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We report here the synthesis of tricyclic nucleoside analogues via acid-catalyzed cyclization of guanine with 1,1,3,3-tetramethoxypropane. The method enables the use of hydroxyl-unprotected antiviral drugs (acyclovir, ganciclovir, and penciclovir), guanosines, oligonucleotide, and triazole-linked nucleoside dimers as substrates. Nucleoside trimer and tetramer were synthesized by derivatization reactions.

Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), a representative plant virus, is widely known and causes severe crop losses worldwide. In order to ensure the demand for crop and food security, the exploration of novel antiviral agents with outstanding activity and unique mechanisms of action is necessary. Herein, 40 new azole–quinolinone molecules were elaborately designed and systematically evaluated for their anti-TMV activity. Notably, compound A21had significant therapeutic activity against TMV (EC50value = 200 μg/mL), which was superior to commercial ningnanmycin (280 μg/mL). Studies on the anti-TMV mechanism showed that compound A21could suppress the expression level of important TMV genes and affect the assembly of TMV viral particles by disrupting the self-assembly process of TMV coat protein (TMV-CP). In-depth antiviral behaviors were verified by molecular docking, fluorescence titration analysis, and TMV assembly assays, suggesting that compound A21strongly interacted with TMV coat protein through various interactions. Overall, this promising work discloses a new paradigm for the exploitation of 2-quinolinone-based virucidal agents for hindering plant viral infection through triggering versatile antiviral behavior.

In this article, a fast and parameter-intensive loss minimization algorithm (LMA) is proposed for the surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM). The algorithm utilizes ripple correlation control to steer the operating point toward the optimal solution by evaluating the correlation between the injected ripple on the control variable and its effect on the input power. Unlike model-based LMAs, this method does not rely on the motor loss model, its parameters, or precomputed information. Instead, it employs a high-speed search-based procedure to minimize the input power directly. The theoretical analysis includes a design procedure and a method for determining the upper bound of the injected ripple frequency based on the principles underlying loss minimization of PMSMs. Since the d-axis current does not contribute to torque production in surface-mounted PMSMs, the artificial perturbation introduced by the algorithm does not result in undesirable torque ripple. The analysis is supported by simulations and experimental tests. The results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm enables the system to converge to the optimum point within around 1.5 s, making it suitable for high-dynamic applications.

In this study, deformation behaviors of gallium-based liquid metals in acidified cupric sulfate or cupric chloride solutions with varying concentrations of chloride anion or sulfate anion were investigated to explore their potential applications in soft machines and electronics. Gallium-based liquid metals are known for their unique deformability, making them promising materials for various fields. Previous research has shown that deformation of the liquid metal can be achieved in the presence of acidified cupric or ferric salts. However, the specific influence of different anions on the deformation process remains unclear. Our findings indicate that the deformation rate of the liquid metal increases with higher concentrations of chloride ions and decreases with higher concentrations of sulfate ions in the solution. UV–vis absorbance spectra of the solutions were analyzed to identify the formation of hydrated cupric cations. It was observed that increasing the concentration of Cl–ions promotes the formation of cupric-chloro complexes, thereby reducing the concentration of hydrated cupric ions in the solution. Furthermore, the addition of sulfate ions to the solution enhances the ionic strength of the medium, leading to the dissociation of cupric-chloro complexes. Additionally, sulfate ions can form insoluble layers with gallium ions, which impede the deformation of the liquid metal. The deformation rate of the liquid metal was found to be inversely correlated with the concentration of cupric ions in the solution. These results provide valuable insights into the deformable behavior of gallium-based liquid metals and their potential applications in liquid metal-based soft robots. This study highlights the importance of understanding the role of different anions in the deformation process of liquid metals, shedding light on the design and optimization of soft machines and electronics utilizing these materials.

Fringe projection profilometry (FPP) is widely used in the field of 3-D shape measurement with the advantages of noncontact, high speed, and nondestructive. However, measuring the complex reflective surface is a severe challenge for the FPP system. In this article, an active optimization method based on the reflection characteristics of the surface is proposed. We first design an ultrasonic atomization optimization measurement (UAOM) device. It is capable of uniformly and stably covering the measured surface with a microscopic water mist layer. The water mist layer is used to change the reflection characteristics, thereby reducing the impact of overexposure and underexposure on the measurement results. Apart from that, a bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) model and projector-object–camera radiation transfer model are established, which could be used to quantitatively describe the changes in reflection characteristics caused by the microscopic water mist layer. Comparative experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method yields improved measurements of complex reflective surfaces without the need for intricate algorithms. The final 3-D result of the points cloud based on our method is more complete and accurate, which improves the efficiency and versatility of 3-D measurement.

Temperature, as a crucial parameter in the fields of oil and gas, aerospace, and infrastructure condition monitoring, is commonly required for its prompt and accurate detection. In this article, a microwave photonics concept of optical carrier-based microwave interferometry (OCMI) is utilized for temperature sensing with the aid of the artificial neural network (ANN), which effectively improves performance. Different from the traditional dip frequency tracking demodulation method, the ANN-based demodulation method directly maps the microwave interferogram to the temperature, simplifying the demodulation process. With simple training, satisfactory temperature prediction accuracy can be obtained, which is not inferior to the traditional method. More importantly, the ANN-based demodulation method exhibits excellent performance in challenging situations such as limited sampling points and narrow microwave frequency bandwidths, significantly improving real-time response and easing equipment burden without compromising accuracy, which cannot be realized by the traditional method. Besides, it is revealed that the ANN-based demodulation method can enhance the performance of individual Fabry-Perot cavities, thereby facilitating the distributed sensing capability of OCMI-based interferometers.

The TIG additive connecting technology has broad application prospects in manufacturing large complex titanium alloy components. The Ti-6.5Al-2Zr-1Mo-1V (TA15) alloy fabricated by HIP and CMT technology were connected by unpulsed and pulsed TIG additive connecting technology. The results showed that the macrostructure of fusion zone was epitaxial growth βcolumnar grains. The βcolumnar grains were significantly refined by pulse current. For unpulsed samples, fusion zone was mainly composed of α + β basketweave structure, with a small amount of lamellar α phase and acicular martensite α' phase. The lamellar αphase content in pulsed samples decrease compared with unpulsed samples. The average values of UTS, YS and EL of the pulsed samples were 1038 MPa, 965 MPa and 9.52%, respectively. Compared with the unpulsed samples, it increased by 2.1%, 3.7% and 43.6%, respectively. The fracture mode of the unpulsed and pulsed samples was the combination of ductile fracture and brittle fracture.

The coal-rock reservoir exhibits a dual porous medium characteristic, where fractures are the primary contributor to permeability, while pore structure influences the gas adsorption properties of coal rock. Gas adsorption induces swelling in the coal matrix, leading to a reduction in fracture width and subsequently causing decreased permeability and reduced well production. Investigating the impact of geological characteristics of coal-rock on gas adsorption and desorption properties can enhance our understanding of the patterns governing changes in coal-layer production. This study focused on the 3#coal seam in China's Qinshui Basin as its research subject. It involved an analysis of mineral composition, physical properties, gas content, and pore structure characteristics to explore the adsorption traits of different gases and conduct experimental studies on variations in gas adsorption and desorption capabilities under diverse conditions. The research findings suggest that the coal rock in the study area is primarily characterized by micropores and small pores, with well-developed larger pores and fractures. The pore connectivity is somewhat limited, and the predominant pore size ranges from 100 to 200 nm. The average permeability measures 0.198 × 10–3µm2, while the mean specific gas content stands at 21.7 m3/t. Analysis of the isothermal adsorption curve reveals a substantial increase in adsorption when pressure falls below 3.5 MPa due to a steep slope; as pressure continues to rise, there is a gradual upward trend in adsorption until reaching 8 MPa, after which point adsorption increases slowly and stabilizes. Results from binary gas adsorption–desorption experiments indicate low desorption levels and rates for CO2components compared to relatively higher desorption amounts and rates for CH4components. Furthermore, it was observed that CO2has a displacement effect on CH4; higher CO2concentrations are more conducive to CH4release and CO2storage.

A self-supported NiSe2-Ce2(CO3)2O with unique rice-granular morphology was synthesized through an accessible two-step hydrothermal method. Detailed electrochemical studies show the designed catalyst exhibits attractive OER activity (268/304 mV@50/100 mA cm−2) and overall water splitting performance.

The tethered molecule exhibits characteristics of both free and fixed states, with the electrodynamics involved in its diffusion, electrophoresis, and stretching processes still not fully understood. We developed a Single-Molecule Manipulation, Identification, and Length Examination (SMILE) system by integrating piezoelectric devices with nanopipettes. This system enabled successful capture and stretching of tethered double-stranded DNA within the nanopore. Our research unveiled distinct capture (rcapture) and stretch radii (rstretch) surrounding the DNA’s anchor point. Notably, consistent ratios of capture radius for DNA of varying lengths (2k, 4k, and 6k base pairs) were observed across different capturing voltages, approximately 1:1.4:1.83, showing a resemblance to their gyration radius ratios. However, the ratios of stretch radius are consistent to their contour length (L0), with the stretching ratio (rstretch/L0) increasing from 70 to 90% as the voltage rose from 100 to 1000 mV. Additionally, through numerical simulations, we identified the origin of capture and stretch radii, determined by the entropic elasticity-induced capture barrier and the electric field-dominant escape barrier. This research introduces an innovative methodology and outlines research perspectives for a comprehensive exploration of the conformational, electrical, and diffusion characteristics of tethered molecules.

Our institution developed the subspecialized medical team (SMT) mode in radiology reporting workflows in July 2022 to strengthen professionalism in radiology residency training. This study aimed to investigate whether adopting the SMT mode facilitated radiology resident training. This observational study was conducted in October 2022. An online questionnaire was distributed among first‐to third‐year radiology residents to determine their levels of perceived stress, anxiety, competency in image interpretation, and learning effectiveness in using the SMT mode and other approaches. Responses were on 4 or 5 point Likert scales, and multiple‐choice responses were used for semi‐open questions. The turnaround time for radiology reports was measured for both residents and senior radiologists. Statistical significance (p< 0.05) was determined using chi‐square or Fisher's exact tests, one‐way analysis of variance, pairwise t‐tests, and the Kruskal‒Wallis Htest. In total, 71 residents completed the questionnaire survey. The turnaround times for radiology reports were collected for these residents and 23 senior radiologists. Residents' stress and anxiety scores, perceived levels of competency in image interpretation, and time spent writing reports were significantly increased in the SMT mode. In contrast, the time senior radiologists spent reviewing a single report was decreased for the majority of report types after 1 year of implementing the SMT mode. These findings suggest adopting the SMT mode could facilitate the training of radiology residents. However, residents' mental health and well‐being should also be considered. The subspecialized medical team (SMT) mode was perceived as the most effective approach to improve diagnostic skills among radiology residents. Residents' stress and anxiety scores, perceived levels of competency in image interpretation, and time spent writing reports were significantly increased in the SMT mode. The time senior radiologists spent reviewing a single report was decreased for the majority of report types after 1 year of implementing the SMT mode.

Passive daytime radiative cooling (PDRC) textiles hold substantial potential for localized outdoor cooling of the human body without additional energy consumption, but their limited multifunctional integration severely hinders their practical application. Herein, aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO) nanoparticles were purposefully introduced into poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) nanofibers via a facile electrospinning process, forming a large-scale and flexible PDRC textile with the desired antibacterial, UV-shielding, and self-cleaning capabilities. These prepared PDRC textiles present a weighted sunlight reflection rate of 92.3% and a weighted emissivity of 89.5% in the mid-infrared region. Furthermore, outdoor tests with an average solar intensity of ∼715 W/m2demonstrated that a skin simulator temperature could be cooled by ∼16.1 °C below the ambient temperature, outperforming cotton fabric by ∼6.3 °C. Owing to the outstanding photocatalytic properties of the AZO nanoparticles, these prepared PVDF textiles exhibit antibacterial properties (Escherichia coli: 99.99%), UV-shielding performance (UPF > 50+), and superior self-cleaning capabilities, providing a cost-effective and eco-friendly avenue for daytime personal thermal management.

Purpose: This study aims to clarify influencing factors of overcapacity of new energy enterprises in China and accurately predict whether these enterprises have overcapacity. Design/methodology/approach: Based on relevant data including the experience and evidence from the capital market in China, the research establishes a generic univariate selection-comparative machine learning model to study relevant factors that affect overcapacity of new energy enterprises from five dimensions. These include the governmental intervention, market demand, corporate finance, corporate governance and corporate decision. Moreover, the bridging approach is used to strengthen findings from quantitative studies via the results from qualitative studies. Findings: The authors' results show that the overcapacity of new energy enterprises in China is brought out by the combined effect of governmental intervention corporate governance and corporate decision. Governmental interventions increase the overcapacity risk of new energy enterprises mainly by distorting investment behaviors of enterprises. Corporate decision and corporate governance factors affect the overcapacity mainly by regulating the degree of overconfidence of the management team and the agency cost. Among the eight comparable integrated models, generic univariate selection-bagging exhibits the optimal comprehensive generalization performance and its area under the receiver operating characteristic curve Area under curve (AUC) accuracy precision and recall are 0.719, 0.960, 0.975 and 0.983, respectively. Originality/value: The proposed integrated model analyzes causes and predicts presence of overcapacity of new energy enterprises to help governments to formulate appropriate strategies to deal with overcapacity and new energy enterprises to optimize resource allocation. Ten main features which affect the overcapacity of new energy enterprises in China are identified through generic univariate selection model. Through the bridging approach, the impact of the main features on the overcapacity of new energy enterprises and the mechanism of the influence are analyzed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The latest development in perovskite solar cell (PSC) technology has been significantly influenced by advanced techniques aimed at passivating surface defects. This work presents a new approach called thermal imprinting-assisted ion exchange passivation (TIAIEP), which delivers a different approach to conventional solution-based methods. TIAIEP focuses on addressing surface imperfections in solid-state films by using a passivator that promotes ion exchange specifically at the defect sites within the perovskite layer. By adjusting the time and temperature of the TIAIEP process, we achieve substantial enhancement in the creation of a compositional gradient within the films. This optimization slows the cooling rate of hot carriers, leading to minimizing charge recombination and improving the device performance. Remarkably, devices treated with TIAIEP achieve a 22.29% power conversion efficiency and show outstanding stability, with unencapsulated PSCs maintaining 91% of their original efficiency after over 2000 h of storage and 90% efficiency after 1200 h of constant illumination. These results highlight TIAIEP’s effectiveness in mitigating surface defects, improving both the photoelectric and stability performance of PSCs, and indicating significant potential for large-scale application in perovskite film passivation, promoting the widespread adoption of this technology.

Pyrrolocarbazole skeletons are well known to possess a variety of biological activities that might be therapeutically useful in the treatment of cancers. Herein, an acid-catalyzed stereoselective hydroarylation/Diels–Alder cycloaddition/aromatization of ynamide–indoles is described. We newly designed and synthesized a variety of piperazine-fused pyrrolocarbazole derivatives that could be further applied to the synthesis of potent Wee1 inhibitors.

Video Abstract1_w9pk15ynKaltura

The endoscopic treatment of esophagogastric varices is challenging, and the nationwide application of endoscopic therapies for various types of esophagogastric varices and different clinical scenarios remains unclear. This study investigated the use of endoscopic therapy for portal hypertension in China. This study used a questionnaire survey initiated by the Liver Health Consortium in China to investigate the use of endoscopic therapies for portal hypertension. Questionnaires were released online from January 30, 2023 to February 28, 2023 and filled out by chief physicians or senior instructors responsible for endoscopic therapies in participating hospitals across 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) in China. Comparisons of guideline adherence between primary and referral medical centers were performed using the chi‐square test or Fisher's exact test. In total, 836 hospitals participated in the survey. For primary and secondary prophylaxis of esophagogastric variceal bleeding (EGVB), adherence to the national guidelines was 72.5% (606/836) and 39.2% (328/836), respectively. Significant differences were observed in the rate of adherence between the primary and referral centers for primary (79.9% [111/139] vs. 71.0% [495/697], p= 0.033) and secondary prophylaxis (27.3% [38/139] vs. 41.6% [290/697], p= 0.002). Of the hospitals, 78.2% (654/836) preferred endoscopic therapies for acute EGVB, and the timing of endoscopy was usually within 12 h (48.5%, 317/654) and 12–24 h (36.9%, 241/654) after bleeding. Endoscopic therapy was more likely to be the first choice of treatment for acute EGVB in referral centers than in primary centers (82.6% [576/697] vs. 56.1% [78/139], p< 0.001). Regarding the management of gastroesophageal varices type 2 and isolated gastric varices type 1, the most prevalent procedures were cyanoacrylate injection combined with sclerotherapy (48.2% [403/836] and 29.9% [250/836], respectively); however, substantial hospitals preferred clip‐assisted therapies (12.4% [104/836] and 26.4% [221/836], respectively). Nonselective beta‐blockers were routinely used in 73.4% (614/836) of hospitals during the perioperative period of EGVB management, and propranolol (88.8%, 545/614) and carvedilol (37.5%, 230/614) were the most widely used nonselective beta‐blockers. This survey clarified that various endoscopic procedures have been implemented nationwide in China. Participating hospitals have actively performed emergent endoscopy for acute EGVB; however, these hospitals do not adequately follow recommendations regarding primary and secondary prophylaxis of EGVB. In the future, standardizing the selection of endoscopic procedures and improving compliance with guidelines is crucial. Various endoscopic procedures of esophagogastric varices have been implemented nationwide in China. Participating hospitals have actively performed emergent endoscopy for acute esophagogastric variceal bleeding, but do not adequately follow guideline recommendations regarding primary and secondary prophylaxis. Significant findings of the studyVarious endoscopic procedures were widely performed at different medical institution levels in China. Compliance with the guidelines for esophagogastric variceal bleeding on primary and secondary prophylaxis is unsatisfactory. Treatment options for gastric varices differ among hospitals and require further standardization. Various endoscopic procedures were widely performed at different medical institution levels in China. Compliance with the guidelines for esophagogastric variceal bleeding on primary and secondary prophylaxis is unsatisfactory. Treatment options for gastric varices differ among hospitals and require further standardization. What this study addsThis study is the first nationwide and systematic description of the status of endoscopic management of esophagogastric varices for portal hypertension in China, and comprehensively understanding the current situation lays a good foundation for future large‐scale cooperation in this field. This study is the first nationwide and systematic description of the status of endoscopic management of esophagogastric varices for portal hypertension in China, and comprehensively understanding the current situation lays a good foundation for future large‐scale cooperation in this field.

ABSTRACTBackgroundThe aim of this study was to evaluate the association between CDK4/6 inhibitors and QT interval prolongation (QTp) and Torsades de Pointes (TdP) in breast cancer patients.MethodThe cases with breast cancer from 2015 to 2022 were extracted from the FDA adverse event database (FARES) and further divided into a CDK4/6 inhibitor group and a positive control group. The associations between CDK4/6 inhibitors and QTp and TdP adverse events were evaluated using the reporting odds ratio (ROR) and the information component (IC).ResultsA total of 172,266 breast cancer patients were included. A total of 234 QTp/TdP events occurred in the CDK4/6 inhibitor group. Disproportionality analysis revealed that ribociclib was related to QTp/TdP. The ROR was 10.10 (95% 8.56–11.92), and the IC was 2.84 (95% 2.28–3.32). Palbociclib and abemaciclib had no correlation with QTP/TDP events.ConclusionBased on this real-world pharmacovigilance analysis, this study demonstrated a significant association between ribociclib and QTp/TdP events, which should attract clinical attention. The QT interval was monitored before and after medication. Attention should be given to adjusting the drugson time.

This research delves into an upscale, personalised packaging paradigm employing 3D printing and a bio-composite derived from esteemed rosewood. The study incorporates a design for additive manufacturing, enhancing designers’ flexibility, and fostering innovation. To address global sustainability imperatives, including efficiency, energy conservation, a low carbon footprint and ecological compatibility, a premium and sustainable rosewood/polyethersulfone (PES) composite is developed. Laser sintering (LS), renowned for its processing flexibility, is applied for crafting intricate packages. A weight ratio of 1:4 of rosewood to PES is highly suitable for LS processing. The resultant custom carton, embodying natural rosewood aesthetics and fragrance, exhibits commendable mechanical robustness and precision. Tensile and bending strengths reach peaks of 4.880 MPa and 7.870 MPa, respectively, under a 9-W laser power. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis confirms the favourable dispersion of rosewood fibres in LS specimens, providing insights into the microstructure of the composite powder.

Cost-efficient multi-objective synchronous ranging solutions are highly desired in many fields such as manufacturing and infrastructure. However, traditional laser ranging methods have limitations in absolute ranging and multi-channel expansion. In this paper, a multi-channel absolute distance measurement method based on optical carrier-based microwave scanning interferometry (OCMSI) is proposed. After microwave scanning and synchronous demodulation, the amplitude spectrums and phase spectrums of interference signals are established. The transmission signals of each channel can be separated and reconstructed by using the discrete Fourier inverse transform. Additionally, it is demonstrated that the designed global optimization algorithm for extracting free spectral range can effectively reduce the impact of detection errors and channel interference. Existing interferometers can achieve multi-channel parallel absolute distance measurement without the need for additional modulation, demodulation, and optoelectronic detection devices. Experimental results have shown that the system structure is simple, and the ranging accuracy of for 3 channels is higher than ±60 μm within at least 35 m optical path.

Network alignment aims at detecting the corresponding entities across multiple networks, which is an essential basis for the fusion and analysis of multiple network information. Moreover, embedding-based network alignment has gradually become one of the promising methods. However, existing methods ignore the confusing selection problem caused by the similarity-orientated principle of network embedding and over-dependence on the hypothesis of structural consistency. In this paper, we propose an end-to-end Graph Alignment Neural Network (GANN) model with graph-to-sequence learning. GANN mainly consists of two modules: Graph encoder and Sequence decoder. In graph encoder module, we present a restricted network embedding method, which can not only capture the local structure and attribute information of nodes but also realize the constraint of node embedding and space reconciliation. In sequence decoder module, we propose a graph-to-sequence learning model to address large graphs’ structural consistency hypothesis problem. In this model, an attention-based LSTM mechanism is introduced to infer a node in the source network corresponding to the candidate node sequence in target networks. In this candidate sequence, the correct aligned node is placed at the top. We demonstrate that GANN outperforms the state-of-the-art methods in network alignment tasks on various real-world datasets.

To transmit high power very-low-frequency signals with low harmonic content, the high-frequency cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter (HF-MLI) usually has large number of levels and uses the selective harmonic elimination (SHE) technique for modulation. However, when the number of levels exceeds 25, the conventional SHE switching angle computation methods have a problem since the computed switching angles tend to be located at 0 and π/2, which makes the harmonic suppression effect worse. To realize a good harmonic suppression effect for HF-MLIs with a large number of levels, an interior-point-method-based switching angle computation method is proposed in this paper. With the aid of the interior point method (IPM), the constraints of switching angles are combined with the harmonic function in the objective function through a penalty function. The iteration is divided into the inner loop and the outer loop. The switching angles are computed in the inner loop and the weight of the penalty function is updated in the outer loop. The penalty function can keep the switching angles away from constraints. When compared with conventional methods, the proposed method has a higher accuracy, a shorter execution time and better harmonic suppression effect when computing the switching angles of MLIs with more than 25 levels. The harmonics from 9 to 19th-order of the proposed method are suppressed to less than 0.1%, which is experimentally verified on a single-phase 49-level HF-MLI.

Marine gravity survey is of great significance to the fields of geophysics research, marine geological mapping, and so on. Usually, accuracy calibration is required since the gravity measurements remain relative at present. For this application, the absolute gravity reference point is necessary, which can be established with classical optical absolute gravimeters. In this article, an absolute gravity benchmark is constructed through a gravity measurement system based on a homemade atomic gravimeter at the quay of Zhoushan Archipelago. Even in the rugged environment of seaboard, a measurement sensitivity of 0.76 mGal $/\sqrt {\text {Hz}}$ is obtained. Besides, the estimated absolute accuracy of gravity is better than $30~\mu $ Gal. Interestingly, it is found that the accuracy has been affected greatly by the ocean tidal loading (OTL) effect, especially the absence of an accurate OTL model in the observation region. To further investigate the OTL effect, the continuous absolute gravity observations are carried out for seven days, collecting tidal heights as well. Notably, a peak-to-peak amplitude of approximately $170~\mu $ Gal is obtained even when the gravity variations caused by solid tide effect have been corrected. However, the calculated values with the existing OTL models seem much smaller than the actual gravity variation data. To solve this problem, an optimized OTL model for offshore gravity measurement has been proposed through an analysis of the existing models. With the improved model of OTL, the calculated results agree well with the experimental data. These findings offer valuable insights for the high-precision calibration of marine gravimeters.

The modulation of circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) has become an increasingly prominent area of research. In this study, we propose a unique “one-excitation-to-three-emissions” CPL system through the co-assembly of an upconversion system, incorporating one sensitizer (Pt(II) mesotetraphenyl tetrabenzoporphyrine, PtTPBP) and two annihilators (R/S-DPA and R/S-BDP) within liquid crystals. The chiral nature of the annihilators induces a transformation of the nematic liquid crystal into chiral nematic liquid crystals (N*LC), establishing an excellent chiral matrix. Upon the incorporation of the sensitizer PtTPBP and subsequent excitation at 635 nm, the system demonstrates two independent triplet-triplet annihilation photon upconversion (TTA-UC) with the emission in blue and yellow, aided by thermally activated triplet-triplet energy transfer (TTET). This is accompanied by the simultaneous generation of upconverting circularly polarized luminescence (UC-CPL) and downshifting near-infrared circularly polarized luminescence (DS-CPL) originating from the residual luminescence of PtTPBP. Remarkably, fine-tuning the ratio between the two annihilators allows the TTA-UC system to exhibit multicolor CPL emission with an amplified luminescence dissymmetry factor (glum, reaching up to 0.6). Our study unveils a previously unreported “one-excitation-to-three-emissions” system and provides a versatile strategy for modulating CPL emissions, surpassing conventional methodologies.

The Internet Protocol (IP) is the most fundamental building block of the Internet. However, it provides no explicit notion of packet-level authenticity. Such a weakness allows malicious actors to spoof IP packet headers and launch a wide variety of attacks. Meanwhile, the highly decentralized management of Internet infrastructure makes large-scale source address validation challenging in terms of overhead, validity, and flexibility. This paper presents a practical anti-spoofing approach, Source Address Validation Architecture eXternal (SAVA-X). SAVA-X introduces the concept of Address Domain to enable address validation in finer, prefix-level granularity. The address domains are organized in nested hierarchies to provide higher scalability and lower maintenance costs for partial deployment. We implement SAVA-X on commercial backbone routers and the P4 platform. The experiments indicate that the hardware implementation of SAVA-X can achieve 98% throughput on 100 Gbps links and close to the native IP forwarding in per-packet overhead, with less than 10 microseconds additional processing latency.

Disclosed herein is a rhodium(III)-catalyzed intramolecular cyclization of ynamides with propargyl esters. A variety of highly functionalized 2,5-dihydropyrroles were obtained in moderate to good yields with high E/Zselectivities. Subsequent oxidation of the products gave valuable pyrrole derivatives. Additionally, scale-up reactions and late-stage derivatizations highlight the potential synthetic utility of this methodology.

Extensive land use will cause many environmental problems. It is an urgent task to improve land use efficiency and optimize land use patterns. In recent years, due to the flow decrease, the Guanzhong Basin in Shaanxi Province is confronted with the problem of insufficient water resources reserve. Based on the Coupled Ground-Water and Surface-Water Flow Model (GSFLOW), this paper evaluates the response of water resources in the basin to changes in land use patterns, optimizes the land use pattern, improves the ecological and economic benefits, and the efficiency of various spatial development, providing a reference for ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin. The research shows that the land use pattern in the Guanzhong Basin should be further optimized. Under the condition of considering ecological and economic development, the percentage change of the optimum area of farmland, forest, grassland, water area, and urban area compared with the current land use area ratio is +2.3, +2.4, −6.1, +0.2, and +1.6, respectively. The economic and ecological value of land increases by 14.1% and 3.1%, respectively, and the number of water resources can increase by 2.5%.

The Hot Dry Rock (HDR) is considered as a clean and renewable energy, poised to significantly contribute to the global energy decarbonization agenda. Many HDR projects worldwide have accumulated valuable experience in efficient drilling and completion, reservoir construction, and fracture simulation. In 2019, China Geological Survey (CGS) initiated a demonstration project of HDR exploration and production in the Gonghe Basin, aiming to overcome the setbacks faced by HDR projects. Over the ensuing four years, the Gonghe HDR project achieved the first power generation in 2021, followed by the second power generation test in 2022. After establishing the primary well group in the initial phase, two directional wells and one branch well were drilled. Noteworthy progress was made in successfully constructing the targeted reservoir, realizing inter-well connectivity, power generation and grid connection, implementing of the real-time micro-seismic monitoring. A closed-loop technical validation of the HDR exploration and production was completed. However, many technical challenges remain in the process of HDR industrialization, such as reservoir fracture network characterization, efficient drilling and completion, multiple fracturing treatment, continuous injection and production, as well as mitigation of induced seismicity and numerical simulation technology.

An environmentally sustainable approach for the Hofmann rearrangement was developed. The presence of nanomicelles allows such a transformation to proceed smoothly in mild conditions with water as the sole reaction medium compared to traditional methods, which use significant amounts of organic solvents. A variety of amides containing functional groups have been constructed under these conditions, affording the compounding amine product in good to excellent yields (up to 99%). The process was scaled up and proven to be robust for its implementation in the synthesis of pharmaceutically relevant compounds.

ABSTRACTBackgroundThis study aimed to measure and present a comprehensive overview of the association of antipsychotic drugs and venous thromboembolism (VTE) in the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS). Method: All VTE cases treated with antipsychotic drugs as primary suspected medicines were extracted from the FAERS database from 2004 to 2021. Disproportionality analyses were conducted by estimating the reporting odds ratio (ROR) and the information component (IC).ResultsIn the FAERS system, 4,455 VTE cases associated with antipsychotics were identified. The VTE signal was detected with olanzapine, haloperidol, paliperidone, and quetiapine. The RORs and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) of olanzapine, haloperidol, paliperidone, and quetiapine were (ROR = 2.53 95% Cl 2.38–2.69 IC = 1.31 95% Cl 1.11–1.52), (ROR = 2.17 95% Cl 1.91–2.46 IC = 1.1 95% Cl 0.66–1.52), (ROR = 1.6 95% Cl 1.4–1.83 IC = 0.67 95% Cl 0.22–1.11), and (ROR = 1.37 95% Cl 1.28–1.47 IC = 0.45 95% Cl 0.23–0.67). Pulmonary embolism occurred in more than 50% of VTE events (2760 cases, 52.84%).ConclusionThe data mining of FAERS suggested an association between VTE and antipsychotic drugs, which reminds medical workers to pay attention to the serious adverse drug effects of antipsychotic drugs leading to venous thromboembolism.

The use of territories in border areas is sensitive, unique, and ecologically fragile. A scientific understanding of the transformation of the national territorial space and its ecological and environmental responses is crucial for optimizing spatial patterns and promoting sustainable utilization. This study focused on 45 cities in the land border areas of China and employed techniques such as the land transfer matrix, Theil index, and ecological environment index to explore the spatiotemporal evolution process and eco-environmental effects of territorial space from three dimensions: spatial pattern, structural transformation, and ecological response. The results show that: (1) During the study period, there was an increasing trend in living and production space, along with a decrease in ecological space, and a significant pattern of “one belt, three districts, and multipoints” emerged. (2) In the urbanization process, population growth and industrial agglomeration have led to the transformation and conflict of territorial spaces, with the conversion of ecological spaces into production spaces being the primary form of land-use transformation. Rapid development has resulted in spatial differentiation of the territorial space between regions. (3) During this period, the ecological quality in China’s border areas deteriorated, yet the distribution pattern of ecological space remained stable, exhibiting a “high value in the southeast, low value in the northwest” pattern. (4) Improvements and degradation of the ecology coexist in different border areas; transforming agricultural production space into green and potential ecological spaces has positively contributed to enhancing ecological quality. In contrast, converting green ecological space into potential ecological space, agricultural production space, and aquatic ecological space has become a key factor in ecological degradation. Therefore, the border areas of China should utilize national preferential policies and strategies, recognize the vast and varied expanse of China’s border areas, and adopt differentiated planning and management measures in different regions to achieve the coordinated development of the PLES, thus promoting a positive trend in eco-environmental quality.

Objective: The objective of this research is to conduct a thorough evaluation, both quantitatively and qualitatively, of the effectiveness of 68Ga-Pentixafor PET within the Primary Aldosteronism framework. Methods: We systematically searched the PubMed and Embase databases for relevant studies concerning the use of 68Ga-Pentixafor PET in Primary Aldosteronism, spanning from the inception of these databases up to September 1, 2023. We assessed the quality of the chosen literature employing the QUADAS-2 diagnostic test evaluation tool. Following this, we conducted comprehensive analyses, both quantitatively and qualitatively, on relevant outcome measures extracted from the selected literature. Results: This study incorporated 7 articles encompassing a total of 474 patients. Among these articles, seven studies assessed the accuracy of 68Ga-Pentixafor PET in distinguishing between different subtypes of Primary Aldosteronism, namely aldosterone-producing adenoma and non-aldosterone-producing adenoma. Of these, four studies presented complete 2 × 2 contingency tables for visual analysis, and three studies provided complete 2 × 2 contingency tables for semi-quantitative analysis. In addition, six studies reported the correlation between 68Ga-Pentixafor PET findings and the clinical characteristics of patients. Furthermore, five studies explored the relationship between 68Ga-Pentixafor PET outcomes and the clinical prognosis of patients. Five studies also investigated the correlation between 68Ga-Pentixafor PET results and immunohistochemistry, whereas four studies assessed the link between 68Ga-Pentixafor PET and nodule size. Conclusion: 68Ga-Pentixafor PET displays substantial promise in enhancing the diagnosis of Primary Aldosteronism subtypes and precisely localizing aldosterone-producing adenoma. Furthermore, 68Ga-Pentixafor PET imaging exhibits significant correlations with the clinical characteristics, clinical prognosis, immunohistochemistry, and nodule size in Primary Aldosteronism patients.

Chemigenetic fusion of synthetic dyes with genetically encoded protein tags presents a promising avenue for in vivo imaging. However, its full potential has been hindered by the lack of bright and fluorogenic dyes operating in the “tissue transparency” near-infrared window (NIR, 700–1700 nm). Here, we report 2X-rhodamine (2XR), a novel bright scaffold that allows for the development of live-cell-compatible, NIR-excited variants with strong fluorogenicity beyond 1000 nm. 2XR utilizes a rigidified p-skeleton featuring dual atomic bridges and functions via a spiro-based fluorogenic mechanism. This design affords longer wavelengths, higher quantum yield (FF= 0.11), and enhanced fluorogenicity in water when compared to the phosphine oxide-cored, or sulfone-cored rhodamine, the NIR fluorogenic benchmarks currently used. We showcase their bright performance in video-rate dynamic imaging and targeted deep-tissue molecular imaging in vivo. Notably, we develop a 2XR variant, 2XR715-HTL, an NIR fluorogenic ligand for the HaloTag protein, enabling NIR genetically encoded calcium sensing and the first demonstration of in vivo chemigenetic labeling beyond 1000 nm. Our work expands the library of NIR fluorogenic tools, paving the way for in vivo imaging and sensing with the chemigenetic approach.

The introduction of a dividing wall column into extractive distillation can help reduce energy consumption, while bringing about the difficulty in controlling the vapor split ratio below the vertical partition as well. A liquid-only transfer distillation wall column, which has nothing to do with the vapor split ratio, has been applied for the separation of a minimum-boiling point azeotrope in this work. Meanwhile, both vapor recompression (VRC) and intermediate reboiler (IR) technologies are applied in the liquid-only transfer extractive distillation wall column (LEDWC) for further decreasing energy consumption and the total annual cost. Consequently, four novel configurations are optimized for a minimum total annual cost. All of the processes are evaluated by energy consumption, lost work, economics, and gas emission. It shows that the (RE-)VRC-IR-LEDWC-CR exhibits the best performance. Moreover, it is economic if all the vapor overhead is used for VRC, which reduces the energy consumption, lost work, total annual cost, and gas emission by 39, 31, 25, and 39%, respectively, compared with conventional extractive distillation sequences.

Natural product discovery is hindered by the lack of tools that integrate untargeted nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry data on a library scale. This article describes the first application of the innovative NMR/MS-based machine learning tool, the “Structure-Oriented Fractions Screening Platform (SFSP)”, enabling functional-group-guided fractionation and accelerating the discovery and characterization of undescribed natural products. The concept was applied to the extract of a marine fungus known to be a prolific producer of diverse natural products. With the assistance of SFSP, we isolated 24 flavipidin derivatives and five phenalenone analogues from Aspergillussp. GE2-6, revealing 27 undescribed compounds. Compounds 7–22were proposed as isomeric derivatives featuring a 5/6-ring fusion, formed by the dimerization of flavipidin E (5). Compounds 23and 24were envisaged as isomeric derivatives with a 6/5/6-ring fusion, generated through the degradation of two flavipidin E molecules. Furthermore, flavipidin A (1) and asperphenalenone E (28) exhibited potent anti-influenza (PR8) activities, with IC50values of 21.9 ± 0.2 and 12.9 ± 0.1 μM, respectively. Meanwhile, asperphenalenone (26) and asperphenalenone P (27) treatments exhibited significant inhibition of HIV pseudovirus infection in 293FT cells, boasting IC50values of 6.1 ± 0.9 and 4.6 ± 1.1 μM, respectively. Overall, SFSP streamlines natural product isolation through NMR and MS data integration, as showcased by the discovery of numerous undescribed flavipidins and phenalenones based on NMR olefinic signals and low-field hydroxy signals.

In real‐world scenarios, pedestrian images often suffer from occlusion, where certain body features become invisible, making it challenging for existing methods to accurately identify pedestrians with the same ID. Traditional approaches typically focus on matching only the visible body parts, which can lead to misalignment when the occlusion patterns vary. To address this issue and alleviate misalignment in occluded pedestrian images, the authors propose a novel framework called body topology information generation and matching. The framework consists of two main modules: the body topology information generation module and the body topology information matching module. The body topology information generation module employs an adaptive detection mechanism and capsule generative adversarial network to restore a holistic pedestrian image while preserving the body topology information. The body topology information matching module leverages the restored holistic image from body topology information generation to overcome spatial misalignment and utilises cosine distance as the similarity measure for matching. By combining the body topology information generation and body topology information matching modules, the authors achieve consistency in the body topology information features of pedestrian images, ranging from restoration to retrieval. Extensive experiments are conducted on both holistic person re‐identification datasets (Market‐1501, DukeMTMC‐ReID) and occluded person re‐identification datasets (Occluded‐DukeMTMC, Occluded‐ReID). The results demonstrate the superior performance of the authors proposed model, and visualisations of the generation and matching modules are provided to illustrate their effectiveness. Furthermore, an ablation study is conducted to validate the contributions of the proposed framework. The authors have introduced a novel framework called body topology information generation and matching (BTIGM) for occluded person ReID tasks. To address the issue of spatial dislocation caused by traditional feature alignment methods, the authors propose a novel approach that focuses on matching pedestrian body topology information. The proposed framework consists of two main modules: the body topology information generation (BTIG) module and the body topology information matching (BTIM) module. The BTIG module is responsible for restoring a holistic pedestrian image with body topological information constraints. To achieve this, the authors develop an adaptive detection mechanism that detects occluded areas for masking operations. By utilising body topology information, the authors aim to alleviate the spatial dislocation problem and enhance the representation of occluded pedestrians. In the BTIM module, cosine distance is utilised to measure the similarity between features extracted from the person re‐identification model using the capsule network. This module ensures effective matching of the body topology information features and improves the accuracy of occluded person ReID. Extensive experiments have been conducted on occlusion and holistic datasets to validate the effectiveness of our proposed framework. The results demonstrate that our BTIGM framework outperforms existing methods in occluded person ReID tasks, highlighting the importance of body topology information in addressing occlusion challenges.

A process was proposed to hydrogenate methyl acetate to ethanol using methanol as an in-situ hydrogen donor over a Cu/SiO2catalyst. The catalyst was characterized by XRD, H2-TPR, XPS, and FT-IR, and the structure information of the catalyst was obtained. The effects of CH3OH, H2and mixed hydrogen source on the hydrogenation of methyl acetate on the same catalyst surface were compared, and it was concluded that methanol was an efficient hydrogen source. Furthermore, the influences of process conditions such as temperature and alcohol/ester ratio on methanol conversion, methyl ester conversion, and ethanol selectivity were investigated. The coupling mechanism was analyzed, that methanol decomposition to obtain in-situ hydrogen for methyl ester hydrogenation on a copper-based catalyst. The results showed that methanol as an in-situ hydrogen source could promote not only the efficient hydrogenation of methyl acetate but also inhibit the transesterification side reaction. At a lower alcohol/ester ratio, 90.9% ethanol selectivity and 82.8% methyl acetate conversion could be obtained using only the unmodified catalyst.

The vapor–liquid equilibrium data of the three binary systems, including the components of cumene, t-butylbenzene, and sec-butylbenzene, were determined at 101.3 kPa in this paper. The systems did not exhibit azeotropic behavior under the experimental conditions. The Fredenslund test, the Redlich–Kister area test, and Wisniak’s L-W test checked the thermodynamic consistency of the vapor–liquid equilibrium data. The experimental data were correlated by nonrandom two-liquid, Wilson, and universal quasi-chemical activity coefficient models, and their respective binary interaction parameters were obtained correspondingly. The maximum absolute deviation, root-mean-square deviation, and average absolute deviation between experimental data and computed values by thermodynamic models were calculated as well. It showed that all three models could fit the experimental data well. This study can help in designing the distillation process in industrial applications.

CBFA2T3-GLIS2is the most frequent chimeric oncogene identified to date in non–Down syndrome acute megakaryocytic leukemia (AMKL), which is associated with extremely poor clinical outcome. The presence of this fusion gene is associated with resistance to high-intensity chemotherapy, including hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), and a high cumulative incidence of relapse frequency. The clinical features and clinical effects of China Children’s Leukemia Group–acute myeloid leukemia (AML) 2015/2019 regimens and haploidentical HSCT (haplo-HSCT) for treatment of 6 children harboring the CBFA2T3-GLIS2fusion gene between January 2019 and December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The 6 patients included 4 boys and 2 girls with a median disease-onset age of 19.5 months (range: 6–67 mo) who were diagnosed with AMKL. Flow cytometry demonstrated CD41a, CD42b, and CD56 expression and lack of HLA-DR expression in all 6 patients. All the children were negative for common leukemia fusion genes by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, but positive for the CBFA2T3-GLIS2fusion gene by next-generation sequencing and RNA sequencing. All patients received chemotherapy according to China Children’s Leukemia Group–AML 2015/2019 regimens, and 4 achieved complete remission. Four children underwent haplo-HSCT with posttransplant cyclophosphamide-based conditioning; 3 had minimal residual disease negative (minimal residual disease <0.1%) confirmed by flow cytometry at the end of the follow-up, with the remaining patient experiencing relapse at 12 months after transplantation. Transcriptome RNA sequencing is required for the detection of the CBFA2T3-GLIS2fusion gene and for proper risk-based allocation of pediatric patients with AML in future clinical strategies. Haplo-HSCT with posttransplant cyclophosphamide–based conditioning may improve survival in children with AMKL harboring the fusion gene.

With the expansion of vaccination programs, the policy of terminating nonpharmaceutical interventions for preventing the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic should become more flexible. The current study investigated the clinical and economic outcomes of intervention policies combining nonpharmaceutical interventions and vaccination programs for dealing with the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. An agent-based transmission model was adopted that describes how a SARS-CoV-2 virus spreads in the populations of China. The model inputs were derived from the literature and expert opinion. The following intervention policies were simulated: no intervention, strict nonpharmaceutical interventions, and nonpharmaceutical interventions for workplace, community, school and home gradually terminated by combining vaccination programs for specified age groups (vaccination age in years: 20–60, 20–70, 20–80, ≥ 20, ≥ 10 and whole population). Cumulative infections and deaths in one calendar year, costs and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) were measured. When the vaccination program was taken up in at least the ≥ 20 years age group in all populations, nonpharmaceutical interventions for workplace and community settings could be gradually terminated because the cumulative number of infections was < 100 per 100,000 persons. Further ending nonpharmaceutical interventions in school and home settings could not meet the target even when the vaccination program had been taken up in all populations. When cumulative deaths were used as the endpoint, nonpharmaceutical interventions in workplace, community and school settings could be gradually terminated. Vaccine efficacy and coverage have substantial impacts. Terminating nonpharmaceutical interventions in workplace settings could produce the lowest cost when vaccination programs are taken up at least in the ≥ 10 years age group; this method dominates most intervention strategies due to its lower costs and higher QALYs. According to our findings, nonpharmaceutical interventions might be gradually terminated in Chinese settings.

Exploitable or potentially exploitable deposits of critical metals, such as rare-earth (REE) and high-field-strength elements (HFSE), are commonly associated with alkaline or peralkaline igneous rocks. However, the origin, transport and concentration of these metals in peralkaline systems remains poorly understood. This study presents the results of a mineralogical and geochemical investigation of the Na-metasomatism of alkali amphiboles and clinopyroxenes from a barren peralkaline granite pluton in NE China, to assess the remobilization and redistribution of REE and HFSE during magmatic-hydrothermal evolution. Alkali amphiboles and aegirine-augites from the peralkaline granites show evolutionary trends from sodic-calcic to sodic compositions, with increasing REE and HFSE concentrations as a function of increasing Na-index [Na#, defined as molar Na/(Na+Ca) ratios]. The Na-amphiboles (i.e., arfvedsonite) and aegirine-augites can be subsequently altered, or breakdown, to form hydrothermal aegirine during late- or post-magmatic alteration. Representative compositions analyzed by in-situ LA-ICPMS show that the primary aegirine-augites have high and variable REE (2194–3627 ppm) and HFSE (4194–16,862 ppm) contents, suggesting that these critical metals can be scavenged by alkali amphiboles and aegirine-augites. Compared to the primary aegirine-augites, the presentative early replacement aegirine (Aeg-I, Na#= 0.91–0.94) has notably lower REE (1484–1972) and HFSE (4351–5621) contents. In contrast, the late hydrothermal aegirine (Aeg-II, Na#= 0.92–0.96) has significantly lower REE (317–456 ppm) and HFSE (6.44–72.2 ppm) contents. Given that the increasing Na#from aegirine-augites to hydrothermal aegirines likely resulted from Na-metasomatism, a scavenging-release model can explain the remobilization of REE and HFSE in peralkaline granitic systems. The scavenging and release of REE and HFSE by Na-metasomatism provides key insights into the genesis of globally significant REE and HFSE deposits. The high Na-index of the hydrothermal aegirine might be useful as a geochemical indicator in the exploration for these critical-metals.

An efficient method to construct 4-aryl-substituted β-carbolines from indole-2-methyl-α-aminoketones via a TMSOTf-promoted annulation reaction was reported. High yield along with wide substrate scope and functional group tolerance make this reaction applicable to build various highly potential bioactive β-carboline derivatives.

Organic alloys integrating intrinsic alloy characters and organic semiconductor advantages demonstrate the multicomponent synergistic and collective effects for desirable structural or functional properties. However, their rational design and the controlled self-assembly of their corresponding heterostructure materials remain yet to be explored. Herein, we fabricated organic charge-transfer (CT) alloys with tunable energy structures and hierarchical heterostructures via a self-assembly process of the cascade CT interaction, which is rationally designed by regulating the weak electron donation and affinity of isomorphic 1,2,4,5-tetracyanobenzene (TCNB)-based CT complexes. The high chemical/structural compatibility between isomorphic CT complexes and their alloys is conducive to the precise preparation of the triblock or core/shell-type organic heterostructures. Impressively, these heterostructures achieve controlled exciton conversion and tunable active/passive photon propagation, benefiting for the nanoscale multiple input/out optical logic gate. Significantly, this strategy could be generalized to other organic CT alloys and hierarchical heterostructures, affording fresh comprehension to materials foundation for integrated optoelectronics.

Multi-view clustering algorithms have been successfully used in different consumer electronic products, such as common digital cameras and unmanned vehicles. Currently, existing multi-view graph clustering (MVGC) methods learn the similarity of directly connected samples for clustering. However, these MVGC methods can not fully consider the indirect relation among samples and high-order relation across multi-view data. In this paper, a new multi-view comprehensive graph clustering (MCGC) method is devised, which can fully learn the similarity based on (1) first-order proximity (FOP) (i.e., the direct relation of pairwise samples); (2) second-order proximity (SOP) (i.e., the indirect relation of pairwise samples); and (3) third-order proximity (TOP) (i.e., the three-order relation of multiple views). Since the operations of these three components are iteratively carried out, the interaction between similarity learning can be encouraged and the comprehensive graph can be generated effectively for clustering. In-depth experiments on six commonly benchmark datasets show the superiority of the MCGC method.