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2. Effectiveness of a non-physician community health-care provider-led intensive blood pressure intervention versus usual care on cardiovascular disease (CRHCP): an open-label, blinded-endpoint, cluster-randomised trial

Author

He, Jiang, Ouyang, Nanxiang, Guo, Xiaofan, Sun, Guozhe, Li, Zhao, Mu, Jianjun, Wang, Dao Wen, Qiao, Lixia, Xing, Liying, Ren, Guocheng, Zhao, Chunxia, Yang, Ruihai, Yuan, Zuyi, Wang, Chang, Shi, Chuning, Liu, Songyue, Miao, Wei, Li, Guangxiao, Chen, Chung-Shiuan, Sun, Yingxian, Zhang, Xingang, Wang, Jun, Zhou, Ying, Ye, Ning, Chen, Zihan, Zhang, Pengyu, Fan, Zihao, Ye, Nan, Zhang, Linlin, Geng, Danxi, Zhang, Shu, Li, Qiyu, Qin, Qiying, Liu, Canru, Zheng, Xiaoyu, Wang, Tao, Jing, Li, Zhang, Boqiang, Sun, Qun, Yan, Yu, Liao, Yueyuan, Ma, Qiong, Chu, Chao, Sun, Yue, Wang, Dan, Zhou, Ling, Ye, Heng, Wei, Haoran, Liu, Hao, Sun, Zhaoqing, Zheng, Liqiang, Chen, Yanli, Chang, Ye, Jiang, Mohan, Yang, Hongmei, Yu, Shasha, Li, Wenna, Wang, Ning, Wu, Chunwei, Sun, Lufan, Du, Zhi, Li, Yan, Gao, Nan, Liu, Xinchi, Wang, Ying, Huang, Mingang, Zhou, Yufang, Meng, Lingrui, Zhang, Jiawen, Huang, Zhen, Chen, Huihui, Huang, Yuxian, Sun, Lingmin, Zhong, Xin, Wang, Hanmin, Hou, Xinyan, Han, Huan, Jin, Baohui, and He, Hua

Abstract

Effectiveness of a non-physician community health-care provider-led intensive blood pressure intervention on cardiovascular disease has not been established. We aimed to test the effectiveness of such an intervention compared with usual care on risk of cardiovascular disease and all-cause death among individuals with hypertension.

Published
2023
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3. Momentum-Based Symbol Flipping Decoding Algorithms for Non-Binary LDPC Codes

Author

Zhao, Zhanzhan, Jiao, Xiaopeng, Mu, Jianjun, Han, Hui, and He, Yu-Cheng

Abstract

This paper investigates the application of gradient descent with momentum in symbol flipping decoding algorithms based on prediction (SFDP) for non-binary low-density parity-check (NB-LDPC) codes. The momentum added in the objective function of SFDP algorithms can provide inertia to the decoding process by considering the flipping states in the past iterations. Simulation results show that the proposed momentum-based SFDP algorithms perform significantly better than the original SFDP algorithms with low extra complexity. Furthermore, to lower the error floor of momentum-based SFDP algorithms, we also introduce artificial noises into the objective functions of momentum-based SFDP algorithms to help the iterative decoding escape from local optimum.

Published
2023
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5. Dual endothelin antagonist aprocitentan for resistant hypertension (PRECISION): a multicentre, blinded, randomised, parallel-group, phase 3 trial

Author

Schlaich, Markus P, Bellet, Marc, Weber, Michael A, Danaietash, Parisa, Bakris, George L, Flack, John M, Dreier, Roland F, Sassi-Sayadi, Mouna, Haskell, Lloyd P, Narkiewicz, Krzysztof, Wang, Ji-Guang, Reid, Christopher, Schlaich, Markus, Katz, Ivor, Ajani, Andrew, Biswas, Sinjini, Esler, Murray, Elder, Grahame, Roger, Simon, Colquhoun, David, Mooney, John, De Backer, Tine, Persu, Alexandre, Chaumont, Martin, Krzesinski, Jean-Marie, Vanabsche, Thomas, Girard, Ginette, Pliamm, Lew, Schiffrin, Ernesto, Merali, Fatima, Dresser, George, Vallee, Michel, Jolly, Shivinder, Chow, Stephen, Wang, Jiguang, Mu, Jianjun, Yu, Jing, Yuan, Hong, Feng, Yingqing, Zhang, Xin, Xie, Jianhong, Lin, Ling, Soucek, Miroslav, Widimsky, Jiri, Cifkova, Renata, Vaclavik, Jan, Ullrych, Martin, Lukac, Martin, Rychlik, Ivan, Guldager Lauridsen, Thomas, Kantola, Ilkka, Taurio, Jyrki, Ukkola, Olavi, Ormezzano, Olivier, Gosse, Philippe, Azizi, Michel, Courand, Pierre-Yves, Delsart, Pascal, Tartiere, Jean Michel, Mahfoud, Felix, Schmieder, Roland, Stegbauer, Johannes, Lurz, Philipp, Koziolek, Michael, Ott, Christian, Toursarkissian, Nicole, Tsioufis, Konstantinos, Kyfnidis, Konstantinos, Manolis, Athanasios, Patsilinakos, Sotirios, Zebekakis, Pantelis, Karavidas, Apostolos, Denes, Pall, Bezzegh, Katalin, Zsom, Marianna, Kovacs, Laszlo, Sharabi, Yehonatan, Elias, Mazen, Sukholutsky, Ivetta, Yosefy, Chaim, Kenis, Irina, Atar, Shaul, Volpe, Massimo, Lorenza, Muiesan Maria, Taddei, Stefano, Grassi, Guido, Veglio, Franco, Son, Jung Woo, Kim, Jang-Young, Park, Joong-Il, Lee, Chang Hoon, Lee, Hae-Young, Raugaliene, Rasa, Marcinkeviciene, Jolanta Elena, Kavaliauskiene, Roma, Deinum, Jaap, Kroon, Abraham, van den Born, Bert-Jan, Januszewicz, Andrzej, Tykarski, Andrzej, Walczewska, Jolanta, Gaciong, Zbigniew, Wiecek, Andrzej, Chrostowska, Marzena, Kleinrok, Andrzej, Krekora, Jan, Kania, Grzegorz, Podrazka-Szczepaniak, Anna, Golawski, Cezary, Podziewski, Maciej, Kaczmarek, Barbara, Skoczylas, Grzegorz, Wilkolaski, Andrzej, Wozniak, Iwona, Janik-Palazzolo, Marzena, Rewerska, Barbara, Konradi, Alexandra, Shvarts, Yuriy, Pecherina, Tamara, Nikolaev, Konstantin, Liudmila, Gapon, Orlikova, Olga, Mordovin, Viktor, Petrochenkova, Natalia, Kamalov, Gadel, Kosmacheva, Elena, Nikolaev, Konstantin, Tyrenko, Vadim, Gorbunov, Vladimir, Obrezan, Andrey, Supryadkina, Tatiana, Ler, Irina, Kotenko, Oleg, Kuzin, Anatoly, Martinez, Fernando, Redon, Josep, Oliveras, Anna, Beltran Romero, Luis, Shatylo, Valerii, Rudenko, Leonid, Bazylevych, Andriiy, Rudyk, Yurii, Karpenko, Oleksandr, Stanislavchuk, Mykola, Tseluyko, Vira, Kushnir, Mykola, Asanov, Ervin, Sirenko, Yuriy, Yagensky, Andriy, Collier, David, Gupta, Pankaj, Webb, David, MacLeod, Mary, McLay, James, Peace, Aaron, Arora, Samir, Buchanan, Patricia, Harris, Robert, Degarmo, Ronald, Guillen, Mario, Karns, Adam, Neutel, Joel, Paliwal, Yogesh, Pettis, Karlton, Toth, Phillip D., Wayne, Jeffrey M., Butcher, Bain, Diller, Phillip M., Oparil, Suzanne, Calhoun, David, Brautigam, Donald, Flack, John, Goldman, Jesse M., Rashidi, Arash, Aslam, Nabeel, Haley, William, Andrawis, Nabil, Lang, Brian, Miller, Randy, Powell, James, Dewhurst, Robert, Pritchard, James, Khanna, Dinesh, Tang, Dennis, Gabra, Nashwa, Park, Jean, Jones, Conigliaro, Scott, Cranford, Luna, Blanca, Mussaji, Murtaza, Bhagwat, Ravi, Bauer, Michael, McGinty, John, Nambiar, Rajesh, Sangrigoli, Renee, Ross Davis, William, Eaves, William, McGrew, Frank, Awad, Ahmed, Bolster, Eric, Scott, David, Kalirao, Paramjit, Dabel, Pascal, Calhoun, Wesley, Gouge, Steven, Warren, Mark, Lawrence, Mary Katherine, Jamal, Aamir, El-Shahawy, Mohamed, Mercado, Carlos, Kumar, Jayant, Velasquez-Mieyer, Pedro, Busch, Robert, Lewis, Todd, and Rich, Lisa

Abstract

Resistant hypertension is associated with increased cardiovascular risk. The endothelin pathway has been implicated in the pathogenesis of hypertension, but it is currently not targeted therapeutically, thereby leaving this relevant pathophysiological pathway unopposed with currently available drugs. The aim of the study was to assess the blood pressure lowering efficacy of the dual endothelin antagonist aprocitentan in patients with resistant hypertension.

Published
2022
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7. A village doctor-led multifaceted intervention for blood pressure control in rural China: an open, cluster randomised trial

Author

Sun, Yingxian, Mu, Jianjun, Wang, Dao Wen, Ouyang, Nanxiang, Xing, Liying, Guo, Xiaofan, Zhao, Chunxia, Ren, Guocheng, Ye, Ning, Zhou, Ying, Wang, Jun, Li, Zhao, Sun, Guozhe, Yang, Ruihai, Chen, Chung-Shiuan, He, Jiang, Wang, Chang, Qiao, Lixia, Shi, Chuning, Zhang, Xingang, Liu, Songyue, Chen, Zihan, Miao, Wei, Zhang, Pengyu, Fan, Zihao, Ye, Nan, Zhang, Linlin, Geng, Danxi, Zhang, Shu, Li, Qiyu, Qin, Qiying, Liu, Canru, Zheng, Xiaoyu, Wang, Tao, Jing, Li, Zhang, Boqiang, Sun, Qun, Yan, Yu, Liao, Yueyuan, Ma, Qiong, Chu, Chao, Sun, Yue, Wang, Dan, Zhou, Ling, Ye, Heng, Wei, Haoran, Liu, Hao, Sun, Zhaoqing, Zheng, Liqiang, Chen, Yanli, Chang, Ye, Jiang, Mohan, Yang, Hongmei, Yu, Shasha, Li, Wenna, Wang, Ning, Wu, Chunwei, Sun, Lufan, Du, Zhi, Li, Yan, Gao, Nan, Liu, Xinchi, Wang, Ying, Huang, Mingang, Zhou, Yufang, Meng, Lingrui, Zhang, Jiawen, Huang, Zhen, Chen, Huihui, Huang, Yuxian, Sun, Lingmin, Zhong, Xin, Wang, Hanmin, Hou, Xinyan, Han, Huan, Jin, Baohui, and He, Hua

Abstract

The prevalence of uncontrolled hypertension is high and increasing in low-income and middle-income countries. We tested the effectiveness of a multifaceted intervention for blood pressure control in rural China led by village doctors (community health workers on the front line of primary health care).

Published
2022
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8. Child-to-adult body mass index trajectories and the risk of subclinical renal damage in middle age

Author

Yan, Yu, Zheng, Wenling, Ma, Qiong, Chu, Chao, Hu, Jiawen, Wang, Keke, Liao, Yueyuan, Chen, Chen, Yuan, Yue, Lv, Yongbo, Xu, Xianjing, Wang, Yang, and Mu, Jianjun

Abstract

Background: Although it is well established that obesity is a risk factor for chronic kidney disease, the impact of distinct long-term body mass index (BMI) developmental patterns on renal function in later life is poorly understood. Methods: This study utilized data derived from the Hanzhong Adolescent Hypertension Cohort, a prospective cohort followed over 30 years. We used latent class growth mixture modeling method to identify the BMI trajectories of participants who had received BMI measurements at least three times from childhood (age: 6–15 years) to adulthood (age: 36–45 years). The modified Poisson regression model was used to identify potential associations between BMI trajectories and subclinical renal damage (SRD) in midlife. Results: Within a total of 2162 individuals, we identified four distinct long-term BMI trajectories: stable normal (54.72%), moderately increasing overweight (32.42%), resolving (10.27%), and progressively increasing obese (2.59%). By the latest follow-up in 2017, a total of 257 (13.1%) individuals were diagnosed with SRD. Compared with the stable normal group, the moderately increasing overweight group and the progressively increasing obese group exhibited significantly a higher urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio and a higher odd of existing SRD in 2017 (risk ratio [RR], 1.70 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.33–2.19] and 4.35 [95% CI, 3.00–6.30], respectively). However, individuals who resolved their elevated BMI in early life had a similar risk for SRD as those who had never been obese or overweight (RR, 1.17 [95% CI, 0.77–1.79]). Conclusions: Child-to-adult BMI trajectories that worsen or persist at high levels were associated with an increased risk for SRD in midlife. Maintaining a normal BMI or reversing an elevated BMI in early life may be beneficial to renal function over the long term.

Published
2021
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14. PS-P10-4: A NOVEL AND NONINVASIVE RISK ASSESSMENT SCORE AND ITS CHILD-TO-ADULT TRAJECTORIES TO SCREEN SUBCLINICAL RENAL DAMAGE IN MIDDLE AGE

Author

Chen, Chen and Mu, Jianjun

Abstract

This study aimed to develop a noninvasive, economical and effective subclinical renal damage (SRD) risk assessment tool to identify the high-risk asymptomatic people from large-scale population and improve current clinical SRD screening strategies. 2303 participants were included from Hanzhong Adolescent Hypertension Cohort, an ongoing prospective study followed for 30 years. Three noninvasive prediction factors (SBP, DBP and BMI) were identified as SRD-associated variables. Based on these three variables., an SRD risk assessment score with excellent classification ability (AUC value of ROC curve: 0.778 for SRD estimation, 0.729 for 4-year SRD risk prediction), calibration (Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit test P = 0.62 for SRD estimation, P = 0.34 for 4-year SRD risk prediction) and more potential clinical benefits was developed. In addition, we identified three child-to-adult SRD risk assessment score trajectories: increasing, increasing-stable and stable. Further difference analysis and logistic regression analysis also showed these SRD risk assessment score trajectories were highly associated with the incidence of SRD in middle age. In brief, we developed a novel and noninvasive SRD risk assessment tool with excellent performance to help identify high-risk asymptomatic people from large-scale population and assist in SRD screening.

Published
2023
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15. Lowering the error floor of ADMM penalized decoder for LDPC codes

Author

Jiao, Xiaopeng and Mu, Jianjun

Abstract

Decoding by alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) is a promising linear programming decoder for low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes. In this paper, we propose a two-step scheme to lower the error floor of LDPC codes with ADMM penalized decoder. For the undetected errors that cannot be avoided at the decoder side, we modify the code structure slightly to eliminate low-weight code words. For the detected errors induced by small error-prone structures, we propose a post-processing method for the ADMM penalized decoder. Simulation results show that the error floor can be reduced significantly over three illustrated LDPC codes by the proposed two-step scheme.

Published
2016
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16. Genetic Susceptibility to Lipid Levels and Lipid Change Over Time and Risk of Incident Hyperlipidemia in Chinese Populations

Author

Lu, Xiangfeng, Huang, Jianfeng, Mo, Zengnan, He, Jiang, Wang, Laiyuan, Yang, Xueli, Tan, Aihua, Chen, Shufeng, Chen, Jing, Gu, C. Charles, Chen, Jichun, Li, Ying, Zhao, Liancheng, Li, Hongfan, Hao, Yongchen, Li, Jianxin, Hixson, James E., Li, Yunzhi, Cheng, Min, Liu, Xiaoli, Cao, Jie, Liu, Fangcao, Huang, Chen, Shen, Chong, Shen, Jinjin, Yu, Ling, Xu, Lihua, Mu, Jianjun, Wu, Xianping, Ji, Xu, Guo, Dongshuang, Zhou, Zhengyuan, Yang, Zili, Wang, Renping, Yang, Jun, Yan, Weili, Peng, Xiaozhong, and Gu, Dongfeng

Abstract

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text.

Published
2016
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18. Genome-Wide Linkage and Regional Association Study of Blood Pressure Response to the Cold Pressor Test in Han Chinese

Author

Yang, Xueli, Gu, Dongfeng, He, Jiang, Hixson, James E., Rao, Dabeeru C., Lu, Fanghong, Mu, Jianjun, Jaquish, Cashell E., Chen, Jing, Huang, Jianfeng, Shimmin, Lawrence C., Rice, Treva K., Chen, Jichun, Wu, Xigui, Liu, Depei, and Kelly, Tanika N.

Abstract

Blood pressure (BP) response to cold pressor test (CPT) is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease. We performed a genome-wide linkage scan and regional association analysis to identify genetic determinants of BP response to CPT.

Published
2014
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19. Genome-Wide Association Study Identifies 8 Novel Loci Associated With Blood Pressure Responses to Interventions in Han Chinese

Author

He, Jiang, Kelly, Tanika N., Zhao, Qi, Li, Hongfan, Huang, Jianfeng, Wang, Laiyuan, Jaquish, Cashell E., Sung, Yun Ju, Shimmin, Lawrence C., Lu, Fanghong, Mu, Jianjun, Hu, Dongsheng, Ji, Xu, Shen, Chong, Guo, Dongshuang, Ma, Jixiang, Wang, Renping, Shen, Jinjin, Li, Shengxu, Chen, Jing, Mei, Hao, Chen, Chung-Shiuan, Chen, Shufeng, Chen, Jichun, Li, Jianxin, Cao, Jie, Lu, Xiangfeng, Wu, Xigui, Rice, Treva K., Gu, C. Charles, Schwander, Karen, Hamm, L. Lee, Liu, Depei, Rao, Dabeeru C., Hixson, James E., and Gu, Dongfeng

Abstract

Blood pressure (BP) responses to dietary sodium and potassium intervention and cold pressor test vary considerably among individuals. We aimed to identify novel genetic variants influencing individuals’ BP responses to dietary intervention and cold pressor test.

Published
2013
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20. Potassium supplement ameliorates salt-induced haemostatic abnormalities in normotensive subjects

Author

Liu, Fuqiang, Mu, Jianjun, Yuan, Zuyi, Zhang, Min, Zheng, Shuhui, Lian, Qiufang, Liu, Enqi, Xu, Haixia, Ren, Keyu, and Huang, Qiang

Abstract

BackgroundDietary high salt or low potassium is always associated with an increased incidence of death or cardiovascular complications, but the mechanisms remain elusive. We hypothesize that haemostatic abnormalities may play an important role in the phenomenon.MethodsTwenty normotensive subjects (aged 25 to 50 years) were selected from a rural community of Northern China. All of the people were sequentially maintained on a 3-day baseline investigation, 7 days on a low-salt diet (51.3 mmol or 3 g of NaCl per day), 7 days on a high-salt diet (307.7 mmol or 18 g of NaCl per day), and another 7 days on a high-salt diet with potassium supplementation (4.5 g/day, KCl). The concentrations of fi brinogen, D-dimer and von Willebrand factor (vWF) in plasma were assessed, and these data represent the systemic haemostatic state.ResultsPlasma levels of fi brinogen, fi brin D-dimer and vWF were signifi cantly higher in the high-salt diet than in the low-salt diet (P< 0.05). In contrast, potassium supplement could convert the sodium-dependent haemostatic abnormalities to normal (P< 0.05).ConclusionsDietary high salt intake could stimulate the production of haemostatic factors, which may ultimately lead to cardiovascular events. Inversely, potassium supplementation could ameliorate the sodium-induced haemostatic abnormalities.

Published
2011
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21. Genetic variants in the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system and blood pressure responses to potassium intake

Author

He, Jiang, Gu, Dongfeng, Kelly, Tanika N., Hixson, James E., Rao, Dabeeru C., Jaquish, Cashell E., Chen, Jing, Zhao, Qi, Gu, Chi, Huang, Jianfeng, Shimmin, Lawrence C., Chen, Ji-Chun, Mu, Jianjun, Ji, Xu, Liu, De-Pei, and Whelton, Paul K.

Abstract

Observational epidemiologic studies and clinical trials have documented that dietary potassium intake lowers blood pressure (BP). We examined the association between genetic variants in the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system and BP responses to potassium intervention.

Published
2011
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22. Common Variants in Epithelial Sodium Channel Genes Contribute to Salt Sensitivity of Blood Pressure

Author

Zhao, Qi, Gu, Dongfeng, Hixson, James E., Liu, De-Pei, Rao, Dabeeru C., Jaquish, Cashell E., Kelly, Tanika N., Lu, Fanghong, Ma, Jixiang, Mu, Jianjun, Shimmin, Lawrence C., Chen, Jichun, Mei, Hao, Hamm, L. Lee, and He, Jiang

Abstract

Rare mutations of the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) lead to mendelian forms of salt-sensitive hypertension or salt-wasting hypotension. We aimed to examine the association between common variants in the ENaC genes and salt sensitivity of blood pressure (BP).

Published
2011
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23. Genetic variants in the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system and salt sensitivity of blood pressure

Author

Gu, Dongfeng, Kelly, Tanika N, Hixson, James E, Chen, Jing, Liu, Depei, Chen, Ji-chun, Rao, Dabeeru C, Mu, Jianjun, Ma, Jixiang, Jaquish, Cashell E, Rice, Treva K, Gu, Charles, Hamm, Lee, Whelton, Paul K, and He, Jiang

Abstract

To examine the association between renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS) genes and salt sensitivity of blood pressure (BP).

Published
2010
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