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Social media is an emerging tool for scholarship and education; however, there is limited guidance on how to incorporate social media scholarship into one’s curriculum vitae. We outline the importance of recognizing gastroenterology-focused social media scholarship and present a standardized method for reporting.

The 2 most significant complications of colonoscopy with polypectomy are bleeding and perforation. Although the incidence rates are generally low (<1%), these can be avoided by recognizing pertinent risk factors, which can be patient, polyp, and technique/device related. Endoscopists should be equipped to manage bleeding and perforation. Currently available devices and techniques to achieve hemostasis and manage colon perforations are reviewed.

Transient liquid phase bonding of ZK60 magnesium alloy was performed by incorporating aluminium foil as an interlayer, unaided and in combination with graphene nanoplatelets. The solitary incorporation of aluminium foil increased the shear strength of magnesium alloy in comparison to the addition of graphene nanoplatelets with aluminium foil. The fractured surfaces revealed a mixed-mode fracture while the hardness profile across the interface showed the increase in hardness in the bonded region, which was due to the formation of Al12Mg17intermetallic.

Transient liquid phase bonding of ZK60 magnesium alloy was performed by incorporating aluminium foil as an interlayer, unaided and in combination with graphene nanoplatelets. The solitary incorporation of aluminium foil increased the shear strength of magnesium alloy in comparison to the addition of graphene nanoplatelets with aluminium foil. The fractured surfaces revealed a mixed-mode fracture while the hardness profile across the interface showed the increase in hardness in the bonded region, which was due to the formation of Al12Mg17intermetallic.GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

Polyps <10 mm represent an appreciable majority of colon polyps and adenomas found during a routine colonoscopy. Despite their size, removing small polyps can be a frustrating experience if proper technique is not followed. In this review, we discuss the importance of small polyps in the colon and simple tips and tricks to make the resection and retrieval of small polyps quick and seamless.

The reduction of inequalities in access to quality care has been a central tenet of UK health policy. Ethnic minorities may experience additional inequalities because of language and other cultural barriers. This article reports interviewer reflections of conducting interviews with South Asian kidney patients about their experiences of end-of-life care. It explores themes which emerged from the analysis of a focus group held with eight bilingual research interviewers. The relevance of these themes to understanding inequalities and access to end-of-life care is discussed; together with the potential for the research process to contribute to service improvement.

Three groups of 15 male broilers (2 weeks old) were employed as experimental animals. Two isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets, one containing salseed meal (SSM) and the other containing barley (control) as a major energy source were fed to the birds for 4 weeks. These diets were fed ad libitum to the SSM and control groups. In addition, a pair-fed group was fed the control diet at the same intake level as SSM birds. Blood, digesta, mucosa and pancreas samples were collected by killing the birds on days 8, 18 and 28 (five birds per group per slaughter date). Birds fed the ad libitum control diet utilised their feed more efficiently than the SSM and pair-fed birds. Pancreas weight of SSM and pair-fed birds were 3.9 and 2.9 g kg−1liveweight, respectively, compared with 2.4 g kg−1liveweight of those fed ad libitum, indicating that the presence of tannin in the diet and limited feeding induced an enlargement of the pancreas. However, age had a negative linear effect on the relative weight of the pancreas. Unlike trypsin (EC 3.4.21.4), the activity of α-amylase (EC 3.2.1.1) of the birds fed the SSM diet was much lower (81 units g−1pancreatic tissue) than that of birds fed the tannin-free diet ad libitum (178 units g−1pancreatic tissue). Activities of trypsin and α-amylase were markedly lower, 3837 and 186 units g−1dry chyme, respectively, in the jejunal digesta of the birds fed the SSM diet but the linear relationship between the activities of these enzymes and pancreatic tryptic activity was significant. Lower feed intake also caused a reduction in α-amylase activity compared with ad libitum feeding, the activities being 873 and 1365 units g−1dry chyme, respectively. Dipeptidase (EC 3.4.13.11) and disaccharidase activities were significantly depressed in duodenal and jejunal mucosa of the tannin fed birds, the only exception being maltase (EC 3.2.1.20) activity in the jejunal mucosa, which remained unaffected. The linear effect resulted in a gradual increase in the activities of these enzymes with age. The only effect for enterokinase (EC 3.4.21.9) was the higher activity (532 units g−1mucosa) in the duodenal mucosa of the SSM birds than in birds fed the control diet ad libitum (416 units g−1). Concentrations of thyroxine were not affected by treatment or age. The interactions between treatment and time in all instances were non-significant.