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In this paper, comprehensive utilisation of hydrometallurgy zinc residue, goethite especially, was proposed. The raw material used in this study was mixed residue while the mass ratio of goethite and lead–silver residue was fixed at 4:1. Based on the characters of mixed residue, the top blowing fuming method was taken by using induction furnace. The effects of parameters such as CaO/SiO2(0·61–0·91), C/feed mass ratio (18–26%) and reduction time (20–60 min) had been studied. Under the optimum conditions (CaO/SiO2?=?0·71; C/feed mass ratio of 24%; reduction time of 50 min), the average fuming efficiency of zinc, lead and sliver in the mixed residue could reach up to 97·2, 98·1 and 82% respectively.

The main purpose of this article is to demonstrate that solvent refining in combination with directional solidification can be used for preparation of high purity metallurgical grade silicon for solar cells. Silicon was alloyed with copper and grew under different solidification rates from Si–Cu alloy melt. A detailed analysis of the microstructures and morphologies of Si–Cu alloy has been carried out, focusing on the distribution characteristic of representative impurities affected by solidification rate. The experimental results indicated that copper addition promotes segregation of metal impurities Fe, Al and Ca from metallurgical grade silicon, and the purification effect is more pronounced with the solidification rate decreases. It was also determined that the representative non-metallic impurity phosphorus has a remarkable separation performance after alloying with copper, which can be helpful for the phosphorus removal.

This study investigated the relationship between a cathepsin K (CTSK)gene mutation and the pathogenesis of pycnodysostosis in a Chinese patient. A typical pycnodysostosis case and 30 healthy controls were enrolled into the study. Genomic DNA was extracted from blood samples taken from the patient and controls, and the encoding exons of CTSKwere amplified and sequenced. Sequencing of the CTSKgene revealed homozygosity for a novel missense mutation in the pycnodysostosis patient, predicting the amino acid exchange from glutamine to proline at position 187 (Q187P). This point mutation in exon 5 of the CTSKgene results in the typical clinical features found in Chinese patients with pycnodysostosis. No similar changes in the CTSKgene sequences were found in the healthy controls.

The viscosity of high titanium slag at high temperature is one of the key factors of slag-iron separation. Based on the Einstein-Roscoe equation, thermodynamic simulation of viscosity of TiO2-Ti2O3-CaO ternary slag is studied by using FactSage(r) software, and the effects of temperature, CaO content and solid-phase particles on the viscosity of slag were studied. The results show that the increase of CaO content has the effect of reducing melting temperature and viscosity of TiO2-Ti2O3-CaO ternary slag. After the TiO2-Ti2O3-CaO ternary slag is completely melted, the increase of temperature has little effect on viscosity of slag, and the viscosity is about 110~125mPa*s. When the temperature is lower than melting temperature, TiO2-Ti2O3-CaO ternary slag will precipitate solid-phase particles, and the precipitation process is carried out in stages, and with the decrease of temperature, the precipitation will increase and the viscosity will sharply increase. TiO2-Ti2O3-CaO ternary titanium slag has obvious characteristics of short slag.