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According to a preprint abstract, researchers are conducting a computational analysis to study treatment-resistant prostate cancer cells. Prostate cancer is a common and deadly disease in men, and taxane-based chemotherapy is currently the only treatment that prolongs survival in metastatic prostate cancer patients. The researchers aim to identify criteria for selecting the most suitable drug combination for individual patients by analyzing the dynamics of microtubules, which are critical for tumor survival. They also investigate the link between sensitivity/resistance to taxanes and gene expression driven by androgen receptor (AR) variants. This research has not yet undergone peer review. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by researchers at Sun Yat-sen University in Guangzhou, China, explored the use of liposomes in neoadjuvant chemotherapy for HER2-positive breast cancer. The study involved a sequential treatment regimen with pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD)/cyclophosphamide followed by taxanes and full-course trastuzumab/pertuzumab. The results showed promising anti-tumor activity and acceptable tolerability, with a high rate of pathological complete response in the breast and axilla. The study also analyzed biomarkers and found no correlation between TOP2A expression and treatment response. This research provides valuable insights into the optimal treatment approach for HER2-positive breast cancer. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report published by US Biotest Inc. discusses the development of large surface area microparticle taxanes for the local treatment of primary carcinomas, with a focus on immunomodulation. The report highlights the potential benefits of intratumoral injection of these microparticles, including reductions in tumor volume and increases in immune effector cells. Clinical trials have shown increased levels of checkpoint expression in immune cells, indicating a potential synergy with immune checkpoint inhibitors. The researchers conclude that these microparticles may improve solid tumor response to immune checkpoint inhibitors without additional systemic toxicity. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at the University of Miami explores the mechanisms of cell death in cancer chemotherapy using taxanes. The study suggests that taxanes, a type of chemotherapy drug, may be effective in purging cancer cells by stabilizing microtubules and inducing micronucleation and the rupture of the nuclear membrane. This mechanism, rather than triggering apoptosis, may be a key factor in the success of taxanes as anti-cancer agents. The study provides insights into potential cell death mechanisms in cancer therapy and highlights the need for further research in this area. [Extracted from the article]

Corylus avellana (hazelnut) is one of the most popular tree nuts on a worldwide basis. The main products of C. avellana are kernels, a nutritious food, with a high content of healthy lipids, contained in a hard shell. In recent years, along with the ongoing research carried out on hazelnut kernels, a growing interest has been addressed to the hazelnut byproducts including hazelnut skin, hazelnut hard shell, and hazelnut green leafy cover as well as hazelnut tree leaf. These byproducts deriving from the roasting, cracking, shelling/hulling, and harvesting processes have been found as a source of "phytochemicals" with biological activity. The aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive and critical update on the chemistry and biological activity of specialized metabolites occurring in hazelnut kernels and byproducts. Phenolics are the most abundant phytochemicals not only in the kernels, but also in other processing byproducts. Attention has been also devoted to taxane derivatives isolated from C. avellana leaves. An overview on the biological activity, mainly antioxidant, antiproliferative, and antimicrobial along with less common biological effects, has been provided, contributing to highlight C. avellana as a source of bioactive phytochemicals with the potential to exert beneficial effects on human health. Finally, analytical techniques for the quali-quantitative analysis of specialized metabolites occurring in the different parts of C. avellana have been reviewed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A study conducted by researchers at Jilin University in Changchun, China, explores a more efficient method for extracting taxanes, which are compounds known for their anticancer effects, from Taxus cuspidata needles. The study focuses on the ultrasonic microwave synergistic extraction (UME) method, which combines ultrasound and microwave technology to accelerate the release of compounds. The researchers found that the optimal UME parameters for taxanes extraction were an ultrasonic power of 300 W, a microwave power of 215 W, and 130 sieve meshes. Under these conditions, the taxanes yield increased by 13.41% and 41.63% compared to ultrasound and microwave treatments, respectively. The UME method was found to be effective in extracting taxanes by damaging cellular structures. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Universidade Federal do Para in Brazil focused on the clinical-epidemiological profile and toxicities of taxane-based chemotherapy treatment in women with breast cancer in the Amazon region. The study found that taxane drugs, while effective in treating breast cancer, can also induce severe toxicities, with neurotoxicity being the most frequent. The majority of the 300 women in the study were in the 40-49 age range, of brown ethnicity, and had completed elementary school. The findings highlight the importance of early detection, comprehensive risk factors, and effective management of treatment toxicities to improve patient outcomes in breast cancer care in the Amazon region. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at China Medical University and Hospital in Taichung, Taiwan, explores the use of taxanes in the treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Taxanes, particularly docetaxel (DTX), have been widely used in combination therapy for HNSCC. The study highlights the advantages of using DTX in combination with cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil for locally advanced unresectable HNSCC, as well as the low toxicity and increased response observed when DTX is combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors for recurrent or metastatic HNSCC. The researchers also discuss the mechanisms of taxane resistance in HNSCC and suggest that a detailed understanding of these mechanisms could aid in the development of potential therapeutic methods and effective combination strategies to overcome drug resistance. [Extracted from the article]

Keywords: Jiangsu; People's Republic of China; Asia; Anthracyclines; Antibiotics; Aromatic Polycyclic Hydrocarbons; Breast Cancer; Cancer; Chemotherapy; Drugs and Therapies; Health and Medicine; Hydrocarbons; Naphthacenes; Oncology; Women's Health EN Jiangsu People's Republic of China Asia Anthracyclines Antibiotics Aromatic Polycyclic Hydrocarbons Breast Cancer Cancer Chemotherapy Drugs and Therapies Health and Medicine Hydrocarbons Naphthacenes Oncology Women's Health 330 330 1 10/24/23 20231023 NES 231023 2023 OCT 24 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Women's Health Weekly -- Research findings on Oncology - Breast Cancer are discussed in a new report. Keywords for this news article include: Jiangsu, People's Republic of China, Asia, Anthracyclines, Antibiotics, Aromatic Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Breast Cancer, Cancer, Chemotherapy, Drugs and Therapies, Health and Medicine, Hydrocarbons, Naphthacenes, Oncology, Women's Health, Xuzhou Medical University. Jiangsu, People's Republic of China, Asia, Anthracyclines, Antibiotics, Aromatic Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Breast Cancer, Cancer, Chemotherapy, Drugs and Therapies, Health and Medicine, Hydrocarbons, Naphthacenes, Oncology, Women's Health. [Extracted from the article]

Patients tolerated well RDD and breakthrough reactions (BTR) occurred in 32.2% of paclitaxel-treated patients and in 20.6% of docetaxel treated patients. Boston, State:Massachusetts, United States, North and Central America, Antineoplastics, Cycloparaffins, Diterpenes, Docetaxel Therapy, Drugs and Therapies, Health and Medicine, Hydrocarbons, Hypersensitivity, Immune System Diseases and Conditions, Immunology, Mitotic Inhibitors, Organic Chemicals, Paclitaxel Therapy, Pharmaceuticals, Taxoids, Terpenes Keywords: Boston; State:Massachusetts; United States; North and Central America; Antineoplastics; Cycloparaffins; Diterpenes; Docetaxel Therapy; Drugs and Therapies; Health and Medicine; Hydrocarbons; Hypersensitivity; Immune System Diseases and Conditions; Immunology; Mitotic Inhibitors; Organic Chemicals; Paclitaxel Therapy; Pharmaceuticals; Taxoids; Terpenes EN Boston State:Massachusetts United States North and Central America Antineoplastics Cycloparaffins Diterpenes Docetaxel Therapy Drugs and Therapies Health and Medicine Hydrocarbons Hypersensitivity Immune System Diseases and Conditions Immunology Mitotic Inhibitors Organic Chemicals Paclitaxel Therapy Pharmaceuticals Taxoids Terpenes 670 670 1 09/19/23 20230922 NES 230922 2023 SEP 22 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Drug Week -- New research on Immune System Diseases and Conditions - Hypersensitivity is the subject of a report. [Extracted from the article]

Keywords: Glassboro; State:New Jersey; United States; North and Central America; Antineoplastics; Cabazitaxel Therapy; Docetaxel Therapy; Drug Resistance; Drugs and Therapies; Genetics; Health and Medicine; Microtubule Proteins; Mitotic Inhibitors; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Paclitaxel Therapy; Pharmaceuticals; Tubulin EN Glassboro State:New Jersey United States North and Central America Antineoplastics Cabazitaxel Therapy Docetaxel Therapy Drug Resistance Drugs and Therapies Genetics Health and Medicine Microtubule Proteins Mitotic Inhibitors Nerve Tissue Proteins Paclitaxel Therapy Pharmaceuticals Tubulin 656 656 1 09/04/23 20230908 NES 230908 2023 SEP 8 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Genomics & Genetics Weekly -- Investigators publish new report on Drugs and Therapies - Mitotic Inhibitors. For more information on this research see: Computational Analysis of Drug Resistance of Taxanes Bound To Human B-tubulin Mutant (D26e). [Extracted from the article]

Twenty signaling pathways were screened out, mainly pathways in cancer, proteoglycans in cancer pathway, microRNAs in cancer pathway, and so on. Keywords: Cancer; Genetics; Health and Medicine; Lung Cancer; Lung Diseases and Conditions; Lung Neoplasms; Oncology; Pharmaceuticals; Pharmacology EN Cancer Genetics Health and Medicine Lung Cancer Lung Diseases and Conditions Lung Neoplasms Oncology Pharmaceuticals Pharmacology 906 906 1 08/28/23 20230901 NES 230901 2023 AUG 29 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Drug Week -- Investigators discuss new findings in lung cancer. [Extracted from the article]

Keywords: Changchun; People's Republic of China; Asia; Medicinal and Aromatic Plants; Health and Medicine; Drugs and Therapies EN Changchun People's Republic of China Asia Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Health and Medicine Drugs and Therapies 2468 2468 1 06/19/23 20230623 NES 230623 2023 JUN 23 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Drug Week -- Current study results on Health and Medicine - Medicinal and Aromatic Plants have been published. Changchun, People's Republic of China, Asia, Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Health and Medicine, Drugs and Therapies. [Extracted from the article]

Based on this information, we engineered taxanes with modified C13 side chains, solved their crystal structures in complex with tubulin, and analyzed their effects on microtubules (X-ray fiber diffraction), along with those of paclitaxel, docetaxel, and baccatin III. Keywords: Antineoplastics; Cycloparaffins; Diterpenes; Drugs and Therapies; Health and Medicine; Hydrocarbons; Microtubule Proteins; Mitotic Inhibitors; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Organic Chemicals; Paclitaxel Therapy; Pharmaceuticals; Taxoids; Terpenes; Tubulin EN Antineoplastics Cycloparaffins Diterpenes Drugs and Therapies Health and Medicine Hydrocarbons Microtubule Proteins Mitotic Inhibitors Nerve Tissue Proteins Organic Chemicals Paclitaxel Therapy Pharmaceuticals Taxoids Terpenes Tubulin 1512 1512 1 04/10/23 20230414 NES 230414 2023 APR 14 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Drug Week -- Investigators publish new report on paclitaxel therapy. Antineoplastics, Cycloparaffins, Diterpenes, Drugs and Therapies, Health and Medicine, Hydrocarbons, Microtubule Proteins, Mitotic Inhibitors, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Organic Chemicals, Paclitaxel Therapy, Pharmaceuticals, Taxoids, Terpenes, Tubulin. [Extracted from the article]

Keywords: Cancer; Health and Medicine; Oncology; Therapy EN Cancer Health and Medicine Oncology Therapy 531 531 1 03/24/23 20230228 NES 230228 2023 FEB 28 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Cancer Weekly -- Data detailed on cancer have been presented. Therefore, the application of TTFields therapy concomitant with other cancer treatments may lead to enhanced efficacy, with low risk of further systemic toxicity.". [Extracted from the article]

Taxanes are a class of bioactive compounds isolated from the Taxus species. 10-Deacetylbaccatin III is one of the popular taxane compounds with antitumor activity, but the pharmacokinetic profile of this compound remains elusive. Previously, we prepared the taxane fractions from the twigs and leaves of Taxus chinensis var. mairei containing 20.4% 10-deacetylbaccatin III. This study aimed to investigate the pharmacokinetics of 10-deacetylbaccatin III and biodistribution, and explore the potential changes when it was administered in the form of taxane extracts. A simple, sensitive, and reliable liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated for the quantitative determination of 10-deacetylbaccatin III in biosamples. The results showed that 10-deacetylbaccatin III, after oral dosing, displayed a quick absorption into the blood and distribution into major organs. Oral administration of 10-deacetylbaccatin III in the form of taxane mixtures led to a 16-fold increase in the systemic exposure of pure 10-deacetylbaccatin III, with the AUC0-U in the plasma increasing from 25.75±11.34 to 231.36±70.12µg h/L (p < 0.0001). Moreover, the concentrations of 10-deacetylbaccatin III in major tissues were significantly enhanced when given in taxane extracts. These findings revealed pharmacokinetic interactions in the taxane components from T. chinensis var. mairei, which contributed to an enhanced systemic exposure of pharmacologically active taxanes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the three studies which examined the reliability of combining chemotherapy and immunotherapy. It offers details on the method of the studies, which involved the use of durvalumab together with anthracycline and taxane chemotherapy in triple-negative breast cancer, pembrolizumab in combination with chemotherapy in metastatic squamous non–small-cell lung cancer, and niraparib plus immunotherapy with pembrolizumab for platinum-resistant ovarian cancer.

The article provides information on the announcement made by ImmunoGen Inc. regarding the topline results of EMILIA, the first randomized Phase III study of trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1). The study involved HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer in patients previously treated with Herceptin (®) and a taxane chemotherapy. The study showed that people treated with trastuzumab emtansine lived significantly longer than those treated with lapatinib plus Xeloda (®).

Three new taxanes, 2α,9α,10β-triacetoxy-13α-(β-D-glucopyranosyloxy) taxa-4(20),11-dien-5α-ol (1), 5α,10β,13α-triacetoxytax- 11-ene-2α,7β,9α,20-tetraol (2), and 5α,10β,13β-triacetoxy-2α,7β- dihydroxy-2(3→20)abeotaxa-4(20),11-dien-9-one (3), were isolated from the leaves of the Japanese yew, Taxus cuspidata. Compound 1 is the first example of a taxanewith 13-glycosidic linkage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three new taxanes, 2α,9α,10β-triacetoxy-13α-(β-D-glucopyranosyloxy)taxa-4(20),11-dien-5α-ol (1), 5α,10β,13α-triacetoxytax-11-ene-2α,7β,9α,20-tetraol (2), and 5α,10β,13β-triacetoxy-2α,7β-dihydroxy-2(3 → 20)abeotaxa-4(20),11-dien-9-one (3), were isolated from the leaves of the Japanese yew, Taxus cuspidata. Compound 1 is the first example of a taxane with 13-glycosidic linkage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article provides information on the announcement made by ImmunoGen Inc. regarding the positive topline results from its trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) EMILIA Phase III trial. Trastuzumab emtansine consists of a potent cancer-killing agent DM1 attached to the HER2-targeting antibody trastuzumab. The trial was designed to evaluate DM1 for the treatment of HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer in patients treated with trastuzumab and a taxane previously.

Reports on the identification of taxanes as a treatment option for metastatic melanoma by researchers in Greece. Difficulty of managing patients with metastatic malignant melanoma; Variation of response rates from phase II trials with single-agent taxanes; Response rates of combinations of taxanes with DTIC, temozolomide, cisplatin, carboplatin and tamoxifen.

An abstract of the article "Clinical features of taxane neuropathy," by D. Kudlowitz and colleagues is presented.

An abstract of the article "Taxane associated subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus," by M. A. Marchetti and colleagues is presented.

The article reports that biochemist Ing Swie Goping of the University of Alberta is studying the cause of resistance to the chemotherapy drug taxane among breast cancer patients.