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Disclosed herein is a rhodium(III)-catalyzed intramolecular cyclization of ynamides with propargyl esters. A variety of highly functionalized 2,5-dihydropyrroles were obtained in moderate to good yields with high E/Zselectivities. Subsequent oxidation of the products gave valuable pyrrole derivatives. Additionally, scale-up reactions and late-stage derivatizations highlight the potential synthetic utility of this methodology.

The economical removal of organics from sodium aluminate solutions has been required for decades. Based on security filtration using tricalcium aluminate hexahydrate (TCA) as a filter aid, a novel short process to eliminate impurity particles and remove organics simultaneously was presented. Ultrafine TCA samples with poor crystallization, high TCA content, high surface free energy, and large lattice distortion were prepared in the concentrated sodium aluminate solution. The zeta potential of the TCA binary mixture in alkaline solutions was linearly depended on the TCA content, suggesting the additivity of the zeta potential in the binary mixture. The variation in the electrical double layer of the TCA binary mixture was demonstrated in the alkaline solution. Furthermore, the ultrafine TCA exhibited a high adsorption capacity for organics with long alkyl chains and high relative-molecular-mass. The adsorption capacity of 69.69 mg/g organic carbon for sodium humate was achieved, whereas the digestion at a high temperature remarkably reduced the adsorption capacity of TCA.

A chemical activation followed by a high-temperature self-healing strategy is employed to create abundant interconnected closed pores in lignin-derived hard carbon, and the mechanism of closed pore formation during carbonization is revealed.

With the maturity and development of digital and intelligent technologies, the traditional construction industry is undergoing changes. However, most construction enterprises in China still lack comprehensive understanding of intelligent construction technologies (Minoli et al. IEEE Internet Things J 4:269–283, Minoli et al., IEEE Internet Things J 4:269–283, 2017). Therefore, research on the application and promotion of ICT is needed. This study aims to identify the factors hindering expressway construction enterprises from adopting ICT. Expert interviews and scoring were used to collect data from 32 experts. The TOSE framework identified fourteen influencing factors. The Fuzzy-DEMATEL-ISM method analyzed the expert scoring results. The results determined that the fourteen hypotheses were established, and the factors had hindering effects on enterprises adopting ICT. This study enhances research rigor by using empirical methods. The TOSE framework allows comprehensive identification of factors. And this study focuses on expressway construction enterprises, an under-researched area.

ABSTRACT Geosynthetics are an effective method to increase the seismic level of reinforcement soil structures. In this paper, sensor-enabled geobelts (SEGB) that performed self-measurement and reinforcement functions were developed on [...]

By assembling a tetradentate N-donor ligand tetra(pyridine-4-yl)benzene-1,4-diamine (TBD) with a copper ion, three novel Cu(I)-based coordination frameworks, bearing one-, two-, and three-dimensional (3D) architectures, namely, [Cu2Br2(TBD)·H2O] (1), [Cu2Br2(TBD)] (2), and [CuI(TBD)] (3), have been synthesized and characterized. Owing to the different coordination modes of [Cu2Br2] dinuclear units, compounds 1and 2display distinct structures with double-stranded chains for 1and 4-connected layers for 2. Compound 3presents a (3,4)-connected 3D network, which is fabricated from neutral Cu-TBD layers with the bridging organic ligands. Solid-state photoluminescence test implies that the three compounds exhibit bright yellow emissions with the luminescence lifetime at a microsecond scale. Interestingly, through the alternation of the ratios with compound 3and blue phosphor, tunable luminescence emissions from yellow to white light have been achieved. Moreover, the luminescence sensing ability toward various metal cations was examined on 1. The compound could be competent to serve as a selective fluorescent probe for the recognition of Fe3+despite the existence of other interferences.

ABSTRACT The durability of geosynthetics is important for their service life, transportation and long-term storage. This paper presents the effects of three accelerating degradation tests (thermal oxidation, UV radiation and [...]

Solvothermal reaction of cadmium nitrate with a polypyridine-containing ligand tetra(pyridine-4-yl)benzene-1,4-diamine (TBD) gives rise to a novel Cd(II)-organic framework with the 3D interpenetrated architecture [Cd(TBD) (NO3)2·DMA](1) (DMA = N,N-dimethylacetamide). The stability test is performed on compound 1, which shows that the Cd-MOF can be quite stable in water and even harsh conditions. A photoluminescence study has been investigated on 1. Remarkably, nitrofurantoin, as a kind of antibiotic, has a great quenching effect on the luminescent performance of the prepared hybrid, suggesting that compound 1can be regarded as an effective chemical sensor to detect specific analytes. The anti-interference test, recyclability examination, and sensing mechanism have been further conducted. Moreover, in virtue of the electron transfer from oxygen of NO3–to nitrogen atoms of TBD, photochromism behavior can be easily realized in compound 1.

[2 + 2]-Cycloaddition is the most straightforward approach to the construction of cyclobutanes. In this paper, the intermolecular [2 + 2]-cycloaddition reaction of 3-alkylideneindolin-2-ones with alkenes was achieved. This reaction can be used in the synthesis of 3-spirocyclobutyl oxindoles, polycyclic oxindoles, and late stage modification of some drug molecules.

UDPG/P2Y14R signaling pathway has been considered as a potential therapeutic target for innate immune system diseases. Based on the scaffold hopping strategy, a series of pyrazole analogues were designed and synthesized as novel P2Y14R antagonists with improved physicochemical properties, together with potential anti-inflammatory activities. Additionally, we designed and synthesized a fluorescent probe based on highly selective and potent PPTN to study the affinity of synthesized compounds. The optimized compound 16(1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-5-(4-methylbenzamido)-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid, P2Y14R IC50= 1.93 nM) showed strong binding ability to P2Y14R, high selectivity, notably improved solubility, and more favorable pharmacokinetic profiles. Moreover, compound 16possessed extremely low cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory effect in vitro. In an acute peritonitis model, compound 16could effectively reduce the levels of inflammatory factor IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α of mice induced by LPS. Compound 16, with potent in vitroand in vivoefficacy and favorable druggability, can be a promising candidate for further research.

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The effect of solution treatment time on the post-formed plasticity and ductile fracture of 7075 aluminum alloy in the hot stamping process was studied. Tensile tests were conducted on the specimens subjected to the hot stamping process with different solution treatment time. The digital image correlation (DIC) analysis was used to obtain the strain of the specimen. Based on the experiments and modeling, the Yld2000-3d yield criterion and the DF2014 ductile fracture criterion were calibrated and used to characterize the anisotropy and fracture behavior of the metal, respectively. Furthermore, the microstructure of specimens was studied. The experimental and simulation results indicate that the 7075 aluminum alloy retains distinct anisotropy after the hot stamping process, and there is no obvious effect of extending the solution treatment time on the material anisotropy. However, it is found that a longer solution treatment time can increase the fracture strain of the aluminum alloy during the hot stamping process, which may be related to the decrease of the second-phase particles size.

Wearable electronics with development trends such as miniaturization, multifunction, and smart integration have become an important part of the Internet of Things (IoT) and have penetrated various sectors of modern society. To meet the increasing demands of wearable electronics in terms of deformability and conformability, many efforts have been devoted to overcoming the nonstretchable and poor conformal properties of traditional functional materials and endowing devices with outstanding mechanical properties. One of the promising approaches is composite engineering in which traditional functional materials are incorporated into the various polymer matrices to develop different kinds of functional composites and construct different functions of stretchable electronics. Herein, we focus on the approach of composite engineering and the polymer matrix of silicone rubber (SR), and we summarize the state-of-the-art details of silicone rubber-based conductive composites (SRCCs), including a summary of their conductivity mechanisms and synthesis methods and SRCC applications for stretchable electronics. For conductivity mechanisms, two conductivity mechanisms of SRCC are emphasized: percolation theory and the quantum tunneling mechanism. For synthesis methods of SRCCs, four typical approaches to synthesize different kinds of SRCCs are investigated: mixing/blending, infiltration, ion implantation, and in situ formation. For SRCC applications, different functions of stretchable electronics based on SRCCs for interconnecting, sensing, powering, actuating, and transmitting are summarized, including stretchable interconnects, sensors, nanogenerators, antennas, and transistors. These functions reveal the feasibility of constructing a stretchable all-in-one self-powered microsystem based on SRCC-based stretchable electronics. As a prospect, this microsystem is expected to integrate the functional sensing modulus, the energy harvesting modulus, and the process and response modulus together to sense and respond to environmental stimulations and human physiological signals.

The assembly of a tetradentate pyridine-derived ligand with CuX has afforded two isostructural Cu(I)-organic frameworks [Cu2X2(TBD)·DMF]n(X = Cl for 1and Br for 2) in this work. Structural analysis indicates that the compounds feature hybrid layered architectures, and the three-dimensional supramolecular frameworks are finally fabricated through the alternative stacking of adjacent layers wherein large open channels are simultaneously constructed. The chemical stability has been studied showing the excellent skeleton maintenance of the prepared solids in various solvents and even in water. Moreover, the iodine and dye sorption performance for compound 1has been further tested. The Cu(I)-based metal–organic framework exhibits outstanding sorption and separation abilities on the targeted species, which could be considered as a promising adsorbent with high efficiency and selectivity.

The conversion mechanism of Al-goethite under the action of different additives (lime or reductant for typical or reductive Bayer digestion) was investigated by thermodynamic calculation, XRD, and SEM−EDS. The results show that the formation of Fe-substituted hydrocalumite is crucial to converting Al-goethite to hematite during Bayer digestion by adding lime. However, the conversion proceeds more easily under the action of reductant due to the rapid formation of magnetite. Additionally, Bayer liquor composition significantly affects the product composition and also the conversion rate of Al-goethite. Compared to typical Bayer digestion with Al-goethite containing gibbsitic bauxite as raw material, the red mud yield of reductive Bayer digestion decreases from 39.02% to 31.19%, and the grade of TFe in red mud increases from 41.66% to 53.80%.

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The biochemical elucidation of the early biosynthetic pathways of miharamycins and amipurimycin revealed the roles of several enzymes, which include GMP hydrolase, represented by MihD/ApmD, and hypothetical proteins, MihI/ApmI, unexpectedly exhibiting the dual function of the guanylglucuronic acid assembly and GMP cleavage. In addition, MihE, a carbonyl reductase that functions on the C2 branch of high-carbon sugars, and MihF, a rare guanine O-methyltransferase, were also functionally verified.

By a ligand-oriented assembly approach, the heterometallic–organic framework [Pb4Cu2I2(pdc)4(DMF)6]n(1; H2pdc = 3,5-pyridinedicarboxylic acid, DMF = N,N-dimethylformamide) has been successfully fabricated with the assistance of a N-/O-containing H2pdc molecule. 1displays a 3D architecture constructed from the combination of discrete [Cu2I2] moieties and infinite Pb–O chains with the organic linkers. A bright yellow luminescence emission of 1can be observed, and temperature-dependent emission spectra indicate the huge potential of 1to serve as a molecular luminescence thermometer. In addition, through a luminescence turn-off effect, compound 1can be considered to be a superior sensor for the sensitive detection of Fe3+. Moreover, photocatalysis experiments have been performed on 1, suggesting that the title catalyst could induce and accelerate the decomposition of dye pollutants.

Pyrrolocarbazole skeletons are well known to possess a variety of biological activities that might be therapeutically useful in the treatment of cancers. Herein, an acid-catalyzed stereoselective hydroarylation/Diels–Alder cycloaddition/aromatization of ynamide–indoles is described. We newly designed and synthesized a variety of piperazine-fused pyrrolocarbazole derivatives that could be further applied to the synthesis of potent Wee1 inhibitors.

A colorimetric analytical method, with wavelength change as a response, was developed for highly sensitive determination of dopamine (DA) based on gold nanorods (AuNRs). Even though AuNRs were unable to be etched by KIO3, however, they surrendered to I2generated from IO3-in the presence of DA. This could result in a blue shift of their absorption peak of longitudinal localized surface plasma resonance (LSPR), accompanied by obvious color change of solution from wine red to blue. Under the optimum conditions such as KIO3concentration of 0.7 mmol/L, reaction temperature at 50 °C, pH 2.6 and incubation time of 6 min, the amount of blue shift of AuNRs absorption wavelength was linear to DA concentration in the range of 0.80–60.0 μmol/L and the detection limit was 0.62 μmol/L (3σ/k). Furthermore, the common substances in urine did not interfere in the determination and the DA recovery rate in actual urine samples ranged from 103.0% to 110.8%.

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The mineralogical characteristics of three kinds of gibbsitic high-iron bauxite and the effects of various digestion conditions on the enrichment and separation of iron minerals were investigated. The results show that adding an appropriate organic reductant such as glycerol can promote the digestion of concomitant diaspore, boehmite and alumogoethite as well as the conversion of goethite to hematite in the reductive Bayer digestion. Processing Bauxite A with A/S of 25.41 can directly produce qualified iron concentrates (TFe>56%) by the reductive Bayer digestion, and thus realize the zero red mud discharge. For Bauxite B and Bauxite C with A/S of 7.82 and 3.35, the iron recoveries of 65.13% and 79.13% can be achieved with the corresponding TFe of 52.05% and 50.16% in the iron concentrates by gravity separation, respectively, resulting in the red mud discharge reduction of ~50% or above.

TP53is the most frequently mutated gene in human cancer, whereas tumors with wild-type TP53develop alternative strategies to survive. Identifying new regulators of p53 reactivation would greatly contribute to the development of cancer therapies. After screening the entire genome in liver cancer cells, we identified lysyl oxidase-like 4 (LOXL4) as a novel regulator for p53 activation. We found that 5-azacytidine (5-aza-CR) induces LOXL4upregulation, with LOXL4 subsequently binding the basic domain of p53 via its low-isoelectric point region. The interaction between LOXL4 and p53 induces the reactivation of compromised p53, resulting in cell death. Furthermore, the nude mouse xenograft model showed that the 5-aza-CR-dependent LOXL4-p53 axis reduces tumor growth. A positive correlation between LOXL4 expression and overall survival in liver cancer patients with wild-type p53 tumors was observed. In conclusion, we found that 5-aza-CR-induced LOXL4 upregulation reactivates wild-type p53 and triggers cell death, which blocks liver cancer development.

Energy-autonomous smart electronics have been the focus of the next generation of the Internet of Things. Recently, advanced power technology with sustainable energy supply and pollution-free characteristics has become a research hotspot. Herein, to realize a reliable and unattended power unit, we propose a high-performance omnidirectional-sliding triboelectric-electromagnetic hybrid nanogenerator (OS-TEHNG) to convert the mechanical energy into electricity. The free-standing triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) achieves a charge transfer of 24.4 μC in one cycle and a short-circuit current of 0.36 mA after optimizing the electrode structure. The TENG with 130 kΩ impedance allows efficient charging of energy storage units without complex power management modules (PMMs). The electromagnetic part achieves an open-circuit voltage of 300 V after optimization. OS-TEHNG achieves a peak power density of 1568.4 W/m3and an average power density of 352.3 W/m3at 2 Hz. As a result, OS-TEHNG charges a 1 mF capacitor to 46 V within 8 s. The strong power supply capability allows OS-TEHNG to charge smartwatches and phones. Furthermore, a completely self-powered wireless keyboard with a PMM and an energy storage unit based on OS-TEHNG is developed. The wireless self-powered keyboard sends data 213 times after only sliding the OS-TEHNG once. Finally, OS-TEHNG is successfully demonstrated to drive a 40 mW wireless sensor node with a 1.3-inch OLED screen in continuous operation. This work represents a significant advance toward self-powered microsystems and practical power sources.

Alkali leaching was employed to investigate the separation of alumina and silica in roasted kaolin obtained by roasting kaolin alone in air at 1273 K for 60 min and in clinker prepared by roasting the mixed raw meal of kaolin, ferric oxide and coal powder with Fe2O3/Al2O3/C molar ratio of 1.2:2.0:1.2 in reducing atmosphere at 1373 K for 60 min. The thermodynamic analyses and alkali leaching results show that the composition of the Al−Si spinel in roasted kaolin is close to that of 3Al2O3·2SiO2and the spinel is dissolved with increasing leaching time, resulting in difficulty in deeply separating alumina and silica in kaolin by the traditional roasting−leaching process. On the contrary, the efficient separation of alumina and silica in kaolin can be reached by fully converting kaolinite into insoluble hercynite and soluble free silica, namely quartz solid solution and cristobalite solid solution, during reduction roasting, followed by alkali leaching of the obtained clinker. Furthermore, experimental results from treating high-silica diasporic bauxite indicate that the reduction roasting−alkali leaching process is potential to separate silica and alumina in aluminosilicates.

In the paper, we provide an effective criterion for the Lipschitz equivalence of two‐branch Cantor sets and three‐branch Cantor sets by studying the irreducibility of polynomials. We also find that any two Cantor sets are Lipschitz equivalent if and only if their contraction vectors are equivalent provided one of the contraction vectors is homogeneous.

The adoption of a domestic reference product in bioequivalence (BE) studies for generic drug applications is required by some countries. The objective of this study is to assess the feasibility of this by investigating whether innovative products from different countries are bioequivalent. Data were collected from all generic drug applications received by the Taiwan regulatory authority 2012–2016. If a submission package contained BE studies, that generic product was compared separately with different reference products, and the resulting data included in this analysis. A method of adjusted indirect comparison was used to evaluate the BE of reference products from different sources. The relationship between in vitro dissolution and in vivo BE was also explored. The present study included 10 drugs and a total of 11 comparisons. Seven comparisons for maximum concentration (Cmax) (63.6%) and all comparisons (100.0%) for area under the curve up to last measurable time point (AUC) complied with the BE criterion. Similar in vitro dissolution profiles were observed in all comparisons. Among the comparisons that failed to demonstrate BE, only one was considered to be possibly related to product difference, with point estimates of indirect comparison for Cmaxsignificantly greater than unity (22%). Discordance between in vitro and in vivo observations was probably due to either drugs with highly variable properties or a lack of discriminatory dissolution testing method. Although this retrospective analysis only included a few drugs and product formulation types, i.e., immediate release, delayed release, and orally disintegrating tablet, these preliminary results suggest that using a foreign reference product in BE studies for generic drug applications could be a feasible approach, but with some restrictions: comparable dissolution profiles, same innovator company, same size, weight, and type of coating as the domestic reference product, etc. Further investigations for other complex formulations are required.

The reductive Bayer digestion by using iron powder as reductant is proposed to convert hematite to magnetite and further to dissociate iron minerals from sodium aluminosilicate hydrate (desilication product, DSP) based on the differences of their surface properties. The results show that the differences of surface properties between magnetite and DSP in zeta potential, wettability and solvation trend facilitate magnetite to agglomerate, grow up and thus to dissociate from DSP. The increments of reductant amount and alkali concentration favor the transformation of hematite in digestion with the relative alumina recovery of 98.91%. Processing the resultant red mud can obtain qualified iron concentrate with iron grade of approximate 60% and recovery of about 86% through magnetic separation, resulting in reduction of red mud emission higher than 70%. The results are potential to develop a novel technology for processing high iron diasporic bauxite efficiently and provide references for comprehensive utilization of high iron red mud.

In biological research, chicken embryos are a classic experimental model for the exploration of the embryonic development and cell differentiation. Transferring exogenous substances into chicken embryos for producing medical antibodies has been widely used in the production practice. However, there are few studies about the effect of the different injection site and dosage on chicken embryos. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of different injection sites and dosages on chicken embryo hatching rate and development, so as to provide a basis for further studies using the chicken embryo model. Freshly laid eggs (Rugao yellow chicken) were injected with different doses of saline at the tip, equatorial plane and the blunt end of the egg shell, respectively. Egg hatching rate was recorded and compared among injection sites and different doses. A trypan blue stain was also injected at the aforementioned sites and the growth of chicken embryos was observed. The SPSS (statistical package for the social science) software was used to analyze the relationship between the chicken eggs hatching rate and the different injection sites or the different dosages. The experimental results showed that there were significant differences on egg hatching rates among the different injection sites and doses (P<0.05). The hatchability of the blunt end injection group was significantly higher than that of the other two sites. The egg hatching rate decreased with increased saline doses. The egg hatching rate of the 100 µL saline injection group was higher than the 200 and 300 µL dosage groups. Ultimately, we suggest that the optimal chicken embryo injection process is during early development, at the blunt end site with a dose less than 100 µL to minimize damage to the egg.

In 2021, global alumina production reached over 135 million tons and discharged approximately 200 million tons of red mud, leading to severe environmental safety hazards. More than 70% of raw materials originated from gibbsitic bauxite. This work reviews existing and potential process from open literature to treat gibbsitic bauxite and reduce red mud discharge from the alumina production process, which are divided into two categories. The first strategy involves non-Bayer methods such as smelting reduction, reduction roasting, sub-molten salt, ammonium sulfate roasting, acid leaching, and calcification–carbonation. The current obstacle to implementing these methods is the lack of economics, making industrial application challenging. The second potential industrial application strategy is to modify the current Bayer process, with critical measures involving the enhancement digestion of inert aluminum-bearing minerals, dissociation and recovery of iron minerals, and separation of desilication products. Analyzing the reaction mechanism and process flow clarify that the modified Bayer method is more favorable to the cost-effectively and synergistic extraction of aluminum, iron, and other elements. The red mud obtained by the modified Bayer process can be efficiently utilized. Therefore, a mini-summary of the areas where red mud is expected to be substantially dissipated (e.g., the steel industry, cement building materials, and ecological restoration of red mud stockpiles) is provided. The review can advance the current technology on the comprehensive utilization of gibbsitic bauxite, especially process discharge reduction approaches and large-scale abatement ways for red mud. Our results can contribute to the future development of sustainable green alumina production.

Backgroud: Pinoresinol (Pin) and pinoresinol monoglucoside (PMG) are plant-derived lignan molecules with multiple functions. We showed previously that an endophytic fungus from Eucommia ulmoides Oliv., Phomopsis sp. XP-8 is able to produce Pin and PMG. Objective: This study was carried out to test the anti-tumor capability of the culture of XP-8 and identify the major effective compounds. Method: The fungal culture was added in the culture of HepG2 and K562 cells, and the viabilities of these cells were detected and the possible mechanism was analyzed. Result: The fungal culture showed significant capaiblity in decreasing the viability of tumor cells and induce apoptosis via up-regulation of the expression of apoptosis-related genes. It also significantly inhibited the adhesion and migration of HepG2 cells by blocking MMP-9 expression. Pin and PMG were isolated from the growth culture and shown to be the major effective components for inhibition. Conclusion: The study indicated the potential application of XP-8 in the production of anti-tumour products by the bioconversion of glucose.

Wearable sensing devices play an increasingly important role in advancing the rapid development of the Internet of Things (IoT) and artificial intelligence (AI), and a smart sensing network based on wide-distributed sensing nodes has become an appealing trend. However, monolithic integration of multiple sensing functions is still a critical issue for sensing nodes. Herein, we present a flexible multifunctional sensor based on a silk fibroin/silver nanowire (SF/AgNW) composite film. Mask spray coating technology is optimized to prepare the functional sensing layer with a cross-linked AgNW network structure inside. The association of the SF/AgNW composite film and the cross-linked AgNW network structure endows the developed sensor with pressure sensing characteristics and temperature sensing characteristics. Furthermore, by in-depth analysis of the coupling law between the input variables and the resistance changes, the sensor is successfully extended to realize the functions of finger proximity detection and human breathing monitoring. Additionally, the sensor is successfully confirmed to possess remarkable mechanical reliability and sensing characteristic stability by a systematic experiment. More importantly, to highlight the practical feasibility of the proposed sensor, an all-in-one self-powered wireless multi-sensing microsystem is constructed based on the developed sensor, a high-performance triboelectric-piezoelectric-electromagnetic hybrid generator (TPEHG), and system circuits. With the TPEHG as the only power source, the microsystem is successfully demonstrated to realize continuous self-powered work and sense environmental variables through the developed sensor. Meanwhile, the obtained sensing data are transmitted to a mobile phone in real time at 1Hz. The multiple sensing characteristics of the sensor and the autonomous features of the microsystem give them outstanding potential and value in the smart IoT field, especially in constructing a distributed smart sensing network.

Self-assembly is an important bottom-up fabrication approach based on accurate manipulation of solid–air–liquid interfaces to construct microscale structures using nanoscale materials. This approach plays a substantial role in the fabrication of microsensors, nanosensors, and actuators. Improving the controllability of self-assembly to realize large-scale regular micro/nano patterns is crucial for this approach’s further development and wider applications. Herein, we propose a novel strategy for patterning nanoparticle arrays on soft substrates. This strategy is based on a unique process of liquid film rupture self-assembly that is convenient, precise, and cost-efficient for mass manufacturing. This approach involves two key steps. First, suspended liquid films comprising monolayer polystyrene (PS) spheres are realized via liquid–air interface self-assembly over prepatterned microstructures. Second, these suspended liquid films are ruptured in a controlled manner to induce the self-assembly of internal PS spheres around the morphological edges of the underlying microstructures. This nanoparticle array patterning method is comprehensively investigated in terms of the effect of the PS sphere size, morphological effect of the microstructured substrate, key factors influencing liquid film–rupture self-assembly, and optical transmittance of the fabricated samples. A maximum rupture rate of 95.4% was achieved with an optimized geometric and dimensional design. Compared with other nanoparticle-based self-assembly methods used to form patterned arrays, the proposed approach reduces the waste of nanoparticles substantially because all nanoparticles self-assemble around the prepatterned microstructures. More nanoparticles assemble to form prepatterned arrays, which could strengthen the nanoparticle array network without affecting the initial features of prepatterned microstructures.

microRNAs (miRNAs) are short single-strand non-coding RNAs that regulate various cell processes at the post-transcriptional levels. Mounting evidences suggested that dysregulation of miRNA is associated with cancer progression and development. The aberrant expression of miR-339-5p has been found in some types of cancers, however, the association of miR-339-5p expression and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still unclear. Here, we measured the expression of miR-339-5p in HCC tissues and explored its clinicopathological and prognostic significance. The result showed that miR-339-5p expression level was significantly lower in HCC tissues compared with non-cancerous liver tissues. Moreover, patients with lower miR-339-5p expression level are associated with a poorer overall survival. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that the expression of miR-339-5p was an independent prognostic factor for HCC patients. In addition, we found that over-expression of miR-339-5p can inhibit HCC cell invasion. In conclusion, our results indicated that miR-339-5p may serve as a tumor suppressor and play important role in inhibiting tumor invasion. Our work implicates that miR-339-5p may serve as a prognostic marker and molecular therapeutic target in HCC.

Digesting aluminum-bearing minerals and converting ferric oxide to magnetite simultaneously in Bayer digestion process is crucially important to deal with high-iron diasporic bauxite economically for alumina production. The reaction behaviors of hydrothermal reduction of ferric oxide in alkali solution were studied by both thermodynamic calculation and experimental investigation. The thermodynamic calculation indicates that Fe3O4can be formed by the conversion of Fe2O3at proper redox potentials in alkaline solution. The experimental results show that the formation ratio of Fe3O4either through the reaction of Fe and Fe2O3or through the reaction of Fe and H2O in alkaline aqueous solution increases remarkably with raising the temperature and alkali concentration, suggesting that Fe(OH)3−and Fe(OH)4−form by dissolving Fe and Fe2O3, respectively, in alkaline aqueous solution and further react to form Fe3O4. Moreover, aluminate ions have little influence on the hydrothermal reduction of Fe2O3in alkaline aqueous solution, and converting iron minerals to magnetite can be realized in the Bayer digestion process of diasporic bauxite.

The core-nanoshell composite materials with magnetic fly-ash hollow cenosphere as core and nanoLaFeO3 as shell were synthesized by high-energy ball milling method. The samples were characterized by XRD, SEM and VSM. The results show that the core-nanoshell composite materials were prepared successfully. As the exchange-coupling interaction happens between ferrite of magnetic fly-ash hollow cenosphere and nanosized ferrite coating,the remanence and the coercivity improves, so it is better for core-nanoshell to adsorb heavy metals. The adsorption-magnetic separation processing were used for Cr (VI) of heavy metals in water, by atomic absorption spectrometry to measure ion concentration after adsorption. Batch experiments were carried out to investigate the effect of solution pH on the adsorption as well as adsorption kinetics and adsorption isotherm. The results show that at pH 2, obtain the maximum removal rate. The adsorption data were better fitted for the Freundlich model,indicating that the adsorption of Cr (VI) preferably follows multilayer and heterogeneous adsorption process. Compared with two kinetic models linear fitting parameters, adsorption conforms to pseudo secend-order kinetic model well,revealing chemisorption as the dominant mechanism.

The mechanical property, fracture toughness and fatigue behavior of T7451 Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy thick plates in different orientations and with various thicknesses were investigated by means of tensile, fatigue and plain strain fracture toughness testing. And the microstructures and fracture morphologies were analyzed with optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that the samples in longitudinal (L)-transversal (T) orientation possessed better mechanical property, fracture toughness and fatigue resistance than that in T-L orientation. Fractography and optical microanalysis clearly demonstrated that the feature of recrystallized grains is the decisive factor for this anisotropy. On the other hand, values of strength and fracture toughness decreased with the increase of plate thickness, but their fatigue crack growth rate became slower. Combined with the fractography analysis, the increase of recrystallization degree and the coarser grains in the thicker plate should be the main reason for the detrimental to the strength and toughness properties since the main fracture mechanism changes from ductile transgranular fracture to intergranular failure. However, these coarse recrystallized grains play an advantageous role for fatigue resistance from crack deflection and closure perspectives.

During the hot stamping of ultra-high strength steel (UHSS), the quenching effect of the mold on the sheet plays an important role to achieve the transition from austenite to martensite. Thus a finite element model for the quenching process of UHSS is established in this paper. The key points of the model include contact thermal conduction and the latent heat processing of phase transforming. Finite element program has been developed to calculate the temperature field of the UHSS quenching process, and temperature measurement device was used to get the temperature-time curve of the mold and the sheet to validate the calculation results. It can be concluded that the latent heat and thermal contact resistance have a critical influence on the temperature filed of the sheet during the hot stamping process. Finally, the parallel computation technology based on GPU(Graphics processing unit) was adopted to accelerate the calculation.

Advancements were made to the fuel supply system on the basis of the original X195 Diesel Engine correlating its structure features, and we designed exhausting performance experiments on the injection diesel engine burning the mixture of ethanol and diesel. The results show that: the exhaust smoke and the NOx emission could be significantly reduced by ameliorating the engine.

By using a N-containing tetradentate ligand tetra(pyridine-4-yl)benzene-1,4-diamine (TBD) as the coordination linker, a chemically stable metal–organic framework [Cu2I2(TBD)·DMF]n(1) has been successfully synthesized (DMF = N,N-dimethylformamide). Compound 1features a three-dimensional architecture wherein the [Cu2I2] moieties are formed and further serve as the secondary building units to assist the fabrication of the final network. Solid-state photoluminescence behavior has been investigated on compound 1. Notably, the sensing experiments suggest that Ag+exhibits a dramatic quenching effect on luminescence emission of 1, implying the great potential of the title compound as an Ag+sensor. Related verification experiments have been conducted in detail. Moreover, compound 1presents an effective I2sorption performance, which could be further regarded as a promising adsorbent for the removal of targeted species.

Through access to information obtained by the probability of the basic event to occur as the known data, using the structure function method of the diagram analysis and fault tree calculation method, calculated the probability about the sound level decline of car electronic horn, then known reliability and tested the sound level aspects of the car electronic horn is the stable and reliable, found out the main reasons of the sound level decline at the same time, proposed the prevention and improvement measures, improved the reliability of the car electric horn in sound level by the implementing measures.

This study aimed to investigate the effect of serum taken from patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) on vascular endothelial permeability.

An aqueous synthetic route has been developed for the preparation of mercaptosuccinic acid (MSA)-capped CdTe quantum dots (QDs) using TeO2as tellurium source and sodium borohydride as reductant. The size and the emission color of CdTe QDs can be tuned by varying the reflux time. The obtained QDs were characterized by photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The results show that the CdTe QDs were of zinc-blende crystal structure in a sphere-like shape.

A feature-based process planning approach for fineblanking-forming-stamping parts is discussed in this paper. To reduce the dependence of experience designers and improve the design efficiency and quality, a prototype of feature-based process planning system has been established. The system consists of four major modules: forming process recognition, feature representation, operation sequence design and parametric feature modeling. The graph-based process recognition and feature representation methods are introduced. The knowledge-based methods are also used for process planning. An application example is illustrated.

In this study, a simple and rapid high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC–MS/MS) method was established and validated to determine the 14 β-lactam antibiotics in cosmetic products, including 1(ceftazidime), 2(cefaclor), 3(cefdinir), 4(ampicillin), 5(cefalexin), 6(ceftezole), 7(cefotaxim), 8(cefradine), 9(cefuroxime), 10(cephazoline), 11(cefathiamidine), 12(cefoperazone), 13(cafalotin), 14(piperacillin).

Fine-blanking is an advanced and precision stamping process. Designing the construction die is an important part of the entire development process. But for lots of special and complicated structures of fine-blanking dies, especially some progressive dies, many problems occurred during the traditional two-dimensional design method, such as heavy workload, time-consuming, difficulty of modification, difficulty of checking interference, difficulty of novice entry. To solve these problems, a rapid parametric CAD system based on SolidWorks is developed for fine-blanking progressive dies in the present study. The system comprises five modules, namely DIEBASE, WORKPART, STANDARD, MOTION and DRAWING. The first three modules are designed for the rapid designing and modeling of three different sets of die components. These modules work in tandem with the design-table-based standard part libraries. The MOTION module is designed to simulate the movement situation and check the interferences of the die structure. The last module is designed for the drawing documents of the die parts and assembly. The main feature of the system is its parameter-based interfacing for fine-blanking progressive die design. The design and modification jobs could be done easily and quickly by operating this system, and the system is easy to learn for semiskilled and even unskilled engineers. An illustrative example is demonstrated to show the usefulness of the system.

To study the effects of gut-derived endotoxin translocation and NF-B activation on the aggravating mechanism of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) and of treatment with pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) on rats with SAP.

With the development of modern industry, sheet-metal parts in mass production have been widely applied in mechanical, communication, electronics, and light industries in recent decades; but the advances in sheet-metal part design and manufacturing remain too slow compared with the increasing importance of sheet-metal parts in modern industry. This paper proposes a method for automatically extracting features from an arbitrary solid model of sheet-metal parts; whose characteristics are used for classification and graph-based representation of the sheet-metal features to extract the features embodied in a sheet-metal part. The extracting feature process can be divided for valid checking of the model geometry, feature matching, and feature relationship. Since the extracted features include abundant geometry and engineering information, they will be effective for downstream application such as feature rebuilding and stamping process planning.

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