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Biochar (BC) are widely used as highly efficient adsorbents to alleviate aromatics-based contaminants due to their ease of preparation, wide availability, and high sustainability. The surface properties of BCs usually vary greatly due to their complex chemical constituents and different preparation processes and are reflected in the values of parameters such as the specific surface area (SSA), pore volume/size, and surface functional groups (SFGs). The effects of SSA and pore volume/size on the adsorption of aromatics have been widely reported. However, the corresponding mechanisms of BC SFGs towards aromatics adsorption remains unclear as the compositions of the SFGs are usually complex and hard to determine. To address in this gap in the literature, this review introduces a new perspective on the adsorption mechanisms of aromatics. Through collecting previously-reported results, the parameters logP(logarithm of the Kow), polar surface area, and the positive/negative charges were carefully calculated using ChemDraw 3D, which allowed the hydrophobicity/hydrophilicity properties, electron donor-acceptor interactions, H-bonding, and electrostatic interactions between SFGs and aromatics-based contaminates to be inferred intuitively. These predictions were consistent with the reported results and showed that tailor-made BCs can be designed according to the molecular weights, chemical structures, and polarities of the target aromatics. Overall, this review provides new insight into predicting the physicochemical properties of BCs through revealing the relationship between SFGs and adsorbates, which may provide useful guidance for the preparing of highly-efficient, functional BCs for the adsorption of aromatics.

Simultaneous removal of SO2, NOxand Hg0using O3and corn stalk bio-charcoal (CR)/coconut shell activated carbon (CS) was compared in a fixed bed. The effects of temperature, adsorption time and ratio of O3/NO on the removal efficiency of NO, Hg0and SO2by CR/CS were studied, and the CR and CS was characterized and analyzed. The results indicated that the oxidation rate of NO and Hg0increased with the increase of O3/NO ratio, while the oxidation rate of SO2first increased and then decreased slightly. The increase of temperature inhibits the oxidation of NO but promotes the oxidation of Hg0and SO2. At 140°C and O3/NO ratio was 1.4, the oxidation rate of NO, Hg0and SO2is 99%, 78.6% and 3.5%, respectively. As O3/NO ratio increased from 0.4 to 1.4, the removal efficiency of CR for NOxincreased from 4.6% to 93%, and CS increases from 4.5% to 79%. CR and CS can reduce part of NO2and increase NO concentration at the outlet. NOxadsorption performance on CR is relatively better, while those of Hg0and SO2on CS are relatively stronger. CS has stronger physical adsorption capacity than CR. The relative content of oxygen-containing functional groups C-O and C=O on the surface of CR is higher than that of CS, while its relative content of COOH and O=C-O is lower.

Carvedilol is a drug for the treatment of congestive heart failure whose solubility in solvent and crystallization process are poorly understood. In this study, the solubilities of carvedilol in water, ethanol, acetone, tetrahydrofuran, methyl alcohol, ethyl acetate, (water + ethanol), (water + acetone), and (water + tetrahydrofuran) binary mixtures were measured in the temperature range from 278.15 to 313.15 K under atmospheric pressure by the gravimetric method. The experimental values have indicated that increasing temperature can improve the solubility of carvedilol in all selected binary solvents. To correlate the solubility data of carvedilol, the Buchowski–Ksiazaczak λhmodel was used to fit the solubility data of all pure solvents, while the solubility data of all binary solvent mixtures were fitted by the modified Apelblat equation, general cosolvency model, and Jouyban–Acree model. The results show that the modified Apelblat equation in binary mixed solvents has the lowest mean deviation and can be used as the optimal model for data fitting.

A formation model of manned/unmanned aerial vehicle (MAV/UAV) collaborative combat can qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the synergistic effects. However, there is currently no effective and appropriate model construction method or theory, and research in the field of collaborative capability evaluation is basically nonexistent. According to the actual conditions of cooperative operations, a new MAV/UAV collaborative combat network model construction method based on a complex network is presented. By analyzing the characteristic parameters of the abstract network, the index system and complex network are combined. Then, a method for evaluating the synergistic effect of the cooperative combat network is developed. This method provides assistance for the verification and evaluation of MAV/UAV collaborative combat.

The Fukushima nuclear accident in Japan in 2011 substantially undermined global nuclear development, making public acceptance a particularly crucial influential factor worldwide. Although ample studies have identified factors shaping public acceptance, few researchers have paid attention to transitions in public acceptance and perception over the long term, and consistent observations of public acceptance across different periods of the same nuclear power plant (NPP) are particularly lacking. In this study we aim to fill this gap by exploring the transitions in public acceptance of a new NPP during construction phases including before licensing, during licensing, and during construction as well as differences in the influencing factors in each phase. We build up a unique dataset obtained from three rounds of surveys over 7 years in Huizhou City, China. The results reveal that public acceptance rises over time, and that underlying factors vary along with the development of NPPs and public relations campaigns at different phases. Perceived general benefits, government trust, and knowledge of a new local NPP continuously rise with public acceptance, and public perceived health risks continuously decrease over time. As a result, it is key for the government to understand the transition to public acceptance and perceptions of nuclear power and choose different communication strategies according to different phases.

Cassava is a crucial crop that makes a significant contribution to ensuring human food security. However, high-quality telomere-to-telomere cassava genomes have not been available up to now, which has restricted the progress of haploid molecular breeding for cassava. In this study, we constructed two nearly complete haploid resolved genomes and an integrated, telomere-to-telomere gap-free reference genome of an excellent cassava variety, ‘Xinxuan 048’, thereby providing a new high-quality genomic resource. Furthermore, the evolutionary history of several species within the Euphorbiaceae family was revealed. Through comparative analysis of haploid genomes, it was found that two haploid genomes had extensive differences in linear structure, transcriptome features, and epigenetic characteristics. Genes located within the highly divergent regions and differentially expressed alleles are enriched in the functions of auxin response and the starch synthesis pathway. The high heterozygosity of cassava ‘Xinxuan 048’ leads to rapid trait segregation in the first selfed generation. This study provides a theoretical basis and genomic resource for molecular breeding of cassava haploids.

Within the framework of pQCD, we systematically study the W±/Z0boson production as a probe of cold nuclear matter effects and nuclear parton distributions in p+Pb and Pb+Pb collisions at the LHC and future colliders. A detailed analysis at partonic level is performed. Moreover, with a semi-microscopic KP model of NPDFs, in which several nuclear effects (e.g. Fermi motion and nuclear binding, the off-shell correction, the nuclear coherent correction, and the nuclear meson correction) are included, we study the vector boson rapidity distribution in p+Pb collisions at the LHC, and a very good agreement with the latest data is found, including the W-boson charge asymmetry.

Small object detection is a fundamental and challenging topic in the computer vision community. To detect small objects in images, several methods rely on feature pyramid networks (FPN), which can alleviate the conflict between resolution and semantic information. However, the FPN-based methods also have limitations. First, existing methods only focus only on regions with close spatial distance, hindering the effectiveness of long-range interactions. Second, element-wise addition ignores the different perceptive fields of the two feature layers, thus causing higher-level features to introduce noise to the lower-level features. To address these problems, we propose a cross-layer attention (CLA) block as a generic block for capturing long-range dependencies and reducing noise from high-level features. Specifically, the CLA block performs feature fusion by factoring in both the channel and spatial dimensions, which provides a reliable way of fusing the features from different layers. Because CLA is a lightweight and general block, it can be plugged into most feature fusion frameworks. On the COCO 2017 dataset, we validated the CLA block by plugging it into several state-of-the-art FPN-based detectors. Experiments show that our approach achieves consistent improvements in both object detection and instance segmentation, which demonstrates the effectiveness of our approach.

Dysregulated lipid metabolism is a characteristic of malignancies. Sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 (SREBP-1), a transcription factor playing a central role in lipid metabolism, is highly activated in malignancies. Here, we unraveled a link between miR-29 and the SCAP (SREBP cleavage-activating protein)/SREBP-1 pathway in glioblastoma (GBM) growth. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling enhances miR-29 expression in GBM cells via upregulation of SCAP/SREBP-1, and SREBP-1 activates miR-29 expression via binding to specific sites in its promoter. In turn, miR-29 inhibits SCAP and SREBP-1 expression by interacting with their 3′ UTRs. miR-29 transfection suppressed lipid synthesis and GBM cell growth, which were rescued by the addition of fatty acids or N-terminal SREBP-1 expression. Xenograft studies showed that miR-29 mimics significantly inhibit GBM growth and prolong the survival of GBM-bearing mice. Our study reveals a previously unrecognized negative feedback loop in SCAP/SREBP-1 signaling mediated by miR-29 and suggests that miR-29 treatment may represent an effective means to target GBM.

TiB2-SiC-Si composite was fabricated by reaction bonding. The influence of carbon content on the phase compositions, microstructure, density and mechanical properties was studied. The results showed that the composite consists of TiB2, SiC and Si phases. The vol% of SiC increased with the increase of C contents, while that of TiB2 and free silicon reduced respectively. The mechanical properties of TiB2-SiC-Si composites are improved initially and then deteriorated with the increase in C contents of which the optimal amount is 8 %. The optimum open porosity, volume density, Vikers-hardness, flexural strength and fracture toughness of the obtained TiB2-SiC-Si composite are 0.12 %, 3.73 g/cm3, 17 GPa, 290 MPa and 5.9 MPa·m1/2, respectively.

A mathematical model was established and validated to predict the microbubble diameter when it departing from the carbon paper and moving into the channel of μDMFC. Single bubble behaviors were studied using the model, which took the gas velocity, liquid cross-flow velocity, micro porous diameter and other parameters into account. Results indicate that the microbubble departure diameter decreases with the increasing liquid velocity, and increases with the increasing micro porous diameter and increasing gas velocity.

In order to improve the accuracy and efficiency of agricultural information service, a personalized recommended service strategy is proposed, which based on data extracted. This recommended strategy combined the characteristics of farmers with agricultural information services, and improved the individual applicability of recommendation, also provided a new way to overcome the collaborative recommended sparse matrix.

With the development of automobile industry, more and more people need automotive information. Meanwhile, there’s a great deal of network information which makes people gather information hard. To make people acquire the automotive information more efficiently, an Automotive News Push System is desperately needed. A distributed focused crawler is proposed for the system to assure that the information is accurate and timely. In this paper, distributed system framework and webpage classification are analyzed. Experimental results show that the frameworkare effective, the accuracy and efficiency of crawling are both improved.

Crop monitoring play an important role in the management of agricultural production. This paper presents an integrated platform of crop condition monitoring and diagnosis based on internet of things, as well as its structure and function design. The platform adopted the technology of the internet of things; it achieved fine management of seed and cultivates process by the means of agriculture information real-time collection and monitoring. The platform has certain application value in many agriculture activities, such as livestock management, aquaculture and other and so on.

The nonlinear torsional vibration model of a two-stage planetary gear system is established taking errors of transmission, time varying meshing stiffness and multiple gear backlashes into account. The solution of the equations is determined by using ODE45. The influences of transmission errors on the load sharing behavior are assessed and some useful theoretical guidelines for the design of planetary gear systems are provided at last.

The (4+N) DOFs (degrees of freedom) nonlinear dynamic model of the planetary gear transmission system has been established which include the horizontal displacement, vertical displacement of sun gear, eccentricity error excitation of the sun gear and planetary gear, and gear backlash. The nonlinear dynamic equations was dealt with non-dimensional. Non-dimensional relative displacement of sun gear with planet gears and planet gears with internal gear were solved by using the method of numerical integration. Load sharing coefficients of every planet gear was got by dealt with the result of dynamic equations. The differences of non-dimensional relative displacement and load sharing coefficient were contrasted.

In order to process the hardened face-gear, the worm for face-gear is studied. The research includes designing and dressing method of worm. According to the meshing relationship of face-gear, worm and shaper, coordinate systems of face-gear, worm and shaper are established. By envelope theory, the face-gear tooth surface are obtained, worm tooth surface and shaper tooth surface. The solid models of face-gear, worm and shaper were built, and the approach of dressing was simulated for hardened face-gear processed.

Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers among women in the United States. Although there are effective drugs, such as cisplatin, for treating advanced cancers, many patients eventually develop resistance. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged to play important roles in tumorigenesis and drug resistance. In this study, the authors observed a significant upregulation of miR-203 expression in human breast cancer tissues as compared to patient-matched nontumor breast tissues. Knockdown of miR-203 following cisplatin treatment enhances p53, p21, and Bax protein expression. Furthermore, knockdown of miR-203 sensitized human breast cancer MCF-7 cells to cisplatin-mediated apoptotic cell death, as evident from caspase-9 and caspase-7 activation, and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage. Moreover, the authors have demonstrated that suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) is a novel target of miR-203, and cisplatin treatment in miR-203 knockdown MCF-7 cells enhanced SOCS3 expression. Exogenous expression of SOCS3 in MCF-7 cells increased sensitization to cisplatin-mediated apoptosis. Together, the results suggested a novel role of miR-203 in conferring cisplatin resistance through suppression of SOCS3, implicating an additional therapeutic strategy may be helpful to overcome cisplatin resistance for breast cancer patients.

According to the theory of planet gear drive and the actual design requirements of ship reducer, the mathematical model of optimization for power distributional planet gear drive is set up, the optimization design variables, the optimization objective function and the restraint conditions are definited. On the base of the establishment of three hierarchical optimization method, to take advantage of its powerful optimization toolbox in Matlab, combine the basic algorithm of optimization design, optimize respectively power distributional planet gear drive from three single-objective optimization for the lightest weight, the smallest center distance, most efficient and from one multi-objective optimization of the lightest weight and smallest center distance. The optimal results showed that ship reducer weight could be further reduced.

Abstract: In this paper, the mechanical mechanism of thermal expansion buckling of no expansion joint slope pavement undergoing the action of a temperature field is analysed. By using regular perturbation method, the formula of perturbation solution for this problem is derived, the relationship between critical laying temperature difference of slope pavement and of level straight pavement is studied, and the unified solution and its numerical results are also obtained. In terms of this research, rational laying temperature of no expansion joint slope pavement is given.

Lozanski: Beckman: Research Funding; BI: Research Funding; Stem Line: Research Funding; Genentech: Research Funding; Coulter: Research Funding; Novartis: Research Funding.

Introduction:Hairy cell leukemia and some other low-grade B-LPDs are characterized by a high incidence of oncogenic mutations in the Ras-MAPK pathway, most commonly in BRAFand MAP2K1genes. In contrast, chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) has a low frequency of such mutations. To determine the patterns of emergence of Ras pathway mutations in CLL, we assessed the frequency and timing of mutations in KRAS, NRAS, BRAFand MAP2K1and their association with other CLL-associated mutations and B-cell receptor (BCR) type. We also compared expression profiles for signaling molecules for CLL with or without these mutations.