Search

Efficient and stable green emission of perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) is an essential element for their potential applications in full-color displays and solid-state lighting, aspiring to become a new generation of light-emitting devices. Rational manipulation of the entire electroluminescence process is expected to prepare high-performance devices. Hence, to generate effective green PeLEDs that simultaneously reduce energy loss during electron–photon conversion and increase light outcoupling, a simple device architecture is suggested. Consequently, in our research, we utilized thermally activated delayed fluorescent materials DTC-mBPSB and BTBC-DPS to modify the hole transport layer. Employing efficient interfacial engineering to modulate the growth of perovskite crystals resulted in dense perovskite films and effectively reduced the density of defective states by providing lone electron pairs to neutralize unsaturated Pb2+via oxygen atoms in the passivation group of the S═O bond. Furthermore, this approach increases the carrier transport abilities and thus facilitates the occurrence of more radiative recombination. Hence, this approach contributes to the realization of EQE of 11.04% (DTC-mBPSB) and 13.97% (BTBC-DPS), respectively, for green PeLEDs emitted at 512 nm and enhances the operational stability, establishing a foundation for subsequent studies.

Ag-Bi coatings were synthesized on copper substrate using brush plating with a cyanide-free electroplating solution for electrical contact applications. Phase constituents, surface morphology, and microhardness of the deposited coatings were characterized. It is found that grain refinement into the nanosized range can be observed for the Ag-Bi coatings with dense and compact microstructure. The electroplated Ag-Bi alloy displayed an apparent hardness increase compared with the pure silver coating. Ag-Bi alloy coatings show promise in the field of electrical contact components used in the electrical power industry.

Nuclear localization of HIPPO-YAP fusion proteins has been implicated in supratentorial ependymoma development. Here, unexpectedly, we find that liquid–liquid phase separation, rather than nuclear localization, of recurrent patient-derived YAP fusions, YAP-MAMLD1 and C11ORF95-YAP, underlies ependymoma tumourigenesis from neural progenitor cells. Mutagenesis and chimaera assays demonstrate that an intrinsically disordered region promotes oligomerization of the YAP fusions into nuclear, puncta-like, membrane-less condensates. Oligomerization and nuclear condensates induced by YAP fusion with a coiled-coil domain of transcriptional activator GCN4 also promote ependymoma formation. YAP-MAMLD1 concentrates transcription factors and co-activators, including BRD4, MED1 and TEAD, in condensates while excluding transcriptional repressive PRC2, and induces long-range enhancer–promoter interactions that promote transcription and oncogenic programmes. Blocking condensate-mediated transcriptional co-activator activity inhibits tumourigenesis, indicating a critical role of liquid phase separation for YAP fusion oncogenic activity in ependymoma. YAP fusions containing the intrinsically disordered region features are common in human tumours, suggesting that nuclear condensates could be targeted to treat YAP-fusion-induced cancers.

Insulin exclusively produced and secreted from is pancreatic B-cells in two distinct phases in response to elevated blood glucose levels. The first phase of insulin release is triggered by a [...], OBJECTIVE--Suppression of Kinesin-1 by antisense oligonucleotides, or overexpression of dominant-negative acting kinesin heavy chain, has been reported to affect the sustained phase of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in β-cells in vitro. In this study, we examined the in vivo physiological role of Kinesin-1 in β-cell development and function. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS--A Cre-LoxP strategy was used to generate conditional knockout mice in which the Kif5b gene is specifically inactivated in pancreatic β-cells. Physiological and histological analyses were carried out in Kif5b knockout mice as well as littermate controls. RESULTS--Mice with β-cell specific deletion of Kif5b ([Kif5b.sup.ft/-]: RIP2-Cre) displayed significantly retarded growth as well as slight hyperglycemia in both nonfasting and 16-h fasting conditions compared with control littermates. In addition, [Kif5b.sup.ft/-]: RIP2-Cre mice displayed significant glucose intolerance, which was not due to insulin resistance but was related to an insulin secretory defect in response to glucose challenge. These defects of β-cell function in mutant mice were not coupled with observable changes in islet morphology, islet cell composition, or β-cell size. However, compared with controls, pancreas of [Kif5b.sup.ft/-]: RIP2-Cre mice exhibited both reduced islet size and increased islet number, concomitant with an increased insulin vesicle density in β-cells. CONCLUSIONS--In addition to being essential for maintaining glucose homeostasis and regulating β-cell function, Kif5b may be involved in β-cell development by regulating β-cell proliferation and insulin vesicle synthesis.

Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most common malignant childhood brain tumour1,2, yet the origin of the most aggressive subgroup-3 form remains elusive, impeding development of effective targeted treatments. Previous analyses of mouse cerebella3–5have not fully defined the compositional heterogeneity of MBs. Here we undertook single-cell profiling of freshly isolated human fetal cerebella to establish a reference map delineating hierarchical cellular states in MBs. We identified a unique transitional cerebellar progenitor connecting neural stem cells to neuronal lineages in developing fetal cerebella. Intersectional analysis revealed that the transitional progenitors were enriched in aggressive MB subgroups, including group 3 and metastatic tumours. Single-cell multi-omics revealed underlying regulatory networks in the transitional progenitor populations, including transcriptional determinants HNRNPH1 and SOX11, which are correlated with clinical prognosis in group 3 MBs. Genomic and Hi-C profiling identified de novo long-range chromatin loops juxtaposing HNRNPH1/SOX11-targeted super-enhancers to cis-regulatory elements of MYC, an oncogenic driver for group 3 MBs. Targeting the transitional progenitor regulators inhibited MYC expression and MYC-driven group 3 MB growth. Our integrated single-cell atlases of human fetal cerebella and MBs show potential cell populations predisposed to transformation and regulatory circuitries underlying tumour cell states and oncogenesis, highlighting hitherto unrecognized transitional progenitor intermediates predictive of disease prognosis and potential therapeutic vulnerabilities.

This study investigates the impact of three hydrophilic colloids, namely carrageenan (CG), gellan gum (GG), and sodium alginate (SA), as additives to adzuki bean flavored milk (ABFM) to mitigate the sedimentation of adzuki bean flour and assess their effects on the quality performance of ABFM. This study showed that adding 0.06 % CG to ABFM significantly reduced the sedimentation of adzuki bean flour particles, surpassing the performance of GG and CA. The batch production of ABFM with the addition of 0.06 % CG received the highest score (7.20 points) in sensory evaluation conducted by consumer-type evaluators representing consumer preferences, aligning well with consumer preferences. Moreover, the ABFM product in this investigation demonstrated an equivalent shelf-life of 14 days to the commercially available product, without microbial proliferation or generating unpleasant odors (including lipid oxidation or rancidity). The observed benefits in ABFM can be attributed to the formation of CG-based emulsion gels, which exhibit compact, closely interconnected microstructures. Therefore, this study demonstrated that the application of CG in ABFM for emulsion gels was associated with the development of structures formed through interactions between swollen starch particles, proteins, and hydrophilic colloids. The findings presented in this study offer valuable insights for improving adzuki bean-related beverages and contributing to sediment formation mitigation.

The main objective of this paper is to solve tensor absolute value equation when it has a positive solution. We derive several existence conditions for the positive solution of tensor absolute value equation with some structure tensors, and then propose a new fixed point iterative method for solving this class of equation. We study the convergence of the proposed method under appropriate conditions. Finally, we show the feasibility of the proposed method by three numerical examples.

Calcium aluminate cement (CAC) is widely used as a binder for refractory materials, and thus the improvement in compressive strength is of vital importance for CAC applied at high temperature. For this purpose, nano-Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2additive with a ratio of 0.5–1.5 mass% was added with the water-cement ratio to be 0.4. X-ray diffraction and isothermal calorimetry analysis demonstrate that nano-Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2additive can shorten the hydration process and promote the formation of main hydrates of CaAl2O4·10H2O (CAH10) and Ca2Al2O5·8H2O (C2AH8). In addition, scanning electron microscopy results suggest that nano-Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2can protect CAH10and C2AH8from being destroyed during the calcination, guaranteeing that these thin lamellar crystals are intertwined to form the denser microstructure. Benefited from above effects, nano-Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2can obviously improve the compressive strength of the CAC mortar samples cured for 7 d after calcination at 1100 °C, while the improving effect is dependent upon its contents. Especially, compared with the one without the additive, the compressive strength of the sample with 1.0% nano-Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2is increased by 14%.

Luteolin is a flavonoid in a variety of fruits, vegetables, and herbs, which has shown anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-cancer neuroprotective activities. In this study, we investigated the potential beneficial effects of luteolin on memory deficits and neuroinflammation in a triple-transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) (3 × Tg-AD). The mice were treated with luteolin (20, 40 mg · kg−1· d−1, ip) for 3 weeks. We showed that luteolin treatment dose-dependently improved spatial learning, ameliorated memory deficits in 3 × Tg-AD mice, accompanied by inhibiting astrocyte overactivation (GFAP) and neuroinflammation (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, NO, COX-2, and iNOS protein), and decreasing the expression of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress markers GRP78 and IRE1α in brain tissues. In rat C6 glioma cells, treatment with luteolin (1, 10 µM) dose-dependently inhibited LPS-induced cell proliferation, excessive release of inflammatory cytokines, and increase of ER stress marker GRP78. In conclusion, luteolin is an effective agent in the treatment of learning and memory deficits in 3 × Tg-AD mice, which may be attributable to the inhibition of ER stress in astrocytes and subsequent neuroinflammation. These results provide the experimental basis for further research and development of luteolin as a therapeutic agent for AD.

Modified reduced graphene oxide (rtgo) was prepared by using γ - isocyanate propyl triethoxysilane (IPTS) as modifier. Graphene / polyurethane nanocomposites were prepared by in-situ polymerization. Graphene / polyurethane composites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, TGA, DIN abrasion and electronic universal testing machine. The effects of different reaction formulations and graphene addition on the wear resistance and mechanical properties of the composites were studied. The results show that the wear resistance and tear resistance of the composite can be greatly improved after the functional graphene is compounded with polyurethane.

ABSTRACTZnO:Al thin films were deposited on a glass substrate by a sol–gel method with a combined two-step, spin coating and growth treatment in a water bath. The effect of Al incorporation and the bath growth temperature on the crystal structure, morphology and optical properties of the samples are investigated. The results showed that the morphology of 3% Al-doped film was rod-like nanostructure at 40°С and granular at 60 and 90°С. The lattice strain increases after the Al-doping at 40 and 60°C. And the strain of 3% Al-doped film decreased with increasing the bath growth temperature. The optical band gap of pure and 3% Al-doped film at different bath growth temperature is calculated. Relatively better visible light transmittance and photoluminescence (PL) characteristics were obtained at 40°С. Blue emission associated with surface defects was observed.

ZnO:Al thin films were deposited on a glass substrate by a sol–gel method with a combined two-step, spin coating and growth treatment in a water bath. The effect of Al incorporation and the bath growth temperature on the crystal structure, morphology and optical properties of the samples are investigated. The results showed that the morphology of 3% Al-doped film was rod-like nanostructure at 40°? and granular at 60 and 90°?. The lattice strain increases after the Al-doping at 40 and 60°C. And the strain of 3% Al-doped film decreased with increasing the bath growth temperature. The optical band gap of pure and 3% Al-doped film at different bath growth temperature is calculated. Relatively better visible light transmittance and photoluminescence (PL) characteristics were obtained at 40°?. Blue emission associated with surface defects was observed.

Background: Mezlocillin is off-label used for the treatment of respiratory infections in children. Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) data are also limited in children. A sensitive Liquid chromatography- tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) method adapted to children was developed and validated for the determination of mezlocillin plasma concentration in the present study. Methods: Mezlocillin, extracted from a volume of 50 μL plasma using acetonitrile, was analyzed on an online LC-MS/MS system with an Agilent 1290 Infinity UHPLC (Agilent Technologies, CA, USA) coupled to an AB SCIEX QTRAP 6500PLUS MS/MS (AB Sciex, Framingham, MA, USA) with ceftiofur as an internal standard. HPLC separation was performed on a C18 column with ultra-pure water and acetonitrile as gradient elution at a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min at 30°C. Analyst TM Version 1.5.2 (Applied Biosystems) was used for data acquisition. The total chromatographic run time was 1.6 min. Results: LC/MS/MS method used for TDM of mezlocillin in children was developed and validated. This assay has a lower limit of quantification of 0.025 μg/mL for mezlocillin with 50 μL plasma. Good linearity was achieved for mezlocillin over the range from 0.025 to 20 μg /mL. The acceptance criteria were met in all cases. Among 36 patients aged between 0.16-1.63 years old, only one patient had detectable trough concentration higher than 1 μg/mL. Conclusion: LC-MS/MS method with 50 μL plasma developed in this study was successfully applied to TDM of mezlocillin in children. The high variability of trough concentration highlighted that TDM is important to optimize mezlocillin therapy in children.

The Chd8 gene encodes a member of the chromodomain helicase DNA-binding (CHD) family of SNF2H-like adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-dependent chromatin remodeler, the mutations of which define a subtype of autism spectrum disorders. Increasing evidence from recent studies indicates that ATP-dependent chromatin-remodeling genes are involved in the control of crucial gene-expression programs in hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell (HSPC) regulation. In this study, we identified CHD8 as a specific and essential regulator of normal hematopoiesis. Loss of Chd8 leads to severe anemia, pancytopenia, bone marrow failure, and engraftment failure related to a drastic depletion of HSPCs. CHD8 forms a complex with ATM and its deficiency increases chromatin accessibility and drives genomic instability in HSPCs causing an activation of ATM kinase that further stabilizes P53 protein by phosphorylation and leads to increased HSPC apoptosis. Deletion of P53 rescues the apoptotic defects of HSPCs and restores overall hematopoiesis in Chd8−/− mice. Our findings demonstrate that chromatin organization by CHD8 is uniquely necessary for the maintenance of hematopoiesis by integrating the ATM-P53–mediated survival of HSPCs.

The CaO–SiO2–Al2O3–MgO system is the main component unit in the slag formation process in blast furnace smelting. Its structural changes directly affect the high-temperature metallurgical properties of slag. Molecular dynamics simulations were thus conducted to analyze the microstructure changes of the quaternary slag system under different basicities and w(MgO)/w(Al2O3) ratios. The changes in w(MgO)/w(Al2O3) ratio and basicity could affect the stability of each ion-oxygen. Increasing the basicity and w(MgO)/w(Al2O3) ratio, the average coordination number of O surrounding Si atom only changed a little and remained approximately 4, indicating that Si exists as a stable structure of the [SiO4]4−tetrahedron in the slag structure, while the average coordination number of O surrounding Al atom changed greatly from 4 to 6, which indicated that the Al existence form could be transformed from [AlO4]5−tetrahedron to [AlO5]7−pentahedron and [AlO6]9−octahedron. Also, the diffusion rate of ions was accelerated with the increase in w(MgO)/w(Al2O3) ratio and basicity. Moreover, the self-diffusion coefficients of each ion were obtained, and the magnitudes were observed to be in the following order: Mg2+> Ca2+> Al3+> Si4+. The calculation and analysis of the slag viscosity and activation energy of viscous flow under different basicities and w(MgO)/w(Al2O3) ratios revealed that the metallurgical properties of slag at high temperature depend on the flow-unit diffusivity and the microstructure stability, simultaneously, the basicity should be controlled between 1.0 and 1.2, and the w(MgO)/w(Al2O3) ratio could be controlled between 0.45 and 0.55.

Introduction: Loratadine (LOR) (Fig. 1), an active H1 receptor antagonist, is often used in the treatment of allergic disorders such as seasonal allergies and skin rash [1]. LOR was clinically approved for symptomatic relief of nasal and non-nasal symptoms of allergic rhinitis in children ≥2years. Materials and Methods: An adapted method of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) was developed and validated to measure the concentrations of loratadine (LOR) and its active metabolite descarboethoxyloratadine (DCL) from pediatric plasma. After being mixed with the internal standard (IS, propranolol) and precipitated with methanol, samples were centrifuged and 20 μL of the supernatants were injected into the HPLC system. Separation was carried out on a reversed-phase C18 gradient column using a mobile phase consisting of water (containing 0.1 % formic acid) and acetonitrile. The flow rate was 0.5 mL/min and the running time was 5.0 min for each sample. Results and Conclusion: Quantitation of LOR, DCL and IS was performed using MRM mode and the transitions were: 383.1 → 337.1 for LOR, 311.1 → 259.0 for DCL and 260.2 → 116.0 for propranolol, respectively. The method was validated according to FDA guidelines, precisions and accuracies met the requirements in all cases. Calibration curves were 0.2–50.0 ng/mL for both LOR and DCL. This method was then applied for a pilot study examining the pharmacokinetics and therapeutic drug monitoring of LOR in children.

Yap1 and its paralogue Taz largely control epithelial tissue growth. We have identified that hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) fitness response to stress depends on Yap1 and Taz. Deletion of Yap1 and Taz induces a loss of HSC quiescence, symmetric self-renewal ability, and renders HSC more vulnerable to serial myeloablative 5-fluorouracil treatment. This effect depends on the predominant cytosolic polarization of Yap1 through a PDZ domain-mediated interaction with the scaffold Scribble. Scribble and Yap1 coordinate to control cytoplasmic Cdc42 activity and HSC fate determination in vivo. Deletion of Scribble disrupts Yap1 copolarization with Cdc42 and decreases Cdc42 activity, resulting in increased self-renewing HSC with competitive reconstitution advantages. These data suggest that Scribble/Yap1 copolarization is indispensable for Cdc42-dependent activity on HSC asymmetric division and fate. The combined loss of Scribble, Yap1, and Taz results in transcriptional upregulation of Rac-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factors, Rac activation, and HSC fitness restoration. Scribble links Cdc42 and the cytosolic functions of the Hippo signaling cascade in HSC fate determination.

During brain maturation, cation-independent mannose-6-phosphate receptor (CI-MPR), a key transporter for lysosomal hydrolases, decreases significantly on the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Such a phenomenon leads to poor brain penetration of therapeutic enzymes and subsequent failure in reversing neurological complications in patients with neuropathic lysosomal storage diseases (nLSDs), such as Hurler syndrome (severe form of mucopolysaccharidosis type I [MPS I]). In this study, we discover that upregulation of microRNA-143 (miR-143) contributes to the decline of CI-MPR on the BBB during development. Gain- and loss-of-function studies showed that miR-143 inhibits CI-MPR expression and its transport function in human endothelial cells in vitro. Genetic removal of miR-143 in MPS I mice enhances CI-MPR expression and improves enzyme transport across the BBB, leading to brain metabolic correction, pathology normalization, and correction of neurological functional deficits 5 months after peripheral protein delivery at clinically relevant levels that derived from erythroid/megakaryocytic cells via hematopoietic stem cell-mediated gene therapy, when otherwise no improvement was observed in MPS I mice at a parallel setting. These studies not only uncover a novel role of miR-143 as an important modulator for the developmental decline of CI-MPR on the BBB, but they also demonstrate the functional significance of depleting miR-143 for “rescuing” BBB-anchored CI-MPR on advancing CNS treatment for nLSDs.

We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 9,552 women experiencing their second delivery between 2014 and 2016 at the International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital to investigate the association between the interpregnancy interval (IPI) and adverse perinatal outcomes. With the 12–23-mon IPI as the reference category, logistic regression analyzes were used to examine associations between different IPIs (<12, 12–23, 24–59, 60–119, and ≥120 mon) and perinatal outcomes (gestational diabetes mellitus, premature membrane rupture, gestational hypertension, preterm birth, low birth weight, and macrosomia). Compared with the 12–23-mon IPI category, women with longer IPIs had a higher risk of adverse perinatal outcomes, and those with an IPI ≥120 mon had the highest risk of gestational diabetes mellitus and premature membrane rupture (adjusted odds ratio (OR) 1.76, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.32–2.35 and adjusted OR 2.03, 95% CI 1.53–2.67, respectively). These results indicate that a longer IPI is associated with a higher risk of adverse perinatal outcomes and an IPI of ≥120 mon appears to be independently associated with a higher risk of gestational diabetes mellitus and premature membrane rupture.

In this study, a new type of surfactant, N, N-dialkyl-3, 6-O-sulfopropyl chitosan (SPDACS) was prepared with two kinds of chitosan (Mw 10 and 50 kDa) and three kinds of alkyl groups (octyl, decyl and lauryl) respectively. The substitution degree of alkyl chain was around 1.50, and the substitution degree of sulfopropyl was around 1.70. The relationship of structure and surfactivity of chitosan-based surfactants were studied with six different structures of SPDACS.The results showed that the length of alkyl side chain and the molecular weight of chitosan main chain of SPDACS had distinct effect on the surface tension (γ) and the critical micelle concentration (CMC). CMC and γ could be reduced as the length of alkyl and the molecular weight of chitosan increased. For the products with 50 kDa of chitosan, the CMC decreased from 0.014 to 0.006 mg/mL, and γ down to 23.59 from 28.76 mN/m as the length of alkyl increased from 8C to 12C. The similar patterns happened for the products with 10 kDa of chitosan. The mean size of the blank micelles decreased with the growth of the length of alkyl, and the molecular weight of chitosan had little effect on the particle size. The zeta potential of all micelles were above -35mV which meant the micelles had good stability in the solution.The product of 5-SPDLCS (50 kDa, lauryl) with the best surfactivity were selected for the study of PTX solubilization. The optimal ratio of 5-SPDLCS/PTX was determined to be 1/1.1. The results showed the encapsulation effificiency (EE) and loading effificiency (LE) were 92.2 % and 50.36 % respectively. The solubility of PTX in water reached to 6.08 mg/mL. The solubility of PTX was 60,000 times higher than that of PTX (&lt; 0.0001mg/mL) in pure water.

Chromite is an important raw material applied in refractories. Efforts have been made to obtain high-performance chromite by adding MgO and Al2O3from the viewpoint of structure optimization. In order to explore the effect of Al2O3and MgO on the structure, two formulas, i.e., Mg-rich and Al-rich ones, were selected. The phase and microstructure development of samples heated in the temperature range of 1200–1600 °C were studied by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive spectrometry. MgO and Al2O3added have diffused into chromite successfully by heat treatment. MgO diffuses into chromite, occupying the tetrahedral vacancies caused by the diffusion and oxidation of Fe2+ions to stabilize the structure. Al2O3diffuses into the surface layer of chromite, forming spinel-sesquioxide structure. Al-rich sample which has spinel-sesquioxide structure shows better corrosion resistance toward fayalite slag than Mg-rich sample which has single spinel structure by blocking the interdiffusion between Fe2+ions in fayalite slag and Mg2+ions in chromite.

ABSTRACTZnO:Eu film has been deposited and grown on glass substrates by spin coating technique followed by water bath treatment. The precursors were synthesised by a sol–gel method and all of the film annealed at 450°C for 1 h. The structure, morphology and optical properties of ZnO films doped with different Eu concentrations in precursor were investigated. Eu doping concentrations have a great influence on the crystallinity, morphology, size and optical properties of films. The EDX analysis proves the presence of Eu elements in the synthesised film. The film has optical transparency in the visible range. Where Eu doping concentration was 5%, the film emits a strong near-ultraviolet emission at 325 nm laser excitation. All of the film had a very strong blue emission at 421 and 439 nm under 397 nm excitation.

Exploring materials that balance the second harmonic generation (SHG) effect and laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) is the frontier of nonlinear optical (NLO) crystal research at present. In this work, the NLO property of anhydrous aluminum iodate is extensively explored and discussed first. It exhibits a strong SHG intensity of 18.3 × KH2PO4(KDP) and a high-powder LIDT of 1.4 × KDP at 1064 nm. Combining experimental and theoretical studies at the atomic level and electronic levels, it is found that the cations in the structure are replaced by cations with small radius and high valence, enabling the production of materials with large SHG responses. Unbonded and antibonding orbitals play a crucial positive role in the SHG response of the structure, whereas bonding orbitals produce a large negative contribution. This provides a scarce example of materials in which bonding orbitals make significant negative contributions.

The genand maoareas, and the responding area of hand were punctured in umbilicus acupuncture, reperfusion activities were also done for a stenosing tenosynovitis of styloid process of radius patient in lactation period, sound effect were obtained.

To discuss the topical action characteristics of the biological transmission of moxibustion heat via temperature collection and numerical modeling. Temperature of moxibustion was measured at multiple points at a distance of 3 cm to obtain the moxibustion temperature field nephograms by the high-accuracy temperature measure array. Finite element analysis was used to imitate the three-dimensional dynamic distribution of temperature in acupoint tissues. Through numerical analysis, the one-dimensional, two-dimensional and three-dimensional distributions of temperature in human acupoint tissues at 5 min of moxibustion were established. The result showed that moxibustion heat mainly transmitted from the surface of the tissue to the internal, and the influence of moxibustion heat decreased with the depth of the tissue. The analysis of the nephograms of acupoint tissue temperature at 5, 10, 15 and 20 min of moxibustion showed that with the increase of the moxibustion time, the temperature in acupoint tissues constantly rose, and the transmission depth of moxibustion heat also further expanded inside acupoint. By establishing the three-dimensional dynamic model of heat transmission inside acupoint tissues with the biological parameters of human tissues and the temperature values obtained, this study used finite element analysis software ANSYS 14.0 and discovered the rules in the transmission of heat in body tissues during moxibustion, and the features in moxibustion heat transmission (from the proximal to the distant) and heat penetration (from the surface to the internal). This study provides theoretical and experimental support for the application of moxibustion in clinical practice. 通过温度采集技术和数值建模方法探讨艾灸生物传热的局部作用特点。 采用高精度温度测 量阵列, 实现对3 cm 灸距下艾灸温度的多点测量并获取艾灸温度场云图。运用有限元分析方法模拟出穴位组织 温度三维动态分布模型。 通过数值分析, 建立了人体穴位组织在施灸5 min 时温度分布的一维、二维及三 维模型。结果表明灸热主要沿着组织表面至内部进行传导, 随着组织深度的增加灸热的影响也越来越小。通过对 5、10、15 和20 min 不同时刻内穴位组织中温度场分析, 表明随着施灸时间的增长, 穴位组织的温度不断增加, 灸 热在穴位的传递深度进一步扩大。 运用有限元分析软件ANSYS 14.0, 结合人体组织的生物参数及实际测量 的温度数值, 建立了穴位组织温度场传播过程的三维动态模型, 发现艾灸过程中热量在组织中的传播规律, 揭示 了艾灸传热(从近到远)、透热(由浅入深)的作用特点, 为临床灸法的运用提供了理论和实验支持。

Eu3+-doped ZnO submicron rod has been prepared by a hydrothermal method. Synthesized rods are characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and photoluminescence spectra (PL). The results indicated structures and morphology of rods affected by the Eu3+doping concentration. 5D0–7FJ(J= 1, 2 and 3) of Eu3+emission appeared, and energy transfer from the ZnO host and deep defects of ZnO to Eu3+in the ZnO:Eu is occurred. Strong and white emission was observed in the sample with 15% Eu.

Maize rough dwarf disease (MRDD) is a viral disease caused by brown planthopper infestation, and leads to great yield loss, especially in China. Comparative proteomics was performed using maize inbred line Zheng 58 and LN 287. MRDD pathogen was detected as rice black-streaked dwarf virus (RBSDV) by quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR) in Shandong Province, China. The modified trichloroacetic acid (TCA)/acetone method was used for soluble protein extraction from leaves. Two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) analysis was performed on 24-cm long, pH 4–7 linear immobilized pH gradient (IPG) strips, and gels were stained with silver and coomassie brilliant blue. We identified 944 proteins expressed in RBSDV infected maize leaves by proteomics approaches. Among these, 44 protein spots that revealed a 1.5-fold difference in intensity were identified by mass spectrometry between mock-inoculated and RBSDV infected samples. Among these, 17 and 26 spots were up-regulated, and 27 and 18 spots were down-regulated in the virus infected samples of Zheng 58 and LN 287, respectively. Differential protein spots were analyzed by mass spectrometry identification, which could be divided into six categories. Furthermore, the expression of stress-related proteins was detected and confirmed by qRT-PCR. This study lays the foundation for further investigations, enabling the enhancement of MRDD resistance in maize.

The corrosion behavior of 316H stainless steel (SS) in the impure and purified NaCl–KCl–MgCl2salt was investigated at 700 °C. Results indicate that the main deleterious impurity induced corrosion in the impure salt was the absorbed moisture, present in the form of MgCl2·6H2O. 316H SS occurred severe intergranular corrosion with a corrosion depth of 130 μm for 1000 h in the impure NaCl–KCl–MgCl2salt. In contrast, the purification treatment of molten chloride salt by the dissolved Mg metal can remove the absorbed moisture, and the corresponding reactions were also discussed. As a result, the corrosiveness of NaCl–KCl–MgCl2salt is reduced significantly. 316H SS occurred slight uniform corrosion with a depth of less than 5 μm for 3000 h in the purified NaCl–KCl–MgCl2salt.

Tobacco cessation is proven to be the most effective and cost-effective strategy for smokers to reduce their risk of smoking-related disease and premature death. Providing effective, efficient, safe, and patient-centred tobacco cessation treatment to reach those who need them is a significant challenge. To date, only a few nationwide studies in China have assessed the overall clinical care practice and treatment outcome of tobacco cessation.

Deficits in Schwann cell–mediated remyelination impair functional restoration after nerve damage, contributing to peripheral neuropathies. The mechanisms mediating block of remyelination remain elusive. Here, through small-molecule screening focusing on epigenetic modulators, we identified histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3; a histone-modifying enzyme) as a potent inhibitor of peripheral myelinogenesis. Inhibition of HDAC3 enhanced myelin growth and regeneration and improved functional recovery after peripheral nerve injury in mice. HDAC3 antagonizes the myelinogenic neuregulin–PI3K–AKT signaling axis. Moreover, genome-wide profiling analyses revealed that HDAC3 represses promyelinating programs through epigenetic silencing while coordinating with p300 histone acetyltransferase to activate myelination-inhibitory programs that include the HIPPO signaling effector TEAD4 to inhibit myelin growth. Schwann cell–specific deletion of either Hdac3 or Tead4 in mice resulted in an elevation of myelin thickness in sciatic nerves. Thus, our findings identify the HDAC3–TEAD4 network as a dual-function switch of cell-intrinsic inhibitory machinery that counters myelinogenic signals and maintains peripheral myelin homeostasis, highlighting the therapeutic potential of transient HDAC3 inhibition for improving peripheral myelin repair.

Sulfur was introduced, for the first time, into V–K/γ-Al2O3catalysts, due to which their performance in the non-oxidative dehydrogenation (DH) of isobutane was promoted remarkably. After sulfidation, the isobutene yield increased from 29.6% to 49.8%. Many attempts have been made to thoroughly explain the promoting effect of sulfidation over V–K/γ-Al2O3catalysts towards DH activity. This study demonstrates that both properties of the vanadium species and the acid properties of vanadium-based catalysts are affected by sulfidation. The introduction of sulfur, which has lower electronegativity, made the bond energy of V–S lower than that of V–O. Therefore, the vanadium species can be reduced easily after sulfidation and hence, the availability of V3+and V4+species, which serve as active DH sites, increases on the catalyst surface. The increased acid strength further enables easy activation of the C–H bond in isobutane, thus contributing to an increase in isobutane conversion. Moreover, the decrease in acidic sites inhibits side reactions and confers higher isobutene selectivity to the sulfide catalyst compared to its oxidized state. The sulfide V–K/γ-Al2O3catalyst, presenting ideal activity, stability and space–time yield, is a promising alternative to optimized industrial DH catalyst.

Objective: To determine the levels of α-1 acid glycoprotein (ORM1) in the sera of advanced lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation before treatment and after acquirement of EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI) resistance, and to explore the clinical cut off value of ORM1 for targeted therapy resistance in LUAD. Methods: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine serum ORM1 levels. Receiver operating characteristic curve was applied to evaluate the serum ORM1 level in the resistance of EGFR-TKI and the cut off value of ORM1 for the diagnosis of EGFR-TKI resistance. Results: The serum ORM1 concentrations in the healthy group, before and after drug resistance were 1.687 ± 0.103, 1.868 ± 0.101, and 1.731 ± 0.088 µg/ml, respectively. The serum ORM1 concentrations before and after drug resistance were higher than that of the healthy group, whereas the serum ORM1 concentrations in the resistant group were lower than those before drug treatment. In comparison to healthy group, the area under curve (AUC) of the serum ORM1 concentration was 0.918 ± 0.029 with sensitivity of 90.5% and specificity of 78.6% in the patient before EGFR-TKI treatment, while the AUC was 0.644 ± 0.062 with sensitivity of 69.0% and specificity of 66.7% in the resistance group. When compared to those before treatment, the AUC of serum ORM1 concentration was 0.880 ± 0.038 with a sensitivity of 92.9% and specificity of 73.8% in the resistance group. The cutoff value of serum ORM1 was 1.778 µg/ml for advanced EGFR-positive LUAD and 1.723 µg/ml after resistance to EGFR-TKI. Conclusion: Serum ORM1 has an important diagnostic value for the diagnosis of EGFR-positive LUAD and EGFR-TKI resistance in patients especially with advanced EGFR-positive LUAD. Our findings suggest that serum ORM1 is a biomarker in the prediction of EGFR-TKI resistance in EGFR-positive LUAD.

An adverse intrauterine environment may induce adult disease in offspring, but the mechanisms are not well understood. It is reported that fresh embryo transfer (ET) in assisted reproductive technology leads to high maternal estradiol (E2), and prenatal high E2 exposure increases the risk of organ disorders in later life. We found that male newborns and children of fresh ET showed elevated fasting insulin and homeostasis model of assessment for insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) scores. Male mice with high prenatal estradiol exposure (HE) grew heavier than control mice and developed insulin resistance; they also showed increased food intake, with increased orexigenic hypothalamic neuropeptide Y (NPY) expression. The hypothalamic insulin receptor (INSR) was decreased in male HE mice, associated with elevated promoter methylation. Chronic food restriction (FR) in HE mice reversed insulin resistance and rescued hypothalamic INSR expression by correcting the elevated Insr promoter methylation. Our findings suggest that prenatal exposure to high E2 may induce sex-specific metabolic disorders in later life through epigenetic programming of hypothalamic Insr promoter, and dietary intervention may reverse insulin resistance by remodeling its methylation pattern.

Nickel-based single crystal superalloys have been widely used in modern aircraft, which is related to its high temperature mechanical strength and creep properties. And the initial cubic γ′ precipitates start to coarsen directionally during high temperature creep, which results in the degradation of the mechanical properties, especially the creep properties. Therefore, it is essential to figure out the mechanism of directional coarsening during the period of high temperature creep. In this article, a broad review of rafting mechanism of nickel-based single crystal superalloys is provided. The major work of this critical review is to introduce several experiments and numerical simulations which are used to analyze the evolution of rafting. For three different numerical simulations, their performance, advantage and disadvantage are discussed in detail. Through methods above, the effect on creep properties is summarized.

A series of amino organophosphorus imidazoles were designed and synthesized as a novel structural type of antimicrobial agents. Bioactive evaluation in vitroshowed that compound 3fexhibited equipotent or superior anti-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(anti-MRSA) and anti-S. cerevisiaeefficiencies (minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC)=2 μg/mL) to clinical drugs, and the combinations with antibacterial or antifungal drugs enhanced the antimicrobial efficiency. Highly active molecule 3fshowed low propensity for bacteria to develop resistance, and the preliminary action mechanism studies demonstrated that 3fwas membrane-active, but had no significant intercalation towards MRSA DNA. The computational study on 3freasonably explained its high antimicrobial activity. Experimental data revealed that ground-state 3f-HSA complexes were formed mainly through hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonds with a spontaneous process, and the non-radioactive energy transfer from HSA to 3foccurred beyond Förster resonance energy transfer theory. The participation of metal ions in 3f-HSA supramolucular system could increase the concentration of free compound 3f, and shorten its storage time and half-life in the blood to improve the maximum antimicrobial efficacy.

Two kinds of representative volume elements (RVEs) are introduced to represent the experimental γ/γ′ morphology to study the influences of microstructures on the creep behavior of [0 0 1]-oriented single crystal nickel-based superalloys under tensile loading. One RVE (RVE1) is consisted with one cuboidal γ′ phase surrounded by γ phase. The other (RVE2) is constructed by two cuboidal γ′ phases and one rectangle γ′ phase. A raft criterion is implemented into a user subroutine to predict the rafting type. The misfit stress is considered by different thermal expansion coefficients of the two phases. The rafting type is correctly predicted. The evolutions of the stresses distributions are discussed.

Posttranslational modifications of proteins critically regulate the function, localization, and stability of target proteins. Histone modification is one of the regulatory mechanisms that modulate the chromatin structure and thereby affect various DNA-templated processes, such as gene transcription, DNA replication, DNA recombination, and DNA repair in cells. These molecular processes contribute to basic cellular functions, including cell cycle, cell growth, and apoptosis. Histone modifications consist of acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, ubiquitination, sumoylation biotination, citrullination, poly-ADPribosylation, and N-glycosylation. The modification status of histone is balanced by two enzyme families with opposing catalytic activities: histone modifying and de-modifying enzymes. Recent studies have shown that dysfunction of histone modification enzymes is a major cause for human cancer initiation and progression. In this review, we will summarize the functions of histone modification enzymes in cancer, and the mechanisms that histone modification enzymes use to drive or suppress human malignancies.

A series of coumarin-derived azolyl ethanols including imidazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, benzotriazolyl, thiol-imidazolyl and thiol-triazolyl ones were conveniently synthesized and characterized by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and high-resolution mass spectra (HRMS) spectra. Some of the prepared compounds showed appropriate logPow values and effective antibacterial and antifungal activities. Noticeably, compound 14with bis-triazolyl ethanol group exhibited low minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 8 mg/mL against MRSA, which was comparable or even superior to reference drugs Norfloxacin (MIC=8 mg/mL) and Chloramphenicol (MIC=16 mg/mL). It could also effectively inhibit the growth of the tested fungal strains compared to Fluconazole. Further binding studies of coumarin 14with calf thymus DNA were investigated by UV-Vis absorption and fluorescence spectroscopy. It was found that compound 14could interact with calf thymus DNA by groove binding to form 14-DNA complex via both hydrogen bonds and van der Waals force, which might be the factor to exert the powerful antimicrobial activity.

ABSTRACTG protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are critical players in tumor growth and progression. The redundant roles of GPCRs in tumor development confound effective treatment; therefore, targeting a single common signaling component downstream of these receptors may be efficacious. GPCRs transmit signals through heterotrimeric G proteins composed of Gα and Gβγ subunits. Hyperactive Gαssignaling can mediate tumor progression in some tissues; however, recent work in medulloblastoma and basal cell carcinoma revealed that Gαscan also function as a tumor suppressor in neoplasms derived from ectoderm cells including neural and epidermal stem/progenitor cells. In these stem-cell compartments, signaling through Gαssuppresses self-renewal by inhibiting the Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) and Hippo pathways. The loss of GNAS, which encodes Gαs, leads to activation of these pathways, over-proliferation of progenitor cells, and tumor formation. Gαsactivates the cAMP-dependent protein kinase A (PKA) signaling pathway and inhibits activation of SHH effectors Smoothened-Gli. In addition, Gαs-cAMP-PKA activation negatively regulates the Hippo pathway by blocking the NF2-LATS1/2-Yap signaling. In this review, we will address the novel function of the signaling network regulated by Gαsin suppression of SHH-driven tumorigenesis and the therapeutic approaches that can be envisioned to harness this pathway to inhibit tumor growth and progression.

Inconel 718 superalloy is widely used in the aerospace and turbine industry. Segregation of niobium appears in the laser cladding Inconel 718 superalloy and consequently influences the phase transformation during the rapid solidification. In order to control the microstructure and improve the mechanical properties of the deposited coating, the the influence of solidification conditions on the segregation of niobium and the resultant formation of Nb-rich Laves phase was studied using the microstructure observation and EDS analysis. The results show that the cooling rate has considerable influence on the microstructure of the deposited coating. High cooling rate is beneficial for suppressing the segregation of Nb and reducing the formation of Laves phase, which is believed to be detrimental to the performance of the Inconel 718 alloy.

Single-crystalline BaTi2O5 nanowires were synthesized by a simple molten salt method, using BaC2O4•H2O and TiO2 powders as precursors. Electrical characterization was conducted with the as-synthesized BaTi2O5 nanowires. The current-time data of the nanowires obeyed the Curie-von Schweidler law. Steady-state I-V curve was obtained at room temperature from current-time data and it revealed that the leakage current of BaTi2O5 nanowires obeyed the ohmic law under low voltage, and obeyed the space-charge limited current (SCLC) law under higher voltage. The conductivity value of the BaTi2O5 nanowires is 2*10-6 S/cm.

With rapid development of renewable generator, Application of storage plays important role in improving energy efficiency. At first different kinds requirement of storage is analysed with detail case in paper. The trend of storage for future is Prospect. Then demand of new energy for power system is analysed and calculated. A decomposition model for Energy storage for renewable power generation is established. Some suggestion will be given for energy storage for GuangDong power gird co.Ltd.

Due to low design standard, and poor construction quality, Wangwu reservoir, which was built in the fifties, has been running in sub-health for a long time. The dam safety grade is evaluated as Class III, so it must to be reinforcement. The dam foundation anti-seismic reinforcement is one of the main contents. In the paper, the authors introduce the basic method of dam anti-seismic dynamic analysis, combining with the Wangwu reservoir reinforcement project.

AbstractHexagonal 1D AlN whiskers were synthesized by direct nitridation of aluminum and alumina. The effect of the atmosphere was investigated based on thermodynamic calculation. A green body compacting alumina with different particle size in between 44–420 μm in graphite crucible was found to be favorable for the large-scale synthesis of AlN at 1650 °C for 3 h in flowing nitrogen atmosphere. XRD result indicated that hexagonal AlN phase with high purity has been successfully synthesized. SEM and TEM analysis indicated that the whiskers possessed uniform morphology with 100–200 nm in diameter and length up to microns. The formation mechanism was further proposed based on the experimental results.