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As shown in previous studies, not only the concentration of the dissolved beer ingredients but also their molecular size could influence their filterability. Therefore, polysaccharides of malt, especially β-glucan, are reported to have the greatest impact on filtration behavior. In the present study, the effects of barley (1,3;1,4)- and yeast (1,3;1,6)-β-glucan combined with aroma-relevant substances of beer were studied in Kieselguhr and membrane filtration (polyethersulfone, 0.45 æm) using ethanolic (4% w/w) model solutions. An increasing β-glucan concentration was found to have a negative impact on both applied filter types. The concentration increase of barley β-glucan to 300 mg/L decreased the filtrate flux more than 40% during membrane filtration. In contrast, pure medium-chain fatty acid (MCFA) ethyl esters had no effect on filterability. Mixed with (1,3;1,4)-β-glucan, the filtrate flux decreased from 400 kg/(h × m2) to less than 250 kg/(h × m2). A decrease of MCFA ethyl ester up to 90% was measured in the filtrate. Compared with barley β-glucan, an equivalent concentration of yeast β-glucan caused a flux decrease of more than 95% during membrane filtration. In summary, synergistic effects on filterability with polysaccharides and fermentation byproducts could be shown.

We report the case of an 18-month-old girl who presented a complete III right cranial nerve paralysis which disappeared spontaneously in approximately three weeks without any medical therapy. Magnetic Resonance (MR) investigation performed three days after paralysis onset showed a focal area of contrast enhancement at the third cranial nerve emergence. MR performed three months later, with an absence of symptoms, showed a less evident but persistent contrast enhancement at the cranial nerve emergence. We briefly discuss the causes of inflammatory nerve involvement since a parainfective cause of nerve paralysis was implicated.

Abstract: The investigation of the intermolecular composition distribution of an ethylene/1-hexene copolymers using DSC method has been carried out. The known methods: step crystallization (SC) and successive self-nucleation/annealing (SSA) have been adapted for this purpose, and particularly, the optimal condition of the process have been chosen to enable the best fractional crystallization of the copolymer. The method has been applied for fractionation of two ethylene/1-hexenecopolymers synthesized with supported vanadium and zirconocene catalysts and having similar concentrations of 1-hexene. Although metallocene catalysts are known from their more homogeneous structure of active sites in comparison to multi-site Ziegler–Natta catalysts, the copolymers obtained over both catalytic systems gave DSC curves resolved into several peaks but with different melting points. Using the Thomson–Gibbs equation, comparable average lamellar thickness of the separated peaks has been calculated. The amounts of copolymer fraction with defined lamellar thickness have been determined. It was obtained that the copolymer produced from the metallocene system contains a thinner and more homogeneous lamella thickness than that obtained with Ziegler–Natta vanadium catalyst supported on the same carrier.

A total of 1548 eggs was transferred to the oviducts of rabbits ovariectomized 45 days to 7 months earlier. The pattern of egg transport was disrupted, and the majority of eggs were in the vagina 60–72 h after transfer.To determine the role of the ovarian hormones on egg transport, the effects of various combinations of oestrogen and progesterone were studied. None of the hormonal treatments produced the normal transport pattern and large proportions of transferred eggs were retained in the oviducts.It is concluded that as long as progesterone is the dominant hormone, eggs move very slowly through the isthmus, and that a surge of oestrogen is required to modify the action of progesterone and to speed the movement of eggs to the uterus.

Treatment of rabbits with indomethacin (10 mg/kg/day) 48 hr before mating, and with 20 mg/kg at 12 hr followed by 8 mg/kg at 48, 72 or 96 hr after mating did not affect the rate of egg transport through the oviduct. Indomethacin treatment at the time of implantation interfered with pregnancy and caused degeneration and resorption of embryos. These results suggest that inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis does not directly affect egg transport, but that prostaglandin appears to be required for the retention of implanted embryos.