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This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy).

AbstractThe leaf essential oil of Ajuga ivagrowing wild in Mascara region situated in the North West of Algeria, has been obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC and GC-MS. We proposed to determine the physicochemical, organoleptic and chemical identification of these components. Twenty two volatile compounds were identified which included: dienestrol (54.04%), eucalyptol (27%), o-xylene (7.98 %), 1-octadecanol (5.80%); 3-carene (4.46%), (E)-2,3,6- trimethoxypentafulvene-1-carbonitrile (4.34%), (-)-spathulenol (1.77%), nonanal (1.24%). The oil from Ajuga ivashowed activities against Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus,Bacillus subtilis,and Pseudomonas aeroginosa.

A 48-year-old woman developed palmoplantar hyperkeratosis during treatment with imatinib (400mg/day) for treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia. After 5months of treatment, she developed plantar lesions with yellow-brownish plaques and palmar desquamations. The skin biopsy has eliminated psoriasis. Imatinib was discontinued, and treatment with an emollient balm and a soothing repair cream with an improvement of symptoms. A French imputability assessment score of I3 was obtained, indicating a probable relationship between the side effect and imatinib. In our case, the skin adverse events require definitive drug discontinuation and change of treatment.

AbstractThe essential oil from the leaves of Rhamnus alaternusL was obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC and GC-MS. Other parameters such as refractive index, optical rotation; density, polarimetric deviation; freezing point and Solubility in ethanol are also measured. 89.2 % of the total peak area were identified. The main constituents of the essential oil were the hydrocarbon and oxygen compounds: Camphene17.63 %, linalool 16.13 %, pulegone 15.01 %, naphthalene 14.66 %, boron trihydro (pyridine), 3.66 %, mequinol 2.77 %, borneol2.13 %. The antibacterial activity of the oil was determined using the agar diffusion method and it was found that it was active against Escherichia coli(ATCC 25923), Salmonella typhimurium(ATCC14028) and Pseudomonas aeroginosa(ATCC 27853).

AbstractThe essential oil of Glycyrrhiza glabraleaves was obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC and GC-MS. Other parameters such as refractive index, optical rotation; density, polarimetric deviation; freezing point and Solubility in ethanol are also measured. The main hydrocarbon and oxygen containing compounds were: Isoniazid (13.36 %) ; Diethyltoluamide (6.56 %), Benzoic acid (5.37 %), Benzene (4.58 %), Linalool (2.25 %), Prasterone (5.63 %), Warfarin (1.43 %), Iodoquinol (1.90 %), Phenol, 4-(2-aminopropyl) (1.30 %). The screening of antibacterial activity was conducted by a disc diffusion test and the minimum inhibitory concentration was determined against Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coliand Staphylococcus aureus.

None of the currently used methods to evaluate bone resorption by osteoclasts cultured on bone substrate measures directly the amounts of degraded bone collagen, which is a direct reflection of the osteoclast “work done.” We therefore propose a reliable biochemical method to evaluate the in vitro collagenolysis process. Bone-resorbing activity was evaluated, after HPLC separation, by fluorimetric measurement of hydroxylysylpyridinoline (HP), a collagen cross-link molecule, released in culture supernatants. We first confirm previous data reporting that HP is released in the culture medium in a peptide-conjugated form. After acid hydrolysis, we show that HP is highly correlated with the lacunae area (r = 0.68, P < 0.0001) and with the amounts of antigenic collagen fragments (Cross-laps for culture) released in culture medium (r = 0.77, P < 0.0002). Using a cysteine protease inhibitor, we observed that lacunae areas are dramatically less inhibited (35% inhibition) than the release of bone-degraded products, including HP and antigenic collagen fragments (96 and 92% inhibition, respectively). Coupled to the resorbed area measurement, biochemical evaluations offer both quantitative and qualitative complementary measurements of the osteoclastic bone-resorbing process. Copyright 2000 Academic Press.

ABSTRACTSignificant progress has been made in recent years in the development of new bone resorption markers, based principally on the urinary excretion of pyridinoline (Pyd) and deoxypyridinoline (Dpd) crosslinks. For their measurement, in spite of the recent development of immunoassays, HPLC remains the method of reference. However, the lack of an appropriate internal standard requires large amounts of pure crosslinks for external standardisation. Herein, we describe an efficient method for the isolation of both crosslinks from bone of adult turkey by isocratic semi-preparative HPLC. Demineralized bone is hydrolysed in hydrochloric acid, 9 M. A first liquid extraction step in butanol allowed to eliminate less polar compounds. The aqueous phase was concentrated and separated by gel filtration on Biogel P2 and eluted by acetic acid solution (10%). Fractions containing pyridinoline were pooled, concentrated, and purified on a CF1 cellulose column. Pyd and Dpd crosslinks were then separated isocratically by HPLC on a C18reversed phase column (Vydac 218 TP 1010, 250×10 mm) and eluted with HFBA as the ion-pairing agent. Retention times of Pyd and DPD were 23.6 and 28.7 min, respectively. Both crosslinks prepared by HPLC were then transformed as hydrochloride to cellulose phosphate and desalted on Sephadex G-10 columns. These two further steps yielded highly purified compounds (the purity was greater than 98% evaluated by aminoacid analysis). In conclusion, the efficiency of this method allows to obtain rapidly Pyd and Dpd without interfering compounds as proven by spectral studies (NMR and mass spectroscopy).

This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy).

BackgroundEncephalopathy is a rare but serious central nervous system toxicity of ifosfamide. Its clinical symptoms are confusion, stupor, seizures, hallucinations and blurred vision.1The methylene blue (MB) is administered as an antidote to the encephalopathy.PurposeDescription of MB formulation and control quality analysis of the preparation and safety case of encephalopathy associated with ifosfamide in the absence of MB injectable in the pharmaceutical market in the country.Material and methodsInitially the MB solution 10 mg/ml for intravenous administration was prepared. A disposable closed system transfer device with filter 0. 15 µm was used, so as to perform a sterile filtration. Next, an analytical control of drug substance and drug product was carried out in accordance with United States Pharmacopoeia. Finally, the preparation was administrated to the patient.ResultsA 60-year-old woman had a uterine leiomyosarcoma in February 2016. The patient received the first cure of doxorubicin (20 mg/m2), ifosfamide (2.5 g/m2) and mesna (2.5 g/m2). On the third day of treatment, the patient had obnubilation and awareness troubles. Ifosfamide-induced encephalopathy was suspected. A treatment with MB was proposed, but unfortunately the product is not marketed in the country. The MB was prepared at the pharmacy with serum glucose 5%: every 1 ml contains 10 mg of drug substance. It has the same visible absorption spectrum as the MB standard solution, contains less than 2.5 USP endotoxin unit per ml, has an osmolality of 308 mmol/Kg, a pH of 4.76 and the preparation was sterile. The drug substance was identified with infrared absorption, The patient received the MB solution in a dose of 6×50 mg day-1. The encephalopathy was resolved with recovery at the neurological level.ConclusionThe MB continues to be an effective antidote for encephalopathy associated with ifosfamide. As was seen in our patient, a dose of 6×50 mg day-1was sufficient for the management of encephalopathy. Our result is consistent with a previous report.Reference and/or Acknowledgements1. Pelgrims J, De Vos F, Van den Brande J, Schrijvers D, Prové A, Vermorken JB. Methylene blue in the treatment and prevention of ifosfamide-induced encephalopathy: report of 12 cases and a review of the literature. Brit J Cancer2000;82(2):291–294.No conflict of interest

BackgroundCisplatin, carboplatin and oxaliplatin are three major platinum salts used for intravenous chemotherapy. However, their efficacy is accompanied by different toxicities.PurposeThe aim of our study is to identify adverse drug reactions of platimum salts.Material and methodsAn observational prospective analysis was conducted between March 2014 and September 2015 in the oncology sector of a central hospital. Data were collected and analysed using Excel 2013. We collaborated with the National Centre of Pharmacovigilance for fresh imputability analysis.ResultsThe study included 70 patients, the average age was 52 years and the sex ratio (F/M) was 0.41. The most frequent cancers were colorectal cancer (46% of patients) and cervical cancer (18%). Oxaliplatin was the most commonly reported molecule (45%).During 18 months of study, we collected 222 adverse drug reactions with sensory and neurosensory toxicities (26% and 21%, respectively).Peripheral neuropathy, digestive intolerance and haematological toxicities were attributed to platinum salts with an I2B4 score.ConclusionPlatinum salts cause several complications, especially neurosensory toxicities. The pharmacist has an important role in monitoring post-chemotherapy, which avoids and prevents many adverse events.Reference and/or Acknowledgements1. Jean-Pasto MJ. Hypersensitivity to platinum salts: pharmacovigilance, pulmonology. Revue des Maladies RespiratoiresNovember 2006;23(5):487–488.No conflict of interest