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Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to test the relationship between environmental regulations and green total factor productivity (GTFP) of China's logistics industry. The high-factor input, high-energy consumption, and high-pollution emissions model of the logistics industry developed within China faces challenges from severe resource and environmental constraints. It is generally believed that environmental regulations effectively restrain pollution emissions and help protect the environment. Design/methodology/approach: The authors employ the undesirable slack-based Malmquist Luenberger model to calculate the GTFP across the provincial logistics industry and use the mediation effect model and threshold effect model to explore the effects and mechanics of environmental transmission regulations on the GTFP. Findings: The main results show significant regional differences in the GTFP of logistics industry across China. In the transmission path of the impact of environmental regulations on the GTFP, regional innovation capabilities have mediation effects. Regional innovation capacities have a masking effect on the transmission path of environmental regulations on accumulated technical efficiency changes (AEC) and accumulated technical changes (ATC). The threshold effect test results show a dual-threshold effect between environmental regulations and the GTFP, with environmental regulations as threshold variable. Furthermore, the impact of regional innovation capability on the GTFP has a dual-threshold effect, with environmental regulation as threshold variable. Practical implications: First, it is advisable to plan the environmental regulation policy system thoroughly and add supporting measures to ensure the efficiency and smooth implementation of the nation's environmental policies. Second, it is important to further understand the critical role of innovation capability in improving the GTFP. Third, there is an urgent need to standardize the operating behavior and market order of the leading players in the logistics market and to improve the operational efficiency of logistics enterprises. Originality/value: So far, a systematical study researched on effect of environmental regulation on the GTFP in logistics industry was not published. This study can provide experience for the high-quality development of the logistics industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Photocatalysis is considered as one of the most promising technologies to generate renewable energy and degrade environmental pollutants. Tremendous efforts have been made to improve photocatalytic efficiency. Among these, tuning spin polarization and introducing an external magnetic field are considered two promising strategies to boost photocatalytic performance. Herein this review highlights the recent breakthroughs through manipulating spin states and applying external magnetic fields for enhancing photocatalytic reactions. The relevant characterization techniques and fundamental mechanisms are summarized. Spin polarization states of photocatalysts have received considerable attention due to their unique roles, including inhibiting the recombination of photoexcited carriers owing to spin orientation constraint, enhancing the reaction product selectivity, and reducing the reaction barriers via optimizing the absorption energy and binding strength. As for the effects of external magnetic field on photocatalytic performance, we mainly discuss the separation enhancement of photoinduced carriers under static and time-varying magnetic fields and the magneto-hydrodynamic effect of charged particles. Lastly, the negative magnetoresistance effect is discussed due to the synergistic effects of the electron spin state and an external magnetic field. These discussions in this review may provide new insights into designing new semiconductors for boosting photocatalytic performance in internal and external magnetic fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An efficient methodology to access various fluoroalkyl sulfoxides bearing ortho/para-functionalized amine scaffolds from arylhydroxylamines is described. The transformation was featured with new electrophilic trifluoromethylthiolated reagents, good functional group tolerance, and late-stage modification of complex bioactive scaffolds, providing a rapid access to prepare numerous trifluoromethyl- and difluoromethyl-substituted sulfoxides. Mechanism studies and density functional theory calculations suggest this reaction goes through a nucleophilic trifluoromethylthiolation of arylhydroxylamine and subsequent internal 2,3-sigmatropic rearrangement involving a sulfur and oxygen transfer process.

The stable periodic porous shielding materials were prepared by combining the strategies of 3D printing and metamaterial design.The relationship between porous material structure and electromagnetic interference shielding efficiency (EMI SE) effectiveness was deeply explored, revealing the important structural parameters for realizing tunable EMI SE property.The optimized design of the periodic porous shielding box achieves effective EMI shielding in a wide wavelength range (over 2.4 GHz).

Chemical looping combustion (CLC) is a promising CO2capture technology, which expected to achieve 100% capture efficiency with a low energy penalty. The principle of CLC is utilizing an oxygen carrier as a medium for transporting oxygen between two reactors, aiming to avoid nitrogen in combustion exhaust. This article discusses the advances in chemical looping with a focus on oxygen carriers, reactors, coupling systems, and other applications of CLC concept for solid fuels. The development and design of high performance oxygen carriers and suitable reactors are key factors in the development of CLC technology. The main challenge in scaling up the CLC process is the development of appropriate OCs with optimal properties, including high transport oxygen capacity, reactivity, and stability. Recently, a fair number of hours of continuous operation in pilot plants have instilled the confidence required in further development of this process towards commercialization. The use of solid fuels is gaining momentum, and the liquid fuels need further attention for its development. The integrated systems based on chemical looping technology for poly-generation applications simultaneously achieve the efficient conversion and cascade utilization of chemical energy and CO2separation. The article also describes the prospects of the future development in the chemical looping technology, and its viability for industrial deployment.

AbstractAs renewable energy expands rapidly in installed capacity and in built-over area, constructors and researchers are shifting their sights from the lands to the seas. Offshore wind power (OWP), or offshore wind farm, is a typical source of the renewable energy constructed on the offshore islands or in the oceans. Since the installed capacity of OWP has become booming since 2000, its relevant researches also grow substantially. The objective of this paper is to quantify the research works of OWP and to analyze their focuses, main producers and high impact literature using bibliometric method, where the OWP-related core literature in recent 40 years are sorted out and a visualized analysis closely concerned terms, contributors on national/regional basis, and highly cited articles. The results show that researchers have been largely followed on the grid-connection operations, the frameworks and the ambient environment change of offshore wind power. Moreover, the UK has taken the leading position on the study of OWP at present.

BaSnO 3nanoparticles and (Bu 4N) 2(Ru)(dcbpyH) 2(NCS) 2(called N719)-sensitized BaSnO 3nanoparticles were prepared by the sol−gel method. The structures and optical absorption spectra of the samples were examined with X-ray diffraction and UV−vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, respectively. Surface photovoltaic properties of the samples were investigated by surface photovoltage spectroscopy and electric field-induced surface photovoltage spectroscopy. The results indicate that N719 can enhance the photovoltaic response as well as extend the photovoltaic response range of BaSnO 3nanoparticles to the visible region, which shows potential application in harvesting solar energy and future photovoltaic technology. The transfer of charge carriers between the dye and the semiconductor accounts for this photosensitization phenomenon. Valence-band spectra prove that the relative energy levels of N719 and the as-prepared BaSnO 3nanoparticles fit well with the energy requirements for efficient electron injection.

The inclusion complexes of four ligands binding to cyclodextrins (CDs) were studied by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and the dissociation constants of the complexes were obtained. The 1:1 stoichiometric inclusion complex was found in the system of CD and fenbufen or aspirin. The obtained KDvalues of the inclusion complexes of fenbufen binding to α-CD and to β-CD are 4.38 × 10−4mol L−1and 2.12 × 10−4mol L−1, respectively. The KDvalues of the inclusion complexes of α-CD-aspirin and β-CD-aspirin are 3.33 × 10−4mol L−1and 1.83 × 10−4mol L−1, respectively. A non-linear least squares regression method was applied to validate the results which were consistent with each other. For the system of tetracycline hydrochloride and CD, the 1:1 and 1:2 stoichiometric inclusion complexes were found in the mass spectra. The KD,1and KD,2values of the 1:1 and 1:2 stoichiometric inclusion complexes of α-CD and tetracycline hydrochloride are 4.47 × 10−4mol L−1and 6.51 × 10−4mol L−1, respectively, and those of β-CD and tetracycline hydrochloride are 2.26 × 10−4mol L−1and 8.57 × 10−4mol L−1, respectively. For the system of norfloxacin and CD, besides the 1:1 and 1:2 inclusion complexes, the 1:3 stoichiometric inclusion complex was also found. The KD,1, KD,2and KD,3of α-CD and norfloxacin inclusion complexes are 4.61 × 10−4mol L−1, 6.05 × 10−4mol L−1and 1.45 × 10−3mol L−1, respectively. The three KDvalues of β-CD and norfloxacin are 1.96 × 10−4mol L−1, 4.93 × 10−4mol L−1and 1.15 × 10−3mol L−1, respectively.