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Byline: Lee Allen To serve and protect is generally associated with the U.S. Marine Corps, but it also applies to Foundation Plant Services on the University of California, Davis, campus. [...]

Comments on the creation of a series of economic and governmental problems in the actual operation of plant quarantines in the U.S. Responsibility of quarantines for the precipitation of one economic catastrophe of enormous proportions; Imposition of quarantine regulations upon Florida; Impact of the imposition of the quarantines and restrictions upon the movement of agricultural products to the people of Florida.

The article presents management tips for the day-to-day operations of the greenhouse that can help prevent or minimize spots, blights, and other plant diseases. Topics discussed include determining bacterial or fungal pathogens, three different bacterial pests referred to as bacterial canker, bacterial speck, and bacterial spot, suggested management strategies like immediate removal and destruction of infected plants from the greenhouse, and disposal of plants tagged as guilty by association.

The article reports on weeds, pests and birds that can be found in rice fields. Weeds such as water lilies, water hyssops and salvinia are mentioned. The invertebrate mollusks which carry parasites responsible for serious human diseases is mentioned. Seed-eating birds include the yellow hooded blackbird which feeds on ripening rice grains, causing decrease in yield production. The red-breasted blackbird is differentiated with its feeding on many invertebrate animals which are considered pests in rice fields.

Quarantine regulations require domestic sweet cherries (Prunus avium) exported to Japan to be treated to control codling moth [Cydia pomonella (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)]. The current procedure, methyl bromide fumigation, may be discontinued because of health, safety, and environmental concerns. To examine a potential alternative method, 'Bing' sweet cherries were each infested with a codling moth larva, submerged in a 38 °C water bath for 6 minutes pretreatment, then exposed to various temperatures generated by radio frequency and held at that temperature for different times: 50 °C for 6 minutes, 51.6 °C for 4 minutes, 53.3 °C for 0.5 minutes, and 54.4 °C for 0.5 minutes. Insect mortality was evaluated 24 hours after treatment and fruit quality was evaluated after treatment and after 7 and 14 days of storage at 1 °C. No larvae survived at the 50 and 51.6 °C treatments. Fruit color of non-infested cherries was darkened as temperature increased. Stem color was severely impacted after 7 days of storage, even in a warm water bath of 38 °C for 6 minutes, as was fruit firmness at the same treatment. Fruit quality loss increased after 14 days of storage, compared to after 7 days of storage. The amount of pitting and bruising of cherries increased with temperature and again this increase was more evident after 14 days of storage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Efficacy of using radio frequency (RF) at 27.12 MHz was evaluated as a postharvest quarantine treatment against fifth instars of the codling moth [Cydia pomonella (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)], in apples (Malus sylvestris). Tests under the given conditions demonstrated that the energy fields between the RF unit's electrodes were neither predictable nor uniform. Moving fruit submerged in water during RF exposure may improve uniformity, but pulp temperatures varied considerably among fruit, among sites on the same fruit, and at different depths within the same site. As a result of these inconsistencies, quarantine efficacy was not obtained either using a range of final average temperatures from 40 to 68 °C (104.0 to 154.4 °F) or at holding times up to 20 minutes. We concluded it would be difficult to obtain the appropriate parameters for treatment efficacy and fruit quality maintenance using this technology under these conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the threat posed by 'Ohi'a disease on Big Island to Native Forests statewide. Flint Hughes, a researcher with the Hilo-based Institute of Pacific Islands Forestry, states that there had been some suspicion that the trees were dying as a result of "classic cohort senescence." Topics further discussed includes genetic analysis of wilt and emergency rules of the Plant Quarantine Branch of the Hawaii Department of Agriculture. INSET: If You Have Infected Trees....

Provides information on Lunar Quarantine, a program established to determine if lunar soil might be harmful to Earth organisms, such as plants. Background of plant quarantine testing; Testing procedure; Information on liverwort, a primitive plant; Results.

The article focuses on the importance of the cooperation between the governments of Azerbaijan and Russia in the development of information and communications technology relations, according to Igbal Guliyev, deputy director of the International Institute for Energy Policy and Diplomacy of Moscow State Institute of International Relations. The document signed also includes the protocol on the transition to the integration of information systems relating to plant quarantine.

Comments on the enforcement of trade embargo on certain out-of-state goods to protect the home industries of the state legislatures in the U.S. Impact of the trade restriction on the functioning of a wide national market; Discouragement of out-of-state competition by discriminatory tariffs that fall legally within the definition of states' rights; State laws governing widths, weights and specifications of commercial vehicles; Implementation of plant quarantines and sanitary restraint.

The article focuses on Feingold Flowergrowers P/L, one of the largest lily growers in Australia established by John Feingold. It states that year round production of flower requires a supply of fresh bulbs, and one of the bulb suppliers for Feingold Flowers is the Dutch company Van den Bos. It says that Feingold Flowers complies with the quarantine regulations required by the Australian Quarantine Inspection Service (AQIS).

The article discusses the use of radio frequency (RF) energy in controlling pests in dry nuts and legumes after harvest. It suggests that quarantine or phytosanitary requirements must be imposed on the host of targeted pests to reduce risk of contamination. Methyl bromide is also considered an effective fumigant but was found to be toxic. It further discusses the steps to an effective RF treatment.

The article reports on the Draft Environmental Assessment (EA) for Irradiator at Honolulu Airport. A draft environmental assessment for building an Irradiator for quarantine treatment of exports was released. The draft contains schematic drawings of irradiator's components and analyses the probability of catastrophic events that may happen within the vicinity of Cobalt-60 fueled irradiation facility. Environmental Assessment also addressed the concerns of Concerned Citizens of Honolulu like tsunamis, hurricanes, or airplane crashes. Arguments of the concerned citizens, represented by David Henkin about the planned irradiator are also discussed.

The article reports that quarantine has been removed from Neubiberg, Germany, after the removal of Asian longhorn beetle (ALB) by the research association Bayerischen Landesanstalt für Landwirtschaft (LfL).

The article discusses the works of the U.S. Department of Agriculture to keep the plant life in the country free from alien insects which could invade by land, sea, or air. Some measure of the magnitude of this threat can be gained from the fact there are estimated 33,000 potentially injurious plant diseases and types of insects in foreign countries. The department notes that the reason for discriminating against alien plants is that many plant afflictions eventually breed its natural habitat.

Presents a letter to the editor commenting on the search of tourists which is being conducted at plant-quarantine station on the California border.

The article discusses new Asian citrus psyllid quarantine rules issued by the California Department of Food and Agriculture for growers, transporters and packers, that include changes in boundary zone borders; and restrictions in the movement of outdoor grown nursery stock between quarantine zones.

The article discusses the regulation for agricultural quarantine enforced by California Department of Food and Agriculture (CDFA) for tarping of citrus with the onset of Huanglongbing (HLB) in southern California.

The article reports that scientist at University of California Davis have issued a warning to gardeners that pest tomato leafminer is a threat to tomato production. It states that they are working on quarantine issues copying prevention efforts and warn that the pest is risk to food security and agricultural production. According to scientist of Virginia Tech Muni Muniappan, the National Plant Diagnostic Network Training and Education is looking at developing new modules to identify the pest.

The article recommends that gardeners must grow the right plants to defend their garden against deer. Rosemary, oregano, sage and thyme are among the suggested herbs to plant because their leaves emit a fragrance disliked by deer. Other tips are given such as protecting the young transplants by putting a barrier, and spraying the garden perimeter with a deer repellant.

The article reports on the impact of Binodoxys communis, a natural predator of the soybean aphid in its native range, on the soybean fields in the U.S. It lay eggs inside the aphid and wasp larvae consumes the aphid from the inside out. Researchers ship promising species to quarantine facilities to work out on how to eliminate the wasps and the aphid colonies. Entomologist Kevin Steffey urges integrated pest management and combination of control methods.

Reports on the impact of the spread of Oak disease on the nursery industry in California. Efforts to contain Phytophthora ramorum; Quarantine of plants; Number of states that banned shipment of nursery stock from California; Possible inventory shortage.

Reports that commercial growers of annual bedding geraniums, Pelargonium spp., endured quarantines earlier in 2003 when stricter regulations put in place to prevent bioterrorism were invoked. Aim to quell an outbreak of a prohibited strain of a fungal disease known as southern bacterial wilt; Susceptibility of bedding geraniums to southern bacterial wilt; Coordination of growers with the U.S. Department of Agriculture to set up a more effective protocols for plant production.

Reports on the efforts of the California Department of Food and Agriculture to decrease the size of the quarantine area to give way on the use of mapping technology. Protection against Newcastle disease; Way of reducing the existence of the Mexican fruit flies; Maximization of harvests.

Reports on North County, California farmers' concern over a quarantine declared on much of the area's agriculture in December 2002. Infestation of Mexican fruit flies; Main grown crops in Valley Center; Crop insurance's non-coverage of losses due to quarantine.

The article reports on the Asian citrus psyllid (ACP) quarantine of commercial citrus industry in Kern County, California due to the discovery of the pests in the large fields in Bakersfield, California.

The article discusses issue of pest advisories on the hala scale by the Hawaii Department of Agriculture's Plant Pest Control Branch.

the article reports that the Coordinating Group on Alien Pest Species is putting efforts to stop the spread of the fungus killing 'ohi'a at the shores of Hawai'i. It further discussed emergency rule from the Plant Quarantine Branch of the Hawaii Department of Agriculture (DOA) that ban the shipment of 'ohi' seedlings for nursery stock, logs for firewood and all other 'ohi'a products from Hawai'i island to other sites within the state.

The article reports on Arizona Department of Agriculture Director Mark Killian's expansion of a quarantine aimed at protecting the state's commercial citrus industry and homeowners' related trees into parts of Maricopa and Yavapai counties. Topics cited include what the expanded quarantine prohibits, its purpose of stopping the spread of the Asian citrus psyllid (ACP), considered the worst citrus disease in the world, and the methods available to control the psyllid.

The article reports on the widening of the quarantine zone for the Asian citrus psyllid (ACP) in California. Topics discussed include discoveries of ACP in several areas including Santa Clara and San Joaquin counties and San Jose city, the need for retail nurseries to comply with federal and state quarantine regulations, and the capability of ACP to carry the bacterial disease Huanglongbing (HLB) or citrus greening.

The article reports that an area in South Bakersfield, Kern County, California, has been quarantined following discoveries of the Asian citrus psyllid (ACP) in Bakersfield neighborhoods, as of October 2014. Topics discussed include the quarantine zone borders, the capability of ACP to carry the Huanglongbing (HLB) disease, which is also called citrus greening, and pending ACP quarantines in other areas in the state.