Search

The accurate prediction of photovoltaic (PV) power generation is an important basis for hybrid grid scheduling. With the expansion of the scale of PV power plants and the popularization of distributed PV, this study proposes a multilayer PV power generation prediction model based on transfer learning to solve the problems of the lack of data on new PV bases and the low accuracy of PV power generation prediction. The proposed model, called DRAM, concatenates a dilated convolutional neural network (DCNN) module with a bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) module, and integrates an attention mechanism. First, the processed data are input into the DCNN layer, and the dilation convolution mechanism captures the spatial features of the wide sensory field of the input data. Subsequently, the temporal characteristics between the features are extracted in the BiLSTM layer. Finally, an attention mechanism is used to strengthen the key features by assigning weights to efficiently construct the relationship between the features and output variables. In addition, the power prediction accuracy of the new PV sites was improved by transferring the pre-trained model parameters to the new PV site prediction model. In this study, the pre-training of models using data from different source domains and the correlations between these pre-trained models and the target domain were analyzed.

Gas hydrates, crystalline compounds formed from water and guest molecules like methane, are gaining attention as a promising clean energy source. While research has extensively focused on the extraction and transport of natural gas hydrates from offshore marine sediments, the dynamic processes in the porous sediments remain under explored. This study employs low-field Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) to investigate the in-situ formation and dissociation of methane hydrate within a partially saturated stack of glass beads. By integrating advanced MRI techniques, including 1D dhk SPRITE, bulk T1distribution, and 2D spatial T2imaging, this research provides a comprehensive analysis of fluid distribution and migration during phase transitions in the porous sediments. Three key findings emerged from the study. First, SE-SPI measurements successfully quantified hydrate and residual water saturation, aligning with previous X-ray CT and high-field MRI studies and validating low-field MRI for hydrate research. Secondly, this study introduced a volumetric approach to T1and T2measurements, distinguishing between free and bound water, with characteristic relaxation times for each, confirming the technique's capability to differentiate types of residual water. Finally, spatially resolved T2relaxation time distributions revealed vertical fluid migration within the pore spaces, identifying an equilibrium zone where inflow and outflow rates were balanced. Overall, this study underscores the effectiveness of low-field MRI as a noninvasive tool for analyzing hydrate-bearing sediments. The findings lay the groundwork for further exploration of hydrate in porous sediments, enhancing our understanding of gas production dynamics in hydrate-rich environments.

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a multifaceted threat to the human, animal, and environment sectors. In response, China has formulated a series of policies since the 2000s. Thus far, there has been no comprehensive assessment of these policy documents. This study aims to review the content of AMR policy documents at the national level using a governance framework covering three areas: Policy Design; Implementation Tools; and Monitoring and Evaluation. We identified 44 AMR documents from 2003 to 2022 sourced from government agency websites. Our findings have revealed noticeable discrepancies across the three governance areas. The Policy Designand Monitoring and Evaluationareas should be strengthened, particularly in the domains of ‘Coordination’, ‘Accountability’, ‘Sustainability’, and ‘Effectiveness’. From a ‘One Health’ perspective, the environment sector has received less attention compared to the human and animal sectors. Effectively addressing these challenges requires a stronger commitment and widespread support from diverse stakeholders.

Novel H3PW12O40-MIL-101(Cr)/TiO2nanofibrous catalysts with outstanding deep-desulfurization performance were successfully obtained via electrospinning combined with a one-pot hydrothermal method in this study. The crystal phase of TiO2as well as the morphology and composition structure of H3PW12O40-MIL-101(Cr)/TiO2nanofibrous catalysts were characterized, and the desulfurization performance of H3PW12O40-MIL-101(Cr)/TiO2nanofibrous catalysts was extensively studied. At an O/S molar ratio of 4:1, 99% desulfurization efficiency could be achieved at 50 °C using 0.02 g of n[H3PW12-MIL-101(Cr)]/m(TiO2) (n/m= 1:5.78) nanofibers as catalysts within 180 min. Further, the recyclability of catalysts and potential mechanism of the desulfurization reaction were analyzed in detail.

ABSTRACTRotavirus vaccination is the most effective means to prevent rotavirus gastroenteritis, but its coverage in China is not ideal. We aimed to explore parental preferences for rotavirus vaccination for their children under 5years old to improve vaccination coverage. A Discrete Choice Experiment was conducted online on 415 parents with at least one child under 5years old in 3 cities. Five attributes including vaccine effectiveness, protection duration, risk of mild side-effects, out-of-pocket costs, and time required for vaccination were identified. Each attribute was set at three levels. Mixed-logit models were used to measure parental preferences and the relative importance of vaccine attributes. The optimal vaccination strategy was also explored. 359 samples were included in the analysis. The impacts of the vaccine attribute levels on vaccine choice were all statistically significant (p < .01), except for 1-hour vaccination time. The risk of mild side-effects was the most important factor influencing vaccination. The time required for vaccination was the least important attribute. The largest increase in vaccination uptake (74.45%) occurred with decreased the vaccine risk of mild side-effects from 1/10 to 1/50. The predicted vaccination uptake of the optimal vaccination scenario was 91.79%. When deciding about vaccination, parents preferred the rotavirus vaccination with lower risk of mild side-effects, higher effectiveness, longer protection duration, 2-hour vaccination time and lower cost. The authorities should support enterprises to develop vaccines with lower side-effects, higher effectiveness and longer protection duration in the future. We call for appropriate government subsidies for the rotavirus vaccine.

This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-loaded nanobubbles irradiated with low-intensity, low-frequency ultrasound in nude mice with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). A transplanted tumor model of HCC in nude mice was established in 40 mice, which were then randomly divided equally into four groups: group A (saline), group B (5-FU-loaded nanobubbles), group C (5-FU-loaded nanobubbles with non-low-frequency ultrasound), and group D (5-FU-loaded nanobubbles with low-frequency ultrasound). The tumor size in each mouse was observed via ultrasound before and after the treatments. Inhibition of the tumor growth in each group was compared, and survival curves were generated. Tumor tissues were removed to determine the apoptotic index using the TUNEL method and quantitative analysis. Tumor tissues with CD34-positive microvessels were observed by immunohistochemistry, and the tumor microvessel densities were calculated. The growth rate of the tumor volumes in group D was significantly slower than that in the other groups, while the tumor inhibition rates and apoptotic index in group D were significantly higher than those of the other groups. The number of microvessels staining positive for CD34 was decreased in group D. Therefore, group D presented the most significant inhibitory effects. Therefore, 5-FU-loaded nanobubbles subjected to irradiation with low-frequency ultrasound could further improve drug targeting and effectively inhibit the growth of transplanted tumors, which is expected to become an ideal drug carrier and targeted drug delivery system for the treatment of HCC in the future.

Zn-ion batteries (ZIBs) are developing rapidly due to their advantages of safety, moderate energy density, and abundant Zn-metal reserves. However, the dendritic growth and side reactions at the Zn-based anode and the dissolution of metallic elements at transition metal-based cathodes destabilize the electrode/electrolyte interface, which ultimately reduces the electrochemical performance of ZIBs. Herein, an aqueous/organic hybrid electrolyte that endows synergistic cathode/anode interfacial layers is proposed. On the anode, the ZnF2/Zn3(PO4)2-rich film induces the Zn nucleation, enabling a dendrite-free and corrosion-free electrode morphology. On the cathode, in contrast to Zn deposition anomalously on the cathode surface due to underpotential deposition during cycling in the unmodified electrolyte, the obtained interfacial film using the hybrid electrolyte inhibits the dissolution of metallic elements and avoids Zn deposition on the transition metal-based cathode. As a result, a pouch cell with a metallic Zn anode and a LiMn2O4cathode (depth of discharge: 40%) based on the modified electrolyte maintains a capacity of 92 mAh g–1after 235 cycles with a stable and clean cathode/anode interface. This research presents insight into the construction of a stable cathode/anode interface for long-cycling ZIBs.

Purpose. Paclitaxel is currently administered i.v. as a slow infusion of asolution of the drug in an ethanol:surfactant:saline admixture. However,poor solubilization and toxicity are associated with this drug therapy.Alternative drug delivery systems, including parenteral emulsions, areunder development in recent years to reduce drug toxicity, improveefficacy and eliminate premedication. Methods. Paclitaxel emulsions were prepared by high-shearhomogenization. The particle size of the emulsions was measured by dynamiclight scattering. Drug concentration was quantified by HPLC and invitrodrug release was monitored by membrane dialysis. The physicalstability of emulsions was monitored by particle size changes in boththe mean droplet diameter and 99% cumulative distribution. Paclitaxelpotency and changes in the concentration of known degradants wereused as chemical stability indicators. Single dose acute toxicity studieswere conducted in healthy mice and efficacy studies in B16 melanomatumor-bearing mice. Results. QW8184, a physically and chemically stable sub-micronoil-in-water (o/w) emulsion of paclitaxel, can be prepared at high drugloading (8-10 mg/mL) having a mean droplet diameter of <100 nmand 99% cumulative particle size distribution of <200 nm. In vitrorelease studies demonstrated low and sustained drug release both inthe presence and absence of human serum albumin. Based on singledose acute toxicity studies, QW8184 is well tolerated both in miceand rats with about a 3-fold increase in the maximum-tolerated-dose(MTD) over the current marketed drug formulation. Using the B16mouse melanoma model, a significant improvement in drug efficacywas observed with QW8184 over Taxol®. Conclusions. QW8184, a stable sub-micron o/w emulsion of paclitaxelhas been developed that can be filter-sterilized and administered i.v.as a bolus dose. When compared to Taxol®, this emulsion exhibitedreduced toxicity and improved efficacy most likely due to thecomposition and dependent physicochemical characteristics of the emulsion.

A molecular modeling study of two alkaloids, tubulosine and psychotrine, isolated from the sap of Pogonopus speciosus, and other related ipecac alkaloids, showed that these flexible alkaloids favor a nonplanar structure. The biologically active compounds had conformations with a similar angle between aromatic ring A, the nitrogen in ring B, and ring D. This angle was related to the biological activity reported for these compounds. Our results support the hypothesis of two different types of receptor interactions, one for the nonplanar compounds and another for the planar compounds.

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.