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Objectives To investigate the prognosis and quality of life for primary malignant maxillary sinus tumors.Methods This was a retrospective analysis. 164 patients diagnosed with primary malignant maxillary sinus tumors between 2005 and 2018 were recruited. Patients were treated according to the pathological type and the lesion range. Prognostic differences of different pathological types, surgical resection methods, repair methods, treatment methods, and different local recurrence sites were analyzed. Survival analysis and prognostic factors analysis were performed.Results Overall survival (OS) rate was 74.7% at 3 years, 60.5% at 5 years, and 45.8% at 10 years. Disease-free survival (DFS) rate was 67.2% at 3 years, 45.6% at 5 years, and 30.8% at 10 years. There was significant difference in OS rate among different pathological types (χ2= 14.18, P < 0.05). The order of 5-year OS rate was as follows: malignant transformation of inverted Papilloma (77.7%) > adenoid cystic carcinoma (74.1%) > squamous cell carcinoma (48.4%) > sarcoma (22.1%). The order of disease-free survival was as follows: total maxillary resection > subtotal maxillary resection > endoscopic nasal tumor resection ≥enlarged maxillary resection, the 5-year DFS rate were 68.6%, 53.5%, 46.2%, and 42.9%, respectively. The OS of postoperative radiotherapy was significantly better than that of preoperative radiotherapy (χ2= 7.16, P < 0.05). There was significant difference in OS between recurrent and non-recurrent patients (χ2= 68.57, P < 0.05).Conclusions The pathological type and the timing of radiotherapy are independent prognostic factors for primary malignant tumor of maxillary sinus. In addition, different local surgical resection methods are independent factors affecting the recurrence rate.

The health and function of ecosystems are largely determined by the quality of habitat, and the optimal regulation of landscape patterns has become an important way to improve regional habitat quality. This article takes the Poyang Lake Basin of China as a case, reveals the spatial and temporal change of its habitat quality at the small watershed scale, and attempts to examine the multidimensional response of habitat quality to landscape pattern changes with respect to landscape compositions and landscape configuration. The results show: 1) from 2000 to 2020, the overall landscape fragmentation of the basin decreased, the landscape aggregation in the central small watersheds changed significantly, and the spatial distribution of landscape elements in the central and southern small watersheds were relatively homogeneous. 2) The overall habitat quality of the Poyang Lake Basin is at a middle to high level, with significant spatial differentiation, showing the distribution characteristics of ‘high in the periphery, low in the center, high in the south and low in the north’. 3) Both landscape compositions and landscape configurations influenced habitat quality, but there were obvious differences in the response degree. From the landscape composition and configuration dimension, the influence of landscape composition on habitat quality was greater than that of landscape configuration; from the multilevel landscape configuration dimension, compared to landscape level, landscape configuration at the class level impacted habitat quality more deeply. To the end, this article proposes a differentiated regulation strategy for habitat quality conservation in small watersheds from the perspective of landscape patterns to improve the ecological service level of Poyang Lake Basin.

Background The prognostic factors and survival difference between inverted papilloma (IP)-associated sinonasal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and de novo SCC are unclear.Objective This study aimed to compare the clinical features and oncologic outcomes in patients with IP-associated SCC and de novo SCC; and additionally, to analyze the prognostic factors of the two types of SCCs.Methods Data from 173 SCC patients treated for IP-associated SCC (n = 89) and de novo SCC (n = 84), were reviewed retrospectively for demographic features, tumor characteristics, treatment modality, and clinical outcomes. 5-year overall survival (OS) and disease free survival (DFS) was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method, and Cox proportional hazards model was used to analyze factors influencing prognosis.Results A higher proportion of IP-associated SCC occurred in frontal and sphenoid sinus compared to de novo SCC. The two groups demonstrated similar 5-year OS and DFS (5-year OS: 63.3% and 55.4%, DFS: 45.4% and 50.1%, respectively). The metachronous tumor had a relatively better prognosis outcome than synchronous tumor and de novo SCC (5-year OS: 73.1%, 54.5% and 55.4%, respectively). Both groups showed similar loco-regional recurrence rates (p> 0.05); however, de novo SCC tumors demonstrated an increased incidence of distant metastasis. Multivariate analysis indicated that age >70 years, advanced tumor stage and surgical margin were independent predictive factors for the risk of mortality (HR 2.047, 1.581 and 1.931, respectively).Conclusion IP-associated SCCs have an aggressive loco-regional tendency, whereas de novo SCCs have a higher aggressive distant metastatic propensity. Age, tumor stage and surgical positive margin are key factors for poor prognosis and should be routinely taken into consideration during treatment planning and subsequent surveillance.

In situ IR was used to precisely prepare high-purity diphenylmethyl 6α-bromopenicillanate 8, a key intermediate of tazobactam. 8was obtained when 6α-bromopenicillanic acid 2reacted with diphenyldiazomethane (DDM). 2is unstable and must therefore react immediately with DDM upon preparation. DDM is also unstable. As DDM decomposes rapidly upon preparation, the DDM content cannot be precisely determined using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) or gas chromatography (GC). Therefore, good yield and purity are difficult to obtain, resulting in large batch-to-batch variations (yield 69.3–82.8%, purity 89.8–98.4%) for 8. The developed preparation method for 8involved the use of in situ IR to monitor the reaction process and achieved good results (82.7–83.1% yield and 97.3–98.5% purity). This method was also used to prepare the key intermediate for the synthesis of cephalosporin derivatives, which have high industrial value.

To investigate the expressions of MAPK10, c-Jun and Itga6 in laryngeal carcinoma and its influence on the sensitivity to docetaxel, cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil (TPF) chemotherapy.

As there is no measure available in Chinese for assessing orthorexia nervosa (ON), and as the Düsseldorf Orthorexia Scale (DOS) has demonstrated to be a valid measure for such a purpose, the current study aimed to obtain a Chinese version of the DOS (C-DOS), to evaluate psychometric properties of the C-DOS in a sample of Chinese university students, and to explore the prevalence of ON among the participants. According to standard procedures, the C-DOS was obtained and administered to 1075 mainland Chinese university students (52.7% female) recruited from two provinces in mainland China. To examine the factor structure of the C-DOS, the total sample was split into two halves, one for exploratory factor analysis, and the other for confirmatory factor analysis. The ordinal alpha and test–retest reliability were examined. Convergent and divergent validity was assessed by conducting Pearson correlation analyses between the C-DOS and other theoretically related/unrelated measures. Prevalence of ON was estimated based on the total score of the C-DOS with the cutoff value of 30. A three-factor structure was revealed for the C-DOS. The C-DOS showed good internal consistency with an ordinal alpha of 0.80, and it also had good test–retest reliability of 0.77. The total scores of the C-DOS had strong and statistically significant positive correlations with eating inflexibility, while the total scores had weak correlations with other eating disturbances. Strong measurement invariance across gender groups was also supported. The prevalence of ON was 7.8% with males showing higher rates of ON than females (10.6% vs. 5.3%). The Chinese version of the DOS (C-DOS) was psychometrically adequate for the sample of Chinese students. Given the high prevalence of ON found in the current study, more attention to ON, as well as further research and potential interventions, are warranted in China. Descriptive (cross-sectional) study, Level V.

The therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)–material constructs mainly come from the secretion of trophic factors from MSCs, especially the immunomodulatory and angiogenic cytokines. Recent findings indicate the significance of topographical cues from these materials in modulating paracrine functions of MSCs. Here, we developed functionalized three-dimensional-printed bioceramic (BC) scaffolds with a mussel-inspired surface coating in order to regulate the paracrine function of adipose-derived MSCs (Ad-MSCs). We found that Ad-MSCs cultured on polydopamine-modified BC scaffolds (DOPA-BC) significantly produced more immunomodulatory and pro-angiogenic factors when compared with those cultured on BC scaffolds or microplates. Functional assays, such as endothelial progenitor cells migration, tube formation, and macrophage polarization, were performed to confirm the enhanced paracrine functions of the secreted trophic factors from Ad-MSCs cultured on DOPA-BC scaffolds. Further investigation identified that both focal adhesion kinase- and extracellular signal-related kinase signaling were the required mechano-transduction pathways through which the mussel-inspired surface stimulated the paracrine effect of Ad-MSCs. In a diabetic skin-defect-healing model in rats, conditioned medium received from the Ad-MSCs cultured on DOPA-BC sped wound closure, enhanced vascularization, and promoted macrophage switching from a proinflammatory M1 to a pro-healing and anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype in the wound bed. These results demonstrate that a bio-inspired coating with polydopamine represents an effective method to enhance the paracrine function of MSCs. Our findings illustrate a novel strategy to accelerate tissue regeneration by guiding the paracrine-signaling network.

Bioethanol is currently the only alternative to gasoline that can be used immediately without having to make any significant changes in the way fuel is distributed. In addition, the carbon dioxide (CO2) released during the combustion of bioethanol is the same as that used by the plant in the atmosphere for its growth, so it does not participate in the increase of the greenhouse effect. Bioethanol can be obtained by fermentation of plants containing sucrose (beet, sugar cane…) or starch (wheat, corn…). However, large-scale use of bioethanol implies the use of very large agricultural surfaces for maize or sugarcane production. Lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) such as agricultural residues for the production of bioethanol seems to be a solution to this problem due to its high availability and low cost even if its growth still faces technological difficulties. In this review, we present an overview of lignocellulosic biomass, the different methods of pre-treatment of LCB and the various fermentation processes that can be used to produce bioethanol from LCB.

Determination of human papillomavirus (HPV) status has become clinically relevant for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients. p16 immunohistochemistry is one of the recommended methods for classifying HPV status. However, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and related competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks linked to different p16-status HNSCC are still absent.In the present study, The Cancer Genome Atlas database provided RNA profiles as well as clinical information from 26 p16-positive HNSCC samples, 71 p16-negative HNSCC samples, and 44 adjacent normal control samples. Differentially expressed RNAs (DERNAs) between HNSCC samples and normal samples were identified by limma package in R. Functional enrichment analysis of differentially expressed mRNAs was performed using Clusterprofiler package in R. Survival analysis of DERNAs was carried out by survival package in R. The ceRNA network was constructed using GDCRNATools package in R.A total of 102 lncRNAs, 196 microRNAs (miRNAs), and 2282 mRNAs were identified as p16-positive-specific DERNAs. There were 90 lncRNAs, 153 miRNAs, and 2038 mRNAs were identified as p16-negative-specific DERNAs. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that the differentially expressed mRNAs in the p16-positive and the p16-negative group were mainly enriched in the “DNA replication” and “extracellular matrix -receptor interaction” pathway, respectively. Among the top 25 DERNAs, there were 1 key lncRNA, 1 key miRNA, and 1 key messenger RNA in the p16-positive group and 2 key lncRNAs, 1 key miRNA, and 2 key mRNAs in the p16-negative group were significantly related to the overall survival. Then the ceRNA network in the p16-positive and p16-negative group was constructed. There were 5 lncRNAs, 16 miRNAs, and 66 mRNAs included in the p16-positive group ceRNA network and 1 lncRNA, 4 miRNAs, and 28 mRNAs included in the p16-negative group ceRNA network. Among the RNAs in the ceRNA network, 5 mRNAs were significantly related to the overall survival.Taken together, we revealed the differential RNA expression profiling and the differential ceRNA network in the p16-positive and p16-negative group of HNSCC. Our findings provided a novel insight into this HPV-related cancer and potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for HNSCC based on p16 status.