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Researchers from the University of Dhaka conducted a study on the radioactivity levels of Ra-226, Ra-228, K-40, and H-3 in bottled mineral water, groundwater sources in Dhaka, and water samples from a nuclear site in Savar, Bangladesh. The study found that the activity concentrations of these radionuclides exceeded acceptable thresholds set by the WHO, with Ra-228 being identified as the main contributor to radiation risk in the water sources. The research also included spatial mapping of radionuclide contents in groundwater and statistical analyses such as one-way ANOVA and Pearson's correlation analysis. [Extracted from the article]

The article reports on new study findings from the National Center for Environmental Health at the CDC, focusing on analytical methods for Iridium-192 (Ir-192) determination. Topics include the development of methods for radiological threat agents, the comparison of High Purity Germanium (HPGe) and Liquid Scintillation Counting (LSC) for Ir-192 quantification, and the effectiveness of these methods in public health radiological emergencies.

A recent study conducted by researchers from Monash University in Melbourne, Australia, explored the entry of cannabidiol (CBD) into the fetal, postnatal, and adult rat brain. CBD is a major component of cannabis and has been attributed with various properties such as anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-cancer, anti-seizure, and anxiolytic effects. The study found that CBD rapidly entered both the developing and adult brains, although its entry into cerebrospinal fluid was more limited. The transfer of CBD across the placenta was also restricted, with only about 50% of maternal blood plasma concentration detected in fetal plasma. The study also identified the expression of 13 main CBD receptors in different brain tissues and at different developmental stages, suggesting that CBD may have different functional effects in the fetal brain compared to the adult brain. [Extracted from the article]

Keywords for this news article include: University of Hafr Al Batin, Tritium, Radioisotopes, Radiation Medicine, Health and Medicine. Keywords: Health and Medicine; Radiation Medicine; Radioisotopes; Tritium EN Health and Medicine Radiation Medicine Radioisotopes Tritium 7202 7202 1 08/14/23 20230818 NES 230818 2023 AUG 18 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Health & Medicine Week -- Researchers detail new data in radiation medicine. [Extracted from the article]

Keywords: Arthritis; Connective Tissue Cells; Fibroblasts; Health and Medicine; Musculoskeletal Diseases and Conditions; Osteoarthritis; Peptides; Peptides and Proteins; Proteins; Proteomics EN Arthritis Connective Tissue Cells Fibroblasts Health and Medicine Musculoskeletal Diseases and Conditions Osteoarthritis Peptides Peptides and Proteins Proteins Proteomics 711 711 1 07/17/23 20230721 NES 230721 2023 JUL 21 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Genomics & Genetics Weekly -- New research on osteoarthritis is the subject of a new report. According to the news editors, the research concluded: "LPC species are likely to modulate FLS protein expression only in more advanced OA stages with low IL-1b levels. [Extracted from the article]

Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China, Asia, Cancer Research, Drugs and Therapies, Health and Medicine, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacology Keywords: Zhengzhou; People's Republic of China; Asia; Cancer Research; Drugs and Therapies; Health and Medicine; Pharmacokinetics; Pharmacology EN Zhengzhou People's Republic of China Asia Cancer Research Drugs and Therapies Health and Medicine Pharmacokinetics Pharmacology 742 742 1 04/17/23 20230421 NES 230421 2023 APR 18 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Drug Week -- New research on Cancer Research is the subject of a report. Keywords for this news article include: Zhengzhou, People's Republic of China, Asia, Cancer Research, Drugs and Therapies, Health and Medicine, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacology, Zhengzhou University. [Extracted from the article]

The standard three-neutrino oscillation paradigm, associated with small squared mass splittings Δm² ≪ 0.1 eV², has been successfully built up over the last 15 years using solar, atmospheric, long baseline accelerator and reactor neutrino experiments. However, this well-established picture might suffer from anomalous results reported at very short baselines in some of these experiments. If not experimental artifacts, such results could possibly be interpreted as the existence of at least an additional fourth sterile neutrino species, mixing with the known active flavors with an associated mass splitting Δm²new ≫ 0.01 eV² and being insensitive to standard weak interactions. Precision measurements at very short baselines (5–15 m) with intense MeV vε emitters can be used to probe these anomalies. In this article, the expected vε signal and backgrounds of a generic experiment which consists of deploying an intense β− radioactive source inside or in the vicinity of a large liquid scintillator detector are studied. The technical challenges to perform such an experiment are identified, along with quantifying the possible source- and detector-induced systematics and their impact on the sensitivity to the observation of neutrino oscillations at short baselines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We have exposed a dual-phase liquid argon time projection chamber (LAr-TPC) to a low energy pulsed narrow-band neutron beam, produced at the Notre Dame Institute for Structure and Nuclear Astrophysics, to study the scintillation light yield of recoiling nuclei. Liquid scintillation counters were arranged to detect and identify neutrons scattered in the LAr-TPC and to select the energy of the recoiling nuclei. We report the observation of a significant dependence (up to 32%) on the drift field of liquid argon scintillation from nuclear recoils of energies between 10.8 and 49.9 keV. The field dependence is stronger at lower energies. Since it is the first measurement of such an effect in liquid argon, this observation is important because, to date, estimates of the sensitivity of LAr-TPC dark matter searches are based on the assumption that the electric field has only a small effect on the light yield from nuclear recoils. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present the results of global analyses of short-baseline neutrino oscillation data in 3 + 1, 3 + 2 and 3+1 + 1 neutrino mixing schemes. We show that the data do not allow us to abandon the simplest 3 + 1 scheme in favor of the more complex 3 + 2 and 3 + 1 + 1 schemes. We present the allowed region in the 3 + 1 parameter space, which is located at Δm41² between 0.82 and 2.19 eV² at 3s. The case of no oscillations is disfavored by about 6s, which decreases dramatically to about 2s if the Liquid Scintillating Neutrino Detector (LSND) data are not considered. Hence, new high-precision experiments are needed to check the LSND signal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The recent long-term shutdown of Japanese nuclear reactors has resulted in a significantly reduced reactor v̄e flux at KamLAND. This running condition provides a unique opportunity to confirm and constrain backgrounds for the reactor v̄e oscillation analysis. The data set also has improved sensitivity for other v̄e signals, in particular v̄e's produced in β-decays from 238U and 232Th within the Earth's interior, whose energy spectrum overlaps with that of reactor v̄e's. Including constraints on θ13 from accelerator and short-baseline reactor neutrino experiments, a combined three-flavor analysis of solar and KamLAND data gives fit values for the oscillation parameters of tan²θ12 = 0.436-0.025+0.029, Δm212 = 7.53-0.18+0.18 × 10-5 eV², and sin²θ13 = 0.023-0.002+0.002. Assuming a chondritic Th/U mass ratio, we obtain 116-27+28 v̄e events from 238U and 232Th, corresponding to a geo v̄e flux of 3.4-0.8 +0.8 × 106 cm- 2s- 1 at the KamLAND location. We evaluate various bulk silicate Earth composition models using the observed geo v̄e rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The construction of the Agua Negra tunnels that will link Argentina and Chile under the Andes, the world's longest mountain range, opens the possibility of building the first deep underground laboratory in the Southern Hemisphere. This laboratory has the acronym ANDES (Agua Negra Deep Experiment Site) and its overburden could be as large as ~1.7 km of rock, or 4500 mwe, providing an excellent low background environment to study physics of rare events like the ones induced by neutrinos and/or dark matter. In this paper we investigate the physics potential of a few kiloton size liquid scintillator detector, which could be constructed in the ANDES laboratory as one of its possible scientific programs. In particular, we evaluate the impact of such a detector for the studies of geoneutrinos and Galactic supernova neutrinos, assuming a fiducial volume of 3 kilotons as a reference size. We emphasize the complementary roles of such a detector to the ones of the Northern Hemisphere neutrino facilities, given the advantages of its geographical location. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The NA62 experiment at CERN SPS is aimed at measuring the rare decay . This poses very stringent requirements on the particle identification capabilities of the apparatus in order to reject the overwhelming and background. In particular, a rejection at level of is needed to complement the kinematical rejection of events. In order to have a full acceptance from 0 to 50 mrad, partly covered by NA48 liquid Kripton calorimeter, a set of veto anti-counters should be placed along the vacuum decay tank, to catch large angle photons with a detection efficiency better than in a wide energy range: from few hundreds MeV to 35 GeV. Intense R&D programs have been carried out in order to study different technological solutions: a lead-scintillating fibers calorimeter, lead-scintillator sandwich calorimeter and finally an original re-use of the existing barrel of the OPAL lead-glass electromagnetic calorimeter. We present the results on detector performances and compare the three solutions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Evaluates the development of radiocarbon dating. Developers of radiocarbon dating; Sequences in radiocarbon dating; Anti coincidence counting technique; Proportional gas and liquid scintillation counting; Radiocarbon time calibration.

We focus on the physics potential of a large liquid scintillation detector in the field of low energy neutrino astrophysics. Proton decay search and long baseline oscillations will be discussed briefly at the end. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

If unparticle operators couple to fermions they may induce long-range forces that can cause great changes in the neutrino evolution in matter, in particular, in the Sun. Current data from solar neutrino experiments and KamLAND allow us to place stringent limits on those new interactions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

We discuss a novel paradigm in the optical readout of scintillation radiation detectors. In one common configuration, such detectors are homogeneous and the scintillation light is collected and recorded by external photodetectors. It is usually assumed that imaging in such a photon-starved and large-emittance regime is not possible. Here we show that the appropriate optics, matched with highly segmented photodetector coverage and dedicated reconstruction software, can be used to produce images of the radiation-induced events. In particular, such a "distributed imaging" system can discriminate between events produced as a single cluster and those resulting from more delocalized energy depositions. This is crucial in discriminating many common backgrounds at MeV energies. With the use of simulation, we demonstrate the performance of a detector augmented with a practical, if preliminary, set of optics. Finally, we remark that this new technique lends itself to be adapted to different detector sizes and briefly discuss the implications for a number of common applications in science and technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the frame of the LVD experimental program in the INFN Gran Sasso National Laboratory (LNGS), we performed a 3-ton Gd experiment, by loading (up to 0.1% in weight) the LVD organic liquid scintillator with a Gd organic salt developed and produced as the result of a joint INFN/INR research activity. Performances, feasibility and preliminary results on stability have been presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Borexino is a massive calorimetric liquid scintillation detector whose installation has been completed in the underground Gran Sasso Laboratory. The focus of the experiment is on the direct and real time measurement of the flux of neutrinos produced in the 7 Be electron capture reaction in the Sun. Furthermore, recent studies about the reduction of the 11 C background through suitable rejection techniques demonstrated the possibility to open an interesting additional observation window in the energy region of the pep and CNO solar neutrinos. Beyond the solar neutrino program, the detector will be also a powerful observatory for antineutrinos from Supernovae, as well as for geoneutrinos, profiting from a very low background from nuclear reactors. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Data from the Kamioka Liquid scintillator Anti-Neutrino Detector (KamLAND) have been analyzed to search for the signature of neutrons disappearing to invisible channels. Improved limits have recently been set by KamLAND on these nucleon decay lifetimes. This poster presented the data analysis that resulted in these limits, as well as the ongoing research that aims to improve the calibrations and efficiency estimates for further nucleon decay searches with KamLAND. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]