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We present PixeLite, a novel haptic device that produces distributed lateral forces on the fingerpad. PixeLite is 0.15 mm thick, weighs 1.00 g, and consists of a 4×4 array of electroadhesive brakes (“pucks”) that are each 1.5 mm in diameter and spaced 2.5 mm apart. The array is worn on the fingertip and slid across an electrically grounded countersurface. It can produce perceivable excitation up to 500 Hz. When a puck is activated at 150 V at 5 Hz, friction variation against the countersurface causes displacements of 627 $\boldsymbol{\pm }$ 59 $\boldsymbol{\mu }$m. The displacement amplitude decreases as frequency increases, and at 150 Hz is 47 $\boldsymbol{\pm }$ 6 $\boldsymbol{\mu }$m. The stiffness of the finger, however, causes a substantial amount of mechanical puck-to-puck coupling, which limits the ability of the array to create spatially localized and distributed effects. A first psychophysical experiment showed that PixeLite's sensations can be localized to an area of about 30% of the total array area. A second experiment, however, showed that exciting neighboring pucks out of phase with one another in a checkerboard pattern did not generate perceived relative motion. Instead, mechanical coupling dominates the motion, resulting in a single frequency felt by the bulk of the finger.

THIS LIST COULD HAVE clocked in at 1,001, and we would have barely scratched the surface. We love living in Los Angeles, and here are 100 reasons--in no particular order--why […]

IMPORTANCE: Compared with normothermia, hypothermia has been shown to reduce death or disability in neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy but data on seizures during rewarming and associated outcomes are scarce. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether electrographic seizures are more likely to occur during rewarming compared with the preceding period and whether they are associated with abnormal outcomes in asphyxiated neonates receiving hypothermia therapy. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This prespecified nested cohort study of infants enrolled in the Optimizing Cooling (OC) multicenter Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) Neonatal Research Network trial from December 2011 to December 2013 with 2 years’ follow-up randomized infants to either 72 hours of cooling (group A) or 120 hours (group B). The main trial included 364 infants. Of these, 194 were screened, 10 declined consent, and 120 met all predefined inclusion criteria. A total of 112 (90%) had complete data for death or disability. Data were analyzed from January 2018 to January 2020. INTERVENTIONS: Serial amplitude electroencephalography recordings were compared in the 12 hours prior and 12 hours during rewarming for evidence of electrographic seizure activity by 2 central amplitude-integrated electroencephalography readers blinded to treatment arm and rewarming epoch. Odds ratios and 95% CIs were evaluated following adjustment for center, prior seizures, depth of cooling, and encephalopathy severity. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The primary outcome was the occurrence of electrographic seizures during rewarming initiated at 72 or 120 hours compared with the preceding 12-hour epoch. Secondary outcomes included death or moderate or severe disability at age 18 to 22 months. The hypothesis was that seizures during rewarming were associated with higher odds of abnormal neurodevelopmental outcomes. RESULTS: A total of 120 newborns (70 male [58%]) were enrolled (66 in group A and 54 in group B). The mean (SD) gestational age was 39 (1) weeks. There was excellent interrater agreement (κ, 0.99) in detection of seizures. More infants had electrographic seizures during the rewarming epoch compared with the preceding epoch (group A, 27% vs 14%; P = .001; group B, 21% vs 10%; P = .03). Adjusted odd ratios (95% CIs) for seizure frequency during rewarming were 2.7 (1.0-7.5) for group A and 3.2 (0.9-11.6) for group B. The composite death or moderate to severe disability outcome at 2 years was significantly higher in infants with electrographic seizures during rewarming (relative risk [95% CI], 1.7 [1.25-2.37]) after adjusting for baseline clinical encephalopathy and seizures as well as center. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Findings that higher odds of electrographic seizures during rewarming are associated with death or disability at 2 years highlight the necessity of electroencephalography monitoring during rewarming in infants at risk. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01192776

Objective: The objective of this paper is to compare in-hospital survival and survival without major morbidities in extremely preterm infants in relation to maternal body mass index (BMI). Methods: This retrospective cohort study included extremely preterm infants (gestational age 220/7–286/7weeks). This study was conducted at National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Neonatal Research Network sites. Primary outcome was survival without any major morbidity. Results: Maternal BMI data were available for 2415 infants. Survival without any major morbidity was not different between groups: 30.8% in the underweight/normal, 28.1% in the overweight, and 28.5% in the obese (P= 0.65). However, survival was lower in the obese group (76.5%) compared with overweight group (83.2%) (P= 0.02). Each unit increase in maternal BMI was associated with decreased odds of infant survival (P< 0.01). Conclusions: Survival without any major morbidity was not associated with maternal obesity. An increase in maternal prepregnancy BMI was associated with decreased odds of infant survival.

Community stigma against people with opioid use disorder (OUD) and intervention stigma (e.g., toward naloxone) exacerbate the opioid overdose crisis. We examined the effects of the Communities that HEAL (CTH) intervention on perceived opioid-related community stigma by stakeholders in the HEALing Communities Study (HCS).

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The article discusses the increasing demand for higher-performance, vibration-free platforms in silicon photonics, micromachining, and super-resolution microscopy. It states the impact of an effective vibration control for expansion at boundaries in spatial resolution. Various optical characterizations, test fixtures and light sources for vibration control, is also given.

With an aim to develop peptide-based protein capture agents that can replace antibodies for in vitro diagnosis, an ultra-high-throughput screening strategy has been investigated by automating labor-intensive, time-consuming processes that are the construction of peptide libraries, sorting of positive beads, and peptide sequencing through analysis of tandem mass spectrometry data. Although instruments for automation, such as peptide synthesizers and automatic bead sorters, have been used in some groups, the overall process has not been well optimized to minimize time, cost, and efforts, as well as to maximize product quality and performance. Herein we suggest and explore several solutions to the existing problems with the automation of the key processes. The overall process optimization has been done successfully in orchestration with the technologies such as rapid cleavage of peptides from beads and semiautomatic peptide sequencing that we have developed previously. This optimization allowed one-round screening, from peptide library construction to peptide sequencing, to be completed within 4 to 5 days. We also successfully identified a 6-mer ligand for carcinoembryonic antigen–cell adhesion molecule 5 (CEACAM 5) through three-round screenings, including one-round screening of a focused library.

We measured human herpesvirus-8 antibodies (K8.1 and orf73 enzyme immunoassays) in 4166 children, aged 6-17 years, in a U.S. cross-sectional survey. Forty-six were K8.1 seropositive (weighted seroprevalence: 1.1%) and 20 were orf73 seropositive (weighted seroprevalence 0.4%). K8.1 seropositivity was associated with asthma (odds ratio: 6.3; 95% confidence interval: 2.4–16.9) and hay fever (3.5; 1.1–11.0), and there were borderline associations with measures of crowding and low socioeconomic status.

A new series of molybdenum organophosphonates with a Mo∶P ratio of 1∶1 have been isolated. The proposed formulation for these compounds is (MoV₂MoVI₄O₁₂)(O₃XR)₄[O₂(OH)XR]₂(EtOH)_x [when X = P, R = C₆H₅, C₆H₅CH₂, CH₃ or C₂H₅; when X = As, R = C₆H₅; x = 5 (for R = C₆H₅ or CH₂C₆H₅) or 4 (for R = CH₃ or C₂H₅)]. These compounds are intensely blue in colour, as expected for compounds of the heteropoly blue category. XPS data indicate a Mo(v)∶Mo(vi) ratio of 1∶2 in these compounds, and the FTIR, solid-state and solution NMR, TGA, UV/Vis, magnetic and electrochemical data are consistent with the proposed formulations.

A new series of molybdenum organophosphonates with a MoP ratio of 11 have been isolated. The proposed formulation for these compounds is MoV2MoVI4O12O3XR4[O2OHXR]2(EtOH)x[when X P, R C6H5, C6H5CH2, CH3or C2H5; when X As, R C6H5; x 5 for R C6H5or CH2C6H5 or 4 for R CH3or C2H5]. These compounds are intensely blue in colour, as expected for compounds of the heteropoly blue category. XPS data indicate a MovMovi ratio of 12 in these compounds, and the FTIR, solid-state and solution NMR, TGA, UVVis, magnetic and electrochemical data are consistent with the proposed formulations.

Clear cell ovarian carcinoma accounts for 4.5% of all cases of ovarian cancer at this center; 43% of patients presented with stage I disease. Stage for stage patients with advanced disease (II-IV) did no worse than other subtypes of epithelial tumors but patients with stage I disease did significantly worse at both 5 (P< 0.05) and 10 years (P< 0.02). Young age (<60 years), advanced stage, and the presence of vascular invasion are independently poor prognostic factors, while the presence of a predominantly (>75%) papillary or tubulocystic morphological pattern independently predicts a better prognosis.

A total of 16 patients with recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer were treated with sulofenur (LY 186641), a novel oral sulfonylurea. All subjects had received previous chemotherapy. Anaemia occurred in all 16 patients, 14 of whom required a blood transfusion, and 2/16 patients received methylene blue for breathlessness due to methaemaglobinaemia. Treatment was discontinued in 2/16 cases due to rising liver enzyme values, which reverted to normal on cessation of the drug. There was no nausea or alopecia. Only two minor responses were seen. Plasma drug levels were insufficient to result in antitumour activity as extrapolated from animal data. Further studies that attempt to increase the bioavailability and improve the therapeutic index are warranted.

Background:Females have higher RBC alloantibody prevalence than males, presumably due to exposure to non-self RBC antigens through pregnancy as well as transfusion. Given the lack of routinely available and longitudinal data on lifelong pregnancy and transfusion histories, few studies have been able to distinguish pregnancy versus transfusion as contributing risk factors for RBC alloantibody induction or for the persistence of RBC alloantibody detectability. We hypothesized that pregnancy would be an important source of persistently detected RBC alloantibodies and investigated this in a longitudinal blood donor database.

Mast: Novo Nordisk: Research Funding. Kor:NIH: Consultancy; NIH: Research Funding; UpToDate: Patents & Royalties; CSL Behring: Honoraria.

Background:Platelet transfusions in the United States are increasing in sharp contrast to the marked decrease in red cell and plasma use. Understanding the epidemiology and clinical practice for patients requiring platelet transfusions, particularly in the non-oncologic setting, is needed to identify clinical needs or significant change in practice. Such information can be used to focus the design of evidence based studies to assess platelet transfusion practice and efficacy to areas of high clinical need.

The article reports on the participation of an estimated two million people at the 19th Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT) parade in Sao Paulo, Brazil.

No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.