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Byline: Paul Rhodes In his new book, How the World Ran Out of Everything, global economics correspondent for the New York Times, Peter S. Goodman investigated the worldwide shortages during [...]

Byline: Paul Rhodes David Ben-Gurion, Israel's first prime minister, once said: 'In order to be a realist, you must believe in miracles.' I didn't see any miracles during a five-day [...]

Byline: Paul Rhodes Dutch driver Max Verstappen may have claimed victory at the Miami Grand Prix on May 7, but it was Formula 1 president and CEO Stefano Domenicali who [...]

Byline: Paul Rhodes New to Formula 1? This F1 guide will get you up to speed quickly on the world's fastest, most technically advanced form of motor racing. The name [...]

ABSTRACTMental illness identities are personally and socially constructed and impact psychological wellbeing. This study explored how athletes diagnosed with a personality disorder construct their illness identity and the various ways this impacted experience. Guided by an interpretivist paradigm, we recruited two powerlifters, Samantha and Alex, who engaged in a series of one-to-one interviews. In total, 11 hours of data was collected and analysed using dialogical narrative analysis. The personality disorder diagnosis had significant but divergent influences on each athlete. Samantha accepted the diagnosis, aligning to dominant medical understandings of mental illness and using these to construct renewed understandings of the self. In contrast, Alex told a counternarrative to dominant medical discourses of mental illness, which was characterised by stories of activism. Alex sought an alternate diagnosis, autism spectrum disorder (ASD), which better validated their experience. We discuss implications of this work for those operating in sport, such as the importance of allowing athletes to develop their own understandings of mental illness to allow for the construction of an authentic self.

In this paper, eight practicing psychologists, a dog (Oscar), white cockatoos, crimson rosellas, blue gums, plum blossoms, the words of theorists of eco-psychology and post-humanism joined together for two days with the mountains of the Darug and Gundungurra peoples, to explore questions about psychology and its capacity to respond to the climate crisis. We designed a series of psychoterratic exercises for this purpose: (1) a bio-graphical definitional ceremony, (2) a series of short lectures and readings set to the poetics of open dialogue, (3) a sympoietic vegetal-thinking exercise, (4) a bush-psychogeography and (5) a final reflection on praxis. We present our findings, written in bricolage, a compost of experiences and ideas both horizontal and vertical, written, drawn and photographic.

Psychology as a science has focussed on internal landscapes at the expense of external ones, a fact that becomes increasingly problematic as we struggle to accept and respond to the climate crisis and its psychoterratic sequelae. This paper, written at the time of the 2019/2020 summer bushfires in Australia, takes inspiration from the Romantic Science of von Humboldt to document our affective response to our natural environment. We aimed, through a method of Flaneurie, to focus and respond and in doing so advocate for this kind of meandering as psychogeographic research. We were inspired also, in presenting our findings, by contemporary post-qualitative methodology, weaving together our observation and introspection in bricolage, to access knowledge beyond the nosology of presumptions, codes and themes. This paper links mental health and well-being to the natural environment, today a political objective. Showing that the human-nature relationship has crucial leverage for the subjects psyche and thus is highly relevant for psychology and psychological science.

Practicing psychologists are typically positioned as expert practitioners, disembodied from their own psyche and the spiritual realm, engaged in assessment, formulation and intervention with their focus on the other. This paper serves as a psychologists’ arts-based visual inquiry, engaging in a dialogical research with his own psyche. In particular it serves as an inquiry about religion and restoration. The questions that I asked were. (1) How might we find hope in an apocalypse? (2) Can religion be possible without God? (3) How might art serve a form of restoration without psychology?

The article presents an interview with Peter S. Goodman, who discusses his book "How the World Ran Out of Everything," which explores how the COVID-19 pandemic exposed vulnerabilities in the global supply chain. He discusses the reliance of supply chain on just-in-time shipping and manufacturing in China to cut costs, reshoring, and China regaining some of the market share it has lost since the pandemic.

This autoethnography tells the story of myself, a blonde haired blue-eyed Aboriginal woman exploring identity and belonging. It begins with a brief overview of the dark history that Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people have experienced as a result of colonisation and policy makers. An autoethnographic journal was kept over the course of several months, documenting affective responses to questions concerning the aboriginal identity of the author. These subjective responses informed a written personal narrative as well as creating the foundation for retrospective reflections on the journal that appears later in the autoethnography. A number of theories are then explored in an effort to explain the phenomena behind finding and belonging to two cultures, white Australian and Aboriginal.

Post-COVID-19 environments have challenged our embodied identities with these challenges coming from a variety of domains, that is, microbiological, semiotic, and digital. We are embedded in a new complex set of relations, with other species, with cultural signs, and with technology and venturing further into an era that pushes back on our anthropocentrism to create a post-human dystopia. This does not imply that we are less human or forfeit ethics in this state of flux, but can lead to considering new ways of being alive and humanists. The aim of this project was to explore walking through our associated psychogeographies as captured in photographs and text from individual walks, as the means by which to characterize responses to the distress of the pandemic and to assess resistance to non-being. The psychogeographies were the starting points for our dialogic enquiry between authors who each represent living theory, representing their own emergent knowledge, inseparable from personal commitments and history. Walking and the associated images and reflections, provided a way to regulate our affect, reconnecting with our bodies, leading to understand and adapt to new meanings of context and ways of coping and healing in this new becoming. The interdisciplinarity of philosophy, social psychology, botany, and clinical psychology is nonetheless rejected in favour of multi-vocality; each author representing their own emergent, living theory, inseparable from personal commitments, and history.

It is home to Ferrari, where in 2008, as team principal, Domenicali won a Constructors' Championship, F1's top prize for race teams, and to Lamborghini, where he was chief executive from 2016 to 2021, when he left to run Formula 1. Some 400,000 fans headed to Austin for the United States Grand Prix last year - the most of any race on the F1 calendar - while Formula 1 said that in 2021 followers across Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, YouTube, TikTok, Snapchat, Twitch and Chinese social platforms increased to 49.1 million. FEATURES DUTCH DRIVER MAX VERSTAPPEN MAY HAVE claimed victory at the Miami Grand Prix on May 7, but it was Formula 1 president and CEO Stefano Domenicali who was the real winner. F1 has also extended a scholarship program, started in 2020 with a $1 million personal donation by Domenicali's predecessor, Chase Carey, to give young people from underrepresented groups the chance to work in and train as engineers in Formula 1. [Extracted from the article]

ABSTRACTA meta-synthesis was conducted to explore the experiences of ultra-runners who had sustained a running related injury. We identified 10 narrative studies which were synthesised thematically before being re-organised within an Embodiment framework producing 5 taxonomies; The Disciplined Body, Embodied Distress, Corporeal Running Identity, Intersubjectivity of pain and Embodied Coping. Ultra-running is a body centred activity exemplifying Merleau-Ponty’s embodiment. These runners develop a heightened kinaesthetic awareness and embodied sense of space developed through many hours of ‘burning in’ movement pathways. Running as a habituated and pre-reflective action means that when experiencing injury, the entire world of the ultra-runner is disrupted, calling into question their corporeal identity. Ultra-runners who experience pain or injury may have the opportunity to resist dominant pain narratives by adopting an embodied approach to healing. This meta-synthesis has implications for further research, examining the embodied meaning injured ultra-runners make from injury and how this impacts their experiences of their bodies.

Background: Families and carers are pivotal in supporting loved ones experiencing eating disorders. This role can bring immense distress and burden, yet the experience of caring for someone with an enduring eating disorder has had minimal research focus. Thus, the purpose of this study is to give voice to carers empowering their stories to increase awareness and understanding, which could inform support to carers and consequently people with a lived and/or living experience of eating disorders. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 9 carers supporting individuals who had been experiencing an eating disorder for 7 or more years. Data were collected and analysed using narrative inquiry approach. Results: Carers’ narratives revealed feelings of guilt and personal failure; a profound sense of disillusion with current treatment approaches; and immense grief and anguish. As they negotiated a tenuous relationship with hope and the uncertainty of their loved one’s future, carers spoke to a complex myriad of feelings of acceptance, letting go, and forging on. Conclusion: Carers deserve to have their voices heard where they are too often silenced. Their narratives provide an urgent call for transformation in our treatments for eating disorders and further involvement of carers within the treatment journey, and their lived experience perspectives have great potential to guide this endeavour. Level of Evidence: Level V, qualitative interviews.

Maudsley Family Therapy (MFT), and its manualised version, Family-Based Therapy (FBT), are the only well-established treatment interventions for adolescent anorexia nervosa (AN), with treatment efficacy primarily measured by improvements in eating behaviours and weight restoration. A crucial component of this therapy is an intensive home-based refeeding intervention that requires a substantial commitment from parents for up to one year. While this treatment works to restore weight in a proportion of adolescents, very little is known about its impacts on family distress, relationships and identity, including in the 40% of families where the adolescent experiences ongoing eating disorder (ED) symptomatology and/or psychological distress during and post-treatment. Specifically, few studies have investigated the impacts of MFT/FBT treatment on family functioning or on how parents negotiate their identities, or who they understand themselves to be, in the context of this treatment intervention. This is a significant omission, given the substantive role assigned to parents to take responsibility for their child’s eating restoration in the first treatment phase. This study seeks to address this gap through a qualitative exploration of parents’ experiences of MFT/FBT, in cases where treatment was discontinued and/or their child continued to experience psychological distress post-treatment. 13 parents participated in in-depth semi-structured interviews that scaffolded between their experiences and ways they negotiated and sustained their identities as parents within the context of MFT/FBT for their child. Interview data was analysed through a framework of critical discursive analysis to generate themes centred on these parents’ experiences and identity negotiation. Key findings are that MFT/FBT: (1) provided a map for therapy that initially relieved parents’ anxieties for their child and facilitated improvements in family functioning; (2) inadequately addressed parental guilt and blame with a form of externalisation of the illness; (3) perpetuated parental guilt by raising anxiety about AN and allocating responsibility for refeeding their child in phase 1 of the treatment; and (4) when ceased, left these parents struggling with an uncertain future, and fears for the wellbeing of their children. The structure of MFT/FBT provided initial relief with some improvements in family communication patterns, however, when the adolescent experienced protracted ED symptoms and/or ongoing psychological distress post-treatment, these parents were left with uncertainty as to how to navigate their shifting roles and their child’s ongoing struggles. This research highlights the need for treatments for adolescent AN that more comprehensively address both the adolescent and parents’ psychological distress and also (re)build their senses of identity that have been challenged by AN and its effects.

Maudsley Family Therapy and its manualised version Family-Based Therapy for Anorexia Nervosa (FBT-AN) have accrued the most significant research evidence-base for the treatment of adolescent Anorexia Nervosa (AN). A tradition of seeking augmentations for this treatment has also been established to enhance efficacy. There exists, however, a gap in the uptake of this form of manualised treatment into the “real world” of clinicians who work with adolescent AN. This research study investigated the key experiences and identity negotiations of a group of nine Australian clinicians who were interested in contributing to research into ways that Maudsley and FBT-AN might be improved. Nine clinicians, who at the time of the interview practised or had previously practised, FBT-AN participated in a semi-structured interview. A critical discursive analysis of interview transcripts generated a thematic map of these therapists’ experiences and identity negotiations in their practice of FBT-AN. These therapists experienced the structure of FBT-AN as both a secure map for therapy, yet also constraining at times, in their work with adolescents and their families. Additionally, their professional identities were both invested and troubled by the identity position of themselves as evidence-based practitioners, particularly where evidence-based practice (EBP) meant strict fidelity to the manual and restrained them from tailoring a broader range of therapeutic interventions to an individual adolescent and their family. Within their narratives, these therapists refashioned alternative identity positions around what it meant to be an evidence-based practitioner through listening to and drawing on their clinical expertise of what works in therapeutic practice with an individual adolescent and their family. These therapists narratives highlight the power of the dominant discourse of EBP that works to privilege the research evidence over other forms of evidence that include clinician expertise and client preferences. The dilemmas faced by these therapists questioned not only the strict application of FBT-AN for adolescent AN across diverse therapeutic contexts, but also the effects of supervisory practices that paralleled this strict fidelity to the model. Further research is needed into therapeutic interventions and supervisory practices that give greater scope for clinicians to draw on their expertise in the flexible tailoring of treatments to the unique needs and preferences of the individual adolescent and their family.

Drawing upon and infused by the ‘micropolitical’ moves of Deleuze and Guattari, this article arose out of a participative workshop at the 2018 International Congress of Qualitative Inquiry that took up Braidotti's proposition to explore how collaborative writing ‘like breathing, [is] not held into the mould of linearity, or the confines of the printed page, but move[s] outwards, out of bounds, in webs of encounters with ideas, others, texts’ (Braidotti, 2013, p. 166). We worked with the view that collaborative writing is a political act, a ‘minor gesture’ (Manning, 2016), a world making that opens up to the new and challenges the sedimented. This is an article that engages in and with collaborative writing, that dances with ideas of what collaborative writing might be and, crucially, what it might do.

This article is a collection of poetry by psychologists who practice in cities, mainly sunny Sydney, with solidarity from others. Poetic introspection gives us access beyond the visible into the affective atmosphere present in our therapy rooms, but also embodied at the beach, in the streets, in houses and apartments, in schools and further beyond the crowds to the bush and further to the island prisons and England and the United States. We present poetry as cultural data, a snapshot of the city.

Anecdotally it is well known that eating disorder memoirs are popular with people with anorexia nervosa and recovery stories are readily available online. However, no research to date has empirically explored whether such stories are helpful for current sufferers. The aim of the current pilot study was to explore the efficacy of recovery narratives as a means of improving motivation and self-efficacy and to qualitatively explore patient perspectives of such stories. Fifty-seven women with anorexia nervosa and subclinical anorexia nervosa participated in this online study. Participants were randomised to either receive recovery stories or to a wait-list control group. After completing baseline measures, participants read five stories about recovery, and completed post-intervention measures two weeks later. The quantitative results indicated that reading stories of recovery had no effect on motivation and self-efficacy over a two-week period. In contrast, the qualitative results showed that the stories generated thoughts about the possibility of recovery and the majority indicated they would recommend them to others. This study adds to a growing body of research exploring the integration of voices of lived experience into treatment approaches. Future research should focus on 1) identifying for whom and at which stage of illness recovery stories might be helpful; 2) the mechanism via which they might operate; and 3) the most helpful way of presenting such stories.

For people with anorexia nervosa (AN), compulsive exercise is characterized by extreme concerns about the perceived negative consequences of stopping/reducing exercise, dysregulation of affect, and inflexible exercise routines. It is associated with increased eating disorder psychopathology and poor clinical outcome. However, its relationships with two important clinical issues, quality of life (QoL) and motivation to change, are currently unknown. This study aimed to assess the cross-sectional relationships between compulsive exercise, QoL, psychological distress (anxiety and depressive symptoms, and obsessive-compulsive traits) and motivation to change in patients with AN. A total of 78 adults with AN participated in this study, which was nested within a randomized controlled trial of psychological treatments for AN. At baseline (pre-treatment), participants completed questionnaires assessing compulsive exercise, eating disorder (ED) psychopathology, QoL, psychological distress and motivation to change. Baseline correlational analyses demonstrated a moderate positive relationship between compulsive exercise and ED psychopathology, and a weak positive relationship between compulsive exercise and psychological distress. There was a moderate negative relationship between compulsive exercise and eating disorder QoL. These results indicate compulsive exercise is moderately associated with poorer QoL and weakly associated with higher distress. Targeting compulsive exercise in the treatment of anorexia nervosa may help reduce the burden of illness and improve patients’ engagement in treatment. ACTRN12610000585022. Taking a LEAP forward in the treatment of anorexia nervosa: a randomized controlled trial. NHMRC grant: 634922.

A meta-synthesis was conducted to explore women’s constructions of anorexia nervosa and childhood trauma. Following a systematic review of the literature, six studies were isolated and synthesized within a material-discursive-intrapsychic framework to produce five taxonomies: “objectified and controlled bodies,” “the abject body,” “embodied emotions and self-harm,” “medicalizing the body-as-object,” and “embodied meanings and new possibilities.” The women’s experience of anorexia, their bodies, and shifting subjectivities was a response to the materiality of childhood abuse. The women discursively constructed anorexia nervosa as a means of negotiating bodily distress associated with trauma and renegotiating their identities to produce a cohesive, embodied self. This meta-synthesis has implications for further research that elucidates how women make meaning from the transformations of their embodied subjectivities.

This paper serves as a collaborative auto-ethnography of psychological researchers, engaged in a unique encounter with each other and with the streets, artefacts, history and ghosts of Vienna, the City of Dreams. This small international and interdisciplinary group engaged in four pre-planned exercises in this city, each geared towards developing the sensitivity of researchers to notions of embodied introspection. Participants were asked to recollect and diarise their internal dialogue and these voices were assembled according to the practice of bricolage. This paper aims to demonstrate how new forms of knowledge might be created, based on the material experience of place, and the assembling of the collective imagination of researchers. It also aims to demonstrate how this collective imagination might be written about in novel ways, with a decentred author capturing the atmosphere while it lasts.

This paper serves as an auto ethnography, of my own body on the move, moving me, as the research instrument/a running body, in context, in a new horizontal map of cities, a clunky poetry in motion, carrying inside it a vertical polyphony of voices, whose conversations are determined rhy(m)ezomatically by the route and the music, until my own voice joins in. It serves to represent the imaginative process experienced on a journey through place, through the historical streets of Chicago, Milan, Florence, Sydney, and Vienna in search of the renewal of my academic practice and of my own disembodied self. The voices discovered on the run are later set free to interact independently with the sitting and walking world.

This study investigated patient experience in a Family Admissions Program (FAP) – a pilot treatment program for adolescents with Anorexia Nervosa at the Children’s Hospital, Westmead. Based on Maudsley Family Based Treatment (FBT), the FAP involves an adolescent and his/her family undergoing a two-week family-based hospital admission at the outset of treatment. The program aims to increase intensity and support to a level needed by some families struggling to engage with or access FBT. Narrative Inquiry and Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis were used as a dual methodological approach to explore the prospective expectations and retrospective experiences of participants partaking in the program. Results indicated that in cases where the family unit has been particularly fractured as a result of the eating disorder, the FAP offers an opportunity for relational strengthening and reunification. Combined with the program’s intensive support and proximity to hospital services, this serves to provide struggling families with enhanced skills and a stronger foundation for outpatient FBT. For families deemed at risk of unsuccessful outcomes with FBT, the FAP can be considered as an appropriate treatment adjunct to place alongside or before the commencement of FBT.

The aim of this research was to investigate the relationship between family functioning, adolescent-parent attachment and remission, as well as changes in these variables over time for adolescents with severe anorexia nervosa treated with family based treatment (FBT). Understanding how families respond to treatment is important because the family will be the ongoing context for psychosocial development in the longer term. The relationship between family functioning and outcome is also an important variable because it is potentially modifiable during treatment and this may improve outcome. Fifty-seven female adolescents treated with FBT in a randomised controlled trial were assessed at baseline, FBT session 20 and 12-months post FBT session 20. Data on family functioning and adolescent-parent attachment was collected from patients and their parents at each time point. A series of regression analyses were used to determine the relationship between family functioning and comorbidity at baseline, and the relationship with remission status over time. Repeat measure mixed-effects models were used to assess changes in family functioning and attachment quality over time. Greater adolescent perceived family functioning impairment was positively related to psychiatric comorbidity at the start of treatment. Conversely, better family functioning predicted higher self-esteem and stronger attachment quality. Adolescent’s reporting better general family functioning, communication and problem solving were more likely to be remitted at session 20, but not at 12-month follow-up. There was no overall improvement in family functioning for any respondent either during treatment or at follow-up, and no significant relationship between change and remission at either session 20 or follow-up. The adolescent’s perspective on family functioning at the start of treatment impacts on a positive outcome. Addressing family issues earlier in FBT may be important for some patients. Further research is needed in this area to determine how these findings could be integrated into the current FBT model. Australian Clinical Trials Register number: ACTRN012607000009415 (www.anzctr.org.au).

The aim of this research was to investigate the process of familial relationship change for adolescents with anorexia nervosa and their parents, who participated in Family-Based Treatment (FBT). A Constructionist grounded theory design was employed with purposive sampling. Sixteen young people between 12 and 18 years with a good outcome in FBT and twenty-eight of their parents participated. Young people and their parents took part in separate interviews at the end of treatment. Each interview was transcribed and analysed to identify a unifying phenomenon across the data to elicit a theory that explained the data and then integrated into existing theory. Prior to treatment families’ experienced significant conflict, disconnection and isolation. The FBT structure, therapist direction, and the specialist medical setting created a process of relational containment. This enabled parents to trust the process of FBT and develop confidence in their executive role in the family. In turn this allowed the adolescent with anorexia nervosa to trust their parents, feel more secure and gradually engage in the treatment process themselves. Improvements in closeness, communication and adolescent sense of self were reported after FBT. These findings illuminate a possible mechanism of change in FBT. It underscores the importance of parental management of eating disorder symptoms at the commencement of treatment to enable increased parental confidence. Meaningful changes occurred for the adolescents’ that aided normal developmental and relational processes, an important aspect of recovery. Australian Clinical Trials Register number: ACTRN012607000009415

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the textWhile the need for psychotherapeutic services for refugees is well documented, little is known about the acceptability and validity of these approaches, especially from refugee and staff perspectives. Qualitative studies of user experience provide critical insight into the utility of current service approaches, and is both clinically and ethically indicated. Therefore, a systematic review of client and provider experiences of psychotherapeutic services is presented (11 studies), combining thematic synthesis and meta-ethnographic approaches. Key concepts to achieving acceptable care were: mutual understanding, addressing complex needs, discussing trauma and cultural competence. Each concept was enabled, or hindered, by a set of related themes. Results found that while practical assistance and advocacy are important to refugee clients, these aspects of care should remain rooted in therapeutic processes of mutual understanding, narrative continuity and self-empowerment through self-efficacy. Further, more ethically rigorous research is still needed in this critical area.

New members of Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) typically acquire a distinct “alcoholic” identity, including AA-specific understandings of their “alcoholism” and what it means to be in recovery. Although much qualitative research on AA has presented the experiences of members who have embraced this identity and have been wholly praising of AA, other theorists have been strongly critical of the organization, often arguing that it emulates a cult. To contribute toward reconciling these competing bodies of research, the current study aimed to critically explore the impact of adopting AA's master narrative.

A bold step forward in our approach to Severe and Enduring Anorexia Nervosa invites new paradigms for research and practice. It provides an opportunity for us to explore fault lines, both in our communities of practice and the social structures that inform them. This paper serves to question the medical metaphors on which treatment has been based, in favour of alternative perspectives that resonate more clearly with the lived experience of those for whom it has failed. We invite the consideration of alternative metaphors, which can disrupt the notion of heroic patients (and therapists), mediate against acts of self-silencing and sensitising us to more radical acts of listening. Beyond the randomised trials and manuals it is time for us to listen to the realities of suffering, the minutiae of resistance and the life that can still be lived.

The nature and form of interventions received by survivors of mass violence in conflict situations both directly and indirectly impact on the survivors’ ability to support building sustainable peace and development. This article examines the role of sensitivity to the trauma experienced by the survivors in the interventions provided after mass violence. By examining the experiences and perceptions of South Sudanese refugees in Kakuma Refugee Camp in Northwestern Kenya, this article explores the complex interplay of violence, trauma, interventions, peacebuilding and development. Interventions that take into consideration the multifaceted ways in which the survivors experience and respond to traumatic events, encourage capacities for resilience in the survivors, engage the creative arts, and emphasise the centrality of community and relationships, may assist the survivors in recovery from trauma and facilitate sustainable peacebuilding and development, as well as avert the possibility of recurring violence.

ABSTRACTThe current study aimed to explore the effect of recovery stories on challenging stigma towards those who experience anorexia nervosa. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 25 participants before and after exposure to an anorexia nervosa recovery narrative. Audio recordings were transcribed verbatim. Transcripts were then analysed using thematic analysis, informed by an interpretative phenomenological framework. Exposure to a recovery narrative challenged participants, enabling them to recognise the subjective experience of those living with anorexia. Their views shifted, from minimising the effects of the condition, to understanding its severity and legitimacy as a mental illness. Participants also shifted from a reductionist view to one that embraced the complexity of the illness, its aetiology and the significant challenge of recovery. These findings highlight the benefit of using recovery narratives to change popular discourse and stigmatised views.

ABSTRACTIn this study, we aimed to examine the psychological experience over the course of an inpatient treatment implementing rapid-refeeding protocol for adolescent patients with anorexia nervosa (AN). Ten female participants were included in the study and interviews were conducted on a weekly basis over the course of their admissions. Interviews were audio-recorded and analysed according to the principles of thematic analysis. Results revealed a multidimensional process broadly implicating three phases of treatment; reconciling with the ‘AN’ diagnosis, adjustment to treatment, and reflection and integration. Overall, these phases demonstrated a complex and often ambivalent psychological process whereby acceptance for physical and medical interventions was often in conflict with individuals’ affective experiences. Clinical implications of these findings are discussed and avenues for future research highlighted.

ABSTRACTFamily therapy is a key treatment approach for anorexia nervosa (AN), and family-based treatment (FBT) is now well supported for the treatment of adolescents. Qualitative research exploring treatment for AN from the patient’s perspective has an important role in understanding engagement and stimulating potential augmentations. The aim of this review was to describe patients’ experiences of family interventions for AN. Five databases were searched: PSYCINFO, MEDLINE, SCOPUS, CINAHL, and Web of Science, and a systematic review and meta-synthesis of 15 studies were conducted. Fourteen descriptive themes emerged, which were grouped into four conceptual themes: relinquishing control ambivalently (initial treatment resistance, authoritative care, and recovery not done alone), improved family relationships (increase openness and honesty, decreased conflict, improved intra-family understanding, rectifying structural issues, and externalisation of AN), neglect of underlying issues (cause of AN, issues other than AN, and need for individual work), and failure to address some family issues (focus on surface issues, lack of family engagement, and involvement of siblings). Findings indicated significant concordance with quantitative research regarding strengths of family-based approaches, including support of family understanding and use of the family as a resource for recovery. Addressing a variety of underlying family and individual issues was implicated as an area for improvement.

Weight restoration is considered a principal outcome for treatment of Anorexia Nervosa (AN) due to the significant physiological disturbances resultant from acute states of malnutrition. Treatment outcomes for populations with AN are relatively poor, with increasing evidence suggesting that weight restoration alone is insufficient for long-term recovery. Research aimed at understanding the psychological sequaele of AN, in particular during weight restoration, nevertheless remain scarce. This systematic review aimed to evaluate existing research regarding anxiety symptoms during treatment for AN, and the relationship of anxiety symptomology and weight restoration. Twelve articles were identified from a systematic search of three electronic databases (PsycINFO, MEDLINE, and Web of Science), and were eligible for inclusion. Study methodology, results and quality were reviewed. Results regarding change in anxiety symptomology were inconsistent, though evidence did not support a relationship between anxiety change and weight restoration. Reasons for these inconsistencies and limitations of included studies were reviewed. Further research is warranted to elucidate the role of anxiety in AN and its implications for treatment and longer-term outcome.

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The current study explored the role of exercise across the lifespan in patients with anorexia nervosa (AN). Twenty-four female participants were recruited: 10 currently in treatment for AN, 7 partially recovered and 7 fully recovered, according to stringent criteria. Participants completed the eating disorder examination (EDE) and a semi-structured interview where they were invited to share their story of their illness, with a specific focus on exercise. A qualitative analysis using narrative inquiry methodology was conducted. We found that exercise can be a significant part of the individual's life in various stages – premorbidly, and in treatment and recovery processes. Important themes across stages included: rapid transformation into compulsive exercise during AN; importance of containment processes during treatment; appropriate limit setting and accountability in early stages of recovery; and the gradual transformation into healthy exercise in full recovery. Results were developed into a model of exercise depicting these themes. Clinical implications to support reintegrating healthy exercise include the use of psycho-education and structured exercise interventions, working within consistent clinical guidelines for exercise in treatment. Ongoing interpersonal and therapeutic support is also required for patients to re-establish healthy exercise as part of a whole balanced life in recovery.

There is no consensus in the field of eating disorders as to how recovery from anorexia nervosa (AN) should be best defined. Definitions of recovery vary vastly between studies. This has been identified as a major barrier in the field. The aim of the current article was to determine whether leading experts could reach consensus on how to define recovery from AN and the best method/s for assessing this. This study used the Delphi technique, a method designed for reaching agreement on an issue. Participants were 21 international experts who completed 3 rounds of iterative questionnaires. Participants reached consensus on the need for a comprehensive definition of recovery, which includes physical, behavioural, and psychological indicators. There was a lack of consensus on specifying a body mass index cut-off or specific time frame required for recovery. The importance of quality of life in measuring and defining recovery was also emphasised. These findings add to a growing body of literature that suggests that recovery is more than the restoration of weight. While there were more areas of agreement than disagreement, results suggest that aspects of recovery from AN, such as universal weight criteria, remain difficult to define. Recommendations for defining and measuring recovery are proposed.

ABSTRACTSepsis is a medical emergency demanding early diagnosis and tailored antimicrobial therapy. Every hour of delay in initiating effective therapy measurably increases patient mortality. Blood culture is currently the reference standard for detecting bloodstream infection, a multistep process which may take one to several days. Here, we report a novel paradigm for earlier detection and the simultaneous identification of pathogens in spiked blood cultures by means of a metabolomic “fingerprint” of the volatile mixture outgassed by the organisms. The colorimetric sensor array provided significantly faster detection of positive blood cultures than a conventional blood culture system (12.1 h versus 14.9 h, P< 0.001) while allowing for the identification of 18 bacterial species with 91.9% overall accuracy within 2 h of growth detection. The colorimetric sensor array also allowed for discrimination between unrelated strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, indicating that the metabolomic fingerprint has the potential to track nosocomial transmissions. Altogether, the colorimetric sensor array is a promising tool that offers a new paradigm for diagnosing bloodstream infections.

ABSTRACTU.S. health care is converting from paper to digital information management. This conversion has passed the tipping point and is showing evidence of the benefits. Yet effective clinical information systems for dentistry have barely begun to be adopted. Dentistry is changing and the new practice models will require digital information management, as there is increasing pressure for evidence-based practice, continuity of care and demonstration of the quality of care resulting from these models.

Purpose: There is growing evidence that siblings have a role to play in the recovery from adolescent anorexia nervosa (AN), yet we know very little about the effect that AN has on them and what they do to cope. This study aims to investigate the impact of AN on adolescent siblings. Method: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 adolescent siblings of young people being treated for AN, and analysed using thematic analysis. Results: The results indicate that the effects of AN on the sibling relationship can be variable, with older siblings with a pre-existing close relationship with the patient faring the best. Siblings described a number of factors that supported coping, including knowing more about the illness, the need for regular ‘time-out’ from stressful events and interactions and close supportive relationships with family members. Involvement in family-based treatment appeared to improve understanding of AN and enhanced communication within the family. Problems with family-based therapy (FBT) were discussed. Conclusion: Addressing the needs of well siblings has the potential to improve outcomes for them and their sibling with AN. FBT goes some way towards doing this, but addressing difficulties that siblings experienced could lead to further improvements in treatment.

We have designed and implemented a practical nanoelectronic interface to G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs), a large family of membrane proteins whose roles in the detection of molecules outside eukaryotic cells make them important pharmaceutical targets. Specifically, we have coupled olfactory receptor proteins (ORs) with carbon nanotube transistors. The resulting devices transduce signals associated with odorant binding to ORs in the gas phase under ambient conditions and show responses that are in excellent agreement with results from established assays for OR–ligand binding. The work represents significant progress on a path toward a bioelectronic nose that can be directly compared to biological olfactory systems as well as a general method for the study of GPCR function in multiple domains using electronic readout.

The article comments on a flute and piano composition by William Alwyn entitled "Sonata for Flute and Piano." The Sonata is described as a piece abounding with melody, passion and rhythmical excitement. It was however, mentioned that the piano part from the first performance has disappeared leaving Alwyn's thoughts, additions, and corrections. The authors also criticize Alwyn's draft manuscript which, according to them, contains a tranquillo section.

Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a complex illness that has the potential to develop into a long-term presentation. When this occurs, the best way of treating this stage of the disease is currently being debated with new models of care being investigated and compared to more traditional approaches to treatment. One of the difficulties in developing more effective treatment is the lack of understanding into how and why the AN illness transitions from an earlier to later stage. It was the aim of the current study to discover the changes that occur as the AN illness progresses. A total of 11 women were interviewed to discuss their experience of AN as it progressed into a long-term illness. It was discovered that across participants, five themes emerged: (a) transition, (b) trauma, (c) functionality, (d) identity, and (e) failure of current models of treatment. Possible reasons as to why current treatment approaches are not working for long-term AN are discussed. Recommendations are made for improving education for health professionals so as to reduce the trauma that is currently being experienced by some individuals with a long-standing illness.

Objective: Since efforts to stage anorexia nervosa (AN) revealed the existence of various presentations, research into the long-standing subgroup has increased. A change in treatment has been proposed with the intention to use more effective evidence-based methods that target symptoms of the long-standing presentation and improve prognosis. A barrier in achieving this goal in both research and clinical contexts is the lack of a consistent label and definition. This makes the ability to assess, recruit and treat these presentations difficult. Investigations into how this subgroup may be differentiated from other stages of the disorder have included the opinions of practitioners and researchers with little consideration for the perspectives of individuals living with this illness. It was the aim of the current study to investigate lived experience perspectives on the way long-standing AN should be labeled and defined. Methods: Data were collected through a semi-structured interview within a narrative inquiry framework. This approach is beneficial when examining processes that occur over time, such as investigations into a long-term illness. A total of 11 women with a presentation of long-standing AN participated in an interview. Data were divided into two categories for analysis based on the association to labeling or defining the features of the long-standing AN illness. Results: Two labels emerged during the analysis with participants describing a preference for the use of ‘severe and enduring’ over ‘chronic’ when referring to their presentation of AN. When defining the illness, the most preferred criterion was illness duration with mixed perspectives for the use of previously failed treatment attempts. Participants described a consistent dislike for the use of low body weight as a feature in the defining of the illness. Conclusions: The current study describes how individuals with a lived experience prefer to have the long-standing AN presentation labeled and defined. It is the hope of the authors that these insights will be adopted into any guidelines developed to ensure individuals most affected by this disorder have a voice and continue to be given the opportunity to contribute to topics related to their illness. Plain English summary: Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a complex illness that has been divided into stages based on the severity of symptoms. Little is known about the AN stage that persists over lengthy periods of time with research pursuits underway to determine characteristics that allow this disorder to persevere. A barrier in researching and treating these individuals is the lack of a consistent label to refer to these presentations and criteria that will allow us to identify this stage of AN. The aim of the current study was to determine how individuals with a lived experience of long-standing AN prefer to have their illness labeled and defined. A total of 11 women who had experienced this stage of AN were interviewed with the majority of participants reporting to prefer the label ‘severe and enduring’ over the term ‘chronic’. Additionally, most of the participants had a preference for defining their illness based on the duration of time the illness had persisted with mixed opinions for using the number of previously unsuccessful treatment attempts as criterion. The authors are hopeful that any guidelines established for labeling and defining long-standing AN will incorporate the perspectives of individuals with a lived experience of the illness.

ABSTRACTThere are several factors to consider when restoring failing dentition in the anterior region. While a tooth can be replaced with an implant, achieving an esthetic result is challenging. The dental team must evaluate numerous criteria to define the optimal treatment plan. Among the considerations are whether to extract the tooth and perform immediate implant replacement or to perform a ridge preservation procedure. This article presents diagnostic determinants to help decide the most appropriate course of therapy to achieve functional and esthetic results.