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Background and objective: There are a substantial proportion of elderly patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) miss the optimal time window (12 h from symptom onset) of primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). For these patients, the ideal timing of delayed PCI remains undetermined. Therefore, this study compared the clinical outcomes of early versus late delayed PCI in elderly patients with STEMI. Methods: From January 2014 to September 2019, 512 patients aged ≥ 65 years with STEMI who underwent delayed PCI after 12 h from symptom onset were included and then categorized into the early PCI group (12–48 h, n= 111) and late PCI group (48 h-28 days, n= 401) according to the timing of delayed PCI. Propensity score matching (PSM) was conducted to adjust the confounding factors between groups. The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCE), a composite of all-cause death, cardiac death, recurrent myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, and ischemia-driven revascularization. Results: During a mean follow-up of 77 months, 163 (31.8%) patients developed MACCE and 93 (18.2%) died. Early or late delayed PCI did not make a significant difference in clinical outcomes of MACCE (Before PSM: HR 0.773, 95% CI 0.520–1.149, P= 0.203; After PSM: HR 0.869, 95% CI 0.498–1.517, P= 0.622), all-cause death, cardiac death, recurrent MI, stroke, and ischemia-driven revascularization in both overall patients and the PSM cohorts. Conclusion: Early delayed PCI (12–48 h from symptom onset), for elderly patients with STEMI who present > 12 h after symptom onset is not associated with better long-term clinical outcomes compared with late delayed PCI (48 h-28 days).

ABSTRACTEmerging evidence has demonstrated that long noncoding RNA (lncRNAs) play a vital role in the development of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC); however, the biological effects and underlying mechanisms of human leukocyte antigen complex group-18 HCG18 (HCG18) have not yet been reported in HNSCC. In this study, we detected the expression of the HCG18 in HNSCC cell lines and patient tissues. We observed that HCG18 was upregulated in HNSCC patient tissues and cell lines. Furthermore, silencing of HCG18 significantly inhibited proliferation, migration, and invasion of HNSCC cells, whereas the opposite effects were detected in the HCG18-overexpressed group. We also found that HCG18 directly binds to the functional protein cyclin D1. Upregulated cyclin D1 reversed the inhibitory effects of HCG18 in HNSCC cell lines and activated the WNT pathway-related proteins (AXIN2, survivin, c-Myc, and β-catenin) simultaneously. Knockdown of cyclin D1 could accelerate the inhibitory effects of HCG18 and decrease the expression of AXIN2, survivin, c-Myc, and β-catenin. This indicated that lncRNA HCG18 might be involved in the tumorigenesis of HNSCC via the cyclin D1-WNT pathway. These results suggest that lncRNA HCG18 could act as a promising prognostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target in HNSCC patients.

Cotton fibers are the main raw materials of the textile industry. Exogenous superior fiber genes have been introduced into upland cotton to develop high-yield cultivars with excellent fiber quality. We used a single chromosomal segment on the chromosome A07 substitution line SL7, with high fiber strength, to investigate the molecular mechanism underlying its fiber quality. RNA-seq and KEGG analysis showed that 70 differentially expressed genes were enriched in plant hormone transduction pathways, including auxin, ethylene and abscisic acid, in fibers at 10 days post-anthesis (DPA). Among these, fiber-development related transcription factors MYB and NAC, including Gh_A11G0981(MYB108), Gh_A03G0887(NAC029), and Gh_A08G1691(NAC021), were significantly upregulated in SL7, as were numerous cellulose synthase-like (CSL) genes involved in non-cellulose polysaccharide and cell wall synthesis. The hemicellulose content of SL7 was significantly higher than that of L22, an upland cotton cultivar. These results suggest that key genes in the introgressed chromosomal segment of SL7 regulate the expression of transcription-factor genes via hormone-transduction pathways, thereby inducing the expression of genes involved in secondary wall synthesis and ultimately improving fiber quality. This study has shed light on the molecular mechanism of fiber development and will contribute to the improvement of fiber quality of upland cotton by molecular breeding.

Leaves are the most important organs for photosynthesis. Many cotton leaf mutants (Gossypiumspp.) have been reported and broadened the insights of leaf development. A natural occurring small, crinkled leaf (scl) mutant of upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutumL.) occurs in SY321 (wild type, WT), a high-yield upland cotton cultivar that is widely planted in China. The sclhas a small and crinkled leaf phenotype. The shoot apical meristem (SAM) of scldid not form the essential typical layered structure, and the cell layers were arranged in a disordered manner. The free IAA concentration of shoot tips was significantly reduced in the sclaccording to ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) analysis. Gene expression profiles showed that 432 genes were differentially expressed between scland WT. The top 20 enriched pathways were analyzed using the Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) database and four pathways, including flavonoid biosynthesis, photosynthesis, RNA transport, and carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms, were considered as significantly enriched pathways. Furthermore, a number of differentially expressed genes related to auxin activity, including flavonoids biosynthesis, auxin perception and signal transduction pathway, auxin transport, and ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis pathways, were identified, and the altered expressions of these genes might be responsible for the aberrant phenotype of the scl.

Objective Statins have been shown to be beneficial for the prevention of cardiovascular events. In elderly individuals, the efficacy of statins remains controversial and the comparative effect of statins has not been assessed.Methods MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Central database were searched for randomized controlled trials that assessed statins in older patients.Results Seventeen trials were analyzed. When used for secondary prevention, statins were associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular events, all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, revascularization, and stroke. When used for primary prevention, statins reduced the risk of myocardial infarction and revascularization, but did not significantly affect other outcomes. A modest difference between pharmaceutical statin products was found, and high-quality evidence indicated that intensive atorvastatin had the greatest benefits for secondary prevention.Conclusions In secondary prevention, evidence strongly suggests that statins are associated with a reduction in the risk of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular events, cardiovascular mortality, and revascularization. However, differences in the effects of various statins do not appear to have significant effects on therapy in secondary prevention for the elderly.

Corydalis yanhusuoW. T. Wang (Papaveraceae) is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine that has long been used to treat several conditions and is widely distributed in Asian countries. This review focuses on the traditional uses, botany, phytochemistry, pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, and toxicology of C. yanhusuo. The literature on C. yanhusuowas reviewed using several resources, including classic books on Chinese herbal medicine and scientific databases, namely, PubMed, Springer, Web of Science, Science Direct, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure. Based on information from these databases regarding the chemical components of C. yanhusuo, we evaluated the underlying interaction network between chemical components, biological targets, and associated diseases using Cytoscape software. To date, more than 160 compounds have been isolated and identified from C. yanhusuo, including alkaloids, organic acids, volatile oils, amino acids, nucleosides, alcohols, and sugars. The crude extracts and purified compounds of this plant have analgesic, antiarrhythmic, and antipeptic ulcer properties, along with hypnotic effects. However, studies on the pharmacokinetics of C. yanhusuoextracts remain limited. C. yanhusuohas therapeutic potential in diseases such as cancer and depression, probably due to glaucine and corydaline. Our network pharmacology analysis revealed interactions between 20 compounds, 54 corresponding targets, and 4 health conditions. We found that leonticine, tetrahydroberberine, and corydalmine may regulate the expression of PTGS2, PTGS1, KCNH2, SCN5A, RXRA, CAMKK2, NCOA2, and ESR1, representing a potential treatment strategy against pain, gastric ulcers, inflammation, and cardiac arrhythmias. Additionally, this article discusses the future directions of research on C. yanhusuo.

In order to improve the geometry structure of GPS satellites and the precision of GPS/pseudolites integrated relative positioning, fundamental theories between GPS and pseudolite were compared. Then, the corresponding formulas were illustrated, and the necessity of the pseudolite application was explained. A four-dimensional location model was proposed, taking the dilution of precision (DOP) as the dependent variable and the parameters of time, azimuth and elevation angle as the independent variables, and the concrete steps to the application of the model was given. In addition, a one-step addition method of pseudolite was given to improve the multi-step one, and the position dilution of precision (PDOP) was taken as the evaluation index. The results indicate that the two addition manners can realize the optimal pseudolite location and dramatically improve the reliability and efficiency of the pseudolite location. And, the new one-step method is superior to the multi-step one, especially for the case of two pseudolites addition. The new method can provide more effective location schemes with the PDOP decreasing by over 1.0 in some unfavourable areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]