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The objective of this study is to compare efficacy with different treatment sequences and lines of treatment among BRAF V600 mutated (BRAF+) advanced melanoma patients with immunotherapies (IO) and targeted therapies (TT) using real-world data. This was a retrospective cohort study using the Novartis BRAF+ meLanoma patients ObsErvational database, the harmonized customized data from Flatiron and ConcertAI. The study included BRAF+ advanced unresectable melanoma patients treated with first-line (1L) IO or TT between 1 January 2014 and 31 May 2020. Patient characteristics and treatment patterns were described. Kaplan–Meier curves and propensity score-adjusted Cox models were used for analyzing progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). A total of 1961 patients were included, of which, 57.2% received IO and 42.8% received TT on 1L therapy. Overall, 603 patients initiated a 2L therapy: 56.2% IO and 43.8% TT. Regardless of treatment sequence, patients progressed at a relatively similar rate with no significant difference between groups (median PFS: 12.9 months for 1L TT/2L IO and 13.1 months for 1L IO/2L TT; HR, 0.84; P= 0.137). The 2-year OS rate was also similar with 1L TT/2L IO and 1L IO/2L TT (78% vs. 80%; HR, 1.09; P= 0.730). PFS was worse on 2L therapy compared with 1L (median 4.7 vs. 6.5 months). Efficacy on 2L therapy was poor compared with 1L. Among patients who received 2L therapy, regardless of treatment sequences, outcomes were comparable between 1L TT/2L IO and 1L IO/2L TT in this study that reflects real-world experiences beyond clinical trial selective eligibility criteria.

Introduction: Extracorporeal photopheresis (ECP) is an immunotherapeutic procedure approved in the US for the treatment of skin manifestations of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL); in Europe, ECP is also used for the treatment of additional conditions such as graft versus host disease (GvHD), organ transplant rejection, and selected autoimmune diseases. Developments in immune system/cell biology and publications of real-world ECP data have advanced the understanding of the effects of ECP as a cell-based immunomodulator. The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) CTCL Treatment Guidelines as well as the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) recommend ECP as systemic therapy, which can be used in combination with interferon and/or a retinoid. The objective of this study was to analyze real-world use of ECP in the treatment of patients with CTCL in the US between 2010 and 2015.