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A new seamless switching control technique for power factor correction (PFC) is presented for efficiency improvement, especially in discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) operation. Seamless transition between continuous conduction mode (CCM) and DCM can be automatically achieved without requiring additional zero crossing point detection circuit of inductor current. The cost and losses can therefore be reduced. The proposed switching control method calculates the “quasi-SR” duty based upon the input and output voltages. As the “quasi-SR” duty is smaller than the complementary duty, the calculated “quasi-SR” duty is used for the synchronous rectification power device switching control. Otherwise, conventional complementary duty is used. A 3 kW totem-pole PFC is set up for test. The experimental results show the efficiency can be significantly improved as input ac voltage = 110, 230, and 264 Vrms, and 99.28% of peak efficiency is achieved.

Examination of the original types and abundant topotype specimens from the Emanuel Formation (Early Ordovician) and the correlative subsurface Nambeet Formation of the Canning Basin in Western Australia confirms a septimembrate species apparatus for Protoprioniodus simplicissimus, the type species of the genus. Species of Protoprioniodusare characterized by having a seximembrate or septimembrate protoramiform–protopectiniform apparatus with a distinctive basal surface well-developed between the basal margin and the basal flange in the constituent elements. The generic concept of Protoprioniodusis re-defined based on its type species and reassessment of all the species previously assigned to this genus. Protoprioniodusmight be evolved in late Tremadocian (Early Ordovician) possibly from an unknown species of basal Oistodus. With five species confirmatively assigned to, Protoprioniodusis recognized as a morphologically distinctive conodont clade within family Oistodontidae and biostratigraphically useful for correlation of the uppermost Tremadocian to Middle Ordovician rocks. Protoprioniodus simplicissimuswas cosmopolitan while other species seem variably restricted in palaeogeographic distribution.

•What is the primary question addressed by this study?To examine whether depressive and anxiety symptoms were mediators in the association between arthritis and cognitive impairment.•What is the main finding of this study?Arthritis may heighten cognitive impairment risk in Chinese older adults, and the relationship was potentially mediated by depressive and anxiety symptoms.•What is the meaning of the finding?Caregivers and practitioners should maintain a heightened awareness of the potential for cognitive impairment in older adults who suffer from arthritis, especially when accompanied by symptoms of depression and anxiety.

The lymphocyte-specific protein tyrosine kinase (LCK) plays a crucial role in both T-cell development and activation. Dysregulation of LCK signaling has been demonstrated to drive the oncogenesis of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), thus providing a therapeutic target for leukemia treatment. In this study, we introduced a sophisticated virtual screening strategy combined with biological evaluations to discover potent LCK inhibitors. Our initial approach involved utilizing the PLANET algorithm to assess and contrast various scoring methodologies suitable for LCK inhibitor screening. After effectively evaluating PLANET, we progressed to devise a virtual screening workflow that synergistically combines the strengths of PLANET with the capabilities of Schrödinger’s suite. This integrative strategy led to the efficient identification of four potential LCK inhibitors. Among them, compound 1232030-35-1 stood out as the most promising candidate with an IC50of 0.43 nM. Further in vitrobioassays revealed that 1232030-35-1 exhibited robust antiproliferative effects on T-ALL cells, which was attributed to its ability to suppress the phosphorylations of key molecules in the LCK signaling pathway. More importantly, 1232030-35-1 treatment demonstrated profound in vivoantileukemia efficacy in a human T-ALL xenograft model. In addition, complementary molecular dynamics simulations provided deeper insight into the binding kinetics between 1232030-35-1 and LCK, highlighting the formation of a hydrogen bond with Met319. Collectively, our study established a robust and effective screening strategy that integrates AI-driven and conventional methodologies for the identification of LCK inhibitors, positioning 1232030-35-1 as a highly promising and novel drug-like candidate for potential applications in treating T-ALL.

Many new specimens (36 in total) of gastropods were collected from the Ordovician Alai Formation of the Chiatsun Group at Jiacun village, Nyalam County, southern Xizang (Tibet). These gastropods comprise five species assigned to two genera, including Maclurites parviumbilicatusYu, M. cf. nyalamensisYu, M. cf. xizangensisYu, M. cf. subconicusYu, and “Hormotoma” ordosensisYu, forming a Maclurites-“Hormotoma” association. All the species are described in detail herein, and some of which are redefined. This fauna is of middle to late Darriwilian age, and palaeoecologically characterised by species of shallow-water within the photic zone. A comparison of the Macluritescommunity with the contemporary gastropod fauna from the Zhuozishan Formation exposed along the west margin of the North China Block shows a close palaeogeographical affinity. The occurrences of Ordovician gastropods from China are analyzed biogeographically and the results reveal that the peri-Gondwana gastropod faunal turnover event was initiated during the Middle to Late Ordovician transition. The coincident faunal turnover and the lithofacies changes in the Himalaya and western margin of North China suggest that tectonic activities and relative sea-level changes may account for the biogeographical affinities of some specific fossil groups in peri-Gondwanan regions.

The Ordovician rocks on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau represent the oldest non-metamorphic strata, and are critical to understanding the history of regional geology and biotic evolution of the entire plateau. Strata of Floian, Darriwilian, Sandbian, Katian and Hirnantian are represented in the plateau with a hiatus of variable duration occurring underneath the basal Ordovician across the area. Five stratigraphical regions, including the Himalaya, Gangdise-Zayu, Qiangtang-Qamdo, Songpan-Garze, and Karakoram-Kunlun-Altun, are differentiated for the Ordovician strata, which are correlated with their equivalents in the Sibumasu, Indochina, Qaidam-Qilian, Tarim-Tianshan, and the Yangtze (western margin) stratigraphical regions. On the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, graptolites, conodonts, and cephalopods are the most common and useful fossils for the Ordovician biostratigraphy. The Ordovician biotas of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau bear some distinguishable palaeobiogeographical signatures, among which the cephalopods are characterized by the flourishing actinocerids of North China affinity in the Early-Middle Ordovician, and by the thriving lituitids and orthocerids of South China affinity in the Middle-Late Ordovician. Fossil occurrences and their palaeobiogeographical evolution provide critical evidence bearing on the reconstruction of the geological history of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and surrounding terranes in northeastern peri-Gondwana. The stratigraphical successions of the Cambrian-Ordovician transition in the Himalaya and Lhasa and nearby Sibumasu terranes were significantly affected by the Kurgiakh Orogeny, which resulted in the extensive unconformity between the Ordovician and the underlying rocks in most areas of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. In southern Xizang, a warm-water biota of Middle Ordovician age was recovered from oolitic limestones, suggesting a likely palaeogeographical location in low-latitudes near the equator. In the Himalaya and Sibumasu regions, the Upper Ordovician was typified by the occurrence of red carbonates with distinctive reticulate structures, which are correlative to their equivalents in the Yangtze region of South China, and might be deposited under similar geological conditions. The global end-Ordovician glaciation and sea-level drop likely caused the wide absence of late Katian strata in western Yunnan of China and the Shan State of Myanma, and may have also affected deposition in the Xainza and Nyalam areas of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau during this time interval.

Palaeo Down Under3 (PDU3), the now quadrennial conference of the Australasian Palaeontologists(AAP) association, was held in Perth, Western Australia, from the 10th–14th of July 2023. PDU3 showcased innovative research, outreach and education initiatives being conducted across Australasia and beyond by both local and international scientists. A total of 78 talks, 17 posters and 6 plenaries were presented across the five days, and covered a wide range of topics, geological timeframes, and fossil groups. AAP is proud to publish this compilation of PDU3 abstracts to illustrate the current and ongoing strength of Australasian palaeontology.Sarah K. Martin [Sarah.Martin@dmirs.wa.gov.au], Geological Survey of Western Australia, Department of Energy, Mines, Industry Regulation and Safety, 100 Plain St, East Perth, Western Australia 6004, Australia; Michael Archer [m.archer@unsw.edu.au], School of Biological, Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia; Heidi J. Allen [Heidi.allen@dmirs.wa.gov.au], Geological Survey of Western Australia, Department of Energy, Mines, Industry Regulation and Safety, 100 Plain St, East Perth, Western Australia 6004, Australia; Daniel D. Badea [badeadaniel.i13@gmail.com], Faculty of Geography and Geology, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University, Bulevard “Carol I”, Nr.11, 707006, Iași, Romania; Eleanor Beidatsch [ebeidats@myune.edu.au], Palaeoscience Research Centre, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales 2351, Australia; Marissa J. Betts [mbetts7@une.edu.au], Palaeoscience Research Centre/LLUNE, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales 2351, Australia; Maria Blake [maria.blake@monash.edu], School of Earth, Atmosphere and Environment, Monash University, 9 Rainforest Walk, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia; Phillip C. Boan [pboan001@ucr.edu], University of California, Riverside, Geology 1242, 900 University Ave, Riverside, CA 92521, U.S.A.; Tory Botha [tory.botha@adelaide.edu.au], School of Biological Sciences, Molecular Life Sciences Building, North Terrace Campus, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia; Glenn A. Brock [glenn.brock@mq.edu.au], School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, New South Wales 2109, Australia; Luke Brosnan [Luke.Brosnan@postgrad.curtin.edu.au], WA Organic and Isotope Geochemistry Centre, The Institute for Geoscience Research, School of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Building 500, Curtin University, Kent St, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia; Jack Castle-Jones [jack.jones1@students.mq.edu.au], School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, New South Wales 2109, Australia; Jonathan Cramb [jonathan.cramb@qm.qld.gov.au], Queensland Museum, PO Box 3300, South Brisbane BC, Queensland 4101, Australia; Vanesa L. De Pietri [vanesa.depietri@canterbury.ac.nz], School of Earth and Environment, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand; Sherri Donaldson [sherri.donaldson.oz@gmail.com], School of Geosciences, University of Edinburgh, Grant Institute, The King’s Buildings, James Hutton Road, Edinburgh, EH9 3FE, Scotland, U.K.; Elizabeth M. Dowding [dowdingem@gmail.com], Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Loewenichstraße 28 91054 Erlangen, Germany; Ruairidh Duncan [ruairidh.duncan@monash.edu], Evans EvoMorph Lab, Room 226, 18 Innovation Walk, School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia; Amy L. Elson [amy.elson@curtin.edu.au], WA Organic and Isotope Geochemistry Centre, The Institute for Geoscience Research, School of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Building 500, Curtin University, Kent St, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia; Roy M. Farman [r.farman@unsw.edu.au], School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia; Mahala A. Fergusen [mahala.fergusen@adelaide.edu.au], School of Biological Sciences, Benham Building, North Terrace Campus, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia; Alyssa Fjeld [alyssa.fjeld@monash.edu], School of Biological Sciences, 18 Innovation Walk, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, and School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, New South Wales 2109, Australia; David Flannery [david.flannery@qut.edu.au], School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George St, Brisbane, Queensland 4000, Australia; Timothy G. Frauenfelder [timothy.frauenfelder@gmail.com], University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales 2351, Australia; John D. Gorter [johngorter1@gmail.com], PO Box 711, Claremont, Western Australia 6910, Australia; Michelle Gray [m.gray@research.deakin.edu.au], School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia; Nigel Gray [nlg2225@gmail.com], GPO Box 2902, Brisbane, Queensland 4001, Australia; Peter Haines [peter.haines@dmirs.wa.gov.au], Geological Survey of Western Australia, Department of Energy, Mines, Industry Regulation and Safety, 100 Plain St, East Perth, Western Australia 6004, Australia; Lachlan J. Hart [lachlan.hart@australian.museum], Australian Museum Research Institute, 1 William Street, Sydney, New South Wales 2010, Australia; Brooke E. Holland [b.holland@uq.net.au], School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia; James D. Holmes [jamesholmes83@gmail.com], Department of Earth Sciences, Palaeobiology, Uppsala University, Villavägen 16, Uppsala 752 36, Sweden; Lars Holmer [lars.holmer@pal.uu.se], Department of Earth Sciences, Palaeobiology, Uppsala University, Villavägen 16, Uppsala 752 36, Sweden; Ashleigh V.S. Hood [ashleigh.hood@unimelb.edu.au], School of Geography, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia; Alexey P. Ippolitov [ippolitov.ap@gmail.com], School of Geography, Environment and Earth Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington | Te Herenga Waka, 21 Kelburn Parade, Wellington 6012, New Zealand; Christine M. Janis [christine_janis@brown.edu], Bristol Palaeobiology Group, School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Wills Memorial Building, Bristol, BS8 1RJ, U.K.; Benjamin P. Kear [benjamin.kear@em.uu.se], The Museum of Evolution, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 16, SE-752 36 Uppsala, Sweden; Sophie Kelly [sophie.kelly@pg.canterbury.ac.nz], School of Earth and Environment, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand; Justin L. Kitchener [jkitche3@myune.edu.au], School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales 2351, Australia; John R. Laurie [john.r.laurie@gmail.com], Geoscience Australia, Symonston, Australian Capital Territory 2601, and School of Natural Sciences, Macquarie University, North Ryde, New South Wales 2109, Australia; Lucy G. Leahey [lucyleahey@hotmail.com], The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia; John A. Long [john.long@flinders.edu.au], College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, PO Box 2100, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia; Daniel Mantle [dan.mantle@mgpalaeo.com.au], MGPalaeo, Unit 1, 5 Arvida Street, Malaga, Western Australia 6090, Australia; David McB. Martin [david.martin@dmirs.wa.gov.au], Geological Survey of Western Australia, Department of Energy, Mines, Industry Regulation and Safety, 100 Plain St, East Perth, Western Australia 6004, Australia; Chris Mays [cmays@ucc.ie], School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, Distillery Fields, Cork T23 N73K, Ireland; Matthew R. McCurry [matthew.mccurry@austmus.gov.au], Australian Museum, 1 William St, Sydney, New South Wales 2010, Australia; Peter McGoldrick [p.mcgoldrick@utas.edu.au], CODES, University of Tasmania, Locked Bag 66, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia; Corinne L. Mensforth [mens0009@flinders.edu.au], Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia; Rhys D. Meyerkort [meyerkortr@gmail.com], University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Hwy, Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia; Christina Nielsen-Smith [c.nielsensmith@uq.net.au], School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia; Ryan Nel [ryan2nel@gmail.com], Geology Department, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa; Jake Newman-Martin [jake.newman-martin@student.curtin.edu.au], Curtin University, Kent St, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia; Yeongju Oh [yjoh@kopri.re.kr], Division of Earth Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute, 26 Songdomirae-ro, Yeonsu-gu, 21990 Incheon, Republic of Korea, and Polar Science, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea; John R. Paterson [jpater20@une.edu.au], Palaeoscience Research Centre, School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales 2351, Australia; Jacob Pears [J.pears@imperial.ac.uk], School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Kent St, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia; Stephen F. Poropat [steve.poropat@curtin.edu.au], Western Australian Organic and Isotope Geochemistry Centre, School of Earth and Planetary Science, Curtin University, Kent St, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, and Australian Age of Dinosaurs Museum of Natural History, Winton, Queensland 4735, Australia; Catherine M. Reid [catherine.reid@canterbury.ac.nz], School of Earth and Environment, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand; R. Pamela Reid [preid@rsmas.miami.edu], Department of Marine Geosciences, Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33149, U.S.A., and Bahamas Marine EcoCentre, Miami, FL 33158, U.S.A.; Stephanie A. Richter Stretton [srichte2@myune.edu.au], Palaeoscience Research Centre, School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, New South Wales 2351, Australia; Ben Robertson [ben.t.robertson@adelaide.edu.au], School of Physics, Chemistry and Earth Sciences, Mawson Building Room 107, University of Adelaide, North Terrace Campus, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia; Helen E. Ryan [helen.ryan@museum.wa.gov.au], Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Western Australian Museum, 49 Kew Street, Welshpool, Western Australia 6106, Australia; Steven W. Salisbury [s.salisbury@uq.edu.au], School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia; Donna Satterthwait [Donna.Satterthwait@utas.edu.au], CODES, University of Tasmania, Locked Bag 66, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia; Natalie I. Schroeder [Natalie.Schroeder@ga.gov.au], Geoscience Australia, GPO Box 378, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia; Yogmaya Shukla [yogmayashukla@bsip.res.in; yogmayashukla@gmail.com], Birbal Sahni Institute of Palaeosciences, Lucknow-226007, India; Miriam Slodownik [miriam.slodownik@adelaide.edu.au], School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, North Terrace, South Australia 5005, Australia; Patrick M. Smith [Patrick.Smith@austmus.gov.au], Australian Museum, 1 William St, Sydney, New South Wales 2010, Australia, and Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia; Nile P. Stephenson [nps36@cam.ac.uk], Department of Zoology, Downing Pl, University of Cambridge, CB2 3EJ, U.K.; Rachel L. Surprenant [rsurp001@ucr.edu], University of California Riverside, 900 University Ave, Riverside, CA 92521, U.S.A.; Kailah M. Thorn [Kailah.thorn@museum.wa.gov.au], Department of Terrestrial Vertebrates, Western Australia Museum, 49 Kew Street, Welshpool, Western Australia 6101, Australia; Kenny J. Travouillon [kenny.travouillon@museum.wa.gov.au], Western Australian Museum, 49 Kew Street, Welshpool, Western Australia 6101, Australia; Kate M. Trinajstic [K.Trinajstic@curtin.edu.au], School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Kent Street, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia; Madison Tripp [madison.tripp@postgrad.curtin.edu.au], Organic and Isotope Geochemistry Centre, School of Earth and Planetary Science, Curtin University, Kent St, Bentley, Western Australia 6102, Australia; Vikram Vakil [vikram.vakil@uqconnect.edu.au], School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia; Elizabeth A. Weldon [l.weldon@deakin.edu.au], School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia; Joshua White [Joshua.white@anu.edu.au], Research School of Physics, Department of Materials Physics, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, and Australian Museum Research Institute, 1 William Street, Sydney, New South Wales 2010, Australia; Robbert J. Willink [robblink@ozemail.com.au], 11 Coral Sea Court, Sunshine Beach, Queensland 4567, Australia; Gemma L. Wise [g.wise@uq.net.au], School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia; Christina R. Woltz [cwoltz@stanford.edu], Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Stanford University, 450 Jane Stanford Way, Stanford, CA 94305-2115, U.S.A; George Young [george.young@pg.canterbury.ac.nz], School of Earth and Environment, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand; Zhiliang Zhang[zhiliang.zhang@nigpas.ac.cn], Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, People’s Republic of China; Yong Yi Zhen [yong-yi.zhen@regional.nsw.gov.au], Geological Survey of New South Wales, 947–953 Londonderry Road, Londonderry, New South Wales 2753, Australia; Tim Ziegler [tziegler@museum.vic.gov.au], Museums Victoria Research Institute, GPO Box 666, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia.

Alkane-based biodiesel is considered the next generation of biodiesel owing to its potential environmental benefits and the fact that it exhibits much higher specific caloric values than traditional biodiesel. However, the formidable obstacle impeding the commercialization of this cutting-edge fuel alternative lies in the cost associated with its production. In this study, an engineered strain Escherichia coli(E. coli) showcasing harmonized coexpression of a lipase (from Thermomyces lanuginosus lipase, TLL) and a fatty acid photodecarboxylase (from Chlorella variabilis, CvFAP) was first constructed to transform triglycerides into alkanes. The potential of E. coliBL21 (DE3)/pRSFDuet-1-TLL-CvFAP for alkane synthesis was evaluated with tripalmitin as a model substrate under various process conditions. Following a comprehensive examination of the reaction parameters, the scope of the biotransformation was expanded to ‘real’ substrates (vegetable oils). The results showed that bioderived oils can be transformed into alkanes with high yields (0.80–10.20 mmol·L−1) under mild conditions (35 °C, pH 8.0, and 36 h) and blue light illumination. The selected processes were performed on an increased lab scale (up to 100 ml) with up to 24.77 mmol·L−1tripalmitin, leading to a yield of 18.89 mmol·L−1pentadecane. With the employment of a method for efficiently producing alkanes under mild conditions and a simple procedure to isolate alkanes from the reaction system, the utilization of sustainable biomass as a fundamental feedstock emerges as the primary solution to lower the cost of alkane-based biodiesel. Thus, this study proposes a readily implementable and highly effective approach for alkane-based biodiesel production.

AbstractStiptognathus borealisfrom the Lower Ordovician Emanuel Formation and correlative subsurface Nambeet Formation of the Canning Basin in Western Australia is examined taxonomically. It is the type and only known species of the genus Stiptognathus, with a stratigraphical range restricted to the lower Floian (Lower Ordovician). The distribution of S. borealissuggests that this species might have inhabited a spectrum of environments, but it was palaeobiogeographically restricted to the tropical zone, possibly because of sea water temperature sensitivity. This study provides a new description of this species and redefines its constituent element types comprising a seximembrate apparatus. This is characterized by a pastinate Pa element and modified angulate Pb element. Stiptognathus borealisis morphologically most closely related to the genus Fahraeusodus. These taxa form a clade that might be phylogenetically basal to Plectodinidae and Cyatoniodontidae, which flourished in Middle and Late Ordovician times.Yong Yi Zhen [yong-yi.zhen@regional.nsw.gov.au], Geological Survey of New South Wales, W.B. Clarke Geoscience Centre, 947-953 Londonderry Road, Londonderry, NSW 2753, Australia.

Retinoic-acid-receptor-related orphan receptor γ (RORγ) is a major transcription factor for proinflammatory IL-17A production. Here, we revealed that the RORγ deficiency protects mice from STZ-induced Type 1 diabetes (T1D) through inhibiting IL-17A production, leading to improved pancreatic islet β cell function, thereby uncovering a potential novel therapeutic target for treating T1D. We further identified a novel RORγ inverse agonist, ginseng-derived panaxadiol, which selectively inhibits RORγ transcriptional activity with a distinct cofactor recruitment profile from known RORγ ligands. Structural and functional studies of receptor-ligand interactions reveal the molecular basis for a unique binding mode for panaxadiol in the RORγ ligand-binding pocket. Despite its inverse agonist activity, panaxadiol induced the C-terminal AF-2 helix of RORγ to adopt a canonical active conformation. Interestingly, panaxadiol ameliorates mice from STZ-induced T1D through inhibiting IL-17A production in a RORγ-dependent manner. This study demonstrates a novel regulatory function of RORγ with linkage of the IL-17A pathway in pancreatic β cells, and provides a valuable molecule for further investigating RORγ functions in treating T1D.

Byline: Yong-wei. Li, Chun-xia. Wang, Jian-she. Chen, Lu. Chen, Xiao-qian. Zhang, Yue. Hu, Xiao-bin. Niu, Dong-xu. Pei, Xin-wei. Liu, Yong-yi. BiPurpose: An association between catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) 158G/A polymorphism and endometriosis/adenomyosis [...]

AbstractFahraeusodus adentatus, the type species of Fahraeusodus, is revised based on the re-examination of the original types and a large collection of topotype specimens from the Emanuel Formation (Lower Ordovician) of the Canning Basin in Western Australia. Confirmation of a modified pastinate Pa element in the septimembrate ramiform-pectiniform apparatus of this conodont species has resulted in a redefined generic definition for Fahraeusodus. Based on this newly defined diagnosis of Fahraeusodusand its type species, all other species previously assigned to Fahraeusodusand Texaniaare reviewed and now placed in Pohlerodusgen. nov., which is erected herein to substitute Texania, which is a junior homonym.Yong Yi Zhen [yong-yi.zhen@regional.nsw.gov.au], Geological Survey of New South Wales, W.B. Clarke Geoscience Centre, 947–953 Londonderry Road, Londonderry NSW 2753, Australia.

ABSTRACTBased on statistical data from 2005 to 2019, we used the back propagation (BP) neural network model to predict the production amount of plastic waste in Chengdu. In addition to the amount of waste produced we wanted to achieve an understanding of its composition and environmental impacts. Compositions of plastic waste were analyzed by sampling. Particulate matter in the air and greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs) from plastic waste incineration, bisphenol A (BPA) from plastic waste landfills, were also evaluated. Results indicated that (a) economic development, urban construction level, and residents’ consumption were pusitively correlated to different degrees to plastic waste production; (b) the production of plastic waste in Chengdu in 2025 and 2030 will reach 865.3 and 931 kilotons (Kt), respectively; (c) high density polyethylene (HDPE) and polypropylene (PP) are the two main components of plastic waste in Chengdu and accounted for 40.17% and 24.96%, respectively; (d) different degrees of environmental impacts occurred during plastic waste incineration and landfill (taking 2019 as an example, the incineration of plastic waste in Chengdu produced between 2874.82 and 4711.73 tons of inhalable particulate matter (PM) and emitted between 725.4 and 867.4 Kt of CO2, and between 65.02 and 910.27 kg of bisphenol A (BPA) leached from sanitary landfills); (e) positive policies and measures from the beginning to the end-of-life of plastics should be carried out in the future, which would improve the level of plastic waste management in Chengdu and mitigate the side-impacts from plastic waste treatment and disposal.Implications: The implications of this article are Generation trends of plastic waste were revealed by a BP neural network model, which provided essential data for authorities to make decisions on waste management.Influencing factors affecting plastic waste generation were analyzed, which will strongly support policy considerations regarding plastic waste control.This investigation first explored and reported the compositions of plastic waste mixed with municipal solid waste (MSW), which yielded valuable information concerning plastic waste and details concerning the impacts of plastic waste disposal processes.Those results of this investigation, being published here for the first time, will guide plastic waste management in Chengdu and could also provide useful information to other cities regarding that issue.

Background: Eating disorders (EDs) and high body mass index (BMI) are two important public health issues with significant health and cost impacts. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to establish whether interventions are effective in preventing both issues. Methods: Electronic databases were searched up to 10 May 2021. Studies were included if they were randomised or quasi-randomised controlled trials that evaluated a preventive intervention (regardless of its aim to prevent ED, high BMI or both) and reported both EDs and BMI-related outcomes. Both narrative synthesis and meta-analysis were used to synthesise the results. Publication bias was also investigated. Results: Fifty-four studies were included for analysis. The primary aim of the studies was ED prevention (n= 23), high BMI prevention (n= 21) and both ED and high BMI prevention (n= 10). Meta-analysis results indicated that preventive interventions had a significant effect on several ED outcomes including dieting, shape and weight concerns, body dissatisfaction, negative affect, eating disorder symptoms and internalization, with effect sizes ranging from – 0.16 (95% CI – 0.27, – 0.06) to – 0.61 (95% CI – 0.29, – 0.04). Despite several studies that demonstrated positive impacts on BMI, there was no significant effect on BMI-related measures in the meta-analysis. The risk of publication bias was low for the majority of the pooled effect results. Conclusion: Preventive interventions were effective for either high BMI or EDs. However, there is limited evidence to show that current preventive interventions were effective in reducing bothoutcomes. Further research is necessary to explore the risk factors that are shared by these weight-related disorders as well as effective prevention interventions. Level of evidence: Level I: systematic review.

Background: The effect of cocoa products on lipid changes is controversial. Objectives: We aimed to identify and quantify the effect of cocoa on total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and HDL cholesterol. Design: A comprehensive literature search was conducted for relevant trials of cocoa on lipid profile. Weighted mean differences were calculated for net changes in lipid concentrations by using fixed-effects or random-effects models. Previously defined subgroup analyses were performed to identify the source of heterogeneity. Results: Eight trials (involving 215 participants) were included and evaluated. Because there was only one relatively longer-term study, we focused on the short-term data to evaluate the effects of cocoa on plasma lipid. Cocoa consumption significantly lowered LDL cholesterol by 5.87 mg/dL (95% CI: -11.13, -0.61; P < 0.05) and marginally lowered total cholesterol by 5.82 mg/dL (95% CI: -12.39, 0.76; P = 0.08). However, no significant change was seen in LDL cholesterol in high-quality studies (3 studies included; -4.98 mg/dL; 95% CI: -13.18, 3.21; P = 0.23). Subgroup analyses suggested a cholesterol-lowering effect only in those subjects who consumed a low dose of cocoa and with cardiovascular disease risks. There was no evidence of a dose-effect relation, of any effect in healthy subjects, or of any change in HDL cholesterol. Conclusions: Short-term cocoa consumption significantly reduced blood cholesterol, but the changes were dependent on the dose of cocoa consumption and the healthy status of participants. There was no dose response and no effect in healthy participants. Future high-quality studies are needed to determine the efficiency of moderate cocoa consumption on lipid profile in long-term intervention and in subjects with other cardiometabolic risk factors. Am J Clin Nutr 2010;92:218-25. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.2009.28202.

Background: The effect of isoflavone on endothelial function in postmenopausal women is controversial. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of oral isoflavone supplementation on endothelial function, as measured by flow-mediated dilation (FMD), in postmenopausal women. Design: A meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trials was conducted to evaluate the effect of oral isoflavone supplementation on endothelial function in postmenopausal women. Trials were searched in PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library database, and reviews and reference lists of relevant articles. Summary estimates of weighted mean differences (WMDs) and 95% CIs were obtained by using random-effects models. Meta-regression and subgroup analyses were performed to identify the source of heterogeneity. Results: A total of 9 trials were reviewed in the present metaanalysis. Overall, the results of the 9 trials showed that isoflavone significantly increased FMD (WMD: 1.75%; 95% CI: 0.83%, 2.67%; P = 0.0002). Meta-regression analysis indicated that the age-adjusted baseline FMD was inversely related to effect size. Subgroup analysis showed that oral supplementation of isoflavone had no influence on FMD if the age-adjusted baseline FMD was [greater than or equal to] 5.2% (4 trials; WMD: 0.24%; 95% CI: -0.94%, 1.42%; P = 0.69). This improvement seemed to be significant when the age-adjusted baseline FMD levels were doi: 10.3945/ajcn.2009.28203.

We propose a new kind of qubits composed of electric dipolar molecules. The electric dipolar molecules in an external electric field will take simple harmonic oscillations, whose quantum states belonging to the two lowest energy levels act as the states |0〉, |1〉of a qubit. The qubits’ excited states have a very long controlled mean life time about several seconds. We can perform quantum computations by manipulating the qubits of electric dipolar molecules just like those of neutral atoms. When the qubits are used for quantum computations, the dipolar moments’ orientations will harmonically oscillate along an external electric field and they will not change the directions: along or against the electric field, so the qubits can be large-scalely manufactured in graphene system. The radius of Rydberg blockade is about 100 nm.

Tumor endothelial marker 8 (TEM8) was discovered as a cell membrane protein that is predominantly expressed in tumor endothelium and identified as a receptor for anthrax toxin. We developed an antibody-like molecule that consists of the protective antigen (PA)-binding domain of human TEM8 linked to the Fc portion of human immunoglobulin G1 (TEM8-Fc). This engineered protein bound to PA in a divalent cation-dependent manner and efficiently protected J774A.1 macrophage-like cells against anthrax toxin challenge in a dose-dependent manner. TEM8-Fc suppressed the growth and metastasis of xenograft human tumors in athymic nude mice (control versus 10 mg/kg TEM8-Fc, mean tumor weight: LS-180, 1.72 versus 0.16 g, difference = 1.56 g, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.96 to 2.16 g; P

AbstractDocumented here is the systematic description of conodonts from 10 samples collected within the Nambeet Formation in Barnicarndy 1, a deep stratigraphic drillhole located within the Barnicarndy Graben on the southwestern margin of the Canning Basin, Western Australia. The fauna is represented by 22 identifiable species including a new species, Juanognathus? denticulatussp. nov., and several age-diagnostic taxa. Three biozones extending from the upper Tremadocian to upper Floian (Lower Ordovician) are recognized in these assemblages, including the Jumudontus ganandaBiozone, the Oepikodus communisBiozone and the Paroistodus proteusBiozone, all previously recorded from the Samphire Marsh Member of the Nambeet Formation. Identification of this conodont succession has enabled both precise age constraints for this sequence and correlation to other occurrences of the Samphire Marsh Member, and indicates that this unit reaches an apparent thickness of 925 m (from 1345 to 2270 m depth) in Barnicarndy 1. This newly recovered fauna can be well correlated across the basin, such as with Nambeet Formation faunas intersected in the Olympic 1 petroleum well in the northwestern Broome Platform, and from correlative carbonates on the Lennard Shelf along the northern margin of the Canning Basin.Yong Yi Zhen [yong-yi.zhen@planning.nsw.gov.au], Geological Survey of New South Wales, W.B. Clarke Geoscience Center, 947-953 Londonderry Road, Londonderry NSW 2753, Australia; Heidi J Allen [heidi.allen@dmirs.wa.gov.au]; Sarah K Martin [sarah.martin@dmirs.wa.gov.au], Geological Survey of Western Australia, Department of Mines, Industry Regulation and Safety, Mineral House, 100 Plain Street, East Perth WA 6004.

The conodont fauna from the Willara Formation, a carbonate-dominated stratigraphic unit widely distributed in the subsurface Canning Basin of Western Australia, is represented by 41 species, including a new species, Erraticodon neopatuZhen n. sp. The Jumudontus ganandaand Histiodella altifronsbiozones are recognized in the lower and upper parts, respectively, of the Willara Formation. Deposited primarily in shallow nearshore settings, the Willara Formation is characterized by the occurrence of predominantly long-range coniform species of Triangulodus, Scalpellodus, Drepanoistodus, Drepanodus, and Kirkupodus. Several widely distributed age-diagnostic species, including Histiodella altifrons, Histiodella holodentata, Histiodella serrata, and Jumudontus gananda, serve as keys for biostratigraphic analysis and correlation. Our study also shows that the basal and top boundaries of the Willara Formation are diachronous across the basin, extending from the middle Floian (Oepikodus communisBiozone) to middle Darriwilian (Histiodella holodentata-Eoplacognathus pseudoplanusBiozone). This contribution provides crucial new biostratigraphic data for precise correlation of the Willara Formation with its time equivalents regionally and internationally.

Nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors (NLRs), classified as pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), play crucial roles in innate immune responses. However, research on this topic in crustaceans remains limited. In the present study, 27 NLRfamily members were identified and characterized based on the redclaw crayfish genome. Gene structure, conserved domain, and motif analyses revealed that these NLRgenes were classified into four subfamilies with three major domains, and phylogenetic and structural analyses further confirmed their evolutionary conservation. qRT-PCR analysis showed that the relative expression levels of several NLRgenes changed significantly under the DIV1 challenge. More importantly, in vivosilencing of NAWD1gene in Cherax quadricarinatuspromoted DIV1 replication .These findings, together with those of previous studies, suggest that NLRgenes in crustaceans may play a key role in immune responses to viral infections.

AbstractDarriwilian to early Katian conodonts are documented herein from the Kuniutan, Datianba and Pagoda formations at the Daling section of southern Anhui Province, East China, representing a typical Ordovician succession of the marginal Yangtze Platform. A total of 5228 conodont specimens, assigned to 20 genera and 29 species, were recovered from 56 carbonate samples. Seven conodont biozones are recognized, including (in ascending order) the Lenodus antivariabilis, the L. variabilis, the Yangtzeplacognathus crassus, the Dzikodus tablepointensis, the Y. jianyeensis, the Baltoniodus alobatusand the Hamarodus brevirameusbiozones. They provide new data for an improved biostratigraphic correlation of these formations regionally and internationally. Furthermore, the detailed conodont biostratigraphy reveals a hiatus between the top of the Kuniutan Formation and its overlying Datianba Formation at the Daling section, missing the stratigraphic interval spanning from the Eoplacognathus suecicusBiozone (middle Darriwilian) to the lower part of the Pygodus anserinusBiozone (lower Sandbian). Based on the conodont data from the Daling section, the conodont biodiversity shows a prominent increasing trend within the D. tablepointensisBiozone (middle Darriwilian) in the Kuniutan Formation and a moderately increasing trend in the H. brevirameusBiozone (lower Katian) in the Pagoda Formation.Fang-yi Gong* [fygong@nigpas.ac.cn], State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; Center for Excellence in Life and Palaeoenvironment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China. Rong-chang Wu [rcwu@nigpas.ac.cn], State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; Center for Excellence in Life and Palaeoenvironment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. Yong-yi Zhen [yong-yi.zhen@planning.nsw.gov.au], Geological Survey of New South Wales, W.B. Clarke Geoscience Centre, 947–953 Londonderry Road, Londonderry, Australia. Xiao-cong Luan [xcluan@nigpas.ac.cn], State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; Center for Excellence in Life and Palaeoenvironment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. Ren-bin Zhan [rbzhan@nigpas.ac.cn], State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; Center for Excellence in Life and Palaeoenvironment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. Guan-zhou Yan [gzyan@nigpas.ac.cn], State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; Center for Excellence in Life and Palaeoenvironment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; University of Chinese Academy of China, Beijing, China.

Funded by Geoscience Australia’s Exploring for the Future initiative and operated by the Geological Survey of Western Australia, the Waukarlycarly 1 deep stratigraphic drillhole was designed to investigate the geology of the little-known Waukarlycarly Embayment and assess the petroleum, mineral, groundwater and CO2 storage potential of the area. Based on consultation with the Western Desert Lands Aboriginal Corporation on the cultural significance of the name, Waukarlycarly, it has been agreed to change the name of the well to Barnicarndy 1 and the tectonic subdivision to the Barnicarndy Graben. This and all future publications will now refer to the Barnicarndy 1 stratigraphic drillhole (previously Waukarlycarly 1) and the Barnicarndy Graben (previously Waukarlycarly Embayment). Drilling commenced on 1 September 2019 and reached a total depth (TD) of 2680.53m on 30 November 2019, recovering more than 2km of continuous core. The cored interval extended from 580m to TD in Neoproterozoic Yeneena Basin dolostone, which was unconformably overlain by a thick, lower Canning Basin Ordovician stratigraphy, including richly fossiliferous marine mudstones with common volcanic ash beds. A major unconformity is located at the top of the Ordovician section where it is overlain by sandstones and muddy diamictites of the Carboniferous–Permian Grant Group, followed by a Cenozoic succession near surface. Ditch cuttings were collected from surface to 580m at 3m intervals. The pre-Grant Group Paleozoic succession is unique within the Canning Basin, indicating that the Barnicarndy Graben’s depositional history is markedly different when compared with adjacent structural subdivisions, such as the Munro Arch and Kidson Sub-basin. Detrital zircon geochronology, biostratigraphy and borehole imaging interpretation assisted in the definition of two new geological units within the Ordovician stratigraphy of Barnicarndy 1: the Yapukarninjarra and Barnicarndy formations. Preliminary routine core analysis data indicates the potential for CO2 storage within the Barnicarndy Formation beneath a Grant Group seal. The well also provides new insights into the structural interpretation of the Barnicarndy Graben.

BackgroundGermline variants in PTPN11are the primary cause of Noonan syndrome with multiple lentigines (NSML) and Noonan syndrome (NS), which share common skin and facial symptoms, cardiac anomalies and retardation of growth. Hearing loss is considered an infrequent feature in patients with NSML/NS. However, in our cohort, we identified a group of patients with PTPN11pathogenic variants that were primarily manifested in congenital sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). This study evaluated the incidence of PTPN11-related NSML or NS in patients with congenital SNHL and explored the expression of PTPN11and the underlying mechanisms in the auditory system.MethodsA total of 1502 patients with congenital SNHL were enrolled. Detailed phenotype-genotype correlations were analysed in patients with PTPN11variants. Immunolabelling of Ptpn11 was performed in P35 mice. Zebrafish with Ptpn11knockdown/mutant overexpression were constructed to further explore mechanism underlying the phenotypes.ResultsTen NSML/NS probands were diagnosed via the identification of pathogenic variants of PTPN11, which accounted for ~0.67% of the congenital SNHL cases. In mice cochlea, Shp2, which is encoded by Ptpn11, is distributed in the spiral ganglion neurons, hair cells and supporting cells of the inner ear. In zebrafish, knockdown of ptpn11aand overexpression of mutant PTPN11were associated with a significant decrease in hair cells and supporting cells. We concluded that congenital SNHL could be a major symptom in PTPN11-associated NSML or NS. Other features may be mild, especially in children.ConclusionScreening for PTPN11in patients with congenital hearing loss and variant-based diagnoses are recommended.

The cooling control of the melt during the casting process is of great significance. A comprehensive closed-loop cooling control of castings by adopting a skeletal sand mold design was proposed. The skeletal sand mold consisting of an adaptive shell, functional cavities and a support was designed and created based on the finite difference meshes of a casting. It was applied to a round wall test casting. Two kinds of skeletal sand molds, one with lattice support and the other with enforcing ribs for this casting were designed and printed out by the 3D printing (3DP) method. Aluminum alloy A356 was cast by using these two sand molds. The first mold was cooled by natural convection, the other one by water spray cooling. Two sound castings were obtained. The sand mold temperature, cooling curves, microstructures, mechanical properties, residual stress and deformation were measured, compared and discussed. Water spray cooling hastened the cooling rate by 62%, increased the content of Mg and Cu in the a-Al matrix, improved the mechanical properties, and altered the surface residual stress state.

•We have indicated moxibustion treatment is able to resist inflammation in CIA rats effectively.•Using GC–MS metabolomics technique, we detect novel metabolites in the moxibustion antiarthritic process, which may aid in advanced understanding of arthritis and therapeutic mechanism of moxibustion.

Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text.

Environmental heat-to-electric energy conversion provides a promising solution to power sensors used for wearable and portable devices. Yet the near-room-temperature thermoelectric materials are extremely rare. The natural heterostructure [Bi2]m[Bi2Q3]nfamily provides an important platform to search and develop the cheaper and less toxic of such materials. However, the bottleneck problem in this family is how to enhance the interlayer electrical conductivity (σ). Herein, we uncover for the first time that the delocalized π-bond interaction between the stacking layers in the [Bi2]m[Bi2Se3]nfamily effectively increases the interlayer carrier mobility (μH) and σ. Moreover, we propose an empirical index, F= Dpx,py(Bi0)/Dpx,py(Bi3+) along the kzdirection in the Brillouin zone to evaluate the strength of the interlayer delocalized π-bond. Fis optimized at a value of 1, under which μHis maximized. Interestingly, Bi8Se7possessing an optimal F= 1.06 is predicted to have the best μHin the [Bi2]m[Bi2Q3]nfamily. Our subsequent experiments confirm the as-synthesized Bi8Se7exhibiting n-type behavior with a μHvalue (33.08 cm2/(V s) at 300 K) that is higher than that of BiSe (26.19 cm2/(V s) at 300 K) and an enhanced σ value. Furthermore, the Te/Sb codoping, via varying the top of the valence band, significantly increases the Seebeck coefficient and eventually enhances the ZTvalue to ∼0.7 in Bi5.6Sb2.4Se5Te2at 425 K along the hot-pressing direction, which is comparable to the optimized value of BiSe. According to the single parabolic band model prediction, the ZTof Bi5.6Sb2.4Se5Te2may reach ∼1.2 at 425 K, suggesting a novel and promising n-type thermoelectric material near room temperature.

AbstractCorals representing the sole occurrence of C/S Fauna IV of the regional biostratigraphic scheme occur in limestone in the uppermost Malachis Hill Formation of the Bowan Park area, central New South Wales. New species described and illustrated from this fauna include the rugosan Bowanophyllum ramosumand tabulate Hemiagetiolites longiseptatus. Also documented are three other distinct species of Hemiagetiolites, H. spinimarginatus(Hall, 1975), H.sp. cf. H. palaeofavositoides(Lin & Chow, 1977) and H. sp., an unnamed species of Paleofavosites, and three heliolitine corals, Heliolites waicunensisLin & Chow, 1977, Navoites cargoensis(Hill, 1957) and Plasmoporellasp. These descriptions, which complete knowledge of the entire fauna collected over 50 years, enable interesting conclusions to be drawn regarding palaeogeographic affinities of this youngest in situOrdovician coral fauna known from eastern Australia. Its remarkable similarities to contemporaneous coral faunas from South Tien Shan and the Chu-Ili Terrane indicate strong connections between eastern Australia and the latter two terranes, supporting their positioning in equatorial latitudes of eastern peri-Gondwana. However, it is puzzling that fewer similarities exist between the eastern Australian coral fauna and those from rocks of Katian age in SE China, which may be due to either a slightly younger age of the former fauna or a relatively higher palaeolatitudinal position of South China.Guangxu Wang [gxwang@nigpas.ac.cn], State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy; Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Nanjing 210008, China; Ian G. Percival [ian.percival@planning.nsw.gov.au], and Yong Yi Zhen [yong-yi.zhen@planning.nsw.gov.au], Geological Survey of New South Wales, 947–953 Londonderry Road, Londonderry, NSW 2753, Australia.

AbstractThe conodonts documented by Watson form one of the best-known middle Darriwilian faunas from Australia. The present contribution is based on the re-examination of this material. Thirty-one conodont species from the subsurface Goldwyer and Nita formations of the Santalum 1 A drill core section of the Canning Basin, Western Australia are documented and described, including two new species, Belodina watsonisp. nov. and Scalpellodus percivalisp. nov. The revised fauna is characterized by diagnostic species, namely Histiodella holodentata, Histiodella triangularis, and Eoplacognathus pseudoplanus. It provides compelling evidence to correlate this stratigraphic interval represented by the upper part of the Goldwyer and overlying Nita formations in the Santalum 1 A drill core section to the Histiodella holodentataor Eoplacognathus pseudoplanusbiozones of middle Darriwilian age. However, in the Canning Basin, the faunal change signaled by the disappearance of H. holodentataand appearance of E. pseudoplanusreflects shifting of depositional settings from intermediate to outer shelf environments to shallower inner shelf conditions, coinciding with a regional regression event. New taxonomic data also enable more precise regional correlation of middle Darriwilian rocks across the Canning Basin and the Amadeus and Georgina basins in northern-central Australia.Y.Y. Zhen [yong-yi.zhen@planning.nsw.gov.au], Geological Survey of New South Wales, Division of Mining, Exploration and Geoscience, Department of Regional New South Wales, W.B. Clarke Geoscience Centre, 947–953 Londonderry Road, Londonderry NSW, 2753, Australia.