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The "Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report" ("MMWR") Series is prepared by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Data presented by the Notifiable Disease Data Team and 122 Cities Mortality Data Team in the weekly "MMWR" are provisional, based on weekly reports to CDC by state health departments. This issue of "Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report" includes the following reports: (1) Current Tobacco Use Among Middle and High School Students--United States, 2011 (Rene A. Arrazola, Shanta R. Dube, and Martha Engstrom); (2) Interim Guidance for Clinicians Considering the Use of Preexposure Prophylaxis for the Prevention of HIV Infection in Heterosexually Active Adults (DK Smith, Michael C. Thigpen, Steven R. Nesheim, Margaret A. Lampe, Lynn A. Paxton, Taraz Samandari, Amy Lansky, Jonathan Mermin, and Kevin Fenton); (3) Update to CDC's "Sexually Transmitted Diseases Treatment Guidelines," 2010: Oral Cephalosporins No Longer a Recommended Treatment for Gonococcal Infections (Carlos del Rio, Geraldine Hall, King Holmes, Edward W. Hook, Robert D. Kirkcaldy, Kimberly A. Workowski, Sarah Kidd, Hillard S. Weinstock, John R. Papp, David Trees, Thomas A. Peterman, and Gail Bolan); and (4) Vital Signs: Walking Among Adults--United States, 2005 and 2010 (David Berrigan, Dianna D. Carroll, Janet E. Fulton, Deborah A. Galuska, David R. Brown, Joan M. Dorn, Brian Armour, and Prabasaj Paul). Announcements and QuickStats are also included. Individual reports contain figures, tables and references.

"Outlook" is the monthly newsletter for the Council for American Private Education (CAPE). Each issue contains information relating to private education such as: new legislation and regulations, the most recent research, court rulings, national trends, federal initiatives, private school news briefs, and more. This issue includes: (1) Education Department Issues Comprehensive Title IX Guidance; (2) NAEP [National Assessment of Educational Progress] Results Improve Since 1970s; (3) School Crime and Safety Vary by School Type; (4) Choice & Congress; and (5) CAPEnotes. [For "Outlook. Number 344," see ED504756.]

Parents are the central source of emotional, financial and social support for their children. Many young people also have the benefit of relationships with adults other than parents--including teachers, coaches, grandparents, older siblings, neighbors and employers--who serve as informal mentors. These relationships provide youth with extra attention, affection, guidance and a sense of direction and self-worth--all of which are increasingly important given the wide array of outside influences, not all of them positive, that face young people today. Once viewed as a natural process that took place in the immediate or extended family, mentoring has become an increasingly popular strategy for enhancing the academic, social and emotional development of middle and high school students, particularly those at risk of underachievement. Today, there are nearly 5,000 volunteer-based youth mentoring programs operating nationwide, sponsored by government agencies, school districts, businesses, universities, professional organizations and nonprofit groups. Such programs give students stronger incentives for staying in school, avenues for exploring education and career paths, exposure to positive social norms, and access to the guidance and support of a caring adult. But research also provides evidence of the potential adverse effects of programs targeting at-risk youth that are poorly designed and managed. Mentoring relationships cut short by unclear or conflicting expectations, lack of support and other problems "may do more harm than good." This issue of "The Progress of Education Reform" focuses on: (1) an overview of different types of mentoring programs; (2) benefits and potential adverse effects of mentoring programs; and (3) mentoring as part of schoolwide reform efforts. Summaries of four articles on mentoring and links to other Web sites are also included.

The career and technical education (CTE) system before Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 has been characterized as traditionally dominated by gender segregation and discrimination. The most damaging consequence of such gender bias is to limit females' access to the benefits of CTE--the living wage that provides females the same economic self-sufficiency that males have long enjoyed. Thirty years later, there are still striking gender disparities in guidance and counseling practices, CTE program enrollment, level and quality of classes available in traditionally male and traditionally female CTE programs, and wages earned by female and male graduates. In the United States, females continue to out-perform males in reading and writing, and males continue to outperform females in math and science in elementary and secondary grades; enrollment in postsecondary undergraduate and graduate degree programs remains fairly gender traditional; and females are still underrepresented in professional degree programs. Some individual state reports (from Louisiana, Virginia, and New Jersey, for instance) show a certain amount of movement toward gender balance in CTE enrollments. Access to CTE and its benefits is not perfectly equitable but is apparently better than it used to be; efforts to improve access by eliminating gender bias, segregation, and discrimination have not been completely effective, but have had some effect. (Contains 14 references) (YLB)

This issue of the CACD Journal includes theoretical proposals and practical reports of initiatives for innovation and change in the counseling profession. A theme feature section, "Reframing School Guidance and Counseling," examines changes in the state, district, and school. An additional feature section, "The Personal Side of Counseling," highlights feelings, opinions, and attitudes within and about the counseling profession. The following articles appear: "A Model for Self-Supervision in Counselor Education" (Gold); "Polarity Analysis and Management: An Alternative Approach to Unsolvable Problems and Unresolvable Conflicts" (Hurst and VanderVeen); "Cross-Cultural Comparison of College Students in Taiwan, Philippines, and the United States on the Inventory of Counseling and Development" (Salazar-Liu, Andberg, Michelucci, and Giddan); "Incorporating Behavioral Medicine into the Counselor Education Curriculum" (Gill-Wigal, Thorne, and McBee); "A Comparison of Screening Procedures in CACREP and Non-CACREP Programs" (Bradey); "The Long Lever: Reframing Guidance in Arizona Schools" (Johnson and Ammon); "Developing a District-Wide Outcome-Based Guidance Program" (Maliszewski, Pilkington, and Radd); "Who Is Your Counselor? Does it Really Matter?" (Lehmanowsky); "The Helping Person's Credo" (Levy); "Binding Pact" (Rizk); "A Proposed Category for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM): Pervasive Labeling Disorder" (Levy). (JBJ)

This continuing ERIC/CAPS series, entitled Searchlight Plus, consists of two components: first, an in-depth review of cited materials, including prime issues and trends, and implications for helping professionals; and second, citations from an ERIC computer search on the topic. Series topics are selected in response to user requests. Presented in the review section are several existing program evaluation models, specific evaluation strategies, and applications of the models. Counselors, administrators, teachers and program evaluators could profit from this document. (Author/BMW)

Perspectives on the profession of guidance and counseling during the 1970's are discussed and reviewed. Major topics focus on licensure, government relations, counselor renewal, collective bargaining and counselor competence. Also included is a survey of the 1980's, focusing on testing programs and their potential future, emerging sex roles, and counselors as change agents. This publication could be useful to anyone in guidance, counseling and/or personnel services. (Author/BMW)

This continuing ERIC/CAPS series, entitled Searchlight Plus, consists of two components: first, an in-depth review of cited materials, including prime issues and trends, and implications for helping professionals; and, second, citations from an ERIC computer search on the topic. Series topics are selected in response to user requests. Presented in the review section are ways in which tests are used; and testing issues, biases, validity and interpretation. (Author/BMW)

This annotated bibliography provides a representative sample of the available literature on mentoring. It reviews both qualitative and quantitative research, and covers specific mentoring programs, program implementation, and testimonials to the benefits of mentoring. Materials covered include 40 journal articles, conference papers, books, and dissertations. They are arranged alphabetically by author. Publication dates range from 1978 to the present. Terminology for participants in the mentoring process, and for the process itself, vary throughout the literature. A number of synonyms for mentor (including sponsor, patron, model, and developer) and mentee (including protege, apprentice, modeler, and developee) are used, depending on authorial perspective and the context of the mentoring experience. In most cases, formal or programmatic mentoring, in which mentors are assigned to mentees, is under consideration. Materials covered in the bibliography were selected because they convey a clear sense of mentors, mentees, and the mentoring process; they are intended to provide a starting point for an exploration of the literature. Annotations include detailed summaries of item contents. (Author/AF)

This paper analyzes the literature on mentoring for adult and youth populations for the following purposes: (1) to apply issues and concerns found in the literature to mentoring programs for disadvantaged and tenacious youth; and (2) to establish assumptions and program principles beyond the considerations of the existing literature. Chapter I, "The Basis and Functions of Planned Mentoring," distinguishes between natural (non-parental, unstructured) and planned (formal, programmatic) mentoring and examines the psychological bases of the mentoring process as well as the social values inherent in mentoring programs. Chapter II, "Mentoring in Organizations," describes natural and planned mentoring in the forum where they first became popular, and explores the shortcomings and benefits of their application to youth mentoring. Chapter III, "Planned Mentoring for Tenacious and Other Youth," discusses formal mentoring programs for disadvantaged youth and explores such issues as program organization and mentor-mentee match. Chapter IV, "The Power of Mentoring," focuses on the salience of the mentoring relationship and examines its place within larger multi-intervention programs. Chapter V, "Summary and Conclusions," contains general observations on youth mentoring programs and policy recommendations for their conduct. A list of 81 references, and the names of 64 organizations and programs consulted, are appended. (AF)

Eleven brief articles focus on specific learning disabilities with emphasis on programs in New York State and City. Articles have the following titles and authors: "The History of Learning Disabilities Revisited" (J. Wiederholt, G. Hale); "The Learning in Learning Disability--Ask What, Not Why" (R. Schworm) which stresses the need to identify problem behavior not global causes); "The Resource Room's Role in School Discipline" (D. Leach, S. Quinby); "Legislation and the Resource Room--The New York City Program" (J. Luchow, et al.); "An Administrative Perspective on Implementing a Learning Disabilities Program under P.L. 94-142" (M. Burwell); "A Modified I.E.P. Responds to Instructional Needs" (G. Schena); "The Teaching Assistant--Professional Partner in Special Education" (M. Broth); "Guidance and Mainstreaming" (L. Smith); "Toward a Taxonomy of Specific Learning Disabilities" (J. Gould); "Five Faces of Cognition--Theoretical Influences on Approaches to Learning Disabilities" (W. Hresko); and "Learning Disabilities in the '80s--New York DCLD" (S. Johnson). (DB)

Guidance, tailored to personal needs, is essential in shaping each person's educational and vocational path. Targeted orientation can contribute to the construction of personalized itineraries that enhance the individual's talents, expectations, and aspirations in a way that offers the possibility of pursuing goals consistent with one's inclinations. The Ministry of Education's recent guidelines aim to strengthen the link between the first and second cycles of education and training, creating a structured and coordinated guidance system that recognizes students' talents, aptitudes and inclinations. The aim is to accompany students on a personal, vocational and educational life path. This paper offers a first commentary on this, underlining the importance of the autonomy dimension of educational institutions in the next phase of implementation of the guidelines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Different laws, including the recent Law no.227 / 2021 "Delega al Governo in materia di disabilità", underline the importance of building educational projects for pupils, especially in a condition of disability, according to the Life Design’s perspective: alongside the pedagogical tension that characterizes the daily educational experience it is essential that the learning contexts know how to systematize organizational strategies to manage the various school life’s transitions: from the entering school phase, to internships experience rather than in outgoing educational guidance, assuming a systemic and unitary vision introduced thirty years ago with the law 104/1992. This paper documents the quantitative outcomes relating to the first phase of a survey involving a network of Vocational Training Centers (VTC) in Italy. The main goal is to know and understand the complexity of the practices implemented, the VTCs ability to give coherence to the educational guidance, even linking themselves to different stakeholders in the territory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article considers the problem of guiding an unknown number of controllable interceptors to rendezvous with the same target at the same time. It is assumed that the all of the interceptors and the target are described by linear dynamics with Gaussian noise, though the theory presented does not preclude more general models. This article extends the work of Athans to consider a scenario, where the number of interceptors is unknown and time-varying. In particular, the focus is on the development of a stochastic multiobject guidance law for simulaneous rendezvous and interception. The article is presented as an homage to Athans’ original work which was published nearly 50 years ago. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, multi-core architectures are being more and more used in the design of real-time systems. Those systems react usually to their environment that requires to amend their behaviors by applying reconfiguration scenarios. This paper deals with multi-core reconfigurable real-time systems that should be adapted to their environment under real-time constraints. Meanwhile, their synthesis induces a heavy system code and time overhead due to a huge number of threads. The setting up of those systems involves many stages: i) definition of system functionalities, ii) generating of tasks, iii) placement and scheduling of tasks, and iv) generating system code. Correct transition among these steps has an impact on the final system implementation. Thus the need of a designer's experience is definitely required. However, many problems related to design decisions can be caused due to the complexity of real-time analysis, scheduling, and placement. Those problems may conduct to infeasible implementations. The proposed approach presents a guidance framework to avoid these problems from specification to code generation. This framework is performed by mixed-integer linear programming. It aims to resolve a task partitioning/scheduling problem while optimizing some metrics. The viability of the proposed framework is illustrated by a case study and performance evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

IRB leaders describe the challenges staff faced during the transition to remote working. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An autonomous rendezvous navigation and guidance method for a Mars sample return mission is proposed. Based on the Mars' centroid and apparent diameter from an optical autonomous navigation sensor and the relative position from a rendezvous sensor, a navigation filter is designed to simultaneously estimate the orbit states both of the orbit vehicle and the ascent vehicle. As the update rate of the optical autonomous navigation sensor is notably less than the filter calculation rate, a novel generator algorithm for the sequential measurements is applied in the filter, which can generate the sequential data for every measurement update procedure and improve the filter's capability. Using the navigation results, a coelliptic orbit rendezvous strategy is adopted to complete the near phase rendezvous, and four impulses calculated by the T-H guidance law are executed in this phase. Finally, the efficiency of the method is validated by a simulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Human research protection programs and IRBs nationwide responded quickly and efficiently to changing processes and policies during the early months of the COVID-19 pandemic, according to the results of a recent study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

IRB Advisor asked OHRP to look back since its launch in June 2000 to see how human research protections has evolved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Space autonomous rendezvous to a non-cooperative target is a key technology of an on-orbit operation mission or space attack and defense mission. Maneuvers of a non-cooperative target spacecraft brings many difficulties, such as avoiding, spin and nutation. A standard convex programming problem for the autonomous rendezvous based on a certain propulsion system under some necessary constraints is formulated in this paper. Then, the guidance errors which are caused by the non-cooperative target’s dynamic characteristics and elimination technique are analyzed. An advanced guidance method is proposed. The primal-dual interior point method is the core optimal algorithm of this method. Finally, several explicit simulations are carried out to confirm the feasibility and robustness of the present algorithm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An April cyberattack has caused Evotec to revise down its financial guidance and expectations from unpartnered R&D efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on drag acceleration profile, a predictor-corrector guidance law which can guide longitudinal motion and lateral motion synergistically is proposed in this paper. The drag acceleration profile is designed through interpolating between upper drag boundary and lower drag boundary, and then corrected to eliminate the range error. The altitude error is eliminated by adjusting attack angle. The lateral error is eliminated by regulating the reversal time of bank angle. Comparing with the traditional methods, the proposed one can correct the 3-dimensional motion of the vehicle. Using interpolated drag acceleration profile, the flight constraints can be easily dealt with. Moreover, in a correction cycle, the method in this paper only needs twice trajectory predictions, which is favorable for on-board calculation. The simulation results indicate that the proposed guidance law has a high precision and robustness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Information Processing & Management / Joho Kanri is the property of Japan Science & Technology Agency and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

According to the requirement of space applications such as spacecraft RVD, formation flight and in-orbit operation in high elliptical orbits, the relative motion between the spacecraft in high elliptical orbit is analyzed and modeled. Using the method of power series, the approximate solutions of the system are solved in two cases, i. e. under the impulse thrust control and under the constant thrust control. By the transformation of the system solutions and the reconstruction of the system states, three guidance laws for rendezvous are given. The pulse guidance law under the assumption of impulse thrust control is similar to Hill ' s Guidance for near-circular orbit. However, the full state feedback guidance law under the assumption of constant thrust force control realizes the control of both relative position and relative velocity in the process of rendezvous guidance, hovering and tracking fly-around control. By constructing the new system states, the variable coefficient full state feedback guidance law improves the guidance accuracy of the relative velocity and reduces the maximal orbit control acceleration needed in the relative guidance process. The guidance effect of these three guidance laws is verified and compared by means of mathematical simulation. The methods proposed in this paper solve the relative rendezvous guidance，hovering and tracking fly-around control problem in the elliptical orbits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The university criticized the "misinformation, confusion and emotion leading the conversation" about its guidance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A state law prohibits any public funds from being used on abortion or promoting services for "the prevention of conception," including in schools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The entry vehicle researched in this paper is a low lift-to-drag ratio spacecraft. Its lift-to-drag ratio is smaller than 0.5. Based on the survey of atmospheric entry guidance techniques for low lift-to-drag ratio spacecraft, firstly the required constraint conditions and the challenges encountered in the earth and Mars atmospheric entry guidance process are analyzed. Then the algorithms for atmospheric entry guidance are summarized. Simultaneously the merits and drawbacks of the different guidance algorithms are compared and analyzed. Finally, the difficulties and future research directions of entry guidance techniques are forecasted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming at the trajectory optimization and guidance (TOG) of a hypersonic gliding vehicle considering under the condition of multi-constrains, the methods of TOG are divided into off-line TOG and on-line TOG, and the prospect is brought forward. The mathematical models with stochastic disturbances of the TOG for the hypersonic gliding vehicle are first built. The offline TOG is summarized from two sides of determinacy and robustness, according to whether considering stochastic disturbances or not. The on-line TOG is classified as reference guidance and predictive guidance, and the principle of the reference guidance is reference trajectory on-line generation and reference trajectory tracking. Finally, it is pointed out that the future research of the TOG should be enhanced at the model, calculational efficiency, multitask, and high-accuracy guidance and so on. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When the experimental information group (IG) of experienced Apis mellifera ligustica numbered over 100-110 foragers, the arrival rates of their inexperienced hive mates at the feeder 170 m away from the hive during the three-day experiment in July 2008 and one follow-up day in August of the same year changed radically. In other words, from the initial sporadic arrivals at the beginning, there were barrage-like arrival rates by the end of the daily observation period. The sporadic and very slow arrival rates of inexperienced foragers to the feeder can be explained by assuming that they arrived there via a spiral route that randomly changed directions, whereas the barragelike rates of arrivals can be explained by the assumption that these bees flew in a direct route from the hive to the feeder. Contrary to the large experimental IG, the control- IG consisting of fewer than 30 experienced foragers did not recruit newcomers at all; the arrival rates of the inexperienced bees were equal to zero. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

US Steel expects to report record adjusted earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (Ebitda) of $1.6 billion for the second quarter, according to guidance released on Thursday June 16. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]