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In the last decade, on the world wide it has been started to be applied the conservation of cultural heritage with nanomaterials. A deep investigation about the degradation mechanism of cultural heritage means the decisive step in the historical paper conservation. In particular, by using these compatible methods, it is possible to perform interventions without modification of the physicochemical and mechanical behavior of the materials, ensuring long-lasting effects. In this study alkaline nano-sized particles have been synthesized, as non-aqueous dispersions, because of their efficiency for the preservation of cellulose-based materials. The particles size and theirs size distribution have been measured by Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) technique. The historical papers have been treated with the obtained nanoparticles and then the initial and treated book papers have been examined by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM).