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This paper examines the relationship between multifunctionality and agricultural sustainability using horticultural farms in Cameroon as a case study. To do so, we adopt a methodology that combines analytical and systemic approaches. Our results show that the horticultural farms surveyed are variously multifunctional but all contribute to food security and generate income. However, only 7.6% of these farms are economically and socially sustainable. Multifunctionality thus appears to be a necessary but not sufficient condition for sustainability. Finally, an improvement in the positive intra- and inter-dimensional influences of multiple functions on farm performance as well as a better cohesion between the elements of the farming system will significantly improve their sustainability.