Search

Plectin, a scaffolding protein overexpressed in tumor cells, plays a significant role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) proliferation, invasion, and migration. However, the use of L-type peptides for targeting plectin is hindered by their limited stability and retention. We designed a D-type plectin-targeting peptide (DPTP) and developed a novel single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) probe for HCC imaging. The DPTP targeting ability was evaluated in vitrousing flow cytometry and ex vivofluorescence imaging. 99mTc radiolabeling was performed using tricine and ethylenediamine-N,N′-diacetic acid (EDDA) as coligands after modification with 6-hydrazino nicotinamide (HYNIC) at the N termini of DPTP. The radiochemical purity (RCP), in vitrostability, and binding affinity of the prepared 99mTc-HYNIC-DPTP were analyzed. Tumor uptake, metabolic stability, biodistribution, and pharmacokinetics of 99mTc-HYNIC-DPTP were investigated and compared with those of 99mTc-labeled L-type PTP (99mTc-HYNIC-PTP) in HCC tumor-bearing mice. DPTP could be efficiently radiolabeled with 99mTc using the HYNIC/tricine/EDDA system with a high RCP and good in vitrostability. Compared with the L-type PTP, DPTP exhibited improved targeting ability, and 99mTc-HYNIC-DPTP displayed higher tumor uptake, better metabolic stability, longer blood circulation time, and lower kidney retention, resulting in superior imaging performance and biodistribution in vivo. 99mTc-HYNIC-DPTP has great potential as a novel SPECT probe for diagnosing HCC.

Ocean waves can spatiotemporally redistribute the momentum flux at the air‐sea interface, which varies with the sea state. Traditional atmosphere‐ocean coupled systems assume the ocean‐side stress (τoc) to be identical to the air‐side stress (τa); consequently, the role of ocean waves is neglected. In this study, the wave impacts on the air‐sea momentum flux are investigated based on 1‐year high‐resolution model simulations in the Baltic Sea using an atmosphere‐wave coupled model (Uppsala University‐Coupled Model, UU‐CM). The simulation results show that τoccan differ significantly from τain both direction and magnitude. The direction difference between τocand τa(DD(τoc, τa)) and the normalized momentum flux (τ∼=∣τoc∣/∣τa∣) decrease with increasing inverse wave age. In general, τ∼and DD(τoc, τa) are pronounced under wind‐following swell and wind‐crossing swell conditions, respectively. The occurrence frequencies of large τ∼and DD(τoc, τa) are higher nearer the coast; statistically, both decrease significantly with increasing water depth because of the joint effect of dissipation processes. Based on four selected areas, we find that alongshore winds (winds blowing parallel to the coastline) are favorable for large angular differences between τocand τa(DD(τoc, τa) > 5°). However, onshore winds predominate at τ∼>1.05. The τain the wave model is generally less than that obtained from the atmospheric model under low‐moderate wind conditions if the wave model feeds only the Charnock coefficient (roughness length) back to the atmospheric model in coupled systems. Ocean waves can both spatially and temporally redistribute the momentum flux at the air‐sea interface, which varies with the sea state. However, traditional atmosphere‐ocean coupled systems assume that the momentum flux to the oceanic interior, represented by the ocean‐side stress, is identical to the air‐side stress without considering wave effects. In this study, we investigate the wave impacts on the air‐sea momentum flux based on 1‐year high‐resolution model simulations using an atmosphere‐wave coupled model. The results show that ocean waves can cause the ocean‐side stress (both the magnitude and the direction) to deviate from the air‐side stress, which occurs more frequently in coastal areas. The magnitude and direction differences between the ocean‐side and air‐side stresses are most remarkable under wind‐following swell and wind‐crossing swell conditions, respectively. Compared with offshore winds, winds parallel to the coastline are favorable for large direction differences between the ocean‐ and air‐side stresses, whereas onshore winds are dominant for a large normalized momentum flux (ratio between the ocean‐side and air‐side stresses). Waves can alter the ocean‐side stress from the air‐side stress in both the direction and magnitude, which occurs frequently in coastal areasThe direction (magnitude) difference between the ocean‐ and air‐side stresses is significant under wind‐crossing (wind‐following) swellOnshore (alongshore) winds are favorable for large magnitude (direction) differences between the ocean‐ and air‐side stresses Waves can alter the ocean‐side stress from the air‐side stress in both the direction and magnitude, which occurs frequently in coastal areas The direction (magnitude) difference between the ocean‐ and air‐side stresses is significant under wind‐crossing (wind‐following) swell Onshore (alongshore) winds are favorable for large magnitude (direction) differences between the ocean‐ and air‐side stresses

A 39-year-old woman with a history of pulmonary neuroendocrine carcinoma segmental palliative resection underwent a 99mTc-MDP bone scintigraphy to evaluate possible osseous metastases. The static images revealed diffuse elevated activity in the left hemithorax, more prominent in the lower thorax, which is suggestive of malignant pleural effusion. However, SPECT/CT images showed that the elevated activity was from pleura-based soft tissue masses, which were confirmed as recurrent tumor pathologically after biopsy.