence of the positive impact of economic growth and financial expansion on carbon emissions. In contrast, the results illustrate that energy efficiency and research and development investment significantly and adversely affect carbon emissions in the emerging economies and improve environmental sustainability. The robustness of the model is validated via bootstrap quantile regression. This study suggests strengthening financial expansion, improving energy efficiency, and increasing research and development investment to attain low carbon economy.

The European Union (EU) and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) aim to develop long-term policies for their respective member countries. Having observed increasing dangers to the environment posed by rising economic growth, they are seeking pathways to enable policy action on economic growth and environmental sustainability. Given the facts in theoretical and empirical studies, this study assessed the validity of the decoupling hypothesis by investigating asymmetricity in the relationship between environmental sustainability and economic growth in nine Eastern European countries from 1998 to 2017 using the cross-section augmented Dickey-Fuller (CADF) unit root, panel corrected standard errors (PCSE), common correlated effect mean group (CCEMG), and Dumitrescu Hurlin causality approaches. Both population growth and drinking water are used as controlled variables. The outcomes establish strong cointegration among all the variables of interest. According to the results of CCEMG test, first, economic growth exerts short-term environmental degradation but has long-term environmental benefits in Eastern Europe; second, population growth and drinking water exert a positive effect on environmental sustainability in both the short- and long-run. The results of Dumitrescu Hurlin causality test indicate that environmental sustainability is unidirectionally affected by economic growth. Based on these outcomes, the following policy suggestions are made: (1) the EU and OECD should implement member-targeted policies on economic growth and fossil-fuel use towards regulating industrial pollution, water use, and population control; (2) the EU and OECD member countries should invest in environmental technologies through green research and development (R&D) to transform their dirty industrial processes and ensure productive energy use.

This paper addresses a deficiency in the existing literature by examining the time–frequency domain association between economic risk (ER) and financial risk (FR) for the Mexico, Indonesia, Nigeria and Turkey (MINT) nations using dataset from 1984 to 2018. To the authors’ awareness, the relationship between economics and finance has not been thoroughly investigated in the context of risk for the MINT nations. As a result, the outcomes of this research are anticipated to provide an insight on and initiate a fresh discussion regarding the financial-economic nexus. The Breitung and Candelon (BC) causality and the wavelet coherence (WTC) techniques are used to inspect the combined time–frequency causal interrelationship between FR and ER, in accordance with the study goals. The findings from the wavelet revealed the following: (i) a one-way causality exists from ER to FR in Mexico; (ii) a one-way causality exists from FR to ER in Indonesia; (iii) a unidirectional causality exists from ER to FR in Nigeria and (iv) a one-way causality exists from FR to ER in Turkey. Furthermore, the BC causality outcomes validate the WTC outcomes. The study findings are critical for both researchers and macroeconomic policymakers and can be utilized to make appropriate measures, if necessary, by adopting alternative or more appropriate financial and economic decisions.

This study explores the nexus between foreign aid and Chad's economic growth. Empirical evidence is based on annual data from 1982 to 2018. The study used ARDL, FMOLS, and DOLS techniques to establish interconnection among the economic indicators. Subsequently, the study utilized the wavelet coherence technique to capture causality and correlation between economic growth and the independent variables. One of the wavelet approach's uniqueness is that it shows the pattern and behavior of the variables used, including the different time horizons. Thus, we explore the dynamic influence of gross capital formation, foreign aid, import, and export on Chad's economic growth. The result of the ARDL long-run estimates reveals that gross capital formation and foreign aid exert insignificant impact on GDP growth. However, exports and imports exert a positive and significant impact on GDP growth. Furthermore, the global financial crisis has a negative and significant impact on the economy of Chad. The outcomes of the wavelet coherence test provide supportive evidence for the ARDL long-run outcomes. Hence, we suggested that substantial macroeconomic reforms and economic liberalization initiatives will help in the dissemination of information and promote domestic investment and importation of high-tech goods.

This study aims to analyze the effects of natural resources, human capital, financial development, industrialization, technological progress, and international trade on the economic growth of the Next Eleven countries between 1990 and 2019. The novelty of this study lies in its approach to explore the indirect economic growth impacts of human capital development via the transmission channel of the natural resource utilization in these counties. The econometric methods involved are robust for accounting the cross-sectional dependence and slope heterogeneity concerns in the data. The results authenticate the resource curse hypothesis since higher natural resources rent are found to inhibit economic growth of the Next Eleven nations. In contrast, human capital development, financial development, industrialization, technological innovation and international trade participation are found to synthesize economic growth. Besides, another interesting finding in this study shows that human capital and natural resources jointly exert positive impacts on economic growth. Hence, it can be said that human capital development assists to mitigate the resource curse impacts in the case of the Next Eleven countries. Therefore, these findings necessitate the pertinence of boosting investments in human capital development, enhancing the strength of the financial sector, expediting industrialization, facilitating technological innovation, and amplifying international trade volumes for achieving higher economic growth in the Next Eleven countries. More importantly, human capital development should be prioritized for transforming the curse of the natural resources into blessing for these nations.