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Background:Primary liver cancer, of which around 75–85% is hepatocellular carcinoma in China, is the fourth most common malignancy and the second leading cause of tumor-related death, thereby posing a significant threat to the life and health of the Chinese people. Summary:Since the publication of Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Primary Liver Cancer in China in June 2017, which were updated by the National Health Commission in December 2019, additional high-quality evidence has emerged from researchers worldwide regarding the diagnosis, staging, and treatment of liver cancer, that requires the guidelines to be updated again. The new edition (2022 Edition) was written by more than 100 experts in the field of liver cancer in China, which not only reflects the real-world situation in China but also may reshape the nationwide diagnosis and treatment of liver cancer. Key Messages:The new guideline aims to encourage the implementation of evidence-based practice and improve the national average 5-year survival rate for patients with liver cancer, as proposed in the “Health China 2030 Blueprint.”

Background:Primary liver cancer, around 90% are hepatocellular carcinoma in China, is the fourth most common malignancy and the second leading cause of tumor-related death, thereby posing a significant threat to the life and health of the Chinese people. Summary:Since the publication of Guidelines for Diagnosis and Treatment of Primary Liver Cancer (2017 Edition)in 2018, additional high-quality evidence has emerged with relevance to the diagnosis, staging, and treatment of liver cancer in and outside China that requires the guidelines to be updated. The new edition (2019 Edition)was written by more than 70 experts in the field of liver cancer in China. They reflect the real-world situation in China regarding diagnosing and treating liver cancer in recent years. Key Messages:Most importantly, the new guidelines were endorsed and promulgated by the Bureau of Medical Administration of the National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China in December 2019.

Permeability is difficult to evaluate in reservoir petrophysics property, especially in low porosity–permeability reservoir. The conventional permeability estimation model with establishment of the regression relationship between permeability and porosity is not applicable. This regression hypothesis based on the correlation between porosity and permeability (logarithm) is not available in low porosity–permeability reservoir. It remains a challenging problem in tight and heterogeneous formations’ petrophysical interpretation. Feature engineering process, as the most significant procedure in data-driven analytics, indicates that accurate modelling should be based on the main control factor on permeability ignoring its concrete mathematical expression. To select the factors that influence the main function of the model, and use the appropriate model to carry out the model structure, fusion and optimization is the main task to permeability estimation in low porosity–permeability reservoirs. Fuzzy logic, as a widely used approach in estimation of permeability, can be used to estimate the permeability with the advantage of tolerance. Its good adaptation in objective contradictory concepts and false elements in computational processes outweighs the traditional method on permeability estimation which always lies in a wide distribution of orders of magnitude. The research takes the permeability estimation issue in Mesozoic strata, Gaoqing area as example. The area of study mainly contains reservoirs with low-to-ultra-low porosity–permeability. The relationship between porosity and permeability is somewhat certain but insufficient using the regression method to predict. The research combined specialized feature engineering process with the fuzzy logic analysis to predict permeability. First, this paper analyzes that the main control factors of permeability in the region is the homogenization by diagenetic with statistical multivariate variance analysis SNK (Student–Newman–Keuls) method. It can be characterized by $$\varDelta {\varphi }$$ Δφ , the changing degrees of porosity. To characterize the permeability response in well logs, the variables standing for a comprehensive reflection of the formation hydrology, lithology, and diagenesis are selected in the result of the electrofacies, SP, LLS, AC by multivariate variable selection method. The study is trying to combine the logging principle to explain its physical meaning by the statistical results. For discrete variables like electrofacies in modelling, scale quantization should be conducted by the optimal scale analysis considering discrete variables influences on permeability instead of manual labelling by numbers. Finally, the fuzzy logic analysis is carried out to achieve the results. The study makes a comparison of results in three ways to indicate the importance of feature engineering. That is, improved results with optimized model, model without feature engineering, and ordinary regression model. The optimized model with feature engineering predicts the permeability more conformed to the core data.

ABSTRACTC-X-C motif chemokine ligand 5 (CXCL5) is initially identified to recruit neutrophils by interacting with its receptor, C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 2 (CXCR2). Our prior work demonstrated that the expression levels of CXCL5 and CXCR2 were higher in the papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) tumors than that in the non-tumors. This study was performed to further investigate how this axis regulates the growth of PTC cells. B-CPAP cells (BRAFV600E) and TPC-1 cells (RET/PTC rearrangement) expressing CXCR-2 were used as in vitrocell models. Our results showed that the recombinant human CXCL5 (rhCXCL5) promoted the proliferation of PTC cells. rhCXCL5 accelerated the G1/S transition, upregulated the expression of a group of S (DNA synthesis) or M (mitosis)-promoting cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), and downregulated CDK inhibitors in PTC cells. The CDS region of homo sapiens CXCL5gene was inserted into an eukaryotic expression vector to mediate the overexpression of CXCL5 in PTC cells. The phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) and p38, and the nuclear translocation of c-Jun were enhanced by CXCL5 overexpression, whereas attenuated by CXCR2 antagonist SB225002. Additionally, CXCL5/CXCR2 axis, JNK and p38 pathway inhibitors, SB225002, SP600125 and SB203580, suppressed the growth of PTC cells overexpressing CXCL5 in nude mice, respectively. Collectively, our study demonstrates a growth-promoting effect of CXCL5-CXCR2 axis in PTC cells in vitroand in vivo.

A comprehensive pan-human spectral library is critical for biomarker discovery using mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics. DPHL v.1, a previous pan-human library built from 1,096 data-dependent acquisition (DDA) MS data of 16 human tissue types, allows quantifying of 10,943 proteins. Here, we generated DPHL v.2 from 1,608 DDA-MS data. The data included 586 DDA-MS data acquired from 18 tissue types, while 1,022 files were derived from DPHL v.1. DPHL v.2 thus comprises data from 24 sample types, including several cancer types (lung, breast, kidney, and prostate cancer, among others). We generated four variants of DPHL v.2 to include semi-tryptic peptides and protein isoforms. DPHL v.2 was then applied to two colorectal cancer cohorts. The numbers of identified and significantly dysregulated proteins increased by at least 21.7% and 14.2%, respectively, compared with DPHL v.1. Our findings show that the increased human proteome coverage of DPHL v.2 provides larger pools of potential protein biomarkers.

Aberrant sialylation is closely associated with malignant phenotypes of tumor cells, including invasiveness and metastasis. This study investigated sialylation with regard to the modification of invasive properties and chemosensitivity in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines and the association between the sialyltransferase gene family and clinicopathological characteristics in HCC patients. Using mass spectrometry analysis, we found that the composition profiling of sialylated N-glycans differed between MHCC97H and MHCC97L cells with different metastatic potential. The expressional profiles of 20 sialyltransferase genes showed differential expression in two cell lines, transitional and tumor tissues, from the same patients. Two genes, ST6GAL1 and ST8SIA2, were detected as overexpressed in MHCC97H and MHCC97L cells. The altered expression levels of ST6GAL1 and ST8SIA2 corresponded to a changed invasive phenotype and chemosensitivity of MHCC97H and MHCC97L cells both in vitroand in vivo. Further data indicated that manipulation of the expression of the two genes led to altered activity of the phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathway. Targeting the PI3K/Akt pathway by its specific inhibitor wortmannin or by Akt RNA interference resulted in a reduced capacity for invasion and chemoresistance of MHCC97H cells. Our results imply that sialylation may function as an internal factor, regulating the invasion and chemosensitivity of HCC, probably through ST6GAL1 or ST8SIA2 regulation of the activity of the PI3K/Akt pathway.

A type of redox flow battery, based on lead (II) dissolved in the electrolyte, has emerged as possible system for energy storage. However, the formation of lead dendrite and the evolution of hydrogen in the last stage of charge have limited the application of soluble lead flow batteries. A comparison study on electrochemical behavior of polyaniline (PANI) suspension indicates that the electrochemical response of PANI suspension in flowing mode significantly differs from that in static state, exhibiting good charge transfer property due to continuous renewal of PANI microparticles by the flow of suspension. Therefore, PANI microparticle suspension is used as anode material to fabricate the lead dioxide flow battery. The cycle performance of the lead dioxide flow battery has been improved by replacing the lead electrode with the flowable PANI, and the average of discharge capacity loss is only 0.05% per cycle during 60 cycles. The coulombic efficiency shows no significant change with the number of cycles over the experiment. Furthermore, the working current density of 20 mA cm[?]2 in the proposed battery system has been achieved, which is greatly enhanced compared with the conventional PANI film batteries.

AbstractAnisakiasis is a parasitic disease acquired by humans when ingesting raw or undercooked fish infected with L3 larvae of the nematode genus Anisakisor Pseudoterranova. Here we report the first case of human anisakiasis in China. The patient, male, 56 years old, Dalian citizen, was admitted into the hospital with vomiting, peripheral umbilicus and abdominal distension, and frequent mucous diarrhea. The patient was examined using an electronic gastroscope, which displayed a parasite residing in the stomach, and subsequently gastroscope-assisted surgery was implemented. A white round worm was removed from the patient and stained. It was identified as L3 larvae of Anisakis. After the removal of the L3 larvae of Anisakis, the inflammation symptoms disappeared. As the first report of clinical case of Anisakisinfection in China, the morphology of L3 Anisakislarvae from the patient is described and discussed. We conclude that anisakiasis should be considered in patients who have a habit of eating raw fish and who display associated symptoms.

Austenitic steel is a candidate material for supercritical water-cooled reactor (SCWR). This study is to investigate the stress corrosion cracking (SCC) behavior of HR3C under the effect of supercritical water chemistry. A transition phenomenon of the water parameters was monitored during a pseudocritical region by water quality experiments at 650°C and 30 MPa. The stress–strain curves and fracture time of HR3C were obtained by slow strain rate tensile (SSRT) tests in the supercritical water at 620°C and 25 MPa. The concentration of the dissolved oxygen (DO) was 200–1000  μg/kg, and the strain rate was 7.5×10−7/s. The recent results showed that the failure mode was dominated by intergranular brittle fracture. The relations of the oxygen concentration and the fracture time were nonlinear. 200–500  μg/kg of oxygen accelerated the cracking, but a longer fracture time was measured when the oxygen concentration was increased to 1000  μg/kg. Chromium depletion occurred in the oxide layer at the tip of cracks. Grain size increased and chain-precipitated phases were observed in the fractured specimens. These characteristics were considered to contribute to the intergranular SCC.

A type of redox flow battery, based on lead (II) dissolved in the electrolyte, has emerged as possible system for energy storage. However, the formation of lead dendrite and the evolution of hydrogen in the last stage of charge have limited the application of soluble lead flow batteries. A comparison study on electrochemical behavior of polyaniline (PANI) suspension indicates that the electrochemical response of PANI suspension in flowing mode significantly differs from that in static state, exhibiting good charge transfer property due to continuous renewal of PANI microparticles by the flow of suspension. Therefore, PANI microparticle suspension is used as anode material to fabricate the lead dioxide flow battery. The cycle performance of the lead dioxide flow battery has been improved by replacing the lead electrode with the flowable PANI, and the average of discharge capacity loss is only 0.05% per cycle during 60 cycles. The coulombic efficiency shows no significant change with the number of cycles over the experiment. Furthermore, the working current density of 20 mA cm−2in the proposed battery system has been achieved, which is greatly enhanced compared with the conventional PANI film batteries.

The campaign life of an iron blast furnace depends on hearth wear. Distributions of liquid iron flow and refractory temperatures have a significant influence on hearth wear. A 3D comprehensive computational fluid dynamics model has been developed specifically for simulating the blast furnace hearth. It includes both the hot metal flow and the conjugate heat transfer through the refractories. The model has been extensively validated using measurement data from Mittal Steel old, new IH7 blast furnace and U.S. Steel 13 blast furnace. Good agreements between measured and calculated refractory temperature profiles have been achieved. It has been used to analyze the velocity and temperature distributions and wear patterns of different furnaces and operating conditions. The results can be used to predict the inner profile of hearth and to provide guidance for protecting the hearth.