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World map by artist Tauba Auerbach, featuring an alternative projection: stereographic, from the perspective of Africa, which stretches around the peripheries. Shows an unusual rotation of the earth within its familiar frames. Made using custom software created for Auerbach by programmer Jason Davies. The tool allows one to rotate the earth in any direction and flatten it using a wide array of projections, producing unfamiliar but mathematically accurate models of the earth. In this application, the gaze is focused on the oceans and the Southern Hemisphere. The software was originally created to generate source material for a series of paintings and GIFs, as part of the exhibition Panthalassa at Standard (Oslo) in October 2020. Title, date, artist's initials and publisher included within the exterior border of the image, each on one of four sides. Offset print in black and fluorescent green on white paper. Map is 68 x 98 cm, on sheet 69 x 99 cm, folded to 13 x 35., Ninth in a series of ten unusual maps made using custom software created for artist Tauba Auerbach by programmer Jason Davies. For full series, see PLNs 14307.000 through 14316.000. All images and works copyright Diagonal Press. Posters available via the Diagonal Press website (see link in Pub Reference). Earnings from these posters will contribute to the Indigenous Language Institute, Critical Resistance and Indigenous Environmental Network., https://diagonalpress.com/collections

full color by country., Full color copy of the first atlas made in the United States to employ standard color on the maps; while the Carey 1795 American Atlas and the Carey 1811 General Atlas list color as an option on the title page, we have never seen any copies of a pre 1814 Carey atlas with original color - they may exist, but would be rare - color was first employed as standard in this 1814 edition - all copies that we have seen have been colored. The 1814 edition is almost entirely new, with most of the maps reengraved. The 1804 edition before this was essentially the same as the 1795 first edition. This 1815 edition changes two maps from the 1814 edition: North Carolina and the Russian Empire. The preface remains dated March 17th, 1814, the same as the 1814 edition preface. This 1815 edition should probably be called the 2.5 edition even though Carey does not label it as such, because Carey calls the 1818 edition the third edition and we call the 1814 edition the 2.0 edition. The Map of the United States is an updated copy of the U.S. map engraved by Henry Tanner that appeared in the first edition of Melish's Travels In the United States, published in 1812. A second Map of the United States of America by H.S. Tanner is tipped in after the standard U.S. map. It is from Tanner's 1812 College Atlas (see our 12139.009). Bound in quarter leather, brown paper covered boards. From Ruderman description: "An Extraordinary Full Original Color / Extra-Illustrated Example With An Important American Provenance The First Atlas in the United States With Standard Color on the Maps With Important Maps of the West (Including Texas) Beginning in 1814, Mathew Carey introduced several significant innovations to Carey's General Atlas. These included a new set of plates, replacing those in use since 1794-'96 in his American Atlas, General Atlas for Gutherie's Geography, and General Atlas. In addition, for the first time in America, Carey offered the atlas in original outline color, making it one of the earliest American color plate books and the first American Atlas to employ hand coloring. The present example, unlike the standard outline color, is offered here in full original wash color. This is only the second complete example of the atlas we have seen in full original color. In addition, the present example includes an extra map, A Map of the United States by H.S. Tanner, which was likely first issued in about 1822 or 1823 and intended to be folded into William Darby’s Universal Gazetteer, although the present example shows no signs of having been folded into another book. The present example bears an imprint date of 1815, which is also extremely rare. The maps in Carey's General Atlas represented a significant step forward in American cartographic content. Of particular note here is the map of the Missouri Territory, which incorporates recent information from Lewis & Clark (see below). Interestingly, this atlas was published 1814, the same year as the first edition of the official History of the Expedition under the Command of Captains Lewis and Clark (Philadelphia, 1814), with its famous and influential map of Western America. In fact, Matthew Carey had published Patrick Gass's journal, the first book length work stemming from the Lewis & Clark expedition, in 1810: Carey's interest in geography and exploration ran deep and helped shape both his own writing as well as the titles he published. Significant in Carey's connection to the Lewis and Clark Expedition was his publication of Thomas Jefferson's Notes on the State of Virginia (1794)... containing a "Map of Virginia" by Samuel Lewis...Carey also hired Samuel Lewis, a skilled cartographer who later redrew William Clark's map of the American West... - The Literature of the Lewis and Clark Expedition, page 98. Carey is also considered America's first commercial publisher. In the lower margin of the first page of Carey's Prefatory Remarks is printed: (Price Fifteen Dollars), a princely sum in 1814 for an atlas or any book! Rumsey (4577) says of the 1814 edition of Carey's General Atlas: The first atlas made in the United States to employ standard color on the maps; while the Carey 1795 American Atlas and the Carey 1811 General Atlas list color as an option on the title page, we have never seen any copies of a pre 1814 Carey atlas with original color - they may exist, but would be rare - color was first employed as standard in this 1814 edition - all copies that we have seen have been colored. This edition is almost entirely new, with most of the maps reengraved. The 1804 edition before this was essentially the same as the 1795 first edition. The preface is dated March 17th, 1814. This edition should probably be called the second edition even though Carey does not label it as such, because Carey calls the 1818 edition the third edition. The Map of the United States is an updated copy of the U.S. map engraved by Henry Tanner that appeared in the first edition of Melish's Travels In the United States, published in 1812. This issue is late 1814. See our early 1814 for differences. Bound in quarter leather, brown paper covered boards. Likely Used by Fur Traders This 1814 Carey's General Atlas is among the small group of maps and atlases that Alson J. Smith has suggested were likely used by the fur traders and mountain men in their early western explorations in the West during the 1820s: Other maps of the day which the young partners [i.e. General Ashley, Jedidiah Smith, David Jackson, and William L. Sublette] may have had spread out before them on a rude table in a tent (Jedidiah Smith usually carried one) or an Indian lodge, with the drunken revelry of the rendezvous sounding about them, were M. Carey's General Atlas, Philadelphia, 1814 - Alson J. Smith, Men Against the Mountains, page 46. Samuel Lewis's map of Missouri Territory Formerly Louisiana - Freshly Influenced by Lewis and Clark: Lewis and Clark influence is apparent on the Upper Missouri and also along the Columbia. Missouri Territory extends west to the Pacific Coast, its probable northern and southern boundaries being shown by colored dotted lines. The northern line runs easterly from Mr. Rainier and includes most of the Columbia watershed, thence north of the Missouri drainage and including that of the Assiniboin (with its large lake), thence east to Lake of the Woods and south to the head of the Mississippi, which then forms the eastern boundary. The southern line leaves the coast just north of F. S. Francisco (whose Bay is not shown), thence easterly and slightly north of the headwaters of the Rio Grande, following south along the ridge east of that stream, southeast to the head of the Colorado (of Texas) and down that stream to the Gulf of Mexico at St. Bernardo B. The State of Louisiana (admitted 1812) appears near the north of the Mississippi - Wheat, Mapping the Transmississippi West 315. Mexico or New Spain (including Texas) Matthew Carey's double-page engraved map of Mexico includes Texas and New Mexico, and it is among the first regional maps of the Southwest and Mexico to be published in an American atlas. Published in the midst of Mexico's War of Independence (1809-1821), the map appears at a fascinating time in Mexico's history. Of note is that vast portion of Northern Texas, which is left blank, extending nearly to the Rio Grande River. As described below, this is almost certainly a direct result of the then raging political question over whether the United States had acquired Texas as part of the Louisiana Purchase (discussed below), in addition to the paucity of information available to mapmakers for a region which is here so conspicuously blank. Carey's map reflects the information from Alexander von Humboldt's seminal map of Mexico but pre-dates Pike's explorations. The map extends north to show Lake Timpanogos and covers most of Colorado and New Mexico, as well as providing details in Texas, including the naming of Bejax, Cibola, Provincia, S Josef, Nuestra Sra del Rosario, Galveston Bay, and the name Texas itself. The details along the Rio Grande and in Southern Arizona is also excellent. Historical Context of Carey's Mexico Map Carey's map was produced at time when the question of ownership of what would become Texas and New Mexico were still very much in dispute. In 1803 the United States acquired Louisiana from Napoleon Bonaparte, with the understanding that the purchase covered all territory ceded by France to Spain in 1762 and then back to France in 1800. As the line between France and Spain in the New World had never been clearly established, Thomas Jefferson's administration seized the opportunity to make the most of its claim to a vast, uninhibited, and largely unexplored land. Jefferson's vision is clearly reflected in the exploratory expeditions commissioned in the years immediately following the Louisiana Purchase. Within a few years of the purchase, Jefferson had authorized 4 expeditions to explore the newly acquired Territory. While the Lewis & Clark Expedition focused on the Northwestern portions the United States, the remaining 3 expeditions, The Dunbar Expedition (1804-1805), the Pike Expedition (1806-1807), and Red River (or Freeman-Custis) Expedition (1806) were all focused on lands that were the subject of competing Spanish claims, provoking diplomatic incidents as a result of American incursions into the disputed territory. While Jefferson's agents were busy testing the elastic boundaries of the Louisiana Purchase, the Spaniards were not idle. Wary of their new neighbor and fearful for their vulnerable possessions in Texas and New Mexico, Spanish officials in New Orleans and beyond hastened to establish their line of demarcation. The matter became even more complex when in December of 1803, the French Prefect of Louisiana, Pierre Clement de Laussat, declared that the western boundary of the Louisiana Purchase lay at the Rio Grande. In 1806, a military agreement was entered into between General James Wilkinson of the United States Army and General Simon Herrera of the Spanish forces, making the country between the Arroyo Hondo and the Sabine River temporarily neutral ground, over which neither the United States nor Spain should exercise political jurisdiction. The agreement was generally observed by both countries; the United States took possession of territory as far west as Natchitoches, while Spain maintained a small garrison at its eastern outpost, Nacogdoches. President Jefferson was convinced as early as 1804 that the territory included in the Louisiana Purchase extended to the Rio Grande. His insistence upon this and his efforts to promote the exploration of the western territory (to some of which Spain claimed unquestionable right), and the border dispute in the Sabine-Red River region, temporarily settled by the Wilkinson-Herrera agreement, brought the United States and Spain near to hostilities. Following a royal order issued in May 1805, Jose de Iturrigaray, the viceroy of New Spain, in January 1806, named Fray Melchior de Talamantes chief of an historical commission created to ascertain from all available sources the true boundaries of the provinces of Texas and Louisiana, before the latter was ceded to Spain in 1762. However, the arrest and deposition of Iturrigaray and the subsequent arrest of Talamantes for his separatist views by the Audiencia of Mexico in September 1808, interrupted the work of this commission. The following month, the Viceroy ad interim, Pedro de Garibay, appointed Fray Doctor Jose Antonio Pichardo (1748-1812), of the congregation of the Oratory of San Felipe Neri, to determine the historic limits of Louisiana and Texas. Over the next four years, Pichardo compiled a monumental defense of Spain's traditional Louisiana boundary with France. Pichardo's treatise was constructed as an argumentative historical treatise, intended to survey and describe "the true limits of the provinces of Louisiana and Texas." The purpose of the Treatise was to respond to and to disprove the claim of the United States that Texas was included in the Louisiana Purchase of 1803. To augment his final report, Father Pichardo then created an elaborate new map, using only the most trustworthy sources--primarily the maps of Jean Baptiste Bourguignon d'Anville, a celebrated French geographer whom he regarded very highly, which he augmented with manuscript maps in the Spanish archives. Finally, the Adams-Onis Treaty of 1819 resolved the land ownership dispute by conceding the validity of Spain's Claims to Texas and the lands east of the Rio Grande, in exchange for Spain's abandonment of its historical claims to Oregon and Florida. North America According to Wheat the North America map is based on much earlier work (compared to the aforementioned Missouri Territory map); he points to its many striking geographic affinities to the North America maps by Tanner (1812) and Lucas (1812). The map includes nice pre-Lewis & Clark information in the Transmississippi West. The "Columbia or River of the West" flows to the R. Oregan, a vestige from the first half of the 18th Century, with a short portage over to a tributary of the Upper Mississippi River. A wide open, convenient passage through the Rocky Mountains accommodates this unusual feature. Apacheria is shown, along with the Pimas, Yuma and other Indian Tribes. On the West Coast, most of the major California harbors are shown, including San Pedro. The Rocky Mountains are still largely unknown south of the Canadian Border. A number of Indian Tribes located. The Northwest Coast reflects the recent discoveries of Vancouver and La Perouse. Decorative swash letter title. Illustrates the still naïve engraving style of American mapmakers in the early 19th Century. One of the most interesting atlas maps of North America from this period. Early American Map Showing Capt. Cook's Discoveries in the Pacific Carey's map of Cook's Discoveries in the Pacific and Hearn's discoveries west of the Hudson, in search of the Arctic Sea, represents one of the earliest appearances of Cook in a map published in America. Excellent conjectural NW Coast of America, predating Vancouver's voyage. Sandwich Islands are shown. Cook's route in each of the years is shown, as is Hearn's trek to the Arctic Sea. Summary In sum, a cornerstone American atlas issued at a critical moment in western borderlands history, by America's first commercial publisher. Provenance: Dr. Thomas Chalkey James (1766 - 1835) The atlas is from the original contents of Dawesfield, Lewis Lane, Ambler, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania - an iconic American farmhouse built by Abraham Dawes and by descent through generations of the female line. It served as the Revolutionary Headquarters of General George Washington from 20th October until 2nd November, 1777. The book is from the personal library of Dr. Thomas Chalkey James (1766 - 1835) (signature on front pastedown) who was married to Hannah née Morris. Dr James was a Philadelphia physician and joined the staff of Pennsylvania hospital. In 1810 he was elected professor of midwifery at the University of Pennsylvania. Dr James was a member of the American Philosophical Society, the librarian of the College of Physicians and a founder of the Historical Society of Pennsylvania. Adams, April 1, 2024 (including approximately 80 lots from Dawesfield House, of which 28 lots were from the Library of Thomas Chalkey James. Rarity The 1815 edition is extremely rare. ", P722, 1372.

Manuscript map representing Africa. Shows select regions, cities, mountain ranges, deserts, drainage, coastlines, and islands. Relief shown with shading. Ink, pencil, and watercolor on paper. Map is 22 x 28 cm, on sheet 24 x 31 cm. (Page number written as “43” for page 44 in volume.), Atlas elémentaire by Auguste Logerot. Published in Ivry-sur-Seine, France, 1857. Bound in board, covered in marbled papers. With leather spine. Folio: 49 pages (with pages 32-34, 47 blank.) Includes a handwritten title page. Manuscript school atlas of the world. Comprised of 44 maps drawn by a student. Maps shows select regions, cities, mountain ranges, deserts, drainage, coastlines, and islands. Focusing initially on rivers, watersheds, and notable geography in Europe, the atlas moves on to the rest of the world, including Asia, Africa, North America, South America and Oceania. Text in French. The atlas was created by French cartographer and publisher Auguste Logerot during his time at boarding school in Ivry-sur-Seine, France. Logerot’s professional career took place in Paris during the mid-19th century, where he created and published maps, including jigsaw puzzles. Within this atlas is a map of the Middle Rhine, signed “L. Lourdelet”, presumably a schoolmate.

Manuscript map representing Africa. Shows select regions, mountain ranges, deserts, coastlines, and islands. Ink, pencil, and watercolor on paper. Map is 22 x 27 cm, on sheet 24 x 31 cm. (Page number written as “43” for page 42 in volume.), Atlas elémentaire by Auguste Logerot. Published in Ivry-sur-Seine, France, 1857. Bound in board, covered in marbled papers. With leather spine. Folio: 49 pages (with pages 32-34, 47 blank.) Includes a handwritten title page. Manuscript school atlas of the world. Comprised of 44 maps drawn by a student. Maps shows select regions, cities, mountain ranges, deserts, drainage, coastlines, and islands. Focusing initially on rivers, watersheds, and notable geography in Europe, the atlas moves on to the rest of the world, including Asia, Africa, North America, South America and Oceania. Text in French. The atlas was created by French cartographer and publisher Auguste Logerot during his time at boarding school in Ivry-sur-Seine, France. Logerot’s professional career took place in Paris during the mid-19th century, where he created and published maps, including jigsaw puzzles. Within this atlas is a map of the Middle Rhine, signed “L. Lourdelet”, presumably a schoolmate.

Hand color map. Shows boundaries, roads, rivers and mountains. Relief shown by hachures. Prime meridian: Paris., New edition of the classic and universal atlas of ancient and modern geography. Edited and published by J. Andriveau-Goujon in 1863. Adopted by the Minister of War for regimental libraries. Containing 50 plates, 49 hand double page or folding maps, dated 1854-1863, and 1 plate includes Flags of the nations. Some maps on 2 or more plates. Maps showing the most recent exploration, discoveries, and historical work on geography, political and administrative boundaries, major cities, villages, forts, coastal cities, canals, rivers and mountains. Includes descriptive text. In and mountains. Relief shown by hachures and pictorially. Plate 21 has been repeated (21 & 21A) bound after plate 22. Atlas contains descriptive text and index. Handwritten label in pencil indicating the title. Bound in quarter leather brown marbled paper covered boards with a green paper label reading "Atlas classique & universel de geographie ancienne et moderne. Publie par J. Andriveau-Goujon." The spine is embossed with "Andriveau. Atlas universel" in gilt.

1 hand color map on 2 sheets. Eastern part. Inset: Carte d'ensemble des rapports entre la France l'Algerie, la Senegambie et le Nord de l'Afrique. Shows boundaries, major cities, roads, railways, forts, etc. Relief shown by hachures. Includes color coded reference to European colonies in North Africa, legend and text., New edition of the classic and universal atlas of ancient and modern geography. Edited and published by J. Andriveau-Goujon in 1863. Adopted by the Minister of War for regimental libraries. Containing 50 plates, 49 hand double page or folding maps, dated 1854-1863, and 1 plate includes Flags of the nations. Some maps on 2 or more plates. Maps showing the most recent exploration, discoveries, and historical work on geography, political and administrative boundaries, major cities, villages, forts, coastal cities, canals, rivers and mountains. Includes descriptive text. In and mountains. Relief shown by hachures and pictorially. Plate 21 has been repeated (21 & 21A) bound after plate 22. Atlas contains descriptive text and index. Handwritten label in pencil indicating the title. Bound in quarter leather brown marbled paper covered boards with a green paper label reading "Atlas classique & universel de geographie ancienne et moderne. Publie par J. Andriveau-Goujon." The spine is embossed with "Andriveau. Atlas universel" in gilt.

1 hand color map on 2 sheets. Western part. Inset: Carte d'ensemble des rapports entre la France l'Algerie, la Senegambie et le Nord de l'Afrique. Shows boundaries, major cities, roads, railways, forts, etc. Relief shown by hachures. Includes color coded reference to European colonies in North Africa, legend and text., New edition of the classic and universal atlas of ancient and modern geography. Edited and published by J. Andriveau-Goujon in 1863. Adopted by the Minister of War for regimental libraries. Containing 50 plates, 49 hand double page or folding maps, dated 1854-1863, and 1 plate includes Flags of the nations. Some maps on 2 or more plates. Maps showing the most recent exploration, discoveries, and historical work on geography, political and administrative boundaries, major cities, villages, forts, coastal cities, canals, rivers and mountains. Includes descriptive text. In and mountains. Relief shown by hachures and pictorially. Plate 21 has been repeated (21 & 21A) bound after plate 22. Atlas contains descriptive text and index. Handwritten label in pencil indicating the title. Bound in quarter leather brown marbled paper covered boards with a green paper label reading "Atlas classique & universel de geographie ancienne et moderne. Publie par J. Andriveau-Goujon." The spine is embossed with "Andriveau. Atlas universel" in gilt.

Composite map of sheets 43-44: Algerie., New edition of the classic and universal atlas of ancient and modern geography. Edited and published by J. Andriveau-Goujon in 1863. Adopted by the Minister of War for regimental libraries. Containing 50 plates, 49 hand double page or folding maps, dated 1854-1863, and 1 plate includes Flags of the nations. Some maps on 2 or more plates. Maps showing the most recent exploration, discoveries, and historical work on geography, political and administrative boundaries, major cities, villages, forts, coastal cities, canals, rivers and mountains. Includes descriptive text. In and mountains. Relief shown by hachures and pictorially. Plate 21 has been repeated (21 & 21A) bound after plate 22. Atlas contains descriptive text and index. Handwritten label in pencil indicating the title. Bound in quarter leather brown marbled paper covered boards with a green paper label reading "Atlas classique & universel de geographie ancienne et moderne. Publie par J. Andriveau-Goujon." The spine is embossed with "Andriveau. Atlas universel" in gilt.

Hand color map. Relief shown by hachures. Includes color coded reference to European colonies., New edition of the classic and universal atlas of ancient and modern geography. Edited and published by J. Andriveau-Goujon in 1863. Adopted by the Minister of War for regimental libraries. Containing 50 plates, 49 hand double page or folding maps, dated 1854-1863, and 1 plate includes Flags of the nations. Some maps on 2 or more plates. Maps showing the most recent exploration, discoveries, and historical work on geography, political and administrative boundaries, major cities, villages, forts, coastal cities, canals, rivers and mountains. Includes descriptive text. In and mountains. Relief shown by hachures and pictorially. Plate 21 has been repeated (21 & 21A) bound after plate 22. Atlas contains descriptive text and index. Handwritten label in pencil indicating the title. Bound in quarter leather brown marbled paper covered boards with a green paper label reading "Atlas classique & universel de geographie ancienne et moderne. Publie par J. Andriveau-Goujon." The spine is embossed with "Andriveau. Atlas universel" in gilt.

"This is an extraordinary privately assembled encyclopaedia, focused on Mecca as the Navel of the World. Written in manuscript in thin black and red pens in Ottoman language, it contains over 580 pages of manuscript in tiny characters, sometimes accompanied with charts, over 380 manuscript maps, made with extreme care in precision in colours and with gold and silver highlights, over 225 prints from magazines, books, atlases and other sources from the late 19th and early 20th centuries, often joined in collages and compositions with hand-drawn maps. The maps are made with a greatest precision in well planned configuration. The colours are carefully applied to give an instant effect of a modern data visualisation. The gilt highlights and small details in black ink express the author’s endless patience and dedication to the project. The manuscripts, maps and illustrations are tastefully and carefully joined together thematically in foldouts and pamphlets, bound together with linen or paper stripes or strings. Shorter subjects and uncut plates also appear as separate leaves. We could count 217 such separate units. The whole collection is housed in three charming boxes, possibly made by the author from commercial boxes and leftovers of the linen, which he used for drawings of some of the maps. The anonymous author, doubtless a Muslim intellectual, took the information from the contemporary sources and atlases and smartly combined them in his own unique compositions. He also often added his own annotations, colouring and keys to the prints, which he took from the books and magazines. The manuscripts give an impression of a coherent collection, which was probably never meant for a publication. It was possibly an author private project, to which he dedicated years or decades of his life. It is possible that the collection was meant for a private education. Focus on Mecca The maps with geographic, historic and thematic data focus on the Arabian Peninsula with Mecca as a center. Throughout the series the city is often smartly positioned in the middle of the folds, to give the impression, that the world and around it opens like a flower. In the collection we could trace approximately 23 maps, where Mecca is represented in the central point of the world, 24 maps showcasing only the Arabian Peninsula or parts of it or / and the Red Sea, circa 25 maps of Mecca or/and its surroundings and sketches of the Kaaba and 11 views and prints of Mecca. The latter ones have been taken from other publications and integrated into the encyclopaedia by the author. Medina is represented with two manuscript maps and 8 views. The views here are as well taken from other publications. Separate pamphlets also focus on the history of the Arabian Peninsula and the history of its inhabitants with a chart on the tribes of Arabia. With this work the author geographically represented Mecca as the central point, a navel of the global culture and history from the ancient times up to the present days. Other Subjects The pamphlets and fold-outs are bound together thematically and represent the cultures, history and geography of the World from its beginnings until the early 20th century. The manuscript units with maps, charts and illustrations describe subjects such as geology, time through the Ottoman time charts, astronomy and astrology, ancient cultures and monuments (Babylon, Mesopotamia, Ancient Greece, Baalbek etc.), old geographic representations, such as Tabula Peutingeriana and parts of Fra Mauro’s map, America on old maps, discoveries on America and later discoveries and explorations, thematic maps of the world and parts of the world etc. A large portion of the maps is dedicated to the Mediterranean Basement (ca 152 maps) and the Balkans, with the large Ottoman battles. The other maps focus on Asia, America (ca 5 maps of North America, 2 maps of Central America), other continents and the whole world (27 maps of the world). The author seems unattached an ambivalent to Istanbul and Turkey, as the region is almost neglected in the manuscripts, which is the opposite of the contemporary glorification of the newly founded Turkey and the magnificent history of Istanbul. Also hardly represented are the African regions, including the Muslim ones. It is possible, that the author spent most of his life on the Arabian Peninsula and was not attached to the cultural and political center Istanbul. Authorship and Date The author of the work is not signed, neither are the maps dated. According to the attached note, the collection was allegedly connected with the family of the Turkish writer Ahmed Cemil Akıncı (1914-1984). His father and a possible author, Abdürrahim Hilmi Bey (Sipahizâde) was of Sipahi origins from Rumelia and was educated at the Fatih Madrasa in Istanbul. Hilmi Bey was in charge for the railway and education in Egypt, Palestine, Syria and Hejaz, where he spent a large part of his life. This would explain the author’s unattachment to Istanbul and Turkey. The paper, style and material of the boxes indicate the late 1910s and 1920s. Some of the maps confirm this period of time: a series of thematic world maps (possibly drafted after a contemporary Ottoman atlas) showcase the world in 1915 (1331 Rumi years). An illustration from a magazine, representing a map A Child’s Map of the Ancient World, by Alice York and Ilonka Karasz, was published in 1926. It is the youngest dated document, which we could trace in the collection. References: Unrecorded. [S. l., s. d. Possibly Ottoman Empire / Turkey, late 1910s-1920s]. A magnificent hand-written privately assembled encyclopaedia of the World, affectionately assembled and curated by an enlightened Muslim scholar in the last years of the Ottoman Empire, with over 580 text pages and 380 hand drawn detailed maps with gilt highlights, represents Mecca as the Navel of the World and the connecting point between the ancient civilisations and culture and the modern East and West. Collation: 3 red privately custom-made boxes, constructed of thick card with red linen surface with debossed lettering and decoration, patterned paper mounted inside, each with a black cloth loop with a knot, edges originally reinforced with linen, some linen parts with details of manuscript maps, 9 x 14 x 20 cm (3.5 x 5.5 x 7.8 inches). The boxes contain: - 217 separate units of fold-outs (leporellos), pamphlets and maps composed of sheets of paper, privately joined with straps of linen, sporadically also with stripes of paper or bound together with a sting. Most units with 4-8 pp., but also single sheet units and pamphlets with up to 16 pp. manuscript text. Most of the text accompanied with manuscript maps, mostly mounted verso. Some manuscript maps on loose linen waxed paper. Also includes sporadic single prints from books and magazines and postcards, not edited by the author. - The 217 units include: - - Over 580 manuscript text pages, some with charts in text, plus additional text comments and keys. Black and red ink on paper of various quality and thick card, each 18 x 11,5 cm (7 x 4.5 inches) when folded. - - More than 380 manuscript maps, including multiple maps on one sheet and folding maps. The maps are mostly mounted or drawn on cards on the inner side of the fold-outs and pamphlets, on the back of the text sheets. Some manuscript maps on loose waxed linen paper sheets. Most of the maps are ornated with gilt highlights. Black, purple and red ink and water colours on paper and linen paper, from 18 x 11,5 cm to 18 x 44 cm (7 x 4.5 inches to 7 x 17.3 inches), mostly mounted on the back of text pages, but also loose sheets. - - More than 225 prints, mostly mounted in compositions with maps, pictorial panels and more than 35 collages. The prints of various, mostly small sizes include maps, lithographs, chromolithographs, steel engravings, wood-cuts, postcards (cut and uncut), photo-reproductions, illustrations from books and magazines etc. Some prints (mostly illustrations from books and postcards) are added as unedited and uncut sheets. The prints have been taken from mostly Ottoman, but also German, French and English publications. Various techniques, some with manuscript annotations in black ink or with hand colour. - Additional unsorted sheets of manuscript and illustrations. Condition report: Boxes with some staining and minor wear on the edges, manuscripts and maps overall in a good clean condition with minor staining, foxing and wear. Sporadic maps and manuscripts are left unfinished." (Alexander Johnson and Dasa Pahor, 2020)

"This is an extraordinary privately assembled encyclopaedia, focused on Mecca as the Navel of the World. Written in manuscript in thin black and red pens in Ottoman language, it contains over 580 pages of manuscript in tiny characters, sometimes accompanied with charts, over 380 manuscript maps, made with extreme care in precision in colours and with gold and silver highlights, over 225 prints from magazines, books, atlases and other sources from the late 19th and early 20th centuries, often joined in collages and compositions with hand-drawn maps. The maps are made with a greatest precision in well planned configuration. The colours are carefully applied to give an instant effect of a modern data visualisation. The gilt highlights and small details in black ink express the author’s endless patience and dedication to the project. The manuscripts, maps and illustrations are tastefully and carefully joined together thematically in foldouts and pamphlets, bound together with linen or paper stripes or strings. Shorter subjects and uncut plates also appear as separate leaves. We could count 217 such separate units. The whole collection is housed in three charming boxes, possibly made by the author from commercial boxes and leftovers of the linen, which he used for drawings of some of the maps. The anonymous author, doubtless a Muslim intellectual, took the information from the contemporary sources and atlases and smartly combined them in his own unique compositions. He also often added his own annotations, colouring and keys to the prints, which he took from the books and magazines. The manuscripts give an impression of a coherent collection, which was probably never meant for a publication. It was possibly an author private project, to which he dedicated years or decades of his life. It is possible that the collection was meant for a private education. Focus on Mecca The maps with geographic, historic and thematic data focus on the Arabian Peninsula with Mecca as a center. Throughout the series the city is often smartly positioned in the middle of the folds, to give the impression, that the world and around it opens like a flower. In the collection we could trace approximately 23 maps, where Mecca is represented in the central point of the world, 24 maps showcasing only the Arabian Peninsula or parts of it or / and the Red Sea, circa 25 maps of Mecca or/and its surroundings and sketches of the Kaaba and 11 views and prints of Mecca. The latter ones have been taken from other publications and integrated into the encyclopaedia by the author. Medina is represented with two manuscript maps and 8 views. The views here are as well taken from other publications. Separate pamphlets also focus on the history of the Arabian Peninsula and the history of its inhabitants with a chart on the tribes of Arabia. With this work the author geographically represented Mecca as the central point, a navel of the global culture and history from the ancient times up to the present days. Other Subjects The pamphlets and fold-outs are bound together thematically and represent the cultures, history and geography of the World from its beginnings until the early 20th century. The manuscript units with maps, charts and illustrations describe subjects such as geology, time through the Ottoman time charts, astronomy and astrology, ancient cultures and monuments (Babylon, Mesopotamia, Ancient Greece, Baalbek etc.), old geographic representations, such as Tabula Peutingeriana and parts of Fra Mauro’s map, America on old maps, discoveries on America and later discoveries and explorations, thematic maps of the world and parts of the world etc. A large portion of the maps is dedicated to the Mediterranean Basement (ca 152 maps) and the Balkans, with the large Ottoman battles. The other maps focus on Asia, America (ca 5 maps of North America, 2 maps of Central America), other continents and the whole world (27 maps of the world). The author seems unattached an ambivalent to Istanbul and Turkey, as the region is almost neglected in the manuscripts, which is the opposite of the contemporary glorification of the newly founded Turkey and the magnificent history of Istanbul. Also hardly represented are the African regions, including the Muslim ones. It is possible, that the author spent most of his life on the Arabian Peninsula and was not attached to the cultural and political center Istanbul. Authorship and Date The author of the work is not signed, neither are the maps dated. According to the attached note, the collection was allegedly connected with the family of the Turkish writer Ahmed Cemil Akıncı (1914-1984). His father and a possible author, Abdürrahim Hilmi Bey (Sipahizâde) was of Sipahi origins from Rumelia and was educated at the Fatih Madrasa in Istanbul. Hilmi Bey was in charge for the railway and education in Egypt, Palestine, Syria and Hejaz, where he spent a large part of his life. This would explain the author’s unattachment to Istanbul and Turkey. The paper, style and material of the boxes indicate the late 1910s and 1920s. Some of the maps confirm this period of time: a series of thematic world maps (possibly drafted after a contemporary Ottoman atlas) showcase the world in 1915 (1331 Rumi years). An illustration from a magazine, representing a map A Child’s Map of the Ancient World, by Alice York and Ilonka Karasz, was published in 1926. It is the youngest dated document, which we could trace in the collection. References: Unrecorded. [S. l., s. d. Possibly Ottoman Empire / Turkey, late 1910s-1920s]. A magnificent hand-written privately assembled encyclopaedia of the World, affectionately assembled and curated by an enlightened Muslim scholar in the last years of the Ottoman Empire, with over 580 text pages and 380 hand drawn detailed maps with gilt highlights, represents Mecca as the Navel of the World and the connecting point between the ancient civilisations and culture and the modern East and West. Collation: 3 red privately custom-made boxes, constructed of thick card with red linen surface with debossed lettering and decoration, patterned paper mounted inside, each with a black cloth loop with a knot, edges originally reinforced with linen, some linen parts with details of manuscript maps, 9 x 14 x 20 cm (3.5 x 5.5 x 7.8 inches). The boxes contain: - 217 separate units of fold-outs (leporellos), pamphlets and maps composed of sheets of paper, privately joined with straps of linen, sporadically also with stripes of paper or bound together with a sting. Most units with 4-8 pp., but also single sheet units and pamphlets with up to 16 pp. manuscript text. Most of the text accompanied with manuscript maps, mostly mounted verso. Some manuscript maps on loose linen waxed paper. Also includes sporadic single prints from books and magazines and postcards, not edited by the author. - The 217 units include: - - Over 580 manuscript text pages, some with charts in text, plus additional text comments and keys. Black and red ink on paper of various quality and thick card, each 18 x 11,5 cm (7 x 4.5 inches) when folded. - - More than 380 manuscript maps, including multiple maps on one sheet and folding maps. The maps are mostly mounted or drawn on cards on the inner side of the fold-outs and pamphlets, on the back of the text sheets. Some manuscript maps on loose waxed linen paper sheets. Most of the maps are ornated with gilt highlights. Black, purple and red ink and water colours on paper and linen paper, from 18 x 11,5 cm to 18 x 44 cm (7 x 4.5 inches to 7 x 17.3 inches), mostly mounted on the back of text pages, but also loose sheets. - - More than 225 prints, mostly mounted in compositions with maps, pictorial panels and more than 35 collages. The prints of various, mostly small sizes include maps, lithographs, chromolithographs, steel engravings, wood-cuts, postcards (cut and uncut), photo-reproductions, illustrations from books and magazines etc. Some prints (mostly illustrations from books and postcards) are added as unedited and uncut sheets. The prints have been taken from mostly Ottoman, but also German, French and English publications. Various techniques, some with manuscript annotations in black ink or with hand colour. - Additional unsorted sheets of manuscript and illustrations. Condition report: Boxes with some staining and minor wear on the edges, manuscripts and maps overall in a good clean condition with minor staining, foxing and wear. Sporadic maps and manuscripts are left unfinished." (Alexander Johnson and Dasa Pahor, 2020)

"This is an extraordinary privately assembled encyclopaedia, focused on Mecca as the Navel of the World. Written in manuscript in thin black and red pens in Ottoman language, it contains over 580 pages of manuscript in tiny characters, sometimes accompanied with charts, over 380 manuscript maps, made with extreme care in precision in colours and with gold and silver highlights, over 225 prints from magazines, books, atlases and other sources from the late 19th and early 20th centuries, often joined in collages and compositions with hand-drawn maps. The maps are made with a greatest precision in well planned configuration. The colours are carefully applied to give an instant effect of a modern data visualisation. The gilt highlights and small details in black ink express the author’s endless patience and dedication to the project. The manuscripts, maps and illustrations are tastefully and carefully joined together thematically in foldouts and pamphlets, bound together with linen or paper stripes or strings. Shorter subjects and uncut plates also appear as separate leaves. We could count 217 such separate units. The whole collection is housed in three charming boxes, possibly made by the author from commercial boxes and leftovers of the linen, which he used for drawings of some of the maps. The anonymous author, doubtless a Muslim intellectual, took the information from the contemporary sources and atlases and smartly combined them in his own unique compositions. He also often added his own annotations, colouring and keys to the prints, which he took from the books and magazines. The manuscripts give an impression of a coherent collection, which was probably never meant for a publication. It was possibly an author private project, to which he dedicated years or decades of his life. It is possible that the collection was meant for a private education. Focus on Mecca The maps with geographic, historic and thematic data focus on the Arabian Peninsula with Mecca as a center. Throughout the series the city is often smartly positioned in the middle of the folds, to give the impression, that the world and around it opens like a flower. In the collection we could trace approximately 23 maps, where Mecca is represented in the central point of the world, 24 maps showcasing only the Arabian Peninsula or parts of it or / and the Red Sea, circa 25 maps of Mecca or/and its surroundings and sketches of the Kaaba and 11 views and prints of Mecca. The latter ones have been taken from other publications and integrated into the encyclopaedia by the author. Medina is represented with two manuscript maps and 8 views. The views here are as well taken from other publications. Separate pamphlets also focus on the history of the Arabian Peninsula and the history of its inhabitants with a chart on the tribes of Arabia. With this work the author geographically represented Mecca as the central point, a navel of the global culture and history from the ancient times up to the present days. Other Subjects The pamphlets and fold-outs are bound together thematically and represent the cultures, history and geography of the World from its beginnings until the early 20th century. The manuscript units with maps, charts and illustrations describe subjects such as geology, time through the Ottoman time charts, astronomy and astrology, ancient cultures and monuments (Babylon, Mesopotamia, Ancient Greece, Baalbek etc.), old geographic representations, such as Tabula Peutingeriana and parts of Fra Mauro’s map, America on old maps, discoveries on America and later discoveries and explorations, thematic maps of the world and parts of the world etc. A large portion of the maps is dedicated to the Mediterranean Basement (ca 152 maps) and the Balkans, with the large Ottoman battles. The other maps focus on Asia, America (ca 5 maps of North America, 2 maps of Central America), other continents and the whole world (27 maps of the world). The author seems unattached an ambivalent to Istanbul and Turkey, as the region is almost neglected in the manuscripts, which is the opposite of the contemporary glorification of the newly founded Turkey and the magnificent history of Istanbul. Also hardly represented are the African regions, including the Muslim ones. It is possible, that the author spent most of his life on the Arabian Peninsula and was not attached to the cultural and political center Istanbul. Authorship and Date The author of the work is not signed, neither are the maps dated. According to the attached note, the collection was allegedly connected with the family of the Turkish writer Ahmed Cemil Akıncı (1914-1984). His father and a possible author, Abdürrahim Hilmi Bey (Sipahizâde) was of Sipahi origins from Rumelia and was educated at the Fatih Madrasa in Istanbul. Hilmi Bey was in charge for the railway and education in Egypt, Palestine, Syria and Hejaz, where he spent a large part of his life. This would explain the author’s unattachment to Istanbul and Turkey. The paper, style and material of the boxes indicate the late 1910s and 1920s. Some of the maps confirm this period of time: a series of thematic world maps (possibly drafted after a contemporary Ottoman atlas) showcase the world in 1915 (1331 Rumi years). An illustration from a magazine, representing a map A Child’s Map of the Ancient World, by Alice York and Ilonka Karasz, was published in 1926. It is the youngest dated document, which we could trace in the collection. References: Unrecorded. [S. l., s. d. Possibly Ottoman Empire / Turkey, late 1910s-1920s]. A magnificent hand-written privately assembled encyclopaedia of the World, affectionately assembled and curated by an enlightened Muslim scholar in the last years of the Ottoman Empire, with over 580 text pages and 380 hand drawn detailed maps with gilt highlights, represents Mecca as the Navel of the World and the connecting point between the ancient civilisations and culture and the modern East and West. Collation: 3 red privately custom-made boxes, constructed of thick card with red linen surface with debossed lettering and decoration, patterned paper mounted inside, each with a black cloth loop with a knot, edges originally reinforced with linen, some linen parts with details of manuscript maps, 9 x 14 x 20 cm (3.5 x 5.5 x 7.8 inches). The boxes contain: - 217 separate units of fold-outs (leporellos), pamphlets and maps composed of sheets of paper, privately joined with straps of linen, sporadically also with stripes of paper or bound together with a sting. Most units with 4-8 pp., but also single sheet units and pamphlets with up to 16 pp. manuscript text. Most of the text accompanied with manuscript maps, mostly mounted verso. Some manuscript maps on loose linen waxed paper. Also includes sporadic single prints from books and magazines and postcards, not edited by the author. - The 217 units include: - - Over 580 manuscript text pages, some with charts in text, plus additional text comments and keys. Black and red ink on paper of various quality and thick card, each 18 x 11,5 cm (7 x 4.5 inches) when folded. - - More than 380 manuscript maps, including multiple maps on one sheet and folding maps. The maps are mostly mounted or drawn on cards on the inner side of the fold-outs and pamphlets, on the back of the text sheets. Some manuscript maps on loose waxed linen paper sheets. Most of the maps are ornated with gilt highlights. Black, purple and red ink and water colours on paper and linen paper, from 18 x 11,5 cm to 18 x 44 cm (7 x 4.5 inches to 7 x 17.3 inches), mostly mounted on the back of text pages, but also loose sheets. - - More than 225 prints, mostly mounted in compositions with maps, pictorial panels and more than 35 collages. The prints of various, mostly small sizes include maps, lithographs, chromolithographs, steel engravings, wood-cuts, postcards (cut and uncut), photo-reproductions, illustrations from books and magazines etc. Some prints (mostly illustrations from books and postcards) are added as unedited and uncut sheets. The prints have been taken from mostly Ottoman, but also German, French and English publications. Various techniques, some with manuscript annotations in black ink or with hand colour. - Additional unsorted sheets of manuscript and illustrations. Condition report: Boxes with some staining and minor wear on the edges, manuscripts and maps overall in a good clean condition with minor staining, foxing and wear. Sporadic maps and manuscripts are left unfinished." (Alexander Johnson and Dasa Pahor, 2020)

The map on the right showcases north Africa and Europe in the years 130-99 BH (circa 492 – 523 AD), in the last decades of the century before Mohammad’s birth. The Europe was mostly inhabited by the Goths and other peoples, following the fall of the Roman Empire in 476. The list on the bottom names the kingdoms and the political formations. The map on the left showcases the exactly same area in the year 58 BH (564 or 565 AD), five years before Muhammad’s birth and in the year of the death of Justinian the Great. The changes of the borders, comparing to the political situation only half of a century before, marked on the map of the right, are clearly visible, especially the borders of the Byzantine Empire, which now spreads across the large part of the Balkans and North Africa. Most of the territory would later become a part of the Islamic Ottoman Empire., "This is an extraordinary privately assembled encyclopaedia, focused on Mecca as the Navel of the World. Written in manuscript in thin black and red pens in Ottoman language, it contains over 580 pages of manuscript in tiny characters, sometimes accompanied with charts, over 380 manuscript maps, made with extreme care in precision in colours and with gold and silver highlights, over 225 prints from magazines, books, atlases and other sources from the late 19th and early 20th centuries, often joined in collages and compositions with hand-drawn maps. The maps are made with a greatest precision in well planned configuration. The colours are carefully applied to give an instant effect of a modern data visualisation. The gilt highlights and small details in black ink express the author’s endless patience and dedication to the project. The manuscripts, maps and illustrations are tastefully and carefully joined together thematically in foldouts and pamphlets, bound together with linen or paper stripes or strings. Shorter subjects and uncut plates also appear as separate leaves. We could count 217 such separate units. The whole collection is housed in three charming boxes, possibly made by the author from commercial boxes and leftovers of the linen, which he used for drawings of some of the maps. The anonymous author, doubtless a Muslim intellectual, took the information from the contemporary sources and atlases and smartly combined them in his own unique compositions. He also often added his own annotations, colouring and keys to the prints, which he took from the books and magazines. The manuscripts give an impression of a coherent collection, which was probably never meant for a publication. It was possibly an author private project, to which he dedicated years or decades of his life. It is possible that the collection was meant for a private education. Focus on Mecca The maps with geographic, historic and thematic data focus on the Arabian Peninsula with Mecca as a center. Throughout the series the city is often smartly positioned in the middle of the folds, to give the impression, that the world and around it opens like a flower. In the collection we could trace approximately 23 maps, where Mecca is represented in the central point of the world, 24 maps showcasing only the Arabian Peninsula or parts of it or / and the Red Sea, circa 25 maps of Mecca or/and its surroundings and sketches of the Kaaba and 11 views and prints of Mecca. The latter ones have been taken from other publications and integrated into the encyclopaedia by the author. Medina is represented with two manuscript maps and 8 views. The views here are as well taken from other publications. Separate pamphlets also focus on the history of the Arabian Peninsula and the history of its inhabitants with a chart on the tribes of Arabia. With this work the author geographically represented Mecca as the central point, a navel of the global culture and history from the ancient times up to the present days. Other Subjects The pamphlets and fold-outs are bound together thematically and represent the cultures, history and geography of the World from its beginnings until the early 20th century. The manuscript units with maps, charts and illustrations describe subjects such as geology, time through the Ottoman time charts, astronomy and astrology, ancient cultures and monuments (Babylon, Mesopotamia, Ancient Greece, Baalbek etc.), old geographic representations, such as Tabula Peutingeriana and parts of Fra Mauro’s map, America on old maps, discoveries on America and later discoveries and explorations, thematic maps of the world and parts of the world etc. A large portion of the maps is dedicated to the Mediterranean Basement (ca 152 maps) and the Balkans, with the large Ottoman battles. The other maps focus on Asia, America (ca 5 maps of North America, 2 maps of Central America), other continents and the whole world (27 maps of the world). The author seems unattached an ambivalent to Istanbul and Turkey, as the region is almost neglected in the manuscripts, which is the opposite of the contemporary glorification of the newly founded Turkey and the magnificent history of Istanbul. Also hardly represented are the African regions, including the Muslim ones. It is possible, that the author spent most of his life on the Arabian Peninsula and was not attached to the cultural and political center Istanbul. Authorship and Date The author of the work is not signed, neither are the maps dated. According to the attached note, the collection was allegedly connected with the family of the Turkish writer Ahmed Cemil Akıncı (1914-1984). His father and a possible author, Abdürrahim Hilmi Bey (Sipahizâde) was of Sipahi origins from Rumelia and was educated at the Fatih Madrasa in Istanbul. Hilmi Bey was in charge for the railway and education in Egypt, Palestine, Syria and Hejaz, where he spent a large part of his life. This would explain the author’s unattachment to Istanbul and Turkey. The paper, style and material of the boxes indicate the late 1910s and 1920s. Some of the maps confirm this period of time: a series of thematic world maps (possibly drafted after a contemporary Ottoman atlas) showcase the world in 1915 (1331 Rumi years). An illustration from a magazine, representing a map A Child’s Map of the Ancient World, by Alice York and Ilonka Karasz, was published in 1926. It is the youngest dated document, which we could trace in the collection. References: Unrecorded. [S. l., s. d. Possibly Ottoman Empire / Turkey, late 1910s-1920s]. A magnificent hand-written privately assembled encyclopaedia of the World, affectionately assembled and curated by an enlightened Muslim scholar in the last years of the Ottoman Empire, with over 580 text pages and 380 hand drawn detailed maps with gilt highlights, represents Mecca as the Navel of the World and the connecting point between the ancient civilisations and culture and the modern East and West. Collation: 3 red privately custom-made boxes, constructed of thick card with red linen surface with debossed lettering and decoration, patterned paper mounted inside, each with a black cloth loop with a knot, edges originally reinforced with linen, some linen parts with details of manuscript maps, 9 x 14 x 20 cm (3.5 x 5.5 x 7.8 inches). The boxes contain: - 217 separate units of fold-outs (leporellos), pamphlets and maps composed of sheets of paper, privately joined with straps of linen, sporadically also with stripes of paper or bound together with a sting. Most units with 4-8 pp., but also single sheet units and pamphlets with up to 16 pp. manuscript text. Most of the text accompanied with manuscript maps, mostly mounted verso. Some manuscript maps on loose linen waxed paper. Also includes sporadic single prints from books and magazines and postcards, not edited by the author. - The 217 units include: - - Over 580 manuscript text pages, some with charts in text, plus additional text comments and keys. Black and red ink on paper of various quality and thick card, each 18 x 11,5 cm (7 x 4.5 inches) when folded. - - More than 380 manuscript maps, including multiple maps on one sheet and folding maps. The maps are mostly mounted or drawn on cards on the inner side of the fold-outs and pamphlets, on the back of the text sheets. Some manuscript maps on loose waxed linen paper sheets. Most of the maps are ornated with gilt highlights. Black, purple and red ink and water colours on paper and linen paper, from 18 x 11,5 cm to 18 x 44 cm (7 x 4.5 inches to 7 x 17.3 inches), mostly mounted on the back of text pages, but also loose sheets. - - More than 225 prints, mostly mounted in compositions with maps, pictorial panels and more than 35 collages. The prints of various, mostly small sizes include maps, lithographs, chromolithographs, steel engravings, wood-cuts, postcards (cut and uncut), photo-reproductions, illustrations from books and magazines etc. Some prints (mostly illustrations from books and postcards) are added as unedited and uncut sheets. The prints have been taken from mostly Ottoman, but also German, French and English publications. Various techniques, some with manuscript annotations in black ink or with hand colour. - Additional unsorted sheets of manuscript and illustrations. Condition report: Boxes with some staining and minor wear on the edges, manuscripts and maps overall in a good clean condition with minor staining, foxing and wear. Sporadic maps and manuscripts are left unfinished." (Alexander Johnson and Dasa Pahor, 2020)

Appears to be a printed map with annotations in ms below., "This is an extraordinary privately assembled encyclopaedia, focused on Mecca as the Navel of the World. Written in manuscript in thin black and red pens in Ottoman language, it contains over 580 pages of manuscript in tiny characters, sometimes accompanied with charts, over 380 manuscript maps, made with extreme care in precision in colours and with gold and silver highlights, over 225 prints from magazines, books, atlases and other sources from the late 19th and early 20th centuries, often joined in collages and compositions with hand-drawn maps. The maps are made with a greatest precision in well planned configuration. The colours are carefully applied to give an instant effect of a modern data visualisation. The gilt highlights and small details in black ink express the author’s endless patience and dedication to the project. The manuscripts, maps and illustrations are tastefully and carefully joined together thematically in foldouts and pamphlets, bound together with linen or paper stripes or strings. Shorter subjects and uncut plates also appear as separate leaves. We could count 217 such separate units. The whole collection is housed in three charming boxes, possibly made by the author from commercial boxes and leftovers of the linen, which he used for drawings of some of the maps. The anonymous author, doubtless a Muslim intellectual, took the information from the contemporary sources and atlases and smartly combined them in his own unique compositions. He also often added his own annotations, colouring and keys to the prints, which he took from the books and magazines. The manuscripts give an impression of a coherent collection, which was probably never meant for a publication. It was possibly an author private project, to which he dedicated years or decades of his life. It is possible that the collection was meant for a private education. Focus on Mecca The maps with geographic, historic and thematic data focus on the Arabian Peninsula with Mecca as a center. Throughout the series the city is often smartly positioned in the middle of the folds, to give the impression, that the world and around it opens like a flower. In the collection we could trace approximately 23 maps, where Mecca is represented in the central point of the world, 24 maps showcasing only the Arabian Peninsula or parts of it or / and the Red Sea, circa 25 maps of Mecca or/and its surroundings and sketches of the Kaaba and 11 views and prints of Mecca. The latter ones have been taken from other publications and integrated into the encyclopaedia by the author. Medina is represented with two manuscript maps and 8 views. The views here are as well taken from other publications. Separate pamphlets also focus on the history of the Arabian Peninsula and the history of its inhabitants with a chart on the tribes of Arabia. With this work the author geographically represented Mecca as the central point, a navel of the global culture and history from the ancient times up to the present days. Other Subjects The pamphlets and fold-outs are bound together thematically and represent the cultures, history and geography of the World from its beginnings until the early 20th century. The manuscript units with maps, charts and illustrations describe subjects such as geology, time through the Ottoman time charts, astronomy and astrology, ancient cultures and monuments (Babylon, Mesopotamia, Ancient Greece, Baalbek etc.), old geographic representations, such as Tabula Peutingeriana and parts of Fra Mauro’s map, America on old maps, discoveries on America and later discoveries and explorations, thematic maps of the world and parts of the world etc. A large portion of the maps is dedicated to the Mediterranean Basement (ca 152 maps) and the Balkans, with the large Ottoman battles. The other maps focus on Asia, America (ca 5 maps of North America, 2 maps of Central America), other continents and the whole world (27 maps of the world). The author seems unattached an ambivalent to Istanbul and Turkey, as the region is almost neglected in the manuscripts, which is the opposite of the contemporary glorification of the newly founded Turkey and the magnificent history of Istanbul. Also hardly represented are the African regions, including the Muslim ones. It is possible, that the author spent most of his life on the Arabian Peninsula and was not attached to the cultural and political center Istanbul. Authorship and Date The author of the work is not signed, neither are the maps dated. According to the attached note, the collection was allegedly connected with the family of the Turkish writer Ahmed Cemil Akıncı (1914-1984). His father and a possible author, Abdürrahim Hilmi Bey (Sipahizâde) was of Sipahi origins from Rumelia and was educated at the Fatih Madrasa in Istanbul. Hilmi Bey was in charge for the railway and education in Egypt, Palestine, Syria and Hejaz, where he spent a large part of his life. This would explain the author’s unattachment to Istanbul and Turkey. The paper, style and material of the boxes indicate the late 1910s and 1920s. Some of the maps confirm this period of time: a series of thematic world maps (possibly drafted after a contemporary Ottoman atlas) showcase the world in 1915 (1331 Rumi years). An illustration from a magazine, representing a map A Child’s Map of the Ancient World, by Alice York and Ilonka Karasz, was published in 1926. It is the youngest dated document, which we could trace in the collection. References: Unrecorded. [S. l., s. d. Possibly Ottoman Empire / Turkey, late 1910s-1920s]. A magnificent hand-written privately assembled encyclopaedia of the World, affectionately assembled and curated by an enlightened Muslim scholar in the last years of the Ottoman Empire, with over 580 text pages and 380 hand drawn detailed maps with gilt highlights, represents Mecca as the Navel of the World and the connecting point between the ancient civilisations and culture and the modern East and West. Collation: 3 red privately custom-made boxes, constructed of thick card with red linen surface with debossed lettering and decoration, patterned paper mounted inside, each with a black cloth loop with a knot, edges originally reinforced with linen, some linen parts with details of manuscript maps, 9 x 14 x 20 cm (3.5 x 5.5 x 7.8 inches). The boxes contain: - 217 separate units of fold-outs (leporellos), pamphlets and maps composed of sheets of paper, privately joined with straps of linen, sporadically also with stripes of paper or bound together with a sting. Most units with 4-8 pp., but also single sheet units and pamphlets with up to 16 pp. manuscript text. Most of the text accompanied with manuscript maps, mostly mounted verso. Some manuscript maps on loose linen waxed paper. Also includes sporadic single prints from books and magazines and postcards, not edited by the author. - The 217 units include: - - Over 580 manuscript text pages, some with charts in text, plus additional text comments and keys. Black and red ink on paper of various quality and thick card, each 18 x 11,5 cm (7 x 4.5 inches) when folded. - - More than 380 manuscript maps, including multiple maps on one sheet and folding maps. The maps are mostly mounted or drawn on cards on the inner side of the fold-outs and pamphlets, on the back of the text sheets. Some manuscript maps on loose waxed linen paper sheets. Most of the maps are ornated with gilt highlights. Black, purple and red ink and water colours on paper and linen paper, from 18 x 11,5 cm to 18 x 44 cm (7 x 4.5 inches to 7 x 17.3 inches), mostly mounted on the back of text pages, but also loose sheets. - - More than 225 prints, mostly mounted in compositions with maps, pictorial panels and more than 35 collages. The prints of various, mostly small sizes include maps, lithographs, chromolithographs, steel engravings, wood-cuts, postcards (cut and uncut), photo-reproductions, illustrations from books and magazines etc. Some prints (mostly illustrations from books and postcards) are added as unedited and uncut sheets. The prints have been taken from mostly Ottoman, but also German, French and English publications. Various techniques, some with manuscript annotations in black ink or with hand colour. - Additional unsorted sheets of manuscript and illustrations. Condition report: Boxes with some staining and minor wear on the edges, manuscripts and maps overall in a good clean condition with minor staining, foxing and wear. Sporadic maps and manuscripts are left unfinished." (Alexander Johnson and Dasa Pahor, 2020)

Appears to be a printed map with annotations in ms below., "This is an extraordinary privately assembled encyclopaedia, focused on Mecca as the Navel of the World. Written in manuscript in thin black and red pens in Ottoman language, it contains over 580 pages of manuscript in tiny characters, sometimes accompanied with charts, over 380 manuscript maps, made with extreme care in precision in colours and with gold and silver highlights, over 225 prints from magazines, books, atlases and other sources from the late 19th and early 20th centuries, often joined in collages and compositions with hand-drawn maps. The maps are made with a greatest precision in well planned configuration. The colours are carefully applied to give an instant effect of a modern data visualisation. The gilt highlights and small details in black ink express the author’s endless patience and dedication to the project. The manuscripts, maps and illustrations are tastefully and carefully joined together thematically in foldouts and pamphlets, bound together with linen or paper stripes or strings. Shorter subjects and uncut plates also appear as separate leaves. We could count 217 such separate units. The whole collection is housed in three charming boxes, possibly made by the author from commercial boxes and leftovers of the linen, which he used for drawings of some of the maps. The anonymous author, doubtless a Muslim intellectual, took the information from the contemporary sources and atlases and smartly combined them in his own unique compositions. He also often added his own annotations, colouring and keys to the prints, which he took from the books and magazines. The manuscripts give an impression of a coherent collection, which was probably never meant for a publication. It was possibly an author private project, to which he dedicated years or decades of his life. It is possible that the collection was meant for a private education. Focus on Mecca The maps with geographic, historic and thematic data focus on the Arabian Peninsula with Mecca as a center. Throughout the series the city is often smartly positioned in the middle of the folds, to give the impression, that the world and around it opens like a flower. In the collection we could trace approximately 23 maps, where Mecca is represented in the central point of the world, 24 maps showcasing only the Arabian Peninsula or parts of it or / and the Red Sea, circa 25 maps of Mecca or/and its surroundings and sketches of the Kaaba and 11 views and prints of Mecca. The latter ones have been taken from other publications and integrated into the encyclopaedia by the author. Medina is represented with two manuscript maps and 8 views. The views here are as well taken from other publications. Separate pamphlets also focus on the history of the Arabian Peninsula and the history of its inhabitants with a chart on the tribes of Arabia. With this work the author geographically represented Mecca as the central point, a navel of the global culture and history from the ancient times up to the present days. Other Subjects The pamphlets and fold-outs are bound together thematically and represent the cultures, history and geography of the World from its beginnings until the early 20th century. The manuscript units with maps, charts and illustrations describe subjects such as geology, time through the Ottoman time charts, astronomy and astrology, ancient cultures and monuments (Babylon, Mesopotamia, Ancient Greece, Baalbek etc.), old geographic representations, such as Tabula Peutingeriana and parts of Fra Mauro’s map, America on old maps, discoveries on America and later discoveries and explorations, thematic maps of the world and parts of the world etc. A large portion of the maps is dedicated to the Mediterranean Basement (ca 152 maps) and the Balkans, with the large Ottoman battles. The other maps focus on Asia, America (ca 5 maps of North America, 2 maps of Central America), other continents and the whole world (27 maps of the world). The author seems unattached an ambivalent to Istanbul and Turkey, as the region is almost neglected in the manuscripts, which is the opposite of the contemporary glorification of the newly founded Turkey and the magnificent history of Istanbul. Also hardly represented are the African regions, including the Muslim ones. It is possible, that the author spent most of his life on the Arabian Peninsula and was not attached to the cultural and political center Istanbul. Authorship and Date The author of the work is not signed, neither are the maps dated. According to the attached note, the collection was allegedly connected with the family of the Turkish writer Ahmed Cemil Akıncı (1914-1984). His father and a possible author, Abdürrahim Hilmi Bey (Sipahizâde) was of Sipahi origins from Rumelia and was educated at the Fatih Madrasa in Istanbul. Hilmi Bey was in charge for the railway and education in Egypt, Palestine, Syria and Hejaz, where he spent a large part of his life. This would explain the author’s unattachment to Istanbul and Turkey. The paper, style and material of the boxes indicate the late 1910s and 1920s. Some of the maps confirm this period of time: a series of thematic world maps (possibly drafted after a contemporary Ottoman atlas) showcase the world in 1915 (1331 Rumi years). An illustration from a magazine, representing a map A Child’s Map of the Ancient World, by Alice York and Ilonka Karasz, was published in 1926. It is the youngest dated document, which we could trace in the collection. References: Unrecorded. [S. l., s. d. Possibly Ottoman Empire / Turkey, late 1910s-1920s]. A magnificent hand-written privately assembled encyclopaedia of the World, affectionately assembled and curated by an enlightened Muslim scholar in the last years of the Ottoman Empire, with over 580 text pages and 380 hand drawn detailed maps with gilt highlights, represents Mecca as the Navel of the World and the connecting point between the ancient civilisations and culture and the modern East and West. Collation: 3 red privately custom-made boxes, constructed of thick card with red linen surface with debossed lettering and decoration, patterned paper mounted inside, each with a black cloth loop with a knot, edges originally reinforced with linen, some linen parts with details of manuscript maps, 9 x 14 x 20 cm (3.5 x 5.5 x 7.8 inches). The boxes contain: - 217 separate units of fold-outs (leporellos), pamphlets and maps composed of sheets of paper, privately joined with straps of linen, sporadically also with stripes of paper or bound together with a sting. Most units with 4-8 pp., but also single sheet units and pamphlets with up to 16 pp. manuscript text. Most of the text accompanied with manuscript maps, mostly mounted verso. Some manuscript maps on loose linen waxed paper. Also includes sporadic single prints from books and magazines and postcards, not edited by the author. - The 217 units include: - - Over 580 manuscript text pages, some with charts in text, plus additional text comments and keys. Black and red ink on paper of various quality and thick card, each 18 x 11,5 cm (7 x 4.5 inches) when folded. - - More than 380 manuscript maps, including multiple maps on one sheet and folding maps. The maps are mostly mounted or drawn on cards on the inner side of the fold-outs and pamphlets, on the back of the text sheets. Some manuscript maps on loose waxed linen paper sheets. Most of the maps are ornated with gilt highlights. Black, purple and red ink and water colours on paper and linen paper, from 18 x 11,5 cm to 18 x 44 cm (7 x 4.5 inches to 7 x 17.3 inches), mostly mounted on the back of text pages, but also loose sheets. - - More than 225 prints, mostly mounted in compositions with maps, pictorial panels and more than 35 collages. The prints of various, mostly small sizes include maps, lithographs, chromolithographs, steel engravings, wood-cuts, postcards (cut and uncut), photo-reproductions, illustrations from books and magazines etc. Some prints (mostly illustrations from books and postcards) are added as unedited and uncut sheets. The prints have been taken from mostly Ottoman, but also German, French and English publications. Various techniques, some with manuscript annotations in black ink or with hand colour. - Additional unsorted sheets of manuscript and illustrations. Condition report: Boxes with some staining and minor wear on the edges, manuscripts and maps overall in a good clean condition with minor staining, foxing and wear. Sporadic maps and manuscripts are left unfinished." (Alexander Johnson, 2020)

"This is an extraordinary privately assembled encyclopaedia, focused on Mecca as the Navel of the World. Written in manuscript in thin black and red pens in Ottoman language, it contains over 580 pages of manuscript in tiny characters, sometimes accompanied with charts, over 380 manuscript maps, made with extreme care in precision in colours and with gold and silver highlights, over 225 prints from magazines, books, atlases and other sources from the late 19th and early 20th centuries, often joined in collages and compositions with hand-drawn maps. The maps are made with a greatest precision in well planned configuration. The colours are carefully applied to give an instant effect of a modern data visualisation. The gilt highlights and small details in black ink express the author’s endless patience and dedication to the project. The manuscripts, maps and illustrations are tastefully and carefully joined together thematically in foldouts and pamphlets, bound together with linen or paper stripes or strings. Shorter subjects and uncut plates also appear as separate leaves. We could count 217 such separate units. The whole collection is housed in three charming boxes, possibly made by the author from commercial boxes and leftovers of the linen, which he used for drawings of some of the maps. The anonymous author, doubtless a Muslim intellectual, took the information from the contemporary sources and atlases and smartly combined them in his own unique compositions. He also often added his own annotations, colouring and keys to the prints, which he took from the books and magazines. The manuscripts give an impression of a coherent collection, which was probably never meant for a publication. It was possibly an author private project, to which he dedicated years or decades of his life. It is possible that the collection was meant for a private education. Focus on Mecca The maps with geographic, historic and thematic data focus on the Arabian Peninsula with Mecca as a center. Throughout the series the city is often smartly positioned in the middle of the folds, to give the impression, that the world and around it opens like a flower. In the collection we could trace approximately 23 maps, where Mecca is represented in the central point of the world, 24 maps showcasing only the Arabian Peninsula or parts of it or / and the Red Sea, circa 25 maps of Mecca or/and its surroundings and sketches of the Kaaba and 11 views and prints of Mecca. The latter ones have been taken from other publications and integrated into the encyclopaedia by the author. Medina is represented with two manuscript maps and 8 views. The views here are as well taken from other publications. Separate pamphlets also focus on the history of the Arabian Peninsula and the history of its inhabitants with a chart on the tribes of Arabia. With this work the author geographically represented Mecca as the central point, a navel of the global culture and history from the ancient times up to the present days. Other Subjects The pamphlets and fold-outs are bound together thematically and represent the cultures, history and geography of the World from its beginnings until the early 20th century. The manuscript units with maps, charts and illustrations describe subjects such as geology, time through the Ottoman time charts, astronomy and astrology, ancient cultures and monuments (Babylon, Mesopotamia, Ancient Greece, Baalbek etc.), old geographic representations, such as Tabula Peutingeriana and parts of Fra Mauro’s map, America on old maps, discoveries on America and later discoveries and explorations, thematic maps of the world and parts of the world etc. A large portion of the maps is dedicated to the Mediterranean Basement (ca 152 maps) and the Balkans, with the large Ottoman battles. The other maps focus on Asia, America (ca 5 maps of North America, 2 maps of Central America), other continents and the whole world (27 maps of the world). The author seems unattached an ambivalent to Istanbul and Turkey, as the region is almost neglected in the manuscripts, which is the opposite of the contemporary glorification of the newly founded Turkey and the magnificent history of Istanbul. Also hardly represented are the African regions, including the Muslim ones. It is possible, that the author spent most of his life on the Arabian Peninsula and was not attached to the cultural and political center Istanbul. Authorship and Date The author of the work is not signed, neither are the maps dated. According to the attached note, the collection was allegedly connected with the family of the Turkish writer Ahmed Cemil Akıncı (1914-1984). His father and a possible author, Abdürrahim Hilmi Bey (Sipahizâde) was of Sipahi origins from Rumelia and was educated at the Fatih Madrasa in Istanbul. Hilmi Bey was in charge for the railway and education in Egypt, Palestine, Syria and Hejaz, where he spent a large part of his life. This would explain the author’s unattachment to Istanbul and Turkey. The paper, style and material of the boxes indicate the late 1910s and 1920s. Some of the maps confirm this period of time: a series of thematic world maps (possibly drafted after a contemporary Ottoman atlas) showcase the world in 1915 (1331 Rumi years). An illustration from a magazine, representing a map A Child’s Map of the Ancient World, by Alice York and Ilonka Karasz, was published in 1926. It is the youngest dated document, which we could trace in the collection. References: Unrecorded. [S. l., s. d. Possibly Ottoman Empire / Turkey, late 1910s-1920s]. A magnificent hand-written privately assembled encyclopaedia of the World, affectionately assembled and curated by an enlightened Muslim scholar in the last years of the Ottoman Empire, with over 580 text pages and 380 hand drawn detailed maps with gilt highlights, represents Mecca as the Navel of the World and the connecting point between the ancient civilisations and culture and the modern East and West. Collation: 3 red privately custom-made boxes, constructed of thick card with red linen surface with debossed lettering and decoration, patterned paper mounted inside, each with a black cloth loop with a knot, edges originally reinforced with linen, some linen parts with details of manuscript maps, 9 x 14 x 20 cm (3.5 x 5.5 x 7.8 inches). The boxes contain: - 217 separate units of fold-outs (leporellos), pamphlets and maps composed of sheets of paper, privately joined with straps of linen, sporadically also with stripes of paper or bound together with a sting. Most units with 4-8 pp., but also single sheet units and pamphlets with up to 16 pp. manuscript text. Most of the text accompanied with manuscript maps, mostly mounted verso. Some manuscript maps on loose linen waxed paper. Also includes sporadic single prints from books and magazines and postcards, not edited by the author. - The 217 units include: - - Over 580 manuscript text pages, some with charts in text, plus additional text comments and keys. Black and red ink on paper of various quality and thick card, each 18 x 11,5 cm (7 x 4.5 inches) when folded. - - More than 380 manuscript maps, including multiple maps on one sheet and folding maps. The maps are mostly mounted or drawn on cards on the inner side of the fold-outs and pamphlets, on the back of the text sheets. Some manuscript maps on loose waxed linen paper sheets. Most of the maps are ornated with gilt highlights. Black, purple and red ink and water colours on paper and linen paper, from 18 x 11,5 cm to 18 x 44 cm (7 x 4.5 inches to 7 x 17.3 inches), mostly mounted on the back of text pages, but also loose sheets. - - More than 225 prints, mostly mounted in compositions with maps, pictorial panels and more than 35 collages. The prints of various, mostly small sizes include maps, lithographs, chromolithographs, steel engravings, wood-cuts, postcards (cut and uncut), photo-reproductions, illustrations from books and magazines etc. Some prints (mostly illustrations from books and postcards) are added as unedited and uncut sheets. The prints have been taken from mostly Ottoman, but also German, French and English publications. Various techniques, some with manuscript annotations in black ink or with hand colour. - Additional unsorted sheets of manuscript and illustrations. Condition report: Boxes with some staining and minor wear on the edges, manuscripts and maps overall in a good clean condition with minor staining, foxing and wear. Sporadic maps and manuscripts are left unfinished." (Alexander Johnson and Dasa Pahor, 2020)

"This is an extraordinary privately assembled encyclopaedia, focused on Mecca as the Navel of the World. Written in manuscript in thin black and red pens in Ottoman language, it contains over 580 pages of manuscript in tiny characters, sometimes accompanied with charts, over 380 manuscript maps, made with extreme care in precision in colours and with gold and silver highlights, over 225 prints from magazines, books, atlases and other sources from the late 19th and early 20th centuries, often joined in collages and compositions with hand-drawn maps. The maps are made with a greatest precision in well planned configuration. The colours are carefully applied to give an instant effect of a modern data visualisation. The gilt highlights and small details in black ink express the author’s endless patience and dedication to the project. The manuscripts, maps and illustrations are tastefully and carefully joined together thematically in foldouts and pamphlets, bound together with linen or paper stripes or strings. Shorter subjects and uncut plates also appear as separate leaves. We could count 217 such separate units. The whole collection is housed in three charming boxes, possibly made by the author from commercial boxes and leftovers of the linen, which he used for drawings of some of the maps. The anonymous author, doubtless a Muslim intellectual, took the information from the contemporary sources and atlases and smartly combined them in his own unique compositions. He also often added his own annotations, colouring and keys to the prints, which he took from the books and magazines. The manuscripts give an impression of a coherent collection, which was probably never meant for a publication. It was possibly an author private project, to which he dedicated years or decades of his life. It is possible that the collection was meant for a private education. Focus on Mecca The maps with geographic, historic and thematic data focus on the Arabian Peninsula with Mecca as a center. Throughout the series the city is often smartly positioned in the middle of the folds, to give the impression, that the world and around it opens like a flower. In the collection we could trace approximately 23 maps, where Mecca is represented in the central point of the world, 24 maps showcasing only the Arabian Peninsula or parts of it or / and the Red Sea, circa 25 maps of Mecca or/and its surroundings and sketches of the Kaaba and 11 views and prints of Mecca. The latter ones have been taken from other publications and integrated into the encyclopaedia by the author. Medina is represented with two manuscript maps and 8 views. The views here are as well taken from other publications. Separate pamphlets also focus on the history of the Arabian Peninsula and the history of its inhabitants with a chart on the tribes of Arabia. With this work the author geographically represented Mecca as the central point, a navel of the global culture and history from the ancient times up to the present days. Other Subjects The pamphlets and fold-outs are bound together thematically and represent the cultures, history and geography of the World from its beginnings until the early 20th century. The manuscript units with maps, charts and illustrations describe subjects such as geology, time through the Ottoman time charts, astronomy and astrology, ancient cultures and monuments (Babylon, Mesopotamia, Ancient Greece, Baalbek etc.), old geographic representations, such as Tabula Peutingeriana and parts of Fra Mauro’s map, America on old maps, discoveries on America and later discoveries and explorations, thematic maps of the world and parts of the world etc. A large portion of the maps is dedicated to the Mediterranean Basement (ca 152 maps) and the Balkans, with the large Ottoman battles. The other maps focus on Asia, America (ca 5 maps of North America, 2 maps of Central America), other continents and the whole world (27 maps of the world). The author seems unattached an ambivalent to Istanbul and Turkey, as the region is almost neglected in the manuscripts, which is the opposite of the contemporary glorification of the newly founded Turkey and the magnificent history of Istanbul. Also hardly represented are the African regions, including the Muslim ones. It is possible, that the author spent most of his life on the Arabian Peninsula and was not attached to the cultural and political center Istanbul. Authorship and Date The author of the work is not signed, neither are the maps dated. According to the attached note, the collection was allegedly connected with the family of the Turkish writer Ahmed Cemil Akıncı (1914-1984). His father and a possible author, Abdürrahim Hilmi Bey (Sipahizâde) was of Sipahi origins from Rumelia and was educated at the Fatih Madrasa in Istanbul. Hilmi Bey was in charge for the railway and education in Egypt, Palestine, Syria and Hejaz, where he spent a large part of his life. This would explain the author’s unattachment to Istanbul and Turkey. The paper, style and material of the boxes indicate the late 1910s and 1920s. Some of the maps confirm this period of time: a series of thematic world maps (possibly drafted after a contemporary Ottoman atlas) showcase the world in 1915 (1331 Rumi years). An illustration from a magazine, representing a map A Child’s Map of the Ancient World, by Alice York and Ilonka Karasz, was published in 1926. It is the youngest dated document, which we could trace in the collection. References: Unrecorded. [S. l., s. d. Possibly Ottoman Empire / Turkey, late 1910s-1920s]. A magnificent hand-written privately assembled encyclopaedia of the World, affectionately assembled and curated by an enlightened Muslim scholar in the last years of the Ottoman Empire, with over 580 text pages and 380 hand drawn detailed maps with gilt highlights, represents Mecca as the Navel of the World and the connecting point between the ancient civilisations and culture and the modern East and West. Collation: 3 red privately custom-made boxes, constructed of thick card with red linen surface with debossed lettering and decoration, patterned paper mounted inside, each with a black cloth loop with a knot, edges originally reinforced with linen, some linen parts with details of manuscript maps, 9 x 14 x 20 cm (3.5 x 5.5 x 7.8 inches). The boxes contain: - 217 separate units of fold-outs (leporellos), pamphlets and maps composed of sheets of paper, privately joined with straps of linen, sporadically also with stripes of paper or bound together with a sting. Most units with 4-8 pp., but also single sheet units and pamphlets with up to 16 pp. manuscript text. Most of the text accompanied with manuscript maps, mostly mounted verso. Some manuscript maps on loose linen waxed paper. Also includes sporadic single prints from books and magazines and postcards, not edited by the author. - The 217 units include: - - Over 580 manuscript text pages, some with charts in text, plus additional text comments and keys. Black and red ink on paper of various quality and thick card, each 18 x 11,5 cm (7 x 4.5 inches) when folded. - - More than 380 manuscript maps, including multiple maps on one sheet and folding maps. The maps are mostly mounted or drawn on cards on the inner side of the fold-outs and pamphlets, on the back of the text sheets. Some manuscript maps on loose waxed linen paper sheets. Most of the maps are ornated with gilt highlights. Black, purple and red ink and water colours on paper and linen paper, from 18 x 11,5 cm to 18 x 44 cm (7 x 4.5 inches to 7 x 17.3 inches), mostly mounted on the back of text pages, but also loose sheets. - - More than 225 prints, mostly mounted in compositions with maps, pictorial panels and more than 35 collages. The prints of various, mostly small sizes include maps, lithographs, chromolithographs, steel engravings, wood-cuts, postcards (cut and uncut), photo-reproductions, illustrations from books and magazines etc. Some prints (mostly illustrations from books and postcards) are added as unedited and uncut sheets. The prints have been taken from mostly Ottoman, but also German, French and English publications. Various techniques, some with manuscript annotations in black ink or with hand colour. - Additional unsorted sheets of manuscript and illustrations. Condition report: Boxes with some staining and minor wear on the edges, manuscripts and maps overall in a good clean condition with minor staining, foxing and wear. Sporadic maps and manuscripts are left unfinished." (Alexander Johnson and Dasa Pahor, 2020)

"This is an extraordinary privately assembled encyclopaedia, focused on Mecca as the Navel of the World. Written in manuscript in thin black and red pens in Ottoman language, it contains over 580 pages of manuscript in tiny characters, sometimes accompanied with charts, over 380 manuscript maps, made with extreme care in precision in colours and with gold and silver highlights, over 225 prints from magazines, books, atlases and other sources from the late 19th and early 20th centuries, often joined in collages and compositions with hand-drawn maps. The maps are made with a greatest precision in well planned configuration. The colours are carefully applied to give an instant effect of a modern data visualisation. The gilt highlights and small details in black ink express the author’s endless patience and dedication to the project. The manuscripts, maps and illustrations are tastefully and carefully joined together thematically in foldouts and pamphlets, bound together with linen or paper stripes or strings. Shorter subjects and uncut plates also appear as separate leaves. We could count 217 such separate units. The whole collection is housed in three charming boxes, possibly made by the author from commercial boxes and leftovers of the linen, which he used for drawings of some of the maps. The anonymous author, doubtless a Muslim intellectual, took the information from the contemporary sources and atlases and smartly combined them in his own unique compositions. He also often added his own annotations, colouring and keys to the prints, which he took from the books and magazines. The manuscripts give an impression of a coherent collection, which was probably never meant for a publication. It was possibly an author private project, to which he dedicated years or decades of his life. It is possible that the collection was meant for a private education. Focus on Mecca The maps with geographic, historic and thematic data focus on the Arabian Peninsula with Mecca as a center. Throughout the series the city is often smartly positioned in the middle of the folds, to give the impression, that the world and around it opens like a flower. In the collection we could trace approximately 23 maps, where Mecca is represented in the central point of the world, 24 maps showcasing only the Arabian Peninsula or parts of it or / and the Red Sea, circa 25 maps of Mecca or/and its surroundings and sketches of the Kaaba and 11 views and prints of Mecca. The latter ones have been taken from other publications and integrated into the encyclopaedia by the author. Medina is represented with two manuscript maps and 8 views. The views here are as well taken from other publications. Separate pamphlets also focus on the history of the Arabian Peninsula and the history of its inhabitants with a chart on the tribes of Arabia. With this work the author geographically represented Mecca as the central point, a navel of the global culture and history from the ancient times up to the present days. Other Subjects The pamphlets and fold-outs are bound together thematically and represent the cultures, history and geography of the World from its beginnings until the early 20th century. The manuscript units with maps, charts and illustrations describe subjects such as geology, time through the Ottoman time charts, astronomy and astrology, ancient cultures and monuments (Babylon, Mesopotamia, Ancient Greece, Baalbek etc.), old geographic representations, such as Tabula Peutingeriana and parts of Fra Mauro’s map, America on old maps, discoveries on America and later discoveries and explorations, thematic maps of the world and parts of the world etc. A large portion of the maps is dedicated to the Mediterranean Basement (ca 152 maps) and the Balkans, with the large Ottoman battles. The other maps focus on Asia, America (ca 5 maps of North America, 2 maps of Central America), other continents and the whole world (27 maps of the world). The author seems unattached an ambivalent to Istanbul and Turkey, as the region is almost neglected in the manuscripts, which is the opposite of the contemporary glorification of the newly founded Turkey and the magnificent history of Istanbul. Also hardly represented are the African regions, including the Muslim ones. It is possible, that the author spent most of his life on the Arabian Peninsula and was not attached to the cultural and political center Istanbul. Authorship and Date The author of the work is not signed, neither are the maps dated. According to the attached note, the collection was allegedly connected with the family of the Turkish writer Ahmed Cemil Akıncı (1914-1984). His father and a possible author, Abdürrahim Hilmi Bey (Sipahizâde) was of Sipahi origins from Rumelia and was educated at the Fatih Madrasa in Istanbul. Hilmi Bey was in charge for the railway and education in Egypt, Palestine, Syria and Hejaz, where he spent a large part of his life. This would explain the author’s unattachment to Istanbul and Turkey. The paper, style and material of the boxes indicate the late 1910s and 1920s. Some of the maps confirm this period of time: a series of thematic world maps (possibly drafted after a contemporary Ottoman atlas) showcase the world in 1915 (1331 Rumi years). An illustration from a magazine, representing a map A Child’s Map of the Ancient World, by Alice York and Ilonka Karasz, was published in 1926. It is the youngest dated document, which we could trace in the collection. References: Unrecorded. [S. l., s. d. Possibly Ottoman Empire / Turkey, late 1910s-1920s]. A magnificent hand-written privately assembled encyclopaedia of the World, affectionately assembled and curated by an enlightened Muslim scholar in the last years of the Ottoman Empire, with over 580 text pages and 380 hand drawn detailed maps with gilt highlights, represents Mecca as the Navel of the World and the connecting point between the ancient civilisations and culture and the modern East and West. Collation: 3 red privately custom-made boxes, constructed of thick card with red linen surface with debossed lettering and decoration, patterned paper mounted inside, each with a black cloth loop with a knot, edges originally reinforced with linen, some linen parts with details of manuscript maps, 9 x 14 x 20 cm (3.5 x 5.5 x 7.8 inches). The boxes contain: - 217 separate units of fold-outs (leporellos), pamphlets and maps composed of sheets of paper, privately joined with straps of linen, sporadically also with stripes of paper or bound together with a sting. Most units with 4-8 pp., but also single sheet units and pamphlets with up to 16 pp. manuscript text. Most of the text accompanied with manuscript maps, mostly mounted verso. Some manuscript maps on loose linen waxed paper. Also includes sporadic single prints from books and magazines and postcards, not edited by the author. - The 217 units include: - - Over 580 manuscript text pages, some with charts in text, plus additional text comments and keys. Black and red ink on paper of various quality and thick card, each 18 x 11,5 cm (7 x 4.5 inches) when folded. - - More than 380 manuscript maps, including multiple maps on one sheet and folding maps. The maps are mostly mounted or drawn on cards on the inner side of the fold-outs and pamphlets, on the back of the text sheets. Some manuscript maps on loose waxed linen paper sheets. Most of the maps are ornated with gilt highlights. Black, purple and red ink and water colours on paper and linen paper, from 18 x 11,5 cm to 18 x 44 cm (7 x 4.5 inches to 7 x 17.3 inches), mostly mounted on the back of text pages, but also loose sheets. - - More than 225 prints, mostly mounted in compositions with maps, pictorial panels and more than 35 collages. The prints of various, mostly small sizes include maps, lithographs, chromolithographs, steel engravings, wood-cuts, postcards (cut and uncut), photo-reproductions, illustrations from books and magazines etc. Some prints (mostly illustrations from books and postcards) are added as unedited and uncut sheets. The prints have been taken from mostly Ottoman, but also German, French and English publications. Various techniques, some with manuscript annotations in black ink or with hand colour. - Additional unsorted sheets of manuscript and illustrations. Condition report: Boxes with some staining and minor wear on the edges, manuscripts and maps overall in a good clean condition with minor staining, foxing and wear. Sporadic maps and manuscripts are left unfinished." (Alexander Johnson, 2020)

The map on the right showcases north Africa and Europe in the years 130-99 BH (circa 492 – 523 AD), in the last decades of the century before Mohammad’s birth. The Europe was mostly inhabited by the Goths and other peoples, following the fall of the Roman Empire in 476. The list on the bottom names the kingdoms and the political formations. The map on the left showcases the exactly same area in the year 58 BH (564 or 565 AD), five years before Muhammad’s birth and in the year of the death of Justinian the Great. The changes of the borders, comparing to the political situation only half of a century before, marked on the map of the right, are clearly visible, especially the borders of the Byzantine Empire, which now spreads across the large part of the Balkans and North Africa. Most of the territory would later become a part of the Islamic Ottoman Empire., "This is an extraordinary privately assembled encyclopaedia, focused on Mecca as the Navel of the World. Written in manuscript in thin black and red pens in Ottoman language, it contains over 580 pages of manuscript in tiny characters, sometimes accompanied with charts, over 380 manuscript maps, made with extreme care in precision in colours and with gold and silver highlights, over 225 prints from magazines, books, atlases and other sources from the late 19th and early 20th centuries, often joined in collages and compositions with hand-drawn maps. The maps are made with a greatest precision in well planned configuration. The colours are carefully applied to give an instant effect of a modern data visualisation. The gilt highlights and small details in black ink express the author’s endless patience and dedication to the project. The manuscripts, maps and illustrations are tastefully and carefully joined together thematically in foldouts and pamphlets, bound together with linen or paper stripes or strings. Shorter subjects and uncut plates also appear as separate leaves. We could count 217 such separate units. The whole collection is housed in three charming boxes, possibly made by the author from commercial boxes and leftovers of the linen, which he used for drawings of some of the maps. The anonymous author, doubtless a Muslim intellectual, took the information from the contemporary sources and atlases and smartly combined them in his own unique compositions. He also often added his own annotations, colouring and keys to the prints, which he took from the books and magazines. The manuscripts give an impression of a coherent collection, which was probably never meant for a publication. It was possibly an author private project, to which he dedicated years or decades of his life. It is possible that the collection was meant for a private education. Focus on Mecca The maps with geographic, historic and thematic data focus on the Arabian Peninsula with Mecca as a center. Throughout the series the city is often smartly positioned in the middle of the folds, to give the impression, that the world and around it opens like a flower. In the collection we could trace approximately 23 maps, where Mecca is represented in the central point of the world, 24 maps showcasing only the Arabian Peninsula or parts of it or / and the Red Sea, circa 25 maps of Mecca or/and its surroundings and sketches of the Kaaba and 11 views and prints of Mecca. The latter ones have been taken from other publications and integrated into the encyclopaedia by the author. Medina is represented with two manuscript maps and 8 views. The views here are as well taken from other publications. Separate pamphlets also focus on the history of the Arabian Peninsula and the history of its inhabitants with a chart on the tribes of Arabia. With this work the author geographically represented Mecca as the central point, a navel of the global culture and history from the ancient times up to the present days. Other Subjects The pamphlets and fold-outs are bound together thematically and represent the cultures, history and geography of the World from its beginnings until the early 20th century. The manuscript units with maps, charts and illustrations describe subjects such as geology, time through the Ottoman time charts, astronomy and astrology, ancient cultures and monuments (Babylon, Mesopotamia, Ancient Greece, Baalbek etc.), old geographic representations, such as Tabula Peutingeriana and parts of Fra Mauro’s map, America on old maps, discoveries on America and later discoveries and explorations, thematic maps of the world and parts of the world etc. A large portion of the maps is dedicated to the Mediterranean Basement (ca 152 maps) and the Balkans, with the large Ottoman battles. The other maps focus on Asia, America (ca 5 maps of North America, 2 maps of Central America), other continents and the whole world (27 maps of the world). The author seems unattached an ambivalent to Istanbul and Turkey, as the region is almost neglected in the manuscripts, which is the opposite of the contemporary glorification of the newly founded Turkey and the magnificent history of Istanbul. Also hardly represented are the African regions, including the Muslim ones. It is possible, that the author spent most of his life on the Arabian Peninsula and was not attached to the cultural and political center Istanbul. Authorship and Date The author of the work is not signed, neither are the maps dated. According to the attached note, the collection was allegedly connected with the family of the Turkish writer Ahmed Cemil Akıncı (1914-1984). His father and a possible author, Abdürrahim Hilmi Bey (Sipahizâde) was of Sipahi origins from Rumelia and was educated at the Fatih Madrasa in Istanbul. Hilmi Bey was in charge for the railway and education in Egypt, Palestine, Syria and Hejaz, where he spent a large part of his life. This would explain the author’s unattachment to Istanbul and Turkey. The paper, style and material of the boxes indicate the late 1910s and 1920s. Some of the maps confirm this period of time: a series of thematic world maps (possibly drafted after a contemporary Ottoman atlas) showcase the world in 1915 (1331 Rumi years). An illustration from a magazine, representing a map A Child’s Map of the Ancient World, by Alice York and Ilonka Karasz, was published in 1926. It is the youngest dated document, which we could trace in the collection. References: Unrecorded. [S. l., s. d. Possibly Ottoman Empire / Turkey, late 1910s-1920s]. A magnificent hand-written privately assembled encyclopaedia of the World, affectionately assembled and curated by an enlightened Muslim scholar in the last years of the Ottoman Empire, with over 580 text pages and 380 hand drawn detailed maps with gilt highlights, represents Mecca as the Navel of the World and the connecting point between the ancient civilisations and culture and the modern East and West. Collation: 3 red privately custom-made boxes, constructed of thick card with red linen surface with debossed lettering and decoration, patterned paper mounted inside, each with a black cloth loop with a knot, edges originally reinforced with linen, some linen parts with details of manuscript maps, 9 x 14 x 20 cm (3.5 x 5.5 x 7.8 inches). The boxes contain: - 217 separate units of fold-outs (leporellos), pamphlets and maps composed of sheets of paper, privately joined with straps of linen, sporadically also with stripes of paper or bound together with a sting. Most units with 4-8 pp., but also single sheet units and pamphlets with up to 16 pp. manuscript text. Most of the text accompanied with manuscript maps, mostly mounted verso. Some manuscript maps on loose linen waxed paper. Also includes sporadic single prints from books and magazines and postcards, not edited by the author. - The 217 units include: - - Over 580 manuscript text pages, some with charts in text, plus additional text comments and keys. Black and red ink on paper of various quality and thick card, each 18 x 11,5 cm (7 x 4.5 inches) when folded. - - More than 380 manuscript maps, including multiple maps on one sheet and folding maps. The maps are mostly mounted or drawn on cards on the inner side of the fold-outs and pamphlets, on the back of the text sheets. Some manuscript maps on loose waxed linen paper sheets. Most of the maps are ornated with gilt highlights. Black, purple and red ink and water colours on paper and linen paper, from 18 x 11,5 cm to 18 x 44 cm (7 x 4.5 inches to 7 x 17.3 inches), mostly mounted on the back of text pages, but also loose sheets. - - More than 225 prints, mostly mounted in compositions with maps, pictorial panels and more than 35 collages. The prints of various, mostly small sizes include maps, lithographs, chromolithographs, steel engravings, wood-cuts, postcards (cut and uncut), photo-reproductions, illustrations from books and magazines etc. Some prints (mostly illustrations from books and postcards) are added as unedited and uncut sheets. The prints have been taken from mostly Ottoman, but also German, French and English publications. Various techniques, some with manuscript annotations in black ink or with hand colour. - Additional unsorted sheets of manuscript and illustrations. Condition report: Boxes with some staining and minor wear on the edges, manuscripts and maps overall in a good clean condition with minor staining, foxing and wear. Sporadic maps and manuscripts are left unfinished." (Alexander Johnson, 2020)

Appears to be a printed map with annotations in ms below., "This is an extraordinary privately assembled encyclopaedia, focused on Mecca as the Navel of the World. Written in manuscript in thin black and red pens in Ottoman language, it contains over 580 pages of manuscript in tiny characters, sometimes accompanied with charts, over 380 manuscript maps, made with extreme care in precision in colours and with gold and silver highlights, over 225 prints from magazines, books, atlases and other sources from the late 19th and early 20th centuries, often joined in collages and compositions with hand-drawn maps. The maps are made with a greatest precision in well planned configuration. The colours are carefully applied to give an instant effect of a modern data visualisation. The gilt highlights and small details in black ink express the author’s endless patience and dedication to the project. The manuscripts, maps and illustrations are tastefully and carefully joined together thematically in foldouts and pamphlets, bound together with linen or paper stripes or strings. Shorter subjects and uncut plates also appear as separate leaves. We could count 217 such separate units. The whole collection is housed in three charming boxes, possibly made by the author from commercial boxes and leftovers of the linen, which he used for drawings of some of the maps. The anonymous author, doubtless a Muslim intellectual, took the information from the contemporary sources and atlases and smartly combined them in his own unique compositions. He also often added his own annotations, colouring and keys to the prints, which he took from the books and magazines. The manuscripts give an impression of a coherent collection, which was probably never meant for a publication. It was possibly an author private project, to which he dedicated years or decades of his life. It is possible that the collection was meant for a private education. Focus on Mecca The maps with geographic, historic and thematic data focus on the Arabian Peninsula with Mecca as a center. Throughout the series the city is often smartly positioned in the middle of the folds, to give the impression, that the world and around it opens like a flower. In the collection we could trace approximately 23 maps, where Mecca is represented in the central point of the world, 24 maps showcasing only the Arabian Peninsula or parts of it or / and the Red Sea, circa 25 maps of Mecca or/and its surroundings and sketches of the Kaaba and 11 views and prints of Mecca. The latter ones have been taken from other publications and integrated into the encyclopaedia by the author. Medina is represented with two manuscript maps and 8 views. The views here are as well taken from other publications. Separate pamphlets also focus on the history of the Arabian Peninsula and the history of its inhabitants with a chart on the tribes of Arabia. With this work the author geographically represented Mecca as the central point, a navel of the global culture and history from the ancient times up to the present days. Other Subjects The pamphlets and fold-outs are bound together thematically and represent the cultures, history and geography of the World from its beginnings until the early 20th century. The manuscript units with maps, charts and illustrations describe subjects such as geology, time through the Ottoman time charts, astronomy and astrology, ancient cultures and monuments (Babylon, Mesopotamia, Ancient Greece, Baalbek etc.), old geographic representations, such as Tabula Peutingeriana and parts of Fra Mauro’s map, America on old maps, discoveries on America and later discoveries and explorations, thematic maps of the world and parts of the world etc. A large portion of the maps is dedicated to the Mediterranean Basement (ca 152 maps) and the Balkans, with the large Ottoman battles. The other maps focus on Asia, America (ca 5 maps of North America, 2 maps of Central America), other continents and the whole world (27 maps of the world). The author seems unattached an ambivalent to Istanbul and Turkey, as the region is almost neglected in the manuscripts, which is the opposite of the contemporary glorification of the newly founded Turkey and the magnificent history of Istanbul. Also hardly represented are the African regions, including the Muslim ones. It is possible, that the author spent most of his life on the Arabian Peninsula and was not attached to the cultural and political center Istanbul. Authorship and Date The author of the work is not signed, neither are the maps dated. According to the attached note, the collection was allegedly connected with the family of the Turkish writer Ahmed Cemil Akıncı (1914-1984). His father and a possible author, Abdürrahim Hilmi Bey (Sipahizâde) was of Sipahi origins from Rumelia and was educated at the Fatih Madrasa in Istanbul. Hilmi Bey was in charge for the railway and education in Egypt, Palestine, Syria and Hejaz, where he spent a large part of his life. This would explain the author’s unattachment to Istanbul and Turkey. The paper, style and material of the boxes indicate the late 1910s and 1920s. Some of the maps confirm this period of time: a series of thematic world maps (possibly drafted after a contemporary Ottoman atlas) showcase the world in 1915 (1331 Rumi years). An illustration from a magazine, representing a map A Child’s Map of the Ancient World, by Alice York and Ilonka Karasz, was published in 1926. It is the youngest dated document, which we could trace in the collection. References: Unrecorded. [S. l., s. d. Possibly Ottoman Empire / Turkey, late 1910s-1920s]. A magnificent hand-written privately assembled encyclopaedia of the World, affectionately assembled and curated by an enlightened Muslim scholar in the last years of the Ottoman Empire, with over 580 text pages and 380 hand drawn detailed maps with gilt highlights, represents Mecca as the Navel of the World and the connecting point between the ancient civilisations and culture and the modern East and West. Collation: 3 red privately custom-made boxes, constructed of thick card with red linen surface with debossed lettering and decoration, patterned paper mounted inside, each with a black cloth loop with a knot, edges originally reinforced with linen, some linen parts with details of manuscript maps, 9 x 14 x 20 cm (3.5 x 5.5 x 7.8 inches). The boxes contain: - 217 separate units of fold-outs (leporellos), pamphlets and maps composed of sheets of paper, privately joined with straps of linen, sporadically also with stripes of paper or bound together with a sting. Most units with 4-8 pp., but also single sheet units and pamphlets with up to 16 pp. manuscript text. Most of the text accompanied with manuscript maps, mostly mounted verso. Some manuscript maps on loose linen waxed paper. Also includes sporadic single prints from books and magazines and postcards, not edited by the author. - The 217 units include: - - Over 580 manuscript text pages, some with charts in text, plus additional text comments and keys. Black and red ink on paper of various quality and thick card, each 18 x 11,5 cm (7 x 4.5 inches) when folded. - - More than 380 manuscript maps, including multiple maps on one sheet and folding maps. The maps are mostly mounted or drawn on cards on the inner side of the fold-outs and pamphlets, on the back of the text sheets. Some manuscript maps on loose waxed linen paper sheets. Most of the maps are ornated with gilt highlights. Black, purple and red ink and water colours on paper and linen paper, from 18 x 11,5 cm to 18 x 44 cm (7 x 4.5 inches to 7 x 17.3 inches), mostly mounted on the back of text pages, but also loose sheets. - - More than 225 prints, mostly mounted in compositions with maps, pictorial panels and more than 35 collages. The prints of various, mostly small sizes include maps, lithographs, chromolithographs, steel engravings, wood-cuts, postcards (cut and uncut), photo-reproductions, illustrations from books and magazines etc. Some prints (mostly illustrations from books and postcards) are added as unedited and uncut sheets. The prints have been taken from mostly Ottoman, but also German, French and English publications. Various techniques, some with manuscript annotations in black ink or with hand colour. - Additional unsorted sheets of manuscript and illustrations. Condition report: Boxes with some staining and minor wear on the edges, manuscripts and maps overall in a good clean condition with minor staining, foxing and wear. Sporadic maps and manuscripts are left unfinished." (Alexander Johnson, 2020)

With a diameter of 43 inches, these 24 gores form the largest printed globe produced in the 19th century.Dimensions are sheet size., 24 globe gores on thin paper. Adolf Henze (1814-1883) was an important printing innovator, best known for Chirogrammatomantie. He published a number of numismatic, economic and scientific works as well as a huge terrestrial globe. Beginning in 1865, Henze published the magazine  ‘Illustrierter Anzeiger für Contor und Bureau’. Between 1885 and 1890 the magazine included at irregular  intervals the segments for a 106 cm large impressive German terrestrial globe. The completed strips could, if sent to the publisher, for a fee, be mounted onto a  sphere or supplied with a pneumatic kit to enable home assembly by inflation. "A TERRESTRIAL GLOBE 106 cm BY ADOLF HENZE, LEIPZIG 1891. A specimen of this globe can be found in the Duke of Ftirstenberg's castle In Donaueschingen near the source of the Danube. It stands In a collection of varia amongst penguins and pelicans, In the department of natural history. Coincidentally another one is in the director's room of the Museum of Natural History In Vienna. This globe, which Henze's publishers called a "giant globe", has an unusual origin. The publishers were engaged in numismatics and, beginning In 1865; edited a magazine entitled lllustrlrter Anzeiger fur Cantor und Bureau" (Illustrated magazine for office and premises). It was printed six times a year by Breitkopf & Haertl of Leipzig. It answered the merchant's questions about exchange rates, postal rules, new railway lines; dishonored bills and bonds, and copyright and patent matters and also gave descriptions of newly Issued coins. Particularly amusing to read were the stories of frauds. To make the magazine more attractive and to encourage continued subscription, supplements such as maps and conversion tables were included at no cost. In irregular intervals between 1885 and 1890 the 24 gores and 2 polar caps for a globe were added as supplements. These colour lithographs had been calculated for a globe of 106 cm diameter. The title reads "Henze's Erd-Globus Im Verhaltnis wie 1 : 12 Milllonen zur naturlichen Grosse" (Henze's Terrestrial Globe, Scale 1 : 12 mtll. to Natural Size) The patience of the subscribers was severely tried as ft took almost 6 years to collect the gores. The editors offered a folder to collect the gores. Then, In December 1890 the editors offered to make a globe out of the gores if the complete set was sent back. The cost was 30 Marks for a globe mounted on a stand, 27 marks for a sphere with pneumatic pump and 6 Marks for a ''balloon." New gores for section 1 through 4 were used (i.e. 0° to 60° East), showing the new German colonies In Africa. Official permission was given In January 1893 to sell the globe to non-sub-scribers. The new partially Improved globe cost from 70 to 75 Marks, depending upon the mounting. This price was much lower than the well known large globes of Reimer which measured 80 cm In diameter and cost between 210 and 396 Marks. Henze's globes were on sale in different forms (e.g. with a base, or to be hung from the ceiling, with a meridian and on axis; and with a lifting device). For the globe with base a space of about 2 x 2 m was required. The pneumatic globe, having a center rod, could be easily blown up within 2 minutes and the process could be repeated. No explanation for the inflation of such a globe has required, It could stand on a box, for example. Once this globe was varnished; it could not be deflated completely., but could be carried through doors of common width. From 1894 onwards another type was offered. A 54 x 31 cm box held an inflatible globe, which could easily be stored together with a box containing a pneumatic pump. Everything was durable and of the finest quality The fix mounted globes were made in two halves for easier transportation and were connected by 4 screws which protruded at the equator. In 1891 a handbook to accompany the globe appeared as a supplement to the magazine. The preface reads: The abnormal slze of the globe makes ft difficult to find places of given names. Therefore, an alphabetic list of all places with their coordinates and their locations on the gores is given. Some scientific and statistical information are noted as well to make the list less monotonous. The globe is In the scale of 1 : 12 mill. with gores printed In several colours on thin paper. The printing was done at Henze's workshop in Neustadt-Lelpzig. Growing commercial interest was taken into account; Telegraphic cables, ship lines with traveling time In days and hours, railroads .... especially the transcontinental ones In the USA and Siberia are shown on the gores of the first edition. Also shown were the African Free trade zones covering the later Kenya, German East-Africa, Burundi, Ruanda, the Congo plain, and the mouth of the Congo. After the establishment of the colonies the free trade in these zones was eliminated. On the mounted globes these free-zone boundaries cannot be found. Corrections were also made in the gores for German Southwest Africa on the exchanged gores. The drawing in regions where lesser commercial interest is presumed ore less exact (I.e. Greenland, North Canada and the Pacific Islands). In 1891 the date line was still shown between the Philippines and the Asiatic continent, although It was set at the current location In 1845. In 1889 the magazine had a distribution of 32,OOO. Occasionally one can find the attached gores at antique dealers. Mounted globes, due to their size, are apparently rare and only three specimens are known to the author. It would be of great Interest to know if globes of other diameters had been Issued by Henze." (Translation from German) (Werner Kummer, Journal for the Study of Globes and Related Instruments, 1990), Read two pages of magazine ‘Illustrierter Anzeiger für Contor und Bureau:" https://rumsey5.s3.amazonaws.com/Henze.pdf

With a diameter of 43 inches, these 24 gores form the largest printed globe produced in the 19th century.Dimensions are sheet size., 24 globe gores on thin paper. Adolf Henze (1814-1883) was an important printing innovator, best known for Chirogrammatomantie. He published a number of numismatic, economic and scientific works as well as a huge terrestrial globe. Beginning in 1865, Henze published the magazine  ‘Illustrierter Anzeiger für Contor und Bureau’. Between 1885 and 1890 the magazine included at irregular  intervals the segments for a 106 cm large impressive German terrestrial globe. The completed strips could, if sent to the publisher, for a fee, be mounted onto a  sphere or supplied with a pneumatic kit to enable home assembly by inflation. "A TERRESTRIAL GLOBE 106 cm BY ADOLF HENZE, LEIPZIG 1891. A specimen of this globe can be found in the Duke of Ftirstenberg's castle In Donaueschingen near the source of the Danube. It stands In a collection of varia amongst penguins and pelicans, In the department of natural history. Coincidentally another one is in the director's room of the Museum of Natural History In Vienna. This globe, which Henze's publishers called a "giant globe", has an unusual origin. The publishers were engaged in numismatics and, beginning In 1865; edited a magazine entitled lllustrlrter Anzeiger fur Cantor und Bureau" (Illustrated magazine for office and premises). It was printed six times a year by Breitkopf & Haertl of Leipzig. It answered the merchant's questions about exchange rates, postal rules, new railway lines; dishonored bills and bonds, and copyright and patent matters and also gave descriptions of newly Issued coins. Particularly amusing to read were the stories of frauds. To make the magazine more attractive and to encourage continued subscription, supplements such as maps and conversion tables were included at no cost. In irregular intervals between 1885 and 1890 the 24 gores and 2 polar caps for a globe were added as supplements. These colour lithographs had been calculated for a globe of 106 cm diameter. The title reads "Henze's Erd-Globus Im Verhaltnis wie 1 : 12 Milllonen zur naturlichen Grosse" (Henze's Terrestrial Globe, Scale 1 : 12 mtll. to Natural Size) The patience of the subscribers was severely tried as ft took almost 6 years to collect the gores. The editors offered a folder to collect the gores. Then, In December 1890 the editors offered to make a globe out of the gores if the complete set was sent back. The cost was 30 Marks for a globe mounted on a stand, 27 marks for a sphere with pneumatic pump and 6 Marks for a ''balloon." New gores for section 1 through 4 were used (i.e. 0° to 60° East), showing the new German colonies In Africa. Official permission was given In January 1893 to sell the globe to non-sub-scribers. The new partially Improved globe cost from 70 to 75 Marks, depending upon the mounting. This price was much lower than the well known large globes of Reimer which measured 80 cm In diameter and cost between 210 and 396 Marks. Henze's globes were on sale in different forms (e.g. with a base, or to be hung from the ceiling, with a meridian and on axis; and with a lifting device). For the globe with base a space of about 2 x 2 m was required. The pneumatic globe, having a center rod, could be easily blown up within 2 minutes and the process could be repeated. No explanation for the inflation of such a globe has required, It could stand on a box, for example. Once this globe was varnished; it could not be deflated completely., but could be carried through doors of common width. From 1894 onwards another type was offered. A 54 x 31 cm box held an inflatible globe, which could easily be stored together with a box containing a pneumatic pump. Everything was durable and of the finest quality The fix mounted globes were made in two halves for easier transportation and were connected by 4 screws which protruded at the equator. In 1891 a handbook to accompany the globe appeared as a supplement to the magazine. The preface reads: The abnormal slze of the globe makes ft difficult to find places of given names. Therefore, an alphabetic list of all places with their coordinates and their locations on the gores is given. Some scientific and statistical information are noted as well to make the list less monotonous. The globe is In the scale of 1 : 12 mill. with gores printed In several colours on thin paper. The printing was done at Henze's workshop in Neustadt-Lelpzig. Growing commercial interest was taken into account; Telegraphic cables, ship lines with traveling time In days and hours, railroads .... especially the transcontinental ones In the USA and Siberia are shown on the gores of the first edition. Also shown were the African Free trade zones covering the later Kenya, German East-Africa, Burundi, Ruanda, the Congo plain, and the mouth of the Congo. After the establishment of the colonies the free trade in these zones was eliminated. On the mounted globes these free-zone boundaries cannot be found. Corrections were also made in the gores for German Southwest Africa on the exchanged gores. The drawing in regions where lesser commercial interest is presumed ore less exact (I.e. Greenland, North Canada and the Pacific Islands). In 1891 the date line was still shown between the Philippines and the Asiatic continent, although It was set at the current location In 1845. In 1889 the magazine had a distribution of 32,OOO. Occasionally one can find the attached gores at antique dealers. Mounted globes, due to their size, are apparently rare and only three specimens are known to the author. It would be of great Interest to know if globes of other diameters had been Issued by Henze." (Translation from German) (Werner Kummer, Journal for the Study of Globes and Related Instruments, 1990), Read two pages of magazine ‘Illustrierter Anzeiger für Contor und Bureau:" https://rumsey5.s3.amazonaws.com/Henze.pdf

With a diameter of 43 inches, these 24 gores form the largest printed globe produced in the 19th century.Dimensions are sheet size., 24 globe gores on thin paper. Adolf Henze (1814-1883) was an important printing innovator, best known for Chirogrammatomantie. He published a number of numismatic, economic and scientific works as well as a huge terrestrial globe. Beginning in 1865, Henze published the magazine  ‘Illustrierter Anzeiger für Contor und Bureau’. Between 1885 and 1890 the magazine included at irregular  intervals the segments for a 106 cm large impressive German terrestrial globe. The completed strips could, if sent to the publisher, for a fee, be mounted onto a  sphere or supplied with a pneumatic kit to enable home assembly by inflation. "A TERRESTRIAL GLOBE 106 cm BY ADOLF HENZE, LEIPZIG 1891. A specimen of this globe can be found in the Duke of Ftirstenberg's castle In Donaueschingen near the source of the Danube. It stands In a collection of varia amongst penguins and pelicans, In the department of natural history. Coincidentally another one is in the director's room of the Museum of Natural History In Vienna. This globe, which Henze's publishers called a "giant globe", has an unusual origin. The publishers were engaged in numismatics and, beginning In 1865; edited a magazine entitled lllustrlrter Anzeiger fur Cantor und Bureau" (Illustrated magazine for office and premises). It was printed six times a year by Breitkopf & Haertl of Leipzig. It answered the merchant's questions about exchange rates, postal rules, new railway lines; dishonored bills and bonds, and copyright and patent matters and also gave descriptions of newly Issued coins. Particularly amusing to read were the stories of frauds. To make the magazine more attractive and to encourage continued subscription, supplements such as maps and conversion tables were included at no cost. In irregular intervals between 1885 and 1890 the 24 gores and 2 polar caps for a globe were added as supplements. These colour lithographs had been calculated for a globe of 106 cm diameter. The title reads "Henze's Erd-Globus Im Verhaltnis wie 1 : 12 Milllonen zur naturlichen Grosse" (Henze's Terrestrial Globe, Scale 1 : 12 mtll. to Natural Size) The patience of the subscribers was severely tried as ft took almost 6 years to collect the gores. The editors offered a folder to collect the gores. Then, In December 1890 the editors offered to make a globe out of the gores if the complete set was sent back. The cost was 30 Marks for a globe mounted on a stand, 27 marks for a sphere with pneumatic pump and 6 Marks for a ''balloon." New gores for section 1 through 4 were used (i.e. 0° to 60° East), showing the new German colonies In Africa. Official permission was given In January 1893 to sell the globe to non-sub-scribers. The new partially Improved globe cost from 70 to 75 Marks, depending upon the mounting. This price was much lower than the well known large globes of Reimer which measured 80 cm In diameter and cost between 210 and 396 Marks. Henze's globes were on sale in different forms (e.g. with a base, or to be hung from the ceiling, with a meridian and on axis; and with a lifting device). For the globe with base a space of about 2 x 2 m was required. The pneumatic globe, having a center rod, could be easily blown up within 2 minutes and the process could be repeated. No explanation for the inflation of such a globe has required, It could stand on a box, for example. Once this globe was varnished; it could not be deflated completely., but could be carried through doors of common width. From 1894 onwards another type was offered. A 54 x 31 cm box held an inflatible globe, which could easily be stored together with a box containing a pneumatic pump. Everything was durable and of the finest quality The fix mounted globes were made in two halves for easier transportation and were connected by 4 screws which protruded at the equator. In 1891 a handbook to accompany the globe appeared as a supplement to the magazine. The preface reads: The abnormal slze of the globe makes ft difficult to find places of given names. Therefore, an alphabetic list of all places with their coordinates and their locations on the gores is given. Some scientific and statistical information are noted as well to make the list less monotonous. The globe is In the scale of 1 : 12 mill. with gores printed In several colours on thin paper. The printing was done at Henze's workshop in Neustadt-Lelpzig. Growing commercial interest was taken into account; Telegraphic cables, ship lines with traveling time In days and hours, railroads .... especially the transcontinental ones In the USA and Siberia are shown on the gores of the first edition. Also shown were the African Free trade zones covering the later Kenya, German East-Africa, Burundi, Ruanda, the Congo plain, and the mouth of the Congo. After the establishment of the colonies the free trade in these zones was eliminated. On the mounted globes these free-zone boundaries cannot be found. Corrections were also made in the gores for German Southwest Africa on the exchanged gores. The drawing in regions where lesser commercial interest is presumed ore less exact (I.e. Greenland, North Canada and the Pacific Islands). In 1891 the date line was still shown between the Philippines and the Asiatic continent, although It was set at the current location In 1845. In 1889 the magazine had a distribution of 32,OOO. Occasionally one can find the attached gores at antique dealers. Mounted globes, due to their size, are apparently rare and only three specimens are known to the author. It would be of great Interest to know if globes of other diameters had been Issued by Henze." (Translation from German) (Werner Kummer, Journal for the Study of Globes and Related Instruments, 1990), Read two pages of magazine ‘Illustrierter Anzeiger für Contor und Bureau:" https://rumsey5.s3.amazonaws.com/Henze.pdf

With a diameter of 43 inches, these 24 gores form the largest printed globe produced in the 19th century.Dimensions are sheet size., 24 globe gores on thin paper. Adolf Henze (1814-1883) was an important printing innovator, best known for Chirogrammatomantie. He published a number of numismatic, economic and scientific works as well as a huge terrestrial globe. Beginning in 1865, Henze published the magazine  ‘Illustrierter Anzeiger für Contor und Bureau’. Between 1885 and 1890 the magazine included at irregular  intervals the segments for a 106 cm large impressive German terrestrial globe. The completed strips could, if sent to the publisher, for a fee, be mounted onto a  sphere or supplied with a pneumatic kit to enable home assembly by inflation. "A TERRESTRIAL GLOBE 106 cm BY ADOLF HENZE, LEIPZIG 1891. A specimen of this globe can be found in the Duke of Ftirstenberg's castle In Donaueschingen near the source of the Danube. It stands In a collection of varia amongst penguins and pelicans, In the department of natural history. Coincidentally another one is in the director's room of the Museum of Natural History In Vienna. This globe, which Henze's publishers called a "giant globe", has an unusual origin. The publishers were engaged in numismatics and, beginning In 1865; edited a magazine entitled lllustrlrter Anzeiger fur Cantor und Bureau" (Illustrated magazine for office and premises). It was printed six times a year by Breitkopf & Haertl of Leipzig. It answered the merchant's questions about exchange rates, postal rules, new railway lines; dishonored bills and bonds, and copyright and patent matters and also gave descriptions of newly Issued coins. Particularly amusing to read were the stories of frauds. To make the magazine more attractive and to encourage continued subscription, supplements such as maps and conversion tables were included at no cost. In irregular intervals between 1885 and 1890 the 24 gores and 2 polar caps for a globe were added as supplements. These colour lithographs had been calculated for a globe of 106 cm diameter. The title reads "Henze's Erd-Globus Im Verhaltnis wie 1 : 12 Milllonen zur naturlichen Grosse" (Henze's Terrestrial Globe, Scale 1 : 12 mtll. to Natural Size) The patience of the subscribers was severely tried as ft took almost 6 years to collect the gores. The editors offered a folder to collect the gores. Then, In December 1890 the editors offered to make a globe out of the gores if the complete set was sent back. The cost was 30 Marks for a globe mounted on a stand, 27 marks for a sphere with pneumatic pump and 6 Marks for a ''balloon." New gores for section 1 through 4 were used (i.e. 0° to 60° East), showing the new German colonies In Africa. Official permission was given In January 1893 to sell the globe to non-sub-scribers. The new partially Improved globe cost from 70 to 75 Marks, depending upon the mounting. This price was much lower than the well known large globes of Reimer which measured 80 cm In diameter and cost between 210 and 396 Marks. Henze's globes were on sale in different forms (e.g. with a base, or to be hung from the ceiling, with a meridian and on axis; and with a lifting device). For the globe with base a space of about 2 x 2 m was required. The pneumatic globe, having a center rod, could be easily blown up within 2 minutes and the process could be repeated. No explanation for the inflation of such a globe has required, It could stand on a box, for example. Once this globe was varnished; it could not be deflated completely., but could be carried through doors of common width. From 1894 onwards another type was offered. A 54 x 31 cm box held an inflatible globe, which could easily be stored together with a box containing a pneumatic pump. Everything was durable and of the finest quality The fix mounted globes were made in two halves for easier transportation and were connected by 4 screws which protruded at the equator. In 1891 a handbook to accompany the globe appeared as a supplement to the magazine. The preface reads: The abnormal slze of the globe makes ft difficult to find places of given names. Therefore, an alphabetic list of all places with their coordinates and their locations on the gores is given. Some scientific and statistical information are noted as well to make the list less monotonous. The globe is In the scale of 1 : 12 mill. with gores printed In several colours on thin paper. The printing was done at Henze's workshop in Neustadt-Lelpzig. Growing commercial interest was taken into account; Telegraphic cables, ship lines with traveling time In days and hours, railroads .... especially the transcontinental ones In the USA and Siberia are shown on the gores of the first edition. Also shown were the African Free trade zones covering the later Kenya, German East-Africa, Burundi, Ruanda, the Congo plain, and the mouth of the Congo. After the establishment of the colonies the free trade in these zones was eliminated. On the mounted globes these free-zone boundaries cannot be found. Corrections were also made in the gores for German Southwest Africa on the exchanged gores. The drawing in regions where lesser commercial interest is presumed ore less exact (I.e. Greenland, North Canada and the Pacific Islands). In 1891 the date line was still shown between the Philippines and the Asiatic continent, although It was set at the current location In 1845. In 1889 the magazine had a distribution of 32,OOO. Occasionally one can find the attached gores at antique dealers. Mounted globes, due to their size, are apparently rare and only three specimens are known to the author. It would be of great Interest to know if globes of other diameters had been Issued by Henze." (Translation from German) (Werner Kummer, Journal for the Study of Globes and Related Instruments, 1990), Read two pages of magazine ‘Illustrierter Anzeiger für Contor und Bureau:" https://rumsey5.s3.amazonaws.com/Henze.pdf

With a diameter of 43 inches, these 24 gores form the largest printed globe produced in the 19th century.Dimensions are sheet size., 24 globe gores on thin paper. Adolf Henze (1814-1883) was an important printing innovator, best known for Chirogrammatomantie. He published a number of numismatic, economic and scientific works as well as a huge terrestrial globe. Beginning in 1865, Henze published the magazine  ‘Illustrierter Anzeiger für Contor und Bureau’. Between 1885 and 1890 the magazine included at irregular  intervals the segments for a 106 cm large impressive German terrestrial globe. The completed strips could, if sent to the publisher, for a fee, be mounted onto a  sphere or supplied with a pneumatic kit to enable home assembly by inflation. "A TERRESTRIAL GLOBE 106 cm BY ADOLF HENZE, LEIPZIG 1891. A specimen of this globe can be found in the Duke of Ftirstenberg's castle In Donaueschingen near the source of the Danube. It stands In a collection of varia amongst penguins and pelicans, In the department of natural history. Coincidentally another one is in the director's room of the Museum of Natural History In Vienna. This globe, which Henze's publishers called a "giant globe", has an unusual origin. The publishers were engaged in numismatics and, beginning In 1865; edited a magazine entitled lllustrlrter Anzeiger fur Cantor und Bureau" (Illustrated magazine for office and premises). It was printed six times a year by Breitkopf & Haertl of Leipzig. It answered the merchant's questions about exchange rates, postal rules, new railway lines; dishonored bills and bonds, and copyright and patent matters and also gave descriptions of newly Issued coins. Particularly amusing to read were the stories of frauds. To make the magazine more attractive and to encourage continued subscription, supplements such as maps and conversion tables were included at no cost. In irregular intervals between 1885 and 1890 the 24 gores and 2 polar caps for a globe were added as supplements. These colour lithographs had been calculated for a globe of 106 cm diameter. The title reads "Henze's Erd-Globus Im Verhaltnis wie 1 : 12 Milllonen zur naturlichen Grosse" (Henze's Terrestrial Globe, Scale 1 : 12 mtll. to Natural Size) The patience of the subscribers was severely tried as ft took almost 6 years to collect the gores. The editors offered a folder to collect the gores. Then, In December 1890 the editors offered to make a globe out of the gores if the complete set was sent back. The cost was 30 Marks for a globe mounted on a stand, 27 marks for a sphere with pneumatic pump and 6 Marks for a ''balloon." New gores for section 1 through 4 were used (i.e. 0° to 60° East), showing the new German colonies In Africa. Official permission was given In January 1893 to sell the globe to non-sub-scribers. The new partially Improved globe cost from 70 to 75 Marks, depending upon the mounting. This price was much lower than the well known large globes of Reimer which measured 80 cm In diameter and cost between 210 and 396 Marks. Henze's globes were on sale in different forms (e.g. with a base, or to be hung from the ceiling, with a meridian and on axis; and with a lifting device). For the globe with base a space of about 2 x 2 m was required. The pneumatic globe, having a center rod, could be easily blown up within 2 minutes and the process could be repeated. No explanation for the inflation of such a globe has required, It could stand on a box, for example. Once this globe was varnished; it could not be deflated completely., but could be carried through doors of common width. From 1894 onwards another type was offered. A 54 x 31 cm box held an inflatible globe, which could easily be stored together with a box containing a pneumatic pump. Everything was durable and of the finest quality The fix mounted globes were made in two halves for easier transportation and were connected by 4 screws which protruded at the equator. In 1891 a handbook to accompany the globe appeared as a supplement to the magazine. The preface reads: The abnormal slze of the globe makes ft difficult to find places of given names. Therefore, an alphabetic list of all places with their coordinates and their locations on the gores is given. Some scientific and statistical information are noted as well to make the list less monotonous. The globe is In the scale of 1 : 12 mill. with gores printed In several colours on thin paper. The printing was done at Henze's workshop in Neustadt-Lelpzig. Growing commercial interest was taken into account; Telegraphic cables, ship lines with traveling time In days and hours, railroads .... especially the transcontinental ones In the USA and Siberia are shown on the gores of the first edition. Also shown were the African Free trade zones covering the later Kenya, German East-Africa, Burundi, Ruanda, the Congo plain, and the mouth of the Congo. After the establishment of the colonies the free trade in these zones was eliminated. On the mounted globes these free-zone boundaries cannot be found. Corrections were also made in the gores for German Southwest Africa on the exchanged gores. The drawing in regions where lesser commercial interest is presumed ore less exact (I.e. Greenland, North Canada and the Pacific Islands). In 1891 the date line was still shown between the Philippines and the Asiatic continent, although It was set at the current location In 1845. In 1889 the magazine had a distribution of 32,OOO. Occasionally one can find the attached gores at antique dealers. Mounted globes, due to their size, are apparently rare and only three specimens are known to the author. It would be of great Interest to know if globes of other diameters had been Issued by Henze." (Translation from German) (Werner Kummer, Journal for the Study of Globes and Related Instruments, 1990), Read two pages of magazine ‘Illustrierter Anzeiger für Contor und Bureau:" https://rumsey5.s3.amazonaws.com/Henze.pdf

Hand colored map of Africa, printed on paper, with decorative vignette views with descriptive text. Shows political divisions, major cities and towns. Includes possessions of colonies, statistical tables and notes. Prime meridian is Paris., Two sets of eight identical maps of the world, An early edition of the French language version of the first commercial set of relief maps intended for teaching purposes. A landmark in geographical education. Set includes the six continents and Germany, each 23x28 at neatline. One set in 3 D raised relief, printed and stamped on card stock, each map mounted on a paper-covered frame of thin wooden dowels. The other set, 2D, printed on paper, loose in a light-blue glazed paper. Both sets in printed color though in different schemes, the paper maps with some added hand color, showing cities and towns, rivers and mountains, notes and statistics. Relief shown pictorially on some maps. The sets placed together in a contemporary drop-front box covered with blue paste-paper. The relief maps emphasize physical and geographical features, and sheet maps political divisions. See our 2490.000 for Sonnenschein and Allen's Relief Atlas of 1880., Phillips, Atlases, vol. IV p. 38.

3D raised relief map of Africa, with decorative vignette with descriptive text. Shows major cities and towns. Includes possessions of colonies, statistical table, and notes. Prime meridian is Paris., Two sets of eight identical maps of the world, An early edition of the French language version of the first commercial set of relief maps intended for teaching purposes. A landmark in geographical education. Set includes the six continents and Germany, each 23x28 at neatline. One set in 3 D raised relief, printed and stamped on card stock, each map mounted on a paper-covered frame of thin wooden dowels. The other set, 2D, printed on paper, loose in a light-blue glazed paper. Both sets in printed color though in different schemes, the paper maps with some added hand color, showing cities and towns, rivers and mountains, notes and statistics. Relief shown pictorially on some maps. The sets placed together in a contemporary drop-front box covered with blue paste-paper. The relief maps emphasize physical and geographical features, and sheet maps political divisions. See our 2490.000 for Sonnenschein and Allen's Relief Atlas of 1880., Phillips, Atlases, vol. IV p. 38.

First edition of Arrowsmith atlas published in 1817. Although the maps are not large, they are dense with information. This complete atlas features index and 53 copperplate maps, drawn by Arrowsmith and engraved by Sidney Hall, with a few engraved by Thomson in collaboration with Hall. The maps include two world, 29 related to Europe and Scandinavia, 16 on Asia, Africa, and Oceania, and six related to the Americas. The United States map shows Georgia extending from the coast to the Mississippi River. The area west of the Mississippi is blank and labeled Louisiana. Engraved title page has Atlas holding the globe above two putti, one sailing a dingy, the other engaged in cartographic studies with a globe, map and dividers. Hardbound with marbled paper and original paper label printed with "Arrowsmith's New General Atlas Comprehended in Fifty three Maps From Original Drawings. Price L 2,12,6. coloured". Black leather spine has a label embossed with "Atlas (18)17" in gilt. Maps have original outline color, with many tissue guards still in place., First edition of Arrowsmith atlas published in 1817. This complete atlas features index and 53 copperplate maps, drawn by Arrowsmith and engraved by Sidney Hall, with a few engraved by Thomson in collaboration with Hall. The maps include two world, 29 related to Europe and Scandinavia, 16 on Asia, Africa, and Oceania, and six related to the Americas. The United States map shows Georgia extending from the coast to the Mississippi River. The area west of the Mississippi is blank and labeled Louisiana. Engraved title page has Atlas holding the globe above two putti, one sailing a dingy, the other engaged in cartographic studies with a globe, map and dividers. Hardbound with marbled paper and original paper label printed with "Arrowsmith's New General Atlas Comprehended in Fifty three Maps From Original Drawings. Price L 2,12,6. coloured". Black leather spine has a label embossed with "Atlas (18)17" in gilt. Maps have original outline color, with many tissue guards still in place.

Full col. Relief shown by hachures. Prime meridian: Paris. On globe in cartouche: Sphericite de la terre. Inset maps: I. de Ascension -- I. Ste. Helene -- Iles Mascareignes ou I. de la Reunion ou Bourbon, et I. de France, ou Maurice -- Iles Ste. Marie ou Nossi-Bourah -- Ile Mayotte -- Ile Nossi-Be -- Iles Seychelles et Iles Amirantes., This atlas is exceptional for its "spheroidal" maps of the globe, showing the various continents and poles, shaded to give the effect of a sphere floating in space. The remaining maps are also very well executed and colored, mostly by hand, a few in colored litho. In recent years, this atlas has become rare in the trade. This is the only atlas that Garnier produced, according to Phillips. Tooley lists an 1860 edition. Covers are quarter leather marbled paper covered boards with a paper label; the burgundy leather spine is embossed with "F.A. Garnier. Atlas Universel et Spheroidal de Geographie" in gilt. On verso of half-title: Paris -- Imprimerie de P.-A. Bourdier et Cie., Rue Mazarine, 30., Phillips, 836.

Full col. Relief shown by hachures. Shows shipping routes. Prime meridian: Paris. On globe in cartouche: Sphericite de la terre., This atlas is exceptional for its "spheroidal" maps of the globe, showing the various continents and poles, shaded to give the effect of a sphere floating in space. The remaining maps are also very well executed and colored, mostly by hand, a few in colored litho. In recent years, this atlas has become rare in the trade. This is the only atlas that Garnier produced, according to Phillips. Tooley lists an 1860 edition. Covers are quarter leather marbled paper covered boards with a paper label; the burgundy leather spine is embossed with "F.A. Garnier. Atlas Universel et Spheroidal de Geographie" in gilt. On verso of half-title: Paris -- Imprimerie de P.-A. Bourdier et Cie., Rue Mazarine, 30., Phillips, 836.

Full col. Relief shown by hachures. Prime meridian: Paris. On globe in cartouche: Sphericite de la terre., This atlas is exceptional for its "spheroidal" maps of the globe, showing the various continents and poles, shaded to give the effect of a sphere floating in space. The remaining maps are also very well executed and colored, mostly by hand, a few in colored litho. In recent years, this atlas has become rare in the trade. This is the only atlas that Garnier produced, according to Phillips. Tooley lists an 1860 edition. Covers are quarter leather marbled paper covered boards with a paper label; the burgundy leather spine is embossed with "F.A. Garnier. Atlas Universel et Spheroidal de Geographie" in gilt. On verso of half-title: Paris -- Imprimerie de P.-A. Bourdier et Cie., Rue Mazarine, 30., Phillips, 836.

Full col. Relief shown by hachures. Prime meridian: Paris. On globe in cartouche: Sphericite de la terre., This atlas is exceptional for its "spheroidal" maps of the globe, showing the various continents and poles, shaded to give the effect of a sphere floating in space. The remaining maps are also very well executed and colored, mostly by hand, a few in colored litho. In recent years, this atlas has become rare in the trade. This is the only atlas that Garnier produced, according to Phillips. Tooley lists an 1860 edition. Covers are quarter leather marbled paper covered boards with a paper label; the burgundy leather spine is embossed with "F.A. Garnier. Atlas Universel et Spheroidal de Geographie" in gilt. On verso of half-title: Paris -- Imprimerie de P.-A. Bourdier et Cie., Rue Mazarine, 30., Phillips, 836.

Full col. Relief shown by hachures. Prime meridian: Paris. On globe in cartouche: Sphericite de la terre., This atlas is exceptional for its "spheroidal" maps of the globe, showing the various continents and poles, shaded to give the effect of a sphere floating in space. The remaining maps are also very well executed and colored, mostly by hand, a few in colored litho. In recent years, this atlas has become rare in the trade. This is the only atlas that Garnier produced, according to Phillips. Tooley lists an 1860 edition. Covers are quarter leather marbled paper covered boards with a paper label; the burgundy leather spine is embossed with "F.A. Garnier. Atlas Universel et Spheroidal de Geographie" in gilt. On verso of half-title: Paris -- Imprimerie de P.-A. Bourdier et Cie., Rue Mazarine, 30., Phillips, 836.

Full col. Relief shown hachures. Prime meridian: Paris. On globe in cartouche: Sphericite de la terre., This atlas is exceptional for its "spheroidal" maps of the globe, showing the various continents and poles, shaded to give the effect of a sphere floating in space. The remaining maps are also very well executed and colored, mostly by hand, a few in colored litho. In recent years, this atlas has become rare in the trade. This is the only atlas that Garnier produced, according to Phillips. Tooley lists an 1860 edition. Covers are quarter leather marbled paper covered boards with a paper label; the burgundy leather spine is embossed with "F.A. Garnier. Atlas Universel et Spheroidal de Geographie" in gilt. On verso of half-title: Paris -- Imprimerie de P.-A. Bourdier et Cie., Rue Mazarine, 30., Phillips, 836.

Engraved outline hand color map. Inset: Libya. Relief shown pictorially., Cummings’ Atlas, published by Cummings and Hilliard. A very well printed edition of the same eight modern maps as the "School Atlas" (6th edition) plus thirteen ancient maps and a plan of the Temple of Jerusalem. Outline hand color maps, engraved by M. Butler, T. W. Wightman, and W. B. Annin. Showing political and administrative divisions, major cities and town, rivers, canals, lakes and mountains. Relief shown by hachures and pictorially. Prime meridian: Greenwich. The plate marks are clearer and the impressions much stronger and the paper better than the school atlas. The content on title page listing 2 fewer ancient maps. Covers are half leather, marbled paper covered boards with no title.

Map of Africa and vicinity. Shows political boundaries, cities, railroads, routes, mines, topography, deserts, major lakes and drainage, coastlines and islands. Relief shown with hachures. Includes latitudinal and longitudinal lines, as well as a compass rose and bar scale, given in British statute miles. Descriptive text throughout, such as: Extensive forests in which are found the largest elephants in Africa. Hand-colored engraving, including illustration of clouds and sunbeams behind title. Map is 28 x 22 cm, on sheet 34 x 26 cm., Pawley's minor atlas, published in London by G. and W. B. Whittaker, 1822. Bound in board, covered with faded red and blue marbled papers. End papers comprised of the same marbling, but not faded. With leather spine and corners. Gilded spine title: Pawley's minor atlas. Collation: 2° : [1] page, [2] plates, I-XXXVI, [XXXVII], XXXVIII-XLIII leaves of plates, [1] page. First and last pages are blank. Forty-three plates containing 43 maps. All double plates except for II-V. Engraved title page and index. Title page dated 1822; Index and all maps dated 1819, with the exception of the map on plate XVII, which is dated 1823. Maps dated 1819 have the imprint Pinnock & Co. Strand or Pinnock & Maunder Strand. Maps show political boundaries, cities, railroads, routes, topography, deserts, vegetation, major lakes and drainage, coastlines and islands. Maps of North America also feature the indigenous peoples living therein. Maps include latitudinal and longitudinal lines, as well as compass roses, bar scales and historical notes. Hand-colored engravings.

Color maps. Accompanied by text, ills., and location map. Relief shown pictorially and by hachures. With paper dust jacket. On the jacket it states that this is an "entirely new kind of atlas - A beautiful and informative book of 'global' maps, giving a plane's-eye view of tomorrow's geography...", Maps in color. With paper dust jacket. On the jacket it states that this is an "entirely new kind of atlas - A beautiful and informative book of 'global' maps, giving a plane's-eye view of tomorrow's geography..." Inside dust jacket's back cover: short biography of Dr. Edwin Raisz, Photo by Backarch. Raisz perfected a unique style of hand drawn cartography that was a great contribution to 20th century cartography. More information about him may be found at www. raiszmaps.com, P7191.

Color maps. Accompanied by text, colored references and ills. Relief shown pictorially and by hachures. With paper dust jacket. On the jacket it states that this is an "entirely new kind of atlas - A beautiful and informative book of 'global' maps, giving a plane's-eye view of tomorrow's geography...", Maps in color. With paper dust jacket. On the jacket it states that this is an "entirely new kind of atlas - A beautiful and informative book of 'global' maps, giving a plane's-eye view of tomorrow's geography..." Inside dust jacket's back cover: short biography of Dr. Edwin Raisz, Photo by Backarch. Raisz perfected a unique style of hand drawn cartography that was a great contribution to 20th century cartography. More information about him may be found at www. raiszmaps.com, P7191.

Remainder of study of Africa, including Nubia. Northern States. Western Africa. And Colony Of Good Hope. The Half leather, marbled paper covered boards, with gold title on spine - "Juvenile Atlas. 1814., With H.S. Tanner and John Vallance. Catalogue of Melish's publications. This is Melish's first school atlas, following in 1816, 1818, and 1820 by Melish's Universal School Atlas which uses seven of these maps, omitting England, Scotland, and Ireland, and adding a Hemispherical World Map (see our 4519.000 for the 1820 edition). Half leather, marbled paper covered boards, with gold title on spine - "Juvenile Atlas. 1814.", P4307

Remainder of study of Africa including Synopsis Of Africa. This page includes a text to the study Of The United States. The Half leather, marbled paper covered boards, with gold title on spine - "Juvenile Atlas. 1814., With H.S. Tanner and John Vallance. Catalogue of Melish's publications. This is Melish's first school atlas, following in 1816, 1818, and 1820 by Melish's Universal School Atlas which uses seven of these maps, omitting England, Scotland, and Ireland, and adding a Hemispherical World Map (see our 4519.000 for the 1820 edition). Half leather, marbled paper covered boards, with gold title on spine - "Juvenile Atlas. 1814.", P4307

Remainder of study of Africa including Islands Of Western Africa. Eastern Africa. Islands of Eastern Africa. And Of Central Africa. The Half leather, marbled paper covered boards, with gold title on spine - "Juvenile Atlas. 1814., With H.S. Tanner and John Vallance. Catalogue of Melish's publications. This is Melish's first school atlas, following in 1816, 1818, and 1820 by Melish's Universal School Atlas which uses seven of these maps, omitting England, Scotland, and Ireland, and adding a Hemispherical World Map (see our 4519.000 for the 1820 edition). Half leather, marbled paper covered boards, with gold title on spine - "Juvenile Atlas. 1814.", P4307

Text includes a study of Africa in General, Abyssinia. And Egypt. The Half leather, marbled paper covered boards, with gold title on spine - "Juvenile Atlas. 1814.", With H.S. Tanner and John Vallance. Catalogue of Melish's publications. This is Melish's first school atlas, following in 1816, 1818, and 1820 by Melish's Universal School Atlas which uses seven of these maps, omitting England, Scotland, and Ireland, and adding a Hemispherical World Map (see our 4519.000 for the 1820 edition). Half leather, marbled paper covered boards, with gold title on spine - "Juvenile Atlas. 1814.", P4307

Full color and outline colored map. Followed by four pages of text discussing a study of Africa in General and African countries. The Half leather, marbled paper covered boards, with gold title on spine - "Juvenile Atlas. 1814." Relief shown by hachures., With H.S. Tanner and John Vallance. Catalogue of Melish's publications. This is Melish's first school atlas, following in 1816, 1818, and 1820 by Melish's Universal School Atlas which uses seven of these maps, omitting England, Scotland, and Ireland, and adding a Hemispherical World Map (see our 4519.000 for the 1820 edition). Half leather, marbled paper covered boards, with gold title on spine - "Juvenile Atlas. 1814.", P4307

2 engraved outline hand color maps on 1 sheet. Shows political boundaries, major cities, mountain ranges, lakes, and rivers. Relief shown by hachures., Although this lacks a title page and index, it is a collection of maps that closely corresponds to Meyer's Zeittungs und Groschen Atlas. The maps are dated from 1832 to 1854, with the largest number dated between 1849 and 1852. There are six detailed maps of groups of the United States, including an interesting "Californien, Texas und die Territorien New Mexico u. Utah" of 1852 that shows the gold region in California and has a Texas truncated by an enlarged New Mexico. The bound order of the maps is puzzling, seeming to skip around from country to country with no obvious logic - however, there is a manuscript index listing all the maps and the pages are also numbered in ms. Also there are 5 pages of manuscript index placed in the atlas listing the maps in detail. The maps are of the highest Meyer quality and, although small, packed with information. Outline color. Atlas is bound in half leather marbled paper covered boards with a paper label reading "Schwartz" in ms., Espenhorst 3.1.2.1.; not in Phillips.

Engraved map. Boundaries outline hand colored. Relief shown by hachures., Although this lacks a title page and index, it is a collection of maps that closely corresponds to Meyer's Zeittungs und Groschen Atlas. The maps are dated from 1832 to 1854, with the largest number dated between 1849 and 1852. There are six detailed maps of groups of the United States, including an interesting "Californien, Texas und die Territorien New Mexico u. Utah" of 1852 that shows the gold region in California and has a Texas truncated by an enlarged New Mexico. The bound order of the maps is puzzling, seeming to skip around from country to country with no obvious logic - however, there is a manuscript index listing all the maps and the pages are also numbered in ms. Also there are 5 pages of manuscript index placed in the atlas listing the maps in detail. The maps are of the highest Meyer quality and, although small, packed with information. Outline color. Atlas is bound in half leather marbled paper covered boards with a paper label reading "Schwartz" in ms., Espenhorst 3.1.2.1.; not in Phillips.

Lithographed. Relief shown with hachures. Table of Possessions of the European Powers and the United States. Insets of Liberia and Monrovia., This is a unique copy of the Mitchell/Tanner Universal Atlas. Frederick Bourquin and his employer, Peter Duval, received a Third Premium Award from the Franklin Institute in November, 1848, for their achievement in transferring the Universal Atlas from copper plates to lithographic stones. The catalog of the exhibition lists it as "No. 52. Universal Atlas in folio, a most beautiful specimen of the art of transferring and lithographic printing, from the press of P.S. Duval, Philadelphia, transferred by Bourquin." This copy of the atlas was their submission to the Franklin Institute to be considered for the award. It is made up of sheets from the atlas, all uncolored, all oversized, and all taken from various editions of the atlas from 1846 to 1848 (one map is dated 1849, but we believe it was issued in late 1848). It appears that these sheets were offprints that remained in the lithographer's shop and that the atlas was made up from them. Atlas is bound in half leather marbled paper covered boards with leather label on the front reading "Atlas Transferred From Copper To And Printed From Stone By Frederick Bourquin." The atlas stayed with the Franklin Institute, each page having the Institute's stamp on it, and was eventually sold by the Institute in the mid twentieth century. There are several erasures of dates that are earlier than 1848 (perhaps an attempt to make the book seem up to date) and several erasures of Tanner's name (on the title page) to conform to the fact that in 1848 this was known as Mitchell's atlas. The map borders vary between the "Mitchell" and the "Tanner" borders. And the paper thickness and quality varies as well. These sheets may have been some of the first "pulls" of each map in the various 1846-48 editions. This is a fascinating compilation and throws light on the transition in printing from copper plate to lithographic stone., Ristow p. 311 (award actually received in 1848).

Map is hand painted with outline color. Includes references to European settlements, missionary stations, cities, capitals, large towns, small towns. Figures 1,2,3, refers to classes, universities. Covers are marbled paper covered cardboard 25x16 with a paper label printed with title "Woodbridge's Larger Atlas. Atlas On A New Plan, Exhibiting The Prevailing Religions, Forms Of Government, Degrees Of Civilization, And The Comparative Size Of Towns, Rivers And Mountains. By William C. Woodbridge, A.M. ... Hartford: Published by Samuel G. Goodrich." in black. Prime meridian is Greenwich. Relief shown by hachures., Maps say "Engraved for Woodbridge's Rudiments of Geography." Earliest Woodbridge atlas we have seen. The World in Hemispheres map does not show Palmer's land off South America. The title says "Larger Atlas" while the maps mention "Rudiments" so the use of this book is transitional - it has the same group of maps as Rudiments of Geography, which was published first in 1821. The advertisement in the back of the book clarifies things: "The following atlas was originally prepared to accompany the 'Rudiments of Geography'...The whole have been revised, and some additions made, to adapt them to a work on the same general plan with the "Rudiments," which is now preparing for the higher classes of schools." Thus this book is the first edition of Woodbridge's Modern Atlas, which did not come out in final form until late 1824 (that is when the text is copyrighted)-and this book may have served as Woodbridge's more "advanced" atlas until late 1824 when the Modern Atlas was first issued. Maps are hand painted with outline color or are without color. Covers are marbled paper covered cardboard 25x16 with a paper label printed with the above title in black., P336.

Detailed map, with outline colored boundaries. With a vignette "Sacrificing at the spring of the Nile". The atlas is the second edition and includes the extra map of the Arctic and two extra maps of Australia. The text adds a section on Voyages of Discovery. Two additional maps are laid in, one of South America, the other of Mexico. Each map has a small vignette illustrating a subject related to the map. Half leather paper-covered boards with label pasted on front printed with title. Prime meridian is Greenwich. Relief shown pictorially., This is the second edition and includes the extra map of the Arctic and two extra maps of Australia. The text adds a section on Voyages of Discovery. Two additional maps are laid in, one of South America, the other of Mexico. Half leather paper-covered boards with label pasted on front printed with title., cfP6043.

In full color by country or region., The first edition. One of the finest American atlases. Original parts bound together, but without the original paper wraps. Part 1 is P4463 (copy 3); Part 2,3,4,&5 is P4462 (copy 2). The various parts have been colored differently, indicating that they were bound together as an atlas after being issued separately. Many of the maps have been trimmed close by the original binder. Tanner updated the maps frequently over the next decade, and issued several editions or compilations of the atlas with the title pages dated 1823 or 1825, but with some of the maps dated as late as 1833. The collation of our five issues shows that no two copies are alike and that the maps were being constantly updated; however the choice of maps for each edition reveals a somewhat haphazard approach with some of the earliest states of a particular map appearing the one of the later atlas editions. A completely revised edition was issued in 1839, with the title page and most of the maps dated 1839 (see P1382). Atlas is bound in half leather marbled paper covered boards with "Tanner's American Atlas" stamped in gilt on a front leather label., P4463/P4462.

Text provides a history and description of Africa. Full color map. Relief shown with sketches., This is the first American edition which is based on the 1817 London edition published by J. Barfield (see our 1814 Barfield edition). Full color. Bound in half leather brown boards with gold stamped title on the spine reading "Lavoisne. Genealogical, Historical, Chronological And Geographical Atlas.", cfP131.