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In this paper, we propose a multi-stage evolutionary framework with adaptive selection (MSEFAS) for efficiently handling constrained multi-objective optimization problems (CMOPs). MSEFAS has two stages of optimization in its early phase of evolutionary search: one stage that encourages promising infeasible solutions to approach the feasible region and increases diversity, and the other stage that enables the population to span large infeasible regions and accelerates convergence. To adaptively determine the execution order of these two stages in the early process, MSEFAS treats the optimization stage with higher validity of selected solutions as the first stage and the other as the second one. In addition, at the late phase of evolutionary search, MSEFAS introduces a third stage to efficiently handle the various characteristics of CMOPs by considering the relationship between the constrained Pareto fronts (CPF) and unconstrained Pareto fronts. We compare the proposed framework with eleven state-of-the-art constrained multi-objective evolutionary algorithms on 56 benchmark CMOPs. Our results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework in handling a wide range of CMOPs, showcasing its potential for solving complex optimization problems.

Membrane with remarkable proton conductance and selectivity plays a key role in obtaining high vanadium flow battery (VFB) performance. In this work, the trade-off effect between proton conductance and vanadium ion blocking was overcome by the introduction of a cross-linking structure to prepare covalent cross-linked fluorine-containing sulfonated polyimide (CFSPI-PVA) membranes. Herein, the CFSPI-PVA-15 membrane possesses excellent comprehensive properties, including acceptable area resistance (0.21 Ω cm2), lower vanadium ion permeability (0.76 × 10–7cm2min–1), and remarkable proton selectivity (3.11 × 105min cm–3) compared with the commercial Nafion 212 membrane. At the same time, the CFSPI-PVA-15 membrane exhibits higher coulomb efficiencies (97.26%–99.34%) and energy efficiencies (68.65%–88.11%) and a longer self-discharge duration (29.2 h) in contrast with the Nafion 212 membrane. Moreover, 500 cycles of the CFSPI-PVA-15 membrane at 160 mA cm–2are also stably executed. The internal reasons for the improved chemical stability of the CFSPI-PVA-15 membrane are clarified from theoretical calculations with the mean square displacement value and fractional free volume. Therefore, the CFSPI-PVA-15 membrane exhibits great potential for application in VFB.

Recently, high-resolution (HR) remote sensing images (RSIs) have attracted increasing attention in a number of tasks. Super-resolution (SR) is an efficient method to obtain HR RSIs. Due to the influence of imaging distances and angles, RSIs significantly differ from natural images in terms of land cover element distribution, ground object scale, and scene complexity. This poses a challenge for capturing global and local low and high-frequency and restoring fine image details for RSI SR. In this article, a local-global context-aware generative dual-region adversarial network (LGC-GDAN) is designed for RSI SR. It is composed of dual region-level discriminators and a dual-path generator with a context-aware network and an edge-assisted network. To capture global and local low and high-frequency information, the global-aware self-attention (GAS) mechanism and local-aware self-attention (LAS) mechanism are introduced into the context-aware network. The GAS mechanism combines high-pass and low-pass filtering for long-range similarity feature, while LAS uses local aggregation for fine-level feature. The low-resolution (LR) images and the corresponding edge maps are input to the edge-assisted network to extract the detailed geometric structure. To address small ground object and complex ground scenes, conventional image-level discriminators exhibit limited performance in capturing detailed information. Unlike previous discriminator, a region-level discriminator is designed to obtain the real/fake label of each local region. Moreover, two task-driven loss functions are designed to produce diverse images for further scene classification. The experiments undertaken on several remote sensing datasets demonstrate that LGC-GDAN outperforms the other state-of-the-art methods.

Introduction: S-ketamine plays an important role in reducing postoperative pain, but its impact on the quality of recovery in breast cancer has not been clarified. We designed this trial to explore the effects of s-ketamine on the quality of postoperative recovery and inflammatory response in modified radical mastectomy. Methods: A total of 138 patients were randomly assigned to group C (group control), group K1 (group of s-ketamine dose 1) and group K2 (group of s-ketamine dose 2). Groups K1 and K2 were given 0.1 mg/kg, 0.2 mg/kg s-ketamine intravenous (IV) after induction, followed by 0.1 mg/kg/h or 0.2 mg/kg/h continuous intravenous infusion, respectively. Group C received the same volume of saline. A 40-item Quality of Recovery Questionnaire (QoR-40) was used to assess the quality of recovery at 24 h postoperatively. Changes in inflammatory markers, nociceptive thresholds, and the occurrence of adverse events were recorded at 24 h postoperatively. Results: The QoR-40 scores at 24 h postoperatively were higher in group K2 [182.00 (179.00–185.00)] compared to group K1 [174.00 (169.50–180.50)] and group C [169.00 (163.75–174.25)] (group K2 vs. group K1, P< 0.001; group K2 vs. group C, P< 0.001). At 24 h postoperatively, the neutrophil count, NLR (neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio), and CRP (C-creative protein) were all significantly lower in group K2 than group C(P< 0.05), no differences were observed between group K1 and C(P> 0.05), group K1 and K2(P> 0.05), respectively. There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse effects among the three groups (P> 0.05). Conclusions: A high dose of s-ketamine improved the quality of recovery at 24 h after surgery, as well as alleviated the inflammatory response without increasing the incidence of adverse effects.

Traditionally, PCV (pneumococcal conjugate vaccine) was prepared by the coupling of aldehyde-activated polysaccharide, with a carrier protein via NaCNBH3 (sodium cyanoborohydride) mediated reductive amination in water. However, the reaction is very slow and may take up to several days, which is a significant burden for pharmaceutical companies. Here we report the detailed reaction process of the reductive amination of structurally reassigned serotype 31 polysaccharide and cross reacting material (CRM197) in an organic solvent (N,N-dimethylformamide, DMF) by using STAB (sodium triacetoxyborohydride). The product has been characterized by size exclusion chromatography, nuclear magnetic resonance and transmission electron microscopy. Compared with the traditional method, the reaction can finish within hours and elicited a comparable immune response. The new strategy has the potential of being applied in the preparation of next-generation polysaccharide conjugate vaccines.

In this work, a new branched trianhydride monomer 1,3,5-tris(4-naphthyloxy-1,8-diacid) phthalic anhydride is established for improving the chemical/dimensional stability and proton conduction of the branched sulfonated polyimide (BSPI) membrane for application in vanadium flow battery (VFB). Compared with linear SPI-60 membrane containing conventional dianhydride monomer 1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetra-carboxylic dianhydride, BSPI-60 membrane exhibits remarkable resistance to vanadium ions, proton conduction and structural stability. Besides, the challenge of simultaneously improving vanadium ions resistance and proton conductance is tackled. The proton selectivity of BSPI-60 membrane achieves 1.11 × 105 S·min/cm3, which is 2.8 and 2.5 times higher than both SPI-60 (0.39 × 105 S·min/cm3) and commercial Nafion 212 (0.44 × 105 S·min/cm3) membranes, respectively. At the same time, BSPI-60 membrane exhibits higher coulomb efficiencies (97.2 %–99.3 %) and energy efficiencies (85.6 %–69.5 %) compared those of SPI-60 and Nafion 212 membranes at 100–300 mA/cm2. Remarkably, the 500 cycles of BSPI-60 membrane at 140 mA/cm2are also stably executed. The internal reasons for enhanced chemical/dimensional stabilities and proton conduction of BSPI-60 membrane are clarified from theoretical calculations with mean square displacement value, fractional free volume and natural bond orbital charge via density functional theory and molecular dynamics simulation. Our study encompasses not only the synthesis of a novel branched trianhydride monomer but also the development of a BSPI membrane with a unique molecular structure specifically designed for VFB applications.

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) are a class of non‐coding RNAs greater than 200 bp in length with limited peptide‐coding function. The transcription of LINC00152is derived from chromosome 2p11.2. Many studies prove that LINC00152influences the progression of various tumors via promoting the tumor cells malignant phenotype, chemoresistance, and immune escape. LINC00152is regulated by multiple transcription factors and DNA hypomethylation. In addition, LINC00152participates in the regulation of complex molecular signaling networks through epigenetic regulation, protein interactions, and competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA). Here, we provide a systematic review of the upstream regulatory factors of LINC00152expression level in different types of tumors. In addition, we revisit the main functions and mechanisms of LINC00152as driver oncogene and biomarker in pan‐cancer. This article is categorized under:RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in DiseaseRNA Methods > RNA Analyses in CellsRNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > RNA‐Protein Complexes Expression and functions in pan‐cancer of LINC00152.

AI-driven interior design generation offers promising applications. However, current AI-based diffusion models struggle to generate indoor layouts in pixel-level alignment with the indoor structure. This study proposes a new stable diffusion-based interior design workflow with an Interior Design Control Network (IDCN). IDCN ensures that the batch-generated creative interior designs based on an input image of an unfurnished room match the indoor structure. Generating innovative designs and rendering images directly with the proposed method eliminates the tedious creative design and drawing work in traditional design practices. The results indicate that the proposed method with the new design approach achieves nearly real-time design generation and modification and significantly enhances design creativity and efficiency. Moreover, the proposed method can be generalized to other design generation tasks, thereby promoting the transformation toward intelligent design.

A series of new 4-amino-3,5-dicholo-6-(5-aryl-substituted-1H-pyrazol-1-yl)-2-picolinic acid compounds were designed and prepared to discover herbicidal molecules. The inhibitory activities of all new compounds against the root growth ofArabidopsis thalianawere assayed. On the whole, the new synthesized compounds displayed good inhibition effects and had excellent herbicidal activities on root growth of weed at 500 μM. Importantly, a selection of compounds demonstrated comparable herbicidal properties to picloram. At the dosage of 250 g/ha, most of the compounds showed a 100% postemergence herbicidal activity to control Chenopodium albumand Amaranthus retroflexus. Using compound V-2, the mechanism of action was investigated based on a phenotype study using AFB5-deficient Arabidopsis thaliana. It was found that the novel 6-pyrazolyl-2-picolinic acids were auxinic compounds. In addition, it was proposed that V-2 may be an immune activator due to its upregulation of defense genes and the increased content of jasmonic acid.

The mortality rate of sepsis remains high despite improvements in the diagnosis and treatment of sepsis using symptomatic and supportive therapies, such as anti‐infection therapy and fluid resuscitation. Nucleic acid‐based drugs have therapeutic potential, although their poor stability and low delivery efficiency have hindered their widespread use. Herein, it is confirmed that miR‐223 can polarize proinflammation M1 macrophages to anti‐inflammation M2 macrophages. A pH‐sensitive nano‐drug delivery system comprising β‐cyclodextrin‐poly(2‐(diisopropylamino)ethyl methacrylate)/distearoyl phosphoethanolamine‐polyethylene glycol (β‐CD‐PDPA/DSPE‐PEG) is synthesized and developed to target M1 macrophages and miR‐223 is encapsulated into nanoparticles (NPs) for sepsis treatment. NPs/miR‐223 demonstrated in vitro pH responsiveness with favorable biosafety, stability, and high delivery efficiency. In vivo studies demonstrate that NPs/miR‐223 are preferentially accumulated and retained in the inflammation site, thereby reducing inflammation and improving the survival rate of mice with sepsis while exhibiting ideal biosafety. Mechanically, NPs/miR‐223 regulates macrophage polarization by targeting Pknox1 and inhibiting the activation of the NF‐κB signaling pathway, thereby achieving an anti‐inflammatory effect. Collectively, it is demonstrated that the miRNA delivery vector described here provides a new approach for sepsis treatment and accelerates the advancement of nucleic acid drug therapy. A pH‐sensitive nanoparticles (NPs) comprising β‐CD‐PDPA/DSPE‐PEG is developed and miR‐223 is encapsulated into NPs for sepsis treatment. NPs/miR‐223 switched M1 macrophages to M2 macrophages by delivering miR‐223 with favorable biosafety, stability, and high delivery efficiency. Mechanically, NPs/miR‐223 target Pknox1 and inhibit the activation of the NF‐κB signaling pathway.

This study aims to review the 1481 cases of medical complaints from Fujian Provincial Jinshan Hospital in the past 5 years for providing a reference for new hospitals to deal with medical complaints, optimize medical procedures, improve medical quality, and enhance patient experience. The medical complaint information received by the hospital’s medical department and service center accepted and transferred by the health administrative department in the past 5 years was systematically reviewed and statistically analyzed by using hierarchical clustering method. The transfer of the health administration department (61.5%) and the acceptance of the service center (28.9%) were the main sources of medical complaints in hospital. The incidence of medical complaints per 10,000 patients in the hospital was between 3 and 6. The maximum number of complaints was 2017 (5.28 cases/10,000 population), and the least was in 2019 (3.2 cases/10,000 population). The median of complaints was 25, and May to Sep was the period of high incidence of medical complaints each year. In 5 years, the month with the largest number of complaints was May 2020 (41 cases), followed by August 2017(40 cases), and the month with the least number was November 2020 (11 cases). In the past 5 years, the hospital’s medical complaints were mainly in 4 aspects: medical process (n = 329, 22.2%), medical environment (n = 282, 19%), humanistic care (n = 277, 18.7%), and medical management (n = 209, 14.1%). The most frequent complaints were in clinical departments, among which the emergency, outpatient, and pediatric departments accounted for more than 50%. The top 3 complaints were doctors (n = 778, 53%), logistics (n = 284, 19%), and nurses (n = 239, 16%). The main way to resolve complaints was letter and telephone feedback (n = 1372, 92.6%). Our research recommends that new hospitals change their concepts, pay more attention to the services and quality of medical resources and logistical support, follow the best practices of patient-centered, perfect various medical complaint channels, and establish multiple methods. They should also properly accept and dispose medical complaints, improve the timeliness and feedback efficiency of responding to medical complaints, strengthen communication, exchange, and dialogue, and improve patients’ medical experience and sense of gain.

Two distinctive CT features, perivascular halo and neovascularity, were commonly observed in patients with idiopathic or heritable pulmonary arterial hypertension and were more frequently graded as severe in patients with BMPR2mutation.

Traditionally, PCV (pneumococcal conjugate vaccine) was prepared by the coupling of aldehyde-activated polysaccharide, with a carrier protein via NaCNBH3 (sodium cyanoborohydride) mediated reductive amination in water. However, the reaction is very slow and may take up to several days, which is a significant burden for pharmaceutical companies. Here we report the detailed reaction process of the reductive amination of structurally reassigned serotype 31 polysaccharide and cross reacting material (CRM197) in an organic solvent (N,N-dimethylformamide, DMF) by using STAB (sodium triacetoxyborohydride). The product has been characterized by size exclusion chromatography, nuclear magnetic resonance and transmission electron microscopy. Compared with the traditional method, the reaction can finish within hours and elicited a comparable immune response. The new strategy has the potential of being applied in the preparation of next-generation polysaccharide conjugate vaccines.

The mechanism of reproductive behavior and sperm competition strategy in Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) has been an interesting topic for quite some time. In the current study, sperm motility pattern and sperm competition in H. armigera were investigated. The majority of apyrene and eupyrene sperm from spermatophore were simultaneously transferred to spermatheca 2 h after copulation. During 3–24 h after copulation, the amounts of apyrene and eupyrene sperm both sharply decreased and only approximately one seventh of one ejaculate remained stable. We used highly variable microsatellite loci to survey 13 families with a total of 379 offspring (mean 29.2 per family). In 8 of 13 families, all offspring were assigned to the last male, and 85.9% of offspring were sired by the last male in total. The possible mechanism of sperm competition in H. armigera encompassed the combined effects of both relatively fixed volume of sperm storage by females and the displacement of sperm from the formerly mated males. This study provides insight into the mechanism underlying sperm precedence in H. armigera, and it is important for potential control of the cotton bollworm.

Light is a major environmental signal for insect circadian. In this study, we isolated two cryptochrome (cry) genes from Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and RACE-PCR strategies, designated as Ha-cry1 (GenBank accession GQ896502) and Ha-cry2 (GenBank accession GQ896503). Ha-CRY1 encoded a fly-like protein of 548 amino acids, while Ha-CRY2 encoded a mammal-like protein of 657 amino acids. Both of these proteins had two conserved domains: a DNA photolyase domain and a flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) binding seven domain, and alignment of the amino acid sequence indicated that there was a high degree of homology between the CRYs of H. armigera and other insects. Real-time polymerase chain reaction revealed that: 1) Ha-cry1 and Ha-cry2 mRNA expressions were neither organ-specific nor developmental-stage-specific. 2) Under the light–dark cycle (16:8 L:D), Ha-cry1 abundance tended to increase during the day, then decrease in the night, whereas the expression pattern of Ha-cry2 was opposite. 3) The cyclings of Ha-cry1 and Ha-cry2 expression were disturbed by constant light and darkness. Our study has significant importance for the further study of the functions of the Ha-cry genes and potential control of the cotton bollworm.