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Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) and inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) are rare cancers observed predominantly in children and young adults. ALCL accounts for 10–15% of all pediatric non-Hodgkin lymphomas and is commonly diagnosed at an advanced stage of disease. In children, 84–91% of cases of ALCL harbor an anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene translocation. IMT is a rare mesenchymal neoplasm that also tends to occur in children and adolescents. Approximately 50–70% of IMT cases involve rearrangements in the ALKgene. A combination of chemotherapeutic drugs is typically used for children with ALK-positive ALCL, and the only known curative therapy for ALK-positive IMT is complete surgical resection. Crizotinib, a first-generation ALK inhibitor, was approved in the USA in 2021 for pediatric patients and young adults with relapsed or refractory ALK-positive ALCL; however, its safety and efficacy have not been established in older adults. In 2022, crizotinib was approved for adult and pediatric patients with unresectable, recurrent, or refractory ALK-positive IMT. This podcast provides an overview of ALK-positive ALCL and IMT. We discuss the current treatment landscape, the role of ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors, and areas of future research.

Neuroblastomas harbor ALKaberrations clinically resistant to crizotinib yet sensitive pre-clinically to the third-generation ALK inhibitor lorlatinib. We conducted a first-in-child study evaluating lorlatinib with and without chemotherapy in children and adults with relapsed or refractory ALK-driven neuroblastoma. The trial is ongoing, and we report here on three cohorts that have met pre-specified primary endpoints: lorlatinib as a single agent in children (12 months to <18 years); lorlatinib as a single agent in adults (≥18 years); and lorlatinib in combination with topotecan/cyclophosphamide in children (<18 years). Primary endpoints were safety, pharmacokinetics and recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D). Secondary endpoints were response rate and 123I-metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) response. Lorlatinib was evaluated at 45–115 mg/m2/dose in children and 100–150 mg in adults. Common adverse events (AEs) were hypertriglyceridemia (90%), hypercholesterolemia (79%) and weight gain (87%). Neurobehavioral AEs occurred mainly in adults and resolved with dose hold/reduction. The RP2D of lorlatinib with and without chemotherapy in children was 115 mg/m2. The single-agent adult RP2D was 150 mg. The single-agent response rate (complete/partial/minor) for <18 years was 30%; for ≥18 years, 67%; and for chemotherapy combination in <18 years, 63%; and 13 of 27 (48%) responders achieved MIBG complete responses, supporting lorlatinib’s rapid translation into active phase 3 trials for patients with newly diagnosed high-risk, ALK-driven neuroblastoma. ClinicalTrials.gov registration: NCT03107988.

AbstractLes Petites Affichesrefers to a rehabilitation project by the architectural agency SCAU used as a key site of experimentation for a practice-based and design-led PhD project fully integrated into the daily life of the agency. Based on a textile design approach, this paper explores the idea of textilisationas means of developing new modes of transmission based on the in situtransformation of rubble as an alternative to “tabula rasa” or identical restoration. First reviewing different approaches dealing with architectural heritage in the light of the Anthropocene context, the paper then discusses different meanings of the concept of textilisationbefore clarifying how rubble from Les Petites Affichesis conceptually and materially integrated in a new architectural project in the form of pigments, fabrics or floor surfaces. In this context, the trans-materialized memory of the past building becomes one of the main components of the future edifice. In this case, 111.39 kg of rubble from, the Parisian building subject to rehabilitation (2017–2018). The experiment—developed during an on-site-residency—focus on how such rubble could be appropriated through textile processes to give life to new architectural surfaces. For example, some fragments were ground and sieved to achieve the fine grain of a pigment before being mixed with a binder. The ink obtained, filled with the site’s history, was printed on textile using silk-screen methods. Bringing together two materials: textile and stone as a means of revealing the different strata of the site, the outcomes of this process offers the occasion to discuss the potential of conceiving and materialising an architecture informed by its past as well as various approaches to textilisation.

A predictive computational study was conducted in order to assess the efficiency of electrocyclization reactions of keteniminium salts, in an effort to form a variety of heterocyclic systems, namely, 3-amino(benzo)thiophenes, 3-amino(benzo)furans, 3-aminopyrroles, as well as 3-aminoindoles. A density functional theory (DFT) approach was utilized and the effect of heteroatoms (NMe, O, S) was thoroughly investigated by means of population analysis, QTAIM, NICS, ACID, and local reactivity descriptors (Parr and Fukui functions). The electrocyclization of enamines leading to 3-aminopyrroles was shown to be both kinetically and thermodynamically most favorable. Moreover, the pericyclic nature of the electrocyclizations was confirmed using FMO, QTAIM, NICS, and ACID methods. Additionally, substituent effects were investigated in order to give further insight on the reactivity of heteroatom containing keteniminium systems toward electrocyclization reactions. Finally, computational predictions were experimentally confirmed for a selection of keteniminium systems.

We introduce a thread characterization method that explores hardware performance counters and machine learning techniques to automate estimating workload execution on heterogeneous processors. We show that our characterization scheme achieves higher accuracy when predicting performance indicators, such as instructions per cycle and last-level cache misses, commonly used to determine the mapping of threads to processor types at runtime. We also show that support vector regression achieves higher accuracy when compared to linear regression, and has very low (1%) overhead. The results presented in this paper can provide a foundation for advanced investigations and interesting new directions in intelligent thread scheduling and power management on multiprocessors.

Le code de calcul de profils de raie PPP a été développé à l'origine avec l'objectif de synthétiser les raies spectrales émises par les plasmas et ce pour n'importe quel émetteur et n'importe quelles conditions de plasmas. Les motivations de ce travail ont été d'une part le diagnostic et d'autre part les études de la dynamique non linéaire des charges dans les plasmas. Le code numérique basé sur des modèles originaux met en jeu des algorithmes qui réalisent le meilleur compromis entre précision et rapidité. En particulier, le mouvement des charges perturbatrices est pris en compte par le Modèle de Fluctuation de Fréquences qui transforme le profil statique en profil dynamique. Ce code a été sans cesse amélioré au cours des dix dernières années avec l'aide d'une technique de simulation numérique basée sur la méthode de dynamique moléculaire qui fournit des profils dits de référence.

Dans ce travail, nous avons étudié l'effet de la redistribution en fréquence sur les profils d'émissivité et d'intensité de la raie Balmer-α du carbone hydrogénoïde A 182 Å. Le resultat de ce travail est le fruit d'une collaboration entre le laboratoire PIIM, qui développe des codes de calcul de profils de raies et de fonctions de redistribution et le laboratoire LSAI , qui développe des codes qui modélisent les propriétés du plasma et le transfert radiatif.

This work concerns the effect of frequency redistribution on X-ray laser beams. The redistribution function, calculated by extending the frequency fluctuation model to 2-photon processes, shows coherent scattering and a redistributed contribution. The spectral emissivity, corrected in order to account for this effect, is calculated for X-ray lasers, the amplifier plasma being composed either of neon-like germanium ions or hydrogen-like carbon ions. The coupled radiative transfer equation and population equations are solved consistently, and the intensity of the X-ray laser output is given for two 3p-3s lines (19.6 and 23.6 nm) of neon-like germanium. We also study the variation with plasma length (i.e. line intensity) of the emissivity of the C5+Balmer-[MAHT] lasing line. The physical conditions of the calculations are obtained from a modelling of experiments conducted at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory.

The life time of some real-time systems is determined by batteries, thus necessitating a mechanism for energy management. These systems must consider not only schedulability constraints to ensure temporal correctness, but also their energy limitations to accomplish their considered mission. Moreover, it is still desired that the system provides services with the best possible quality. This work presents a problem of selecting the frequency for each task to fulfil the system goal, while considering issues of schedulability and energy consumption. The problem is formulated in mathematical programming and solved with a convex-optimisation algorithm. It is assumed that CPU frequency can be selected continuously within a given range. The system reconfiguration scheme assumes the earliest deadline first (EDF) policy, with soft and hard real-time tasks managed by some bandwidth reservation scheme. The effectiveness of the proposed solution is shown through numerical and simulation analysis.

The aim of the study was to evaluate systematic thyroid ultrasonography (US) relevance in newly diagnosed Graves’ disease among patients presenting without palpable nodules.

Neuroblastoma is a debilitating disease and a leading cause of childhood cancer deaths. The discovery of ALK as a mutated oncogenic receptor in neuroblastoma has provided an attractive target for innovative therapies. In this article, Mosse and Carpenter review the preclinical and clinical advances in ALK-targeted therapies for neuroblastoma and discuss the emerging challenges.

Chiral framework: Chiral amines with pyrrolidine frameworks catalyze the enantioselective conjugate addition of a wide range of aldehydes to various vinyl sulfones and vinyl phosphonates in high yields and with enantioselectivities up to >99 % ee(see scheme). The high versatility of the Michael adducts is exemplified by various functionalizations with conservation of the optical purity.

Organocatalyzed asymmetric microwave-assisted reactions are described. Significant rate enhancements and a decrease of catalyst loading via microwave activation have been observed, while maintaining good to high yields and selectivities compared to literature results.

New N-alkyl-3,3‘-bimorpholine derivatives (iPBM) were revealed to be efficient organocatalysts for the asymmetric direct Michael addition of aldehydes to nitroolefins and a vinyl sulfone. In these transformations using iPBM, 1,4-adducts were afforded in high yields, with good to high levels of diastereo- and enantioselectivity. The stereochemical outcome of the reaction could be explained by an acyclic synclinal model.

Managing energy consumption has become vitally important to battery-operated portable and embedded systems. Dynamic voltage scaling (DVS) reduces the processor's dynamic power consumption quadratically at the expense of linearly decreasing the performance. When reducing energy with DVS for real-time systems, one must consider the performance penalty to ensure that deadlines can be met. In this paper, we introduce a novel collaborative approach between the compiler and the operating system (OS) to reduce energy consumption. We use the compiler to annotate an application's source code with path-dependent information called power-management hints (PMHs). This fine-grained information captures the temporal behavior of the application, which varies by executing different paths. During program execution, the OS periodically changes the processor's frequency and voltage based on the temporal information provided by the PMHs. These speed adaptation points are called power-management points (PMPs). We evaluate our scheme using three embedded applications: a video decoder, automatic target recognition, and a sub-band tuner. Our scheme shows an energy reduction of up to 57% over no power-management and up to 32% over a static power-management scheme. We compare our scheme to other schemes that solely utilize PMPs for power-management and show experimentally that our scheme achieves more energy savings. We also analyze the advantages and disadvantages of our approach relative to another compiler-directed scheme.

The biological and dynamical importance of feedback circuits in regulatory graphs has often been emphasized. The work presented here aims at completly describing the dynamics of isolated elementary regulatory circuits. Our analytical approach is based on a discrete formal framework, built upon the logical approach of R. Thomas.
Given a regulatory circuit, we show that the structure of synchronous and asynchronous dynamical graphs depends only on the length of the circuit (number of genes) and on its sign (which depends on the parity of the number of negative interactions). This work constitutes a first step towards the analytical characterisation of discrete dynamical graphs for more complex regulatory networks in terms of contributions corresponding to their embedded elementary circuits.
Contact: remy@iml.univ-mrs.fr

Cet article analyse les caractéristiques et les évolutions récentes d’un système de soins japonais confronté au triple défi du vieillissement de la population, de la nécessaire amélioration de la qualité des soins et de la maîtrise des coûts. L’article met l’accent sur la multiplicité des plans d’assurance maladie sur fond de couverture universelle, le déséquilibre de la relation médecinmalade et la coexistence, au Japon, de modalités privées et publiques de l’exercice de la médecine. Qu’il s’agisse de mettre en place une assurance spécifique pour les personnes âgées ou de rééquilibrer la relation avec le malade, les réformes sont mises en place de manière incrémentale (au sens de la théorie évolutionniste). Elles ont comme particularité de conforter les valeurs (l’équité), les institutions (l’administration et l’association des médecins japonais - AMJ), les procédures (la négociation continue), voire les outils (la nomenclature des actes) de la régulation du système de soins qui dominent depuis cinquante ans. De ce fait, les méthodes d’inspiration libérale, qui se développent dans les pays occidentaux, ne sauraient y trouver leur place.

Results of experimental investigation of the heat exchange in a plasma module which incorporates a mixing chamber and three plasmatrons operating on it are generalized by the methods of physical modeling with the use of regression analysis. It is shown that the heat exchange in such a system is determined by the processes occurring in arc heaters. The most substantial influence is exerted by convection and radiation.

The process of reprocessing of pesticides (with an expired storage life) based on isophene (C14H18O7N2) and butyl ether of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (Cl2C6H3OCH2COOCH2CH(CH3)2) in a plasma-chemical reactor with a three-jet chamber for mixing plasma jets has been investigated. The composition of the waste gas was investigated using absorption spectroscopy in the UV, visible, and IR wavelength ranges and also chromato-mass spectrometry with the aim of selecting an environmentally safe operation of the reactor.

The possibility of using a multijet electric arc plasma‐chemical reactor for decontamination and destruction of different powder pesticides with an expired effective date and storage life which have not been used in agriculture is studied. Studies of heat transfer are conducted on a setup operating without processing of raw material and with supply of pesticides (isophen and butyl ester of 2,4‐dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) to the reactor. The composition of waste gases at the reactor outlet is studied.

As a continuation of previous publications, the authors report results of analytical substantiation and evaluation of energy consumption for different versions of thermal processing, incineration, and evaporation of a wide range of toxic and radioactive wastes in a shaft incinerator with plasma air blast beneath a layer of a charge of filtering and combustible material such as wood sawdust, which absorbs up to 98–99% of the aerosols of waste gases and fixes the aerosols in the ash. The volume and specific energy consumption of the plasma blast and also conditions and possibilities for eliminating it due to the intrinsic heat release of the wastes and wood sawdust by means of this method are determined. The expediency of incineration and vitrification of the ash residue of radioactive wastes separately in a small‐volume melting crucible is shown, which allows a no less than twofold decrease in the total energy consumption as compared to the combined version of such processing.

Abstract: The authors report the basic technological principles and the special features of a method of combined plasma-thermal processing and incineration of harmful wastes in a shaft incinerator under a layer of the charge of such a well-filtering and well-combustible material as wood sawdust, which absorbs up to 99% of the aerosols of waste gases by fixing and concentrating them in the ash. A calculated-analytical estimate of the filtration properties of wood sawdust is obtained as a function of its dispersity, the thickness of the charge layer, and the filtration rate of the waste gases. Determination is made of the optimum design relations and the parameters of charging of a filtering material under different conditions of processing of wastes, including moistening and impregnation of wood sawdust by an aqueous solution of sorbents to absorb harmful metals. The calculated results are compared and demonstrate consistency with the data on the filtration properties of wood sawdust in other technologies, including thermal processing of radioactive wastes in a similar shaft incinerator.

Pharmacological treatments used for psychiatric disorders, such as clozapine, demonstrate large interindividual variability in terms of possible adverse effects and therapeutic benefit. This variability can be explained by multiple factors, including pharmacogenetic factors. Clozapine efficacy can be impacted by CYP polymorphisms. A growing body of literature on pharmacogenetics suggests the clinical benefit of concomitant use of clozapine and fluvoxamine to improve global pharmacotherapeutic management. This article reviews and discusses available clinical and pharmacological data and limitations of clozapine augmentation with fluvoxamine based on pharmacogenetic rationale and clinical experience. The aim is to provide an updated approach on how to use the pharmacological and pharmacogenetic profile to improve clozapine efficacy and tolerance in severely ill patients.

Even though real-time systems have the stringent constraint of completing tasks before their deadlines, many existing real-time operating systems do not implement fault tolerance capabilities. In this paper we summarize fault tolerant real-time scheduling policy for dynamic tasks with ready times and deadlines. Our focus in this paper is the implementation, which includes fault-tolerant scheduling, re-scheduling, and recovery mechanisms in the FT-RT-Mach operating system, a fault-tolerant version of RT-Mach. A real-time train control application is then implemented using the FT-RT-Mach operating system. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Many distributed multimedia applications involve data delivery from a source to multiple destinations, the participating nodes forming a multicast group. In the naive solution, separate connections can be established from each source to other group members. However, a tree can be established for each source with the participants as the leaf nodes or just have one tree spanning all the participants. In this paper, we introduce a data forwarding model to support such shared multicast trees over the ATM networks called CRAM (Cell Re-labeling At Merge-points for ATM multicast). Our work allows VC merging in the MPLS architecture and supports recently proposed wide area multicast protocols (like CBT and PIM) in ATM networks.

Even though real‐time systems have the stringent constraint of completing tasks before their deadlines, many existing real‐time operating systems do not implement fault tolerance capabilities. In this paper we summarize fault tolerant real‐time scheduling policy for dynamic tasks with ready times and deadlines. Our focus in this paper is the implementation, which includes fault‐tolerant scheduling, re‐scheduling, and recovery mechanisms in the FT‐RT‐Mach operating system, a fault‐tolerant version of RT‐Mach. A real‐time train control application is then implemented using the FT‐RT‐Mach operating system. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

The results of spectral measurements of the temperatures of an air plasma flow are presented and analyzed.

Measurements have been made on the heat transfer to granular material in a plasma reactor having a multijet mixing chamber. The temperature distribution over the cross section has been measured by a spectral method and by calorimetry. The granular-material flow rate affects the heat flux to the walls. The measurements are fitted to an equation in dimensionless parameters.

Total globulins of oat and wheat were compared by SDS-electophoresis immunoblotting and in vitro protein synthesis experiments. Numerous homologies were found. The same 4 protein subgroups, with respect to molecular mass, were found in the two cereals. Immunoblotting with antibodies for total oat globulins allowed the detection of homologous proteins in each wheat protein group, especially in the 60-kDa group, which corresponds to the major 12 S oat globulin. The same antibodies also reacted with in vitro synthesized proteins of the two cereals. However, compared to mature proteins, only a limited number of polypeptides react, suggesting that wheat globulins, like oat globulins, undergo post-translational processes.

Due to the critical nature of the tasks in hard real-time systems, it is essential that faults be tolerated. In this paper, we present a scheme which can be used to tolerate faults during the execution of preemptive real-time tasks. We describe a recovery scheme which can be used to re-execute tasks in the event of single and multiple transient faults and discuss conditions that must be met by any such recovery scheme. We then extend the original Rate Monotonic Scheduling (RMS) scheme and the exact characterization of RMS to provide tolerance for single and multiple transient faults. We derive schedulability bounds for sets of real-time tasks given the desired level of fault tolerance for each task or subset of tasks. Finally, we analyze and compare those bounds with existing bounds for non-fault-tolerant and other variations of RMS.

The inheritance of avenin components, the prolamins (or alcohol soluble proteins) of Avena, is studied by means of gel electrophoresis. Avenin is composed of rather similar proteins which appear as a polymorphic group from a biochemical point of view. After a first preliminary investigation it showed a surprisingly high interspecific variability. The average number of its constituents increases with the ploidy level but it still is much lower than that of wheat gliadin.

A systematic way to introduce fault-tolerant and time-dependent properties into a complex software system is presented. The approach is based on an extended Petri Net model, called the G-Net, enhanced with the deterministic timing scheme. An object-based approach, enhanced with exception handling and time-out mechanism, is used to introduce the fault tolerance properties. The basic idea is to avoid the timing error propagation from a faulty object to an object that interacts with it via a time-out mechanism, and also to allow an object to treat a timing error by raising an exception and triggering some corrective actions.

Barley grains (9 samples from 7 cultivars) with nitrogen contents (N) ranging from 1.45 to 4.01% of dry matter were analysed for their amino acid (AA) composition with high accuracy from six different hydrolysates per sample. AA levels in grain increased as linear functions ofN with correlation coefficients close to unity. A comparison with literature data confirmed that the AA composition of any grain sample of normal barley can be predicted from itsN for all phenotypes and genotypes. AAs in grain protein changed as hyperbolic functions ofN which increased for Phe, Pro and Glx but more or less strongly decreased for the other AAs. By plotting AA scores againstN, barley proteins were shown to be always richer than wheat and rye in Val and Phe + Tyr; sometimes richer than both other species forN<2 (Lys); 2.2 (Leu and Ile); 3.4 (Thr); sometimes intermediate to wheat and rye above the latterN values. They were also intermediate in sulphur AAs forN<1.9 and drastically poorer forN>1.9. However, they were richer than both other species in Trp forN>1.6. The hyperbolic variations of non-protein nitrogen and nitrogen-to-protein conversion factors were determined as a function ofN and also compared with those of wheat and rye.

The main crop species (cereals, legume seeds and oilseeds) are reviewed with respect to their seed proteins. In the first section, a few points dealing with available analytical methods and nitrogen conversion factors are briefly discussed. The average crude protein contents of different cultivated species of grain are compared. The variability of seed protein content within a same species (phenotypic variations and biochemical mutations) is also discussed. The same kind of survey is then devoted to seed aminoacid composition in a second section. The analytical problems which are involved are summarized. The average aminoacid compositions of the main species are compared and the variations occurring within the same species are described, for the phenotypic ones as well as for some mutants. A last section concerns the relationships between aminoacid composition and protein content. The significance of these relations and their practical consequences are indicated.

A systematic way to introduce fault-tolerant and time-dependent properties into a complex software system is presented. The approach is based on an extended Petri Net model, called the G-Net, enhanced with a deterministic timing scheme. In the Timed G-Net (TGN) model, exception handling and timing mechanisms are used to introduce fault-tolerant and real-time properties. The basic idea is to use basic building blocks with timing properties to allow objects to treat a timing error by raising an exception and triggering some corrective actions. Using TGNs as these basic building blocks, we fur titer refine the model into a Smart Object (SMO) model. In each SMO, a TGN specification associated with a set of attributes, monitor/error-handler links and protocols support the construction of more reliable applications through an automatic transformer. This framework can contribute to alleviating the burden on the developers in designing a complex real-time dependable system. We use examples to show that a simplified real-time distributed air traffic control system can be modelled effectively using the SMO model.

The nature of most problems addressed by robotics requires that robotic systems possess real-time properties. Additionally, as a result of steady increases in power and decreases in the cost of technology, it has become feasible to integrate sophisticated vision systems into robotic tasks. This can be seen by the recent interest in active vision.

Total globulins of oat and wheat were compared by SDS‐electophoresis immunoblotting and in vitro protein synthesis experiments. Numerous homologies were found. The same 4 protein subgroups, with respect to molecular mass, were found in the two cereals. Immunoblotting with antibodies for total oat globulins allowed the detection of homologous proteins in each wheat protein group, especially in the 60‐kDa group, which corresponds to the major 12 S oat globulin. The same antibodies also reacted with in vitro synthesized proteins of the two cereals. However, compared to mature proteins, only a limited number of polypeptides react, suggesting that wheat globulins, like oat globulins, undergo post‐translational processes.

Abstract: Fractionation of sunflower seed salt-soluble proteins, which amount to nearly 80% of the total seed nitrogen, has been performed by a method we proposed in 1970 and which was confirmed by several others. Three varieties of seeds have been investigated: ‘Armavirec,’ ‘Peredovik’, and a pure strain. The occurrence of three groups of proteic fractions was confirmed. Their proportions, which fluctuate with varieties, are roughly: 20% for “light” (low molecular weight) albumins, 5–10% for “heavy albumins,” and 70–80% for globulins. The first group was isolated by Sephadex G-50 chromatography from the other two, which were separated by dialysis. A second chromatography of these three groups on Sephadex G-200 has been realized (with preliminarily calibrated columns for molecular weight evaluations). “Light” albumins appear as a rather homogeneous constituent with a molecular weight of 14,000 and an aminoacid composition showing high amounts of methionine, cystine, arginine and glutamine. “Heavy” albumins, which are still mixed with globulin fractions after dialysis, have a molecular weight of 48,000 and a very different aminoacid composition with a high level of lysine. Globulins are composed of at least four different fractions, two of which (M=12,000 and M=25,000) are presumably subunits of the other two and have significantly different aminoacid compositions.

Results of opticospectroscopic measurements of a plasma flow containing particles of different materials (Al2O33, SiO2, kaolin, phosphorite, and chamotte sand) at the outlet of the mixing chamber of a plasma reactor are reported.

We analyze the basic trends in the use of electric-arc plasma for radioactive waste decontamination. We present a scheme and performance figures of a process for a shaft-type furnace with fuel-plasma heating. We present the results of numerical and experimental investigations for a 150-kW direct-flow plasma reactor.

We consider a stationary problem of the filtration and precipitation of radioactive aerosols in a charged dense bed in a shaft process of plasmothermal treatment of solid lump radioactive waste for immobilization in a melt of a glass-forming charge. We perform a comparative analysis of calculations with known data and characteristics of absorption for fine and coarse filters and assess the filtering properties of the bed for the problem considered. The results of calculation are confirmed by the available experimental data.

Results of experimental plasma-thermal processing of halogen-containing organic waste at temperatures of 4000-5000 K are reported. Analyses of exhaust gases of waste processing by chemicoanalytical and mass-spectrometric methods show complete thermal decomposition of the waste.

The amount of nucleotide sequence data is increasing exponentially. We therefore continued our effort to make a comprehensive database for the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In this database (ListA2) we have compiled 1001 protein coding sequences from this organism. Each sequence has been attributed a single genetic name and in the case of allelic duplicated sequences, synonyms are given, if necessary. For the nomenclature we have introduced a standard principle for naming gene sequences based on priority rules. We have also applied a simple method to distinguish duplicated sequences of one and the same gene from non-allelic sequences of duplicated genes. By using these principles we have sorted out a lot of confusion in the literature and databanks. Along with the genetic name, the mnemonic from the EMBL databank, the codon bias, reference of the publication of the sequence and the EMBL accession numbers are included for each entry. The database is available on request.

Abstract: We present a brief review and show the outlook for processing of toxic waste materials by a plasma method. We carried out experimental investigations of the processing of liquid toxic organic and organochlorine waste materials in a plasma reactor with a three-jet mixing chamber.

Data on heat transfer of plasma flows in a cylindrical channel of a reactor with a three-jet mixing chamber are analyzed. Experimental results are also presented on interphase heat transfer between plasma flows and disperse particles, and two possible methods of generalization of the results are shown.