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Partial nitritation (PN) is an important partner with anammox in the sidestream line treating high-strength wastewater and primarily contributes to nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions in such a hybrid system, which also suffers from ubiquitous microplastics because of the growing usage and disposal levels of plastics. In this study, the influences of polyvinyl chloride microplastics (PVC-MPs) on N2O-contributing pathways were experimentally revealed to fill the knowledge gap on N2O emission from the PN system under microplastics stress. The long-term results showed that the overall PN performance was hardly affected by the low-dose PVC-MPs (0.5 mg/L) while obviously deteriorated by the high dose (5 mg/L). According to the batch tests, PVC-MPs reduced biomass-specific ammonia oxidation rates (AORs) by 5.78–21.94% and stimulated aerobic N2O production by 9.22–88.36%. Further, upon increasing dissolved oxygen concentrations from 0.3 to 0.9 mg O2/L, the degree of AOR inhibition increased but that of N2O stimulation was lightened. Site preference analysis in combination with metabolic inhibitors demonstrated that the contributions of hydroxylamine oxidation and heterotrophic denitrification to N2O production at 0.3 mg O2/L were enhanced by 18.84 and 10.34%, respectively, accompanied by a corresponding decreased contribution of nitrifier denitrification. Finally, the underlying mechanisms proposed for negative influences of PVC-MPs were bisphenol A leaching and reactive oxygen species production, which led to more cell death, altered sludge properties, and reshaped microbial communities, further resulting in enhanced N2O emission. Overall, this work implied that the ubiquitous microplastics are a hidden danger that cannot be ignored in the PN system.

This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of major types of mind-body exercises (MBEs) on health-related outcomes in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Seven major electronic databases were systematically searched from inception to January 3, 2023. Fifteen studies consisting of ten randomized controlled trials and five controlled clinical trials with a total 651 participants aged 3–17 years were identified. While there was some evidence supporting the positive effects of MBE on behavioral problems in children and adolescents with ASD, there was limited evidence supporting their efficacy on other health-related outcomes such as social communication and cognitive functions. Larger and more robust trials with longer follow-up periods are needed to draw more definitive conclusions.

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has a good curative effect, but its disadvantages include complex components, poor drug stability, potential drug interaction, etc. Therefore, it is particularly important to construct a novel drug delivery system that can load Chinese medicine monomers to solve this problem. Silk fibroin is a kind of natural polymer material with unique properties. It can be used as a carrier material to load Chinese medicine monomers to prepare novel drug delivery systems that significantly affect treating diseases without toxic and side effects. However, there is still a lack of a review on silk fibroin as a carrier material to load Chinese medicine monomers to explore and analyze the current research results and progress. Here, our article focuses on the in-depth excavation and analysis of the recent research on novel drug delivery systems prepared by silk fibroin and TCM monomers. Besides, the characteristics, existing problems, and prospects of silk fibroin are discussed and explained. It is hoped that this research can provide a reference and basis for the modernization of TCM, the design of novel drug delivery systems, the research and development of new drugs in the future, and contribute to the innovation of silk protein.

The mean spectral (MS) features were extracted from Raman scattering images (RSI) of beef samples over the region of interest covering the spectral range of 789−1710cm^−1 and the spatial offset range of 0–5 mm (for two sides of the incident laser). The RSI monitored the main change in the protein, amide bands, lipids, and amino acid residues. The classification model performance based on MS features compared the conventional Raman spectral features and confirmed the usefulness of RSI. Finally, the results showed that RSI technology is a reliable tool for rapid and noninvasive detection of restructured beef.

Meeting the 24-h movement guidelines (i.e., physical activity, sedentary behavior, sleep) could generate health benefits to people with disabilities. However, no systematic reviews or meta-analyses have examined the prevalence of meeting these guidelines and associations with health indicators in this group.

The long and intricate domestication history of the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) includes selection sweeps that have not been fully explored, and these sweeps show significant evolutionary trajectories of domestication traits. Using three distinct selection strategies, we represented comprehensive selected sweeps from 53 Solanum pimpinellifolium(PIM) and 166 S. lycopersicum(BIG) accessions, which are defined as pseudo-domestication in this study. We identified 390 potential selection sweeps, some of which had a significant impact on fruit-related traits and were crucial to the pseudo-domestication process. During tomato pseudo-domestication, we discovered a minor–effect allele of the SlLEAgene related to fruit weight (FW), as well as the major haplotypes of fw2.2/cell number regulator(CNR), fw3.2/SlKLUH, and fw11.3/cell size regulator(CSR) in cultivars. Furthermore, 18 loci were found to be significantly associated with FW and six fruit-related agronomic traits in genome-wide association studies. By examining population differentiation, we identified the causative variation underlying the divergence of fruit flavonoids across the large-fruited tomatoes and validated BRI1-EMS-SUPPRESSOR 1.2(SlBES1.2), a gene that may affect flavonoid content by modulating the MYB12expression profile. Our results provide new research routes for the genetic basis of fruit traits and excellent genomic resources for tomato genomics-assisted breeding.