Search

•The mathematical model of fluid–solid coupling is used for numerical calculation.•Annular fuel flow and heat transfer characteristics under lateral vibration.•The heat transfer characteristics of annular fuel under static and vibration were compared.•Based on the theory of field synergy, the effect of lateral vibration on field synergy is analyzed.

Dynamic multiobjective optimization problems (DMOPs) require Evolutionary algorithms (EAs) to track the time-dependent Pareto-optimal front (PF) or Pareto-optimal set (PS), and provide diversified solutions. Thus, a multiregional co-evolutionary dynamic multiobjective optimization algorithm (MRCDMO) is proposed based on the combination of a multiregional prediction strategy (MRP) and a multiregional diversity maintenance mechanism (MRDM). To accurately predict the moving trend of PS, a series of center points in different subregions is used to build a difference model to estimate the new location of center points when an environmental change is detected. To promote the diversity of the population, some diverse individuals are generated within the subregion of the next predicted PS. These two parts of solutions make up the population under a new environment. The performance of our proposed method is validated by comparison with four state-of-the-art EAs on 12 test functions. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm can effectively cover the changing PF and efficiently predict the location of the moving PS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACTArtocarpin has shown anti-inflammation and anticancer activities. However, the metabolism differences among different species have not been reported. In this work, we used liver microsomes to explore the metabolic characteristics and possible metabolites of artocarpin among different species. The structures of six metabolites were characterized by LC-MS/MS, and hydroxylated artocarpin was the main metabolite. Enzyme kinetics and depletion studies of artocarpin among different species proved that artocarpin metabolism exhibited significant species differences; rats and monkeys showed a great metabolic ability to artocarpin, and minipigs showed the highest similarity to humans. The in vivohepatic clearances of artocarpin in rats and humans were predicted that artocarpin was classified as a high-clearance drug in humans and rats. The glucuronidation assay of artocarpin in different liver microsomes also proved that artocarpin metabolism showed significant species difference. These findings will support further pharmacological or toxicological research on artocarpin.Abbreviations: UGT: UDP-glucuronosyltransferase; CYP: cytochrome P450; LC-MS/MS: liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry; HPLC: high-performance liquid chromatography; HLMs: human liver microsomes; MLMs: monkey liver microsomes; RAMs: rabbit liver microsomes; RLMs: rat liver microsomes; DLMs: dog liver microsomes; PLMs: minipig liver microsomes; Vmax: maximum velocity; Km: Michaelis constant; CLint: intrinsic clearance; CLH:hepatic clearance; QH: hepatic blood flow

In the original model reference adaptive induction motor speed sensorless system based on flux linkage, there is a large fluctuation of the rotational speed in transient and steady state. When the motor speed is estimated, the integral part of voltage model affects the accuracy of the estimated speed with high-frequency signals and noise. In order to solve the above problems and further improve the system’s anti-interference performance and the speed estimation accuracy at low speed, an improved method of speed estimation that combines fuzzy proportional integral control and sliding mode control is proposed, by adopting genetic algorithm to optimize the parameters of the three sliding mode controllers, meanwhile, using the error integration criterion as the objective function of genetic algorithm optimization and searching for the optimal value of the objective function. Compared to the conventional method, the simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed method in the middle- and low-speed regions with improved robustness against external disturbance, also display the high accuracy of estimated speed, the minor amplitude and frequency of speed fluctuation, and the great dynamic performance indexes of the system.

An atom-based aggregation structure for oligomer-like polycarbosilane (PCS) was constructed by simulating multiple molecules composed of six-type silicon–carbon linear and ring units. A critical length was defined via the pair distribution function transferred from the wide-angle X-ray scattering curve and used to characterize the average particle size of PCS. The results revealed that the PCS molecules were untangled from each other, and every molecule formed an ellipsoidal-like particle. The average size of single-molecule particles predicted by the atom-based aggregation model was 1.4 nm for PCS with a number-average molecular weight of ∼1200 g/mol, which was comparable with those evaluated on the basis of the synchrotron radiation small-angle X-ray scattering data for extremely diluted ethanol solutions consisting of PCS and the wide-angle X-ray scattering data for PCS powders. The single-molecule particles in PCS had a fractal type of mass, suggesting a microporous structure.