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Study design: Descriptive. Objectives: The primary objective is to describe the intervention that will be provided in a large multi-centre randomised controlled trial titled: Early and Intensive Motor Training for people with Spinal Cord Injuries(the SCI-MT Trial). The secondary objective is to describe the strategies that will be used to operationalise and standardise the Motor Training provided to participants while keeping the intervention person-centred. Methods: The paper focuses on the rationale and principles of Motor Training for people with spinal cord injuries (SCI). The description of the intervention is based on the Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) checklist. Specifically, it addresses the following 6 criteria of the TIDieR checklist: why the effectiveness of Motor Training is being examined; what, how, where and when the Motor Training will be administered; and how much Motor Training will be provided. Results: A detailed intervention manual has been developed to help standardise the delivery of the intervention. Conclusions: This paper describes the details of a complex intervention administered as part of a large randomised controlled trial. It will facilitate the subsequent interpretation of the trial results and enable the intervention to be reproduced in clinical practice and future trials.

The article discusses Great Britain's 1921 railway consolidation. The country's Railway Act enforced the consolidation of nearly all of the British railways into four groups. The Act was intended to instigate the abolition of competition in the British railway industry. Experts say the legislation caused just the opposite to occur. During the global Depression of 1929 smaller British lines were preserved as a result of the consolidation. The U.S. Interstate Commerce Commission is proposing a similar measure for the U.S. railways.

There is now firm evidence to support interventions in the prevention of falls in older people, and emerging data support prevention of falls as a method of fracture prevention. This chapter discusses the epidemiology of falls, risk factors associated with an increased risk of falling, assessment of the older faller, and evidence-based approaches to the prevention of falls in the older person. Several randomized controlled trials have found that hip protectors, if worn, probably prevent hip fractures, but that poor compliance is a major issue limiting the effectiveness of this form of intervention. More data are needed to support the role of prevention of falls in preventing fractures, as well as comparative cost-effectiveness data with other evidence-based approaches to preventing fractures in an older population.

This paper describes PEDro, the Physiotherapy Evidence Database. PEDro is a web-based database of randomized controlled trials and systematic reviews in physiotherapy. It can be accessed free of charge athttp://ptwww.cchs.usyd.edu.au/pedro. The database contains bibliographic details and abstacts of most English-language randomized trials and systematic reviews in physiotherapy, and of many trials and reviews in other languages. Trials on the database are rated on the basis of their methodological quality so that users of the database can quickly identify trials of high quality. Trials and systematic reviews are extensively indexed to facilitate searching. PEDro provides an important information resource to support evidence-based clinical practice.

Abstract: We describe the use of diffusion-weighted imaging and perfusion MRI using a contrast-medium bolus in the preoperative investigation for young man presenting with a cerebral ischaemic episode as a manifestation of moyamoya disease.