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In contrast to hypervalent iodine compounds, the chemistry of their sulfur analogues has been considerably less explored. Herein, we report the direct C–H bond thiolation of electron-rich heterocycles, arenes, and 1,3-dicarbonyls by dichlorosulfuranes under mild conditions. Mechanistic studies and density functional theory calculations suggest the radical chain mechanism of the disclosed transformation. The key to success is attributed to a strikingly low S–Cl bond dissociation energy, which enables the generation of radical species upon exposure to daylight.

ON THE MORNING OF MARCH 4, the last remaining independent news outlet in Russia--the award-winning Novaya Gazeta--announced the end of its reporting on the war in Ukraine in response to [...]

This article presents a comparative analysis of the potential of two large language model (LLM)-based chatbots—ChatGPT and Bing Chat (recently rebranded to Microsoft Copilot)—to detect veracity of political information. We use AI auditing methodology to investigate how chatbots evaluate true, false, and borderline statements on five topics: COVID-19, Russian aggression against Ukraine, the Holocaust, climate change, and LGBTQ + -related debates. We compare how the chatbots respond in high- and low-resource languages by using prompts in English, Russian, and Ukrainian. Furthermore, we explore chatbots’ ability to evaluate statements according to political communication concepts of disinformation, misinformation, and conspiracy theory, using definition-oriented prompts. We also systematically test how such evaluations are influenced by source attribution. The results show high potential of ChatGPT for the baseline veracity evaluation task, with 72% of the cases evaluated in accordance with the baseline on average across languages without pre-training. Bing Chat evaluated 67% of the cases in accordance with the baseline. We observe significant disparities in how chatbots evaluate prompts in high- and low-resource languages and how they adapt their evaluations to political communication concepts with ChatGPT providing more nuanced outputs than Bing Chat. These findings highlight the potential of LLM-based chatbots in tackling different forms of false information in online environments, but also point to the substantial variation in terms of how such potential is realized due to specific factors (e.g. language of the prompt or the topic).

Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) can present with non–skin related symptoms (NSRS), including recurrent unexplained fever, joint, bone, or muscle pain (JBMP), and malaise, which also occur in other conditions that manifest with wheals (eg, urticarial vasculitis or autoinflammatory disorders) or without wheals (eg, infection).

The article focuses on, In weekly YouTube live streams Navalny hosted until the Novichok attack, he repeatedly pointed out that the amendments had already been approved in a legal the procedure outlined in the Russian constitution. In his view, the vote was a propaganda stunt to increase popular support for a decision that had already been made. Navalny criticized a number of famous actors who appeared in pre-amendment agitprop the Soviet word.

ABSTRACTThis article analyses responses in the Russian media to the economic sanctions imposed in the wake of the annexation of Crimea. We look at the near-Kremlin figure Dmitry Kiselyov, explaining how elite actors employ persuasive tools in order to fashion and promote collective resilience not only as a value, but also as part of a quest for a post-Soviet identity. We show how resilience in the face of economic hardship is built and sustained, ensuring the continuity of the incumbent government. We further theorise on the underpinnings of constructing resilience, which ultimately strengthens national identity in the post-Soviet ideological vacuum.