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Purpose: The purpose is to measure the decentration after small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) in eyes with high myopia and analyze its influence factors. Methods: This retrospective study included 86 right eyes of 86 high myopia patients who underwent SMILE surgery in our hospital from August 2017 to December 2019. Patients were examined before the surgery and 3 months postoperatively. Objective and subjective refraction tests, intraocular pressure, aberrations, fundus examination, and corneal topography were recorded during all the follow-up visits. Indices of corneal anterior surface morphology, including the index of surface variance (ISV), index of vertical asymmetry (IVA), keratoconus index (KI), central keratoconus index (CKI), index of height asymmetry (IHA), and index of height decentration (IHD), as well as corneal tangential curvature and kappa angle, were all collected from Pentacam (Oculus GmbH, Wetzlar, Germany). Image J software was used to measure the decentration and the area of effective optic zone (EOZ). Spearman's correlation test and multiple linear regression analysis were performed to assess relationships between variables. Results: Overall, data from 86 eyes were gathered and analyzed. The mean age of the participants was 25.43 years (SD, 6.08; range, 18 to 45 years), and 50 eyes (58.14%) were female. The baseline refractive characteristics of the patients were summarized in Table 1. At the 3-month after SMILE, the mean UCVA (LogMAR) was -0.02 ± 0.06, and the CDVA (LogMAR) was -0.04 ± 0.05. The safety index was 1.04 ± 0.14, and the efficacy index was 0.99 ± 0.15. At the 3 months after SMILE, the horizontal decentration (HD) showed significant correlations with those preoperative indexes, including spherical aberration (SA) (r = -0.28, P < 0.05), CKI (r = 0.26, P < 0.05), and Xk (X-axis of the kappa angle) (r = 0.27, P < 0.05). The vertical decentration (VD) was significantly influenced by preoperative higher-order aberrations (HOAs) (r = 0.24, P < 0.05) and Trefoil (r = 0.39, P < 0.05) and was also positively correlated with preoperative IVA (r = 0.29, P < 0.05), IHD (r = 0.33, P < 0.05), and Yk (Y-axis of the kappa angle) (r = 0.29, P < 0.05). And the total decentration (TD) was correlated with preoperative Trefoil (r = 0.30, P < 0.05), IHD (r = 0.22, P < 0.05), and Yk (r = 0.30, P < 0.05). Multiple linear regression revealed a relationship between TD and Yk (adjust R[sup.2] = 0.18, P < 0.001). Conclusions: Patients with high myopia after SMILE had achieved effective results. A larger kappa angle especially the Yk would tend to larger decentration. High IHD and the Trefoil preoperatively also influenced the decentration after surgery. Keywords: Aberration, decentration, high myopia, index of corneal anterior surface morphology, small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE), Author(s): Hui-Ni Lin [1]; Hongqiang Zeng [1]; Ruifeng Ji [1]; Jinyu Li [1]; Riping Zhang (corresponding author) [1]; Lixia Sun (corresponding author) [1] Accurate assessment of the decentration of the [...]

ABSTRACTAs an effective formula of traditional Chinese medicine, Yang-Gan-Jiang-Mei (YGJM) formula exhibited a unique advantage in ameliorating liver injury and hepatic steatosis of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Nevertheless, the related pharmacological mechanism needs to be elucidated. This study aimed to explore the molecular mechanism of YGJM formula on mitophagy mediated by PINK1/parkin signaling pathway and NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in NASH. High-fat-diet rats and HepG2 cells induced by free fatty acid were used as NASH models in vivoand in vitro. Liver pathology and serum indicator embodying liver function (aspartate transferase, alanine transferase, triglyceride, and total cholesterol) were applied to evaluate the extent of hepatic damage and lipid accumulation. Besides, transmission electron microscopy, JC-1 and 2‘,7’-dichlorofluorescein diacetate were utilized to observe hepatic mitochondrial morphology, as well as cellular mitochondrial membrane potential and reactive oxygen species level. Additionally, expression of PINK1/parkin-mediated mitophagy and NLRP3 inflammasome was detected to elucidate the underlying mechanism of YGJM formula by immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, RT-PCR (reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction) and Western blot. The manifestations of pathology and biochemical detection confirmed the efficacy of YGJM formula in relieving hepatic damage and lipid deposition. Simultaneously, YGJM formula could obviously improve mitochondrial function. In addition, YGJM formula exhibited the promotion of PINK1/parkin-mediated mitophagy, which could perturb NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and as a result, the hepatocyte inflammation was also suppressed both in vitroand in vivo. Our preliminary results indicate that YGJM formula can ameliorate NASH mechanistically by interfering with PINK1/parkin-mediated mitophagy and NLRP3 inflammasome to exert anti-inflammation ability and promote mitochondrial function restoration.

Efficient charge carrier transport characteristics are critical to achieving the excellent performance of metal-oxide semiconductor gas sensors. Herein, SnO2/CeO2heterojunction layered nanosheets with abundant oxygen vacancies were successfully synthesized through a simple solvothermal assisted high-temperature calcination method. The synergistic effect of oxygen vacancies and heterojunctions promoting the charge carrier transport properties at the SnO2/CeO2interface for the enhanced sensing properties of triethylamine (TEA) was highlighted. As a result, the optimized SnO2/CeO2exhibits improved gas sensing performance at 173 °C to 50 ppm of TEA. These include high response (205), excellent selectivity, low detection limit, and good long-term stability. This enhanced gas sensing property of SnO2/CeO2is mainly attributed to the fact that the heterojunction and oxygen vacancies act as dual active sites synergistically inducing electron transfer, thereby effectively modulating the transport properties of the interfacial charge carriers, and thus facilitate the surface reactions efficiently. In this work, the dual-engineering strategy of synergistic interaction of heterojunction and oxygen vacancies can provide new perspectives for the design of advanced gas sensing materials.

Purpose: Under the high-speed operating conditions, the effects of wheelset elastic deformation on the wheel rail dynamic forces will become more notable compared to the low-speed condition. In order to meet different analysis requirements and selecting appropriate models to analyzing the wheel rail interaction, it is crucial to understand the influence of wheelset flexibility on the wheel-rail dynamics under different speeds and track excitations condition. Design/methodology/approach: The wheel rail contact points solving method and vehicle dynamics equations considering wheelset flexibility in the trajectory body coordinate system were investigated in this paper. As for the wheel-rail contact forces, which is a particular force element in vehicle multibody system, a method for calculating the Jacobian matrix of the wheel-rail contact force is proposed to better couple the wheel-rail contact force calculation with the vehicle dynamics response calculation. Based on the flexible wheelset modeling approach in this paper, two vehicle dynamic models considering the wheelset as both elastic and rigid bodies are established, two kinds of track excitations, namely normal measured track irregularities and short-wave irregularities are used, wheel-rail geometric contact characteristic and wheel-rail contact forces in both time and frequency domains are compared with the two models in order to study the influence of flexible wheelset rotation effect on wheel rail contact force. Findings: Under normal track irregularity excitations, the amplitudes of vertical, longitudinal and lateral forces computed by the flexible wheelset model are smaller than those of the rigid wheelset model, and the virtual penetration and equivalent contact patch are also slightly smaller. For the flexible wheelset model, the wheel rail longitudinal and lateral creepages will also decrease. The higher the vehicle speed, the larger the differences in wheel-rail forces computed by the flexible and rigid wheelset model. Under track short-wave irregularity excitations, the vertical force amplitude computed by the flexible wheelset is also smaller than that of the rigid wheelset. However, unlike the excitation case of measured track irregularity, under short-wave excitations, for the speed within the range of 200 to 350 km/h, the difference in the amplitude of the vertical force between the flexible and rigid wheelset models gradually decreases as the speed increase. This is partly due to the contribution of wheelset’s elastic vibration under short-wave excitations. For low-frequency wheel-rail force analysis problems at speeds of 350 km/h and above, as well as high-frequency wheel-rail interaction analysis problems under various speed conditions, the flexible wheelset model will give results agrees better with the reality. Originality/value: This study provides reference for the modeling method of the flexible wheelset and the coupling method of wheel-rail contact force to the vehicle multibody dynamics system. Furthermore, by comparative research, the influence of wheelset flexibility and rotation on wheel-rail dynamic behavior are obtained, which is useful to the application scope of rigid and flexible wheelset models.

Background/aimsTo determine the association and interaction of genome-wide association study-reported variants for Asian populations with myopia and ocular biometric parameters in southern Chinese population.MethodsTotally, 1462 unrelated Han Chinese subjects were recruited with complete ophthalmic examinations, including 1196 myopia and 266 control subjects. A total of nine variants were selected for TaqMan genotyping. The genetic association, joint additive effect and genotype–phenotype correlation were investigated.ResultsThe 4q25 variant rs10034228 (p=0.002, OR=0.56) and MIPEPvariant rs9318086 (p=0.004, OR=1.62) were found to be significantly associated with myopia as well as different severity of myopia. Moreover, 15q14 variant rs524952 (p=0.015, OR=1.49) also showed mild association with myopia and high myopia. However, there was no significant association of CTNND2, vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor 2and syntrophin beta 1variants with myopia. Joint additive analysis revealed that the subjects carrying 6 risk alleles of the 3 associated variants were 10-fold higher risk predisposed to high myopia. Genotype–phenotype correlation analysis revealed that high myopia subjects carrying 4q25 rs10034228 T allele showed thicker central corneal thickness, whereas high myopia subjects carrying 15q14 rs524952 A allele were associated with longer axial length and larger curvature ratio.ConclusionThis study revealed significant association of 4q25, 15q14 and MIPEPvariants with myopia and different severity of myopia in southern Chinese population, joint additively enhancing 10-fold of risk predisposing to high myopia. The correlation of these associated variants with axial length and corneal parameters suggests their contribution to the refractive status in high myopia subjects.

A series of Eu3+doped Y2O3nanophosphors have been synthesized via an ultra-fast ultrasonic-microwave method followed by thermal annealing. The emission of Y2O3:Eu3+nanophosphors depends tremendously on the concentration of Eu3+ions and maximum emission intensity is achieved at 612 nm (red luminescence) with a doping concentration of 3 mol%. Moreover, the Y2O3:Eu3+nanophosphors in this work have much higher photoluminescence lifetime (1.570 ms) and quantum efficiency (80.88%) than that synthesized by other methods. The results of chromaticity coordinates indicate that the Y2O3:Eu3+as red-emitting phosphor is promising candidate for white light-emitting diodes (LEDs).

Background and aims: This study aimed to investigate the association between cumulative C-reactive protein (cumCPR) and arterial stiffness. Methods: The cross-sectional study included 15,432 participants from the Kailuan Cohort. The participants were divided into four groups according to cumCRP quartiles. The average brachial–ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) and detective rate of increased arterial stiffness were compared between exposure groups. Statistical analysis was performed with multiple logistic regression analysis to estimate the association between cumCRP and arterial stiffness by calculating the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The several sensitivity analyses were performed to test the robustness of our findings. Results: The average baPWV increased from 1425.70 cm/s of Q1 group to 1626.48 cm/s of Q4 group. And the detective rate of arterial stiffness increased from 44.7 to 70.1% (P?&lt;?0.001). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting the confounding factors, compared to the Q1 group, the Q4 group had 42% (adjusted OR 1.42; 95% CI 1.24–1.63) higher arterial stiffness risk. In addition, 10% (adjusted OR 1.10; 95% CI 1.02–1.18) arterial stiffness risk was increased per 1 standard deviation (SD) of cumCRP after a fully adjusted regression model. Conclusion: Higher cumCRP exposure is associated with increased arterial stiffness.

This study investigates the impact of degree of mixing of stabilisation materials and soil under physical mixing on the efficiency of stabilisation remediation. Experiments were designed in terms of the type of stabilisation material, dosage of agent and the number of physical mixing times. Monocalcium phosphate (abbr. MCP), which represents chemical precipitation, and Zeolite, which is physically adsorbed, were used to stabilise and remediate industrial Cd-contaminated soils, and A measurement method for the degree of mixing based on the bivariate coefficient of variation (BCV) was constructed to analyse the influence of mixing uniformity on stabilisation efficiency. The results indicated that (1) comparing the rate of change of BCV (coefficient b), zeolite (0.19–0.31) was larger than MCP (0.07–0.14). (2) At the same dosage, the amount of mixing required to achieve 100% mixing uniformity between MCP and contaminated soil was lower than that required with zeolite. (3) Incubation treatment could increase the stabilisation efficiency of MCP by over five times, but could not significantly improve the stabilisation efficiency of zeolite. After a comprehensive consideration of the restoration cost, the suitable number of times the two types of stabilisation materials should be mixed was determined to be limited to two times. This experiment is not enough for the study of the specific principle of action, the next step should be from the stabilisation materials and mechanisms, soil properties, and further discuss the effect of the mixing uniformity of materials and soil on the stabilisation of the restoration.

Aquatic toxicity is a crucial endpoint for evaluating chemically adverse effects on ecosystems. Therefore, we developed in silicomethods for the prediction of chemical aquatic toxicity in marine environment. At first, a diverse data set including different crustacean species was constructed. We then built local binary models using Mysidaedata and global binary models using Mysidae, Palaemonidae, and Penaeidaedata. Molecular fingerprints and descriptors were employed to represent chemical structures separately. All the models were built by six machine learning methods. The AUC (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve) values of the better local and global models were around 0.8 and 0.9 for the test sets, respectively. We also identified several chemicals with selective toxicity on different species. The analysis of selective toxicity would promote to design greener chemicals in a specific environment. Finally, to understand and interpret the models, we explored the relationships between chemical aquatic toxicity and the molecular descriptors. Our study would be helpful in gaining further insights into marine organisms, prediction of chemical aquatic toxicity and prioritization of environmental hazard assessment.

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptides derived from food protein exhibited antihypertensive effects by inhibiting ACE activity. In this work, the interaction between ACE inhibitory peptide GMKCAF (GF-6) and ACE was studied by isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), molecular docking, ultraviolet absorption spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, and circular dichroism spectroscopy. Experimental results revealed that the binding of GF-6 to ACE was a spontaneous exothermic process driven by both enthalpy and entropy. The interaction occurred via a static quenching mechanism and involved the alteration of the conformation of ACE. In addition, ITC and molecular docking results indicated binding of GF-6 to ACE via multiple binding sites on the protein surface. This study could be deemed helpful for the better understanding of the inhibitory mechanism of ACE inhibitory peptides.

Endocrine disruption (ED) has become a serious public health issue and also poses a significant threat to the ecosystem. Due to complex mechanisms of ED, traditional in silicomodels focusing on only one mechanism are insufficient for detection of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), let alone offering an overview of possible action mechanisms for a known EDC. To remove these limitations, in this study both single-label and multilabel models were constructed across six ED targets, namely, AR (androgen receptor), ER (estrogen receptor alpha), TR (thyroid receptor), GR (glucocorticoid receptor), PPARg (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma), and aromatase. Two machine learning methods were used to build the single-label models, with multiple random under-sampling combining voting classification to overcome the challenge of data imbalance. Four methods were explored to construct the multilabel models that can predict the interaction of one EDC against multiple targets simultaneously. The single-label models of all the six targets have achieved reasonable performance with balanced accuracy (BA) values from 0.742 to 0.816. Each top single-label model was then joined to predict the multilabel test set with BA values from 0.586 to 0.711. The multilabel models could offer a significant boost over the single-label baselines with BA values for the multilabel test set from 0.659 to 0.832. Therefore, we concluded that single-label models could be employed for identification of potential EDCs, while multilabel ones are preferable for prediction of possible mechanisms of known EDCs.

Drug-likeness, comprising absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) properties, plays a significant role in early drug discovery. However, as for current strategies of lead optimization, in vitro potency is still the focus, which may cause “molecular obesity” (poor ADMET properties). Therefore, optimization of ADMET properties would be a preferable complement for drug discovery. In this paper, we present a web server, ADMETopt, that applies scaffold hopping and ADMET screening for lead optimization. More than 50 000 unique scaffolds were extracted by fragmenting chemicals deposited in the ChEMBL and Enamine databases. Up to 15 ADMET properties can be predicted to screen the potential molecules, including seven physicochemical properties and eight biological properties. All of the models were built in terms of our previous studies and are available in our web server admetSAR. For the plausibility measurement of the modified molecules, synthetic accessibility and quantitative evaluation of drug-likeness were then implemented. As a case study, a scaffold similarity network was constructed for compounds that have bioactivities on estrogen receptors. The results demonstrated that the feasibility and practicability of our web server are acceptable. The web server is publicly accessible at http://lmmd.ecust.edu.cn/admetsar2/admetopt/.

In the past years, considerable efforts have been devoted to the deliberate synthesis of nanosulfur in various hosts with sophisticated structures to improve the performance of lithium–sulfur batteries (LSBs) and reveal the structure–property relationship. It is taken for granted that these elaborate sulfur nanostructures are well maintained in the ultimate electrode after the traditional mixing and coating method. Herein, we, for the first time, reveal the unexpected sulfur structure deterioration in nanosulfur/graphene composites during the electrode preparation using the traditional method because of the long-term neglected dissolution–recrystallization effect of sulfur in solvents. Consequently, compared with binder-free three-dimensional graphene/sulfur electrodes, the milled graphene/sulfur electrodes exhibit much worse electrochemical performance. On the basis of this, we further propose a facile and universal graphene oxide-assisted assembly method to avoid the dissolution–recrystallization of sulfur, by which binder-free three-dimensional ethylenediamine-functionalized graphene/sulfur (3DEFGS) electrodes have been successfully prepared. The 3DEFGS electrodes with a high areal sulfur loading of ∼6 mg cm–2exhibit an ultrahigh initial capacity of 1394 mA h g–1at 0.1 C, an excellent rate performance with a capacity of 796 mA h g–1at 4 C, and superior long-term cycling stability (885 mA h g–1after 500 cycles at 1 C), which are among the best performances achieved by all reported LSB cathodes with high areal sulfur loadings.

Carapax Trionycis(the shell of the turtle Pelodiscus sinensis) was hydrolyzed by six different commercial proteases. The hydrolysate prepared from papain showed stronger inhibitory activity against angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) than other extracts. Two noncompetitive ACE inhibitory peptides were purified successively by ultrafiltration, gel filtration chromatography, ion exchange column chromatography, and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The amino acid sequences of them were identified as KRER and LHMFK, with IC50values of 324.1 and 75.6 μM, respectively, confirming that Carapax Trionycisis a potential source of active peptides possessing ACE inhibitory activities. Besides, both enzyme kinetics and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) assay showed that LHMFK could form more stable complex with ACE than KRER, which is in accordance with the better inhibitory activity of LHMFK.

Genotoxicity tests can detect compounds that have an adverse effect on the process of heredity. The in vivomicronucleus assay, a genotoxicity test method, has been widely used to evaluate the presence and extent of chromosomal damage in human beings. Due to the high cost and laboriousness of experimental tests, computational approaches for predicting genotoxicity based on chemical structures and properties are recognized as an alternative. In this study, a dataset containing 641 diverse chemicals was collected and the molecules were represented by both fingerprints and molecular descriptors. Then classification models were constructed by six machine learning methods, including the support vector machine (SVM), naïve Bayes (NB), k-nearest neighbor (kNN), C4.5 decision tree (DT), random forest (RF) and artificial neural network (ANN). The performance of the models was estimated by five-fold cross-validation and an external validation set. The top ten models showed excellent performance for the external validation with accuracies ranging from 0.846 to 0.938, among which models Pubchem_SVM and MACCS_RF showed a more reliable predictive ability. The applicability domain was also defined to distinguish favorable predictions from unfavorable ones. Finally, ten structural fragments which can be used to assess the genotoxicity potential of a chemical were identified by using information gain and structural fragment frequency analysis. Our models might be helpful for the initial screening of potential genotoxic compounds.

ABSTRACTMagnetic fields vertical to electric fields were applied during electrodeposition process to prepare CoNiMn magnetic thin films. Influences of different magnetic intensities on electrochemistry mechanism, nucleation, surface morphology and magnetic property of CoNiMn films were studied. Magnetohydrodynamics phenomenon caused by Lorentz forces during magnetic electrodeposition process tends to agitate the diffusion layer near cathode. It was found out that, CoNiMn films fabricated by magnetic electrodeposition process belonged to a kind of typical progressive nucleation mechanism. Anomalous codeposition phenomenon of CoNi was affected by magnetic fields. Higher magnetic intensity tended to obtain smooth surface of CoNiMn films with smaller and denser particles. Coercivity and remanence of CoNiMn alloy films increased sharply when magnetic field was induced. Magnetic property of vertical direction was better than parallel direction, which indicated that CoNiMn magnetic film possessed good vertical anisotropy.

In order to predict enzyme subclasses, this paper builds a new enzyme database in term of previous ideas and methods. Based on protein sequence, by selecting increment of diversity value, low-frequency of power spectral density, matrix scoring values and motif frequency as characteristic parameters to describe the sequence information, a Random Forest algorithm for predicting enzyme subclass is proposed. Using the Jack-knife test, the overall success rate identifying the 18 subclasses of oxidoreductases, the 8 subclasses of transferases, the 5 subclasses of hydrolases, the 6 subclasses of lyases, the 6 subclasses of isomerases, and the 6 subclasses of ligases are 90.86%, 95.24%, 96.42%, 98.60%, 97.53% and 98.03%. Furthermore, the same way is used to the previous database, the better results are obtained.

The Ordovician carbonate reservoirs in the Tarim Basin with secondary dissolution pores and vugs have complicated pore structures. The weathering crust reservoirs mainly consist of large cavities or vugs connected by fractures, but most of the reef-shoal reservoirs have complex and small throats among matrix pores. The pore structure can be divided into four types: big pore and big throat, big pore but small throat, small pore and small throat, and fracture type. Most of the average throat radius falls between 0.03 and 0.and 0.07 urn, close to that of unconventional reservoirs except in local areas with developed fractures. Fluid driving force analysis shows that the differentiation of fluid is mainly controlled by the throat radius in two kinds of mechanism separated by the critical throat radius about 0.1 urn. There is obvious fluid differentiation and oil/gas/water contact in fracture-cavity reservoirs with big throats. However, most of reservoirs under the critical throat radius have high capillary pressure, which resulted in incomplete differentiation of gas/oil/water, and complicated fluid distribution and fluid properties in the unconventional reservoirs.

An experimental study of the magnetic domains of nickel wires prepared under magnetic fields was carried out by using magnetic force microscopy. Nickel wires with a diameter of approximately 250 nm had a single-domain structure, while unique core−shell cylindrical domain was found in 2-μm-diameter wires. It is suggested that this novel domain structure was formed because of the presence of a magnetic field during the formation of wires and strongly depended on the diameter of the wires.

A facile solvothermal hydrazine reduction route was designed for the synthesis of shapecontrolled onedimensional 1D nickel wires in the presence of magnetic fields. The reaction conditions involved were studied systematically to select the optimal reaction parameters to reveal the effects of weak magnetic fields on the formation and properties of nickel nanostructures. The magneticfielddependent formation of 1D nickel wires indicated that the reduction of nickel ions with concentration less than 0.21 Mpreferentially occurs along the magnetic line of force, leading to the formation of uniform 1D wires, whereas higher concentrations could lead to quick reaction in the whole system and formation of isolated particles coexisting with wires composed of microspheres formed along the magnetic line of force. The improved magnetic properties of the sample formed in a magnetic field relative to those of samples formed without an applied field may be due to variation of the magnetic domain structure in the 1D nickel wires. Moreover, it was found that microwave absorption of a 1D nickel wirepolymethyl methacrylate PMMA composite at 8.5–12.5 GHz was evidently enhanced relative to that of a nickel microspherePMMA composite, which indicates that the anisotropic wires are not simply an assembly of particles, but that the magnetic domain structures in wires has been changed by the applied field.© WileyVCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009

Biorefinery to fabricate biofuels, chemicals, and materials has attracted much attention. Herein, a highly dispersed non‐noble CoFe immobilized on nitrogen‐doped carbon catalyst is prepared via a template sacrificial method. Owing to the synergetic effect of Co and Fe, the high dispersity of CoFe nanoparticles and large specific surface area, the optimized Co9‐Fe1‐NC catalyst exhibits high activity for the selective hydrogenation of furfural (FAL) to furfuryl alcohol (FOL). Hundred percentage conversion of FAL and 99% selectivity of FOL are obtained at 120 °C with 1 MPa H2for 4 h, which is superior to most of the reported nonprecious catalysts. Moreover, the Co9‐Fe1‐NC catalyst can also catalyze the hydrogenation of nitro and carbonyl compounds efficiently. The mechanism of hydrogenation of FAL is revealed by density functional theory calculations. This work provides a promising synthetic strategy for the rational structural design of efficient selective hydrogenation catalysts. A highly dispersed non‐noble CoFe immobilized on nitrogen‐doped carbon catalyst is prepared via a template sacrificial method. Due to the synergistic effect of CoFe and the high dispersibility and large surface area of CoFe nanoparticles, 100% conversion of furfural and 99% selectivity of furfuryl alcohol are obtained at 120 °C with 1 MPa H2for 4 h.

Extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP) is a rare plasma cell neoplasm, with the majority (80–90% of cases) occurring in the upper aerodigestive tract. To our best knowledge, primary EMP from renal tissues is extremely rare. Herein, the diagnosis and treatment of a refractory primary EMP with renal involvement in a 53-year-old male patient is reported. The patient received radical nephrectomy followed by radiotherapy, and showed relapse 3 months after treatment. The cancer cells were sensitive to subsequent chemotherapy, however, the patient died of infection associated with the disease after almost 3.5 years following first presentation.

Epithelial ingrowth is a known complication after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK), with a high incidence after repeat surgery or trauma. The authors report the occurrence of epithelial ingrowth 23 months after primary LASIK and its subsequent spontaneous resolution over the following 6 months.

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Abstract: This paper proposes a robust sliding mode observer for synchronization of uncertain chaotic systems with multi-nonlinearities. A new control strategy is proposed for the construction of the robust sliding mode observer, which can avoid the strict conditions in the design process of Walcott-Żak observer. A new method of multi-dimensional signal transmission via single transmission channel is proposed and applied to chaos synchronization of uncertain chaotic systems with multi-nonlinearities. The simulation results are presented to validate the method. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]