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The amino acid sequences of the rat 60S ribosomal subunit proteins L4 and L41 were deduced from the sequences of nucleotides in recombinant cDNAs. Ribosomal protein L4 has 421 amino acids; the molecular weight is 47,280. L41 is the smallest ribosomal protein; it has 25 amino acids and a molecular weight of 3,454. Hybridization of the cDNAs to digests of nuclear DNA suggests that there are 7 to 8 copies of the L4, and 9 to 12 of the L41, genes. The mRNA for L4 is about 1,500 nucleotides in length and that for L41 about 500 nucleotides. The 5' noncoding sequence of the L4 cDNA is exceptional in that it has, in addition to a short polypyrimidine sequence at the 5' end, a second stretch of 15 consecutive pyrimidines near the site of initiation of translation. The 3' noncoding sequence of the L41 mRNA is unusual in that it is at least 246 nucleotides long. Rat L4 and L41 are related to ribosomal proteins from other eukaryotes.Copyright 1995, 1999 Academic Press, Inc.

cDNAs for rat ribosomal proteins S21 and L39 were characterized. S21 has 83 amino acids and a molecular weight of 9,121; L39 has 50 amino acids and a molecular weight of 6,271. There are 8 to 9 copies of the S21, and 9 to 11 copies of the L39 genes. The mRNA for S21 is about 500 nucleotides in length and for L39 it is about 450. Rat S21 and L39 are related to ribosomal proteins from other species. Corrections have been made in the amino acid sequences of L7 and L18a. The rat ribosomal protein designated L33 from its coordinates on two-dimensional gels has been found, from its amino rid sequence, to be identical to S24.Copyright 1995, 1999 Academic Press, Inc.

The amino acid sequence of the rat 60S ribosomal subunit protein L37 was deduced from the sequence of nucleotides in a recombinant cDNA. Ribosomal protein L37 has 96 amino acids, the NH₂-terminal methionine is removed after translation of the mRNA, and has a molecular weight of 10,939. Ribosomal protein L37 has a single zinc finger-like motif of the C₂-C₂ type. Hybridization of the cDNA to digests of nuclear DNA suggests that there are 13 or 14 copies of the L37 gene. The mRNA for the protein is about 500 nucleotides in length. Rat L37 is related to Saccharomyces cerevisiae ribosomal protein YL35 and to Caenorhabditis elegans L37. We have identified in the data base a DNA sequence that encodes the chicken homolog of rat L37.Copyright 1993, 1999 Academic Press

The amino acid sequence of the rat 40S ribosomal subunit protein S23 was deduced from the sequence of nucleotides in a recombinant cDNA. Ribosomal protein S23 has 142 amino acids, the NH₂-terminal methionine is removed after translation of the mRNA, and a molecular weight of 15,666. Hybridization of the cDNA to digests of nuclear DNA suggests that there are 6 to 13 copies of the S23 gene. The mRNA for the protein is about 650 nucleotides in length. Rat S23 is identical to a human ribosomal protein and is also related to Saccharomyces cerevisiae S28, to Tetrahymena thermophila S12, and to the prokaryotic S12 family of ribosomal proteins.Copyright 1994, 1999 Academic Press, Inc.

The amino acid sequence of the rat 40S ribosomal subunit protein S9 was deduced from the sequence of nucleotides in a recombinant cDNA. Ribosomal protein S9 has 193 amino acids, the NH₂-terminal methionine is removed after translation of the mRNA, and has a molecular weight of 22,360. Hybridization of the cDNA to digests of nuclear DNA suggests that there are 14 to 16 copies of the S9 gene. The mRNA for the protein is about 1,000 nucleotides in length in part because of an especially long 5' noncoding region (103 nucleotides). Rat S9 is related to ribosomal proteins from other eukaryotes, Saccharornyces cerevisiae YS11 and Dictyostelium discoideum rp 1024, and to the eubacterial, archaebacterial, and chloroplast family of S4 ribosomal proteins. We have identified the product of the Trypanosoma brucei gene U as the homolog of rat ribosomal protein S9.Copyright 1993, 1999 Academic Press

The amino acid sequence of the rat 60S ribosomal subunit protein L15 was deduced from the sequence of nucleotides in two recombinant cDNAs. Ribosomal protein L15 has 203 amino acids, the NH₂-terminal methionine is removed after translation of the mRNA, and has a molecular weight of 24,000. Hybridization of the cDNA to digests of nuclear DNA suggests that there are 13 to 15 copies of the L15 gene. The mRNA for the protein is about 850 nucleotides in length. Rat L15 is related to ribosomal proteins from other eukaryotes. Rat L15 has the hexapeptide, TYKFFE, that also occurs in the amyloidogenic glycoprotein A4 which is associated with Alzheimer's disease and Down's Syndrome.Copyright 1994, 1999 Academic Press, Inc.

The amino acid sequence of the rat 60S nbosomal subunit protein L36 was deduced from the sequence of nucleotides in a recombinant cDNA. Ribosomal protein L36 has 104 amino acids, the NH₂-terminal methionine is removed after translation of the mRNA and has a molecular weight of 12,128. Hybridization of the cDNA to digests of nuclear DNA suggests that there are 8 to 11 copies of the L36 gene. The mRNA for the protein is about 500 nucleotides in length. Rat L36 is related to yeast ribosomal protein YL39.Copyright 1993, 1999 Academic Press

The amino acid sequence of the rat 60S ribosomal subunit protein L24 was deduced from the sequence of nucleotides in a recombinant cDNA. Ribosomal protein L24 has 157 amino acids; the molecular weight is 17,767. Hybridization of the cDNA to digests of nuclear DNA suggests that there are 9 to 11 copies of the L24 gene. The mRNA for the protein is about 650 nucleotides in length. Rat L24 is related to ribosomal proteins from other eukaryotes and from archaebacteria.

The amino acid sequence of the rat 60S ribosomal subunit protein L13 was deduced from the sequence of nucleotides in two recombinant cDNAs. Ribosomal protein L13 has 210 amino acids, the NH₂-terminal methionine is removed after translation of the mRNA and has a molecular weight of 24,094. Hybridization of the cDNA to digests of nuclear DNA suggests that there are 8 to 10 copies of the L13 gene. The mRNA for the protein is about 870 nucleotides in length. Rat L13 is related to ribosomal proteins from other eukaryotes.Copyright 1994, 1999 Academic Press, Inc.

In a previous publication it was reported that a polysaccharide-protein complex (PPC), sensitive to ß-glucosidase, was isolated from Histoplasma capsulatum. This complex was strongly reactive in an agar gel diffusion assay with sera from patients with histoplasmosis, but was unreactive with sera from patients with coccidioidomycosis. Here, the studies with human sera have been expanded and attempts were made to determine the response of mice immunized with nonviable H. capsulatum or Cocccidioides immitis to PPC or its deproteinized fraction (D-PPC) using more sensitive tests for antibody and including also test for cell-mediated immunity. Histoplasmin and coccidioidin were compared with PPC or its deproteinized fraction (D-PPC) in all assays. In a counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIE) assay, PPC and D-PPC reacted only with sera from patients with histoplasmosis, whereas cross reactions were noted with histoplasmin and coccidioidin using heterologous sera. Cross-reaction were observed with all four antigen preparations and both types of antisera using a micro complement fixation assay. The assay for macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) was also relatively nonspecific, in that inhibition occurred with cells from animals sensitized with Histoplasma or Coccidioides using both homologous and heterologous antigens. In the footpad assay, histoplasmin and coccidioidin were highly cross-reactive in animals sensitized with the heterologous fungus, but the PPC and D-PPC from H. capsulatum elicited significant reactions only in animals sensitized with Histoplasma.

The amino acid sequence of the rat 60S ribosomal subunit protein L29 was deduced from the sequence of nucleotides in a recombinant cDNA. Ribosomal protein L29 has 155 amino acids, the NH₂-terminal methionine is removed after translation of the mRNA, and has a molecular weight of 17,183. Hybridization of the cDNA to digests of nuclear DNA suggests that there are 20 to 22 copies of the L29 gene. The mRNA for the protein is about 750 nucleotides in length. Rat L29 is related to yeast ribosomal protein YL43.Copyright 1993, 1999 Academic Press

The amino acid sequence of the rat 40S ribosomal subunit protein S15a was deduced from the sequence of nucleotides in two recombinant cDNAs. Ribosomal protein S15a has 129 amino acids, the NH₂-terminal methionine is removed after translation of the mRNA and has a molecular weight of 14,698. Hybridization of the cDNA to digests of nuclear DNA suggests that there are 10 to 15 copies of the S15a gene. The mRNA for the protein is about 650 nucleotides in length. Rat S15a is related to ribosomal proteins from other eukaryotes, from eubacteria, and from archaebacteria.Copyright 1994, 1999 Academic Press, Inc.

The amino acid sequence of the rat 40 S ribosomal subunit protein S30 was deduced from the sequence of nucleotides in a recombinant cDNA and confirmed by the determination of the 18 residues at the NH2 terminus of the protein. Unlike the majority of ribosomal proteins, which are unprocessed primary products of the translation of their mRNAs, S30 is formed by cleavage from a larger hybrid protein. The NH2-terminal polypeptide has 38% identity with ubiquitin and contains the characteristic carboxyl-terminal Gly-Gly dipeptide of this family of proteins. S30 has 59 amino acids and the molecular weight is 6,643; the ubiquitin-like sequence has 74 residues and the molecular weight is 7,634. The hybrid protein is encoded in each of the 8-10 members of the family of rat S30 genes; there is, however, only a single species of mRNA which contains the sequences for both proteins. The coding sequence of the hybrid protein occurs in the reverse polarity in the genome of the Finkel-Biskis-Reilly murine sarcoma virus.

Bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) and Border disease virus (BDV) were investigated at the wildlife‐livestock interface in the distribution area of chamois in the Cantabrian Mountains, North‐Western Spain. From 2010 to 2014, sera from sympatric wild (n=167) and domestic (n=272) ruminants were analysed for pestivirus antibodies by cELISA, virus neutralisation test (VNT) and for the presence of pestiviral RNA using a reverse transcription (RT)‐PCR. Results showed a higher seroprevalence in cattle (59.4 per cent, 13/13 of herds) than in domestic small ruminants (5.9 per cent sheep, 2/8 of flocks; 0 per cent goats of 4 flocks) and wildlife (10.8 per cent in red deer, 0 per cent in roe deer and 0 per cent in Cantabrian chamois). High VNT titres were detected in two cattle herds, suggesting the circulation of BVDV‐1 and BVDV‐2 strains. BVDV‐1 RNA was detected in one cattle calf by RT‐PCR and sequencing. Conversely to other similar grazing systems, sheep flocks did not play a relevant role in the pestivirus epidemiology in this region. Pestivirus infections in wild ruminants were sporadic and most probably dependent on a domestic source.