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The article describes the process of making paper between the 15th and early 19th centuries. It outlines the process which consists of sorting of discarded rags, soaking of rags in water until decomposed, pulping in a stamping mill, washing of pulp until it becomes white and clean of impurities and microbes, molding, pressing and drying, sizing and application of protective layer, bathing in emulsion, polishing and smoothing.

The article discusses the history of the pith paper or rice paper. Also cited are how Scottish plant collector Robert Fortune allegedly discovered the rice-paper plant in Formosa (Taiwan) in the 1850s, how the paper was produced from the pith of Tetrapanax papyrifer, and the pith paper painting collections of flowers, birds, boats and Chinese ladies by American merchant Nathan Dunn.

The article focuses on the dual role of books in times of conflict, emphasizing their potential to not only be victims of war but also potent tools for propaganda and ideology. Topics include the rise of Adolf Hitler's "Mein Kampf" as a bestseller during Nazi Germany, its various translations, censorship during wartime, and the complex impact of books in shaping public opinion and ideology during conflicts.

The Muslim world adopted paper centuries before Christian Europe. Knowledge of its production spread from Moorish Andalusia across Europe in the 13th century. But, as cheaper western technology took the Mediterranean paper industry away from the traditional Muslim centres and 'Christian' paper with potential 'impurities' started circulating in the Muslim world, an Islamic scholar came up with an unexpected ruling on whether the faithful could accept the use of such material. Extensive research on the topic has been carried out by Leor Halevi, Associate Professor in the History of Islam at Vanderbilt University, Tennessee, who published his latest findings in the journal Speculum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mary Tudor (r. 1553-58), the last Catholic monarch of England, died early on the morning of November 17th, 1558, at St James's Palace in London. Several miles away at Hatfield [...]

Traces the images of the union and rival nationalisms on the paper money of the British Isles. First occasion on which paper money was produced for circulation throughout the four nations of Great Britain; Features of the currency notes issued by the Bank of England in 1928; Reasons behind the fondness of Scottish banks' for the presence of pre-1801 flag in notes.

As an American I might say that my translating a memoir of a 'boss' in Stalin's Gulag was pure chance, but if I were Russian, I would no doubt say [...]

As students digest their GCSE and A-Level results, they might be surprised to learn that the origins of the examination system date back 150 years to the 'Locals' set for [...]

There are still few books on German nineteenth- and twentieth-century history which fail to mention the German Sonderweg, i.e. the idea that Germany followed a different, more illiberal path into [...]

The first part of the State Papers Online Project was completed last November when 200 volumes of papers containing a complete collection of the Domestic State Papers from Henry VIII […]

Cambridge University Press x + 321 pp. 35 £ * Two great historians of a conservative frame of mind look back not in anger but at times with pique. The [...]

As to the child that TM had by Melia, my wife hath wrote to Miss Rice to take care of her and when Dr Mills comes home I intend to […]

The article explores how State-run collections of historical documents are prone to work of historians, depends on the study and interpretation of documents. Topics include consult materials in the papers of the Political Warfare Executive, a secret service established during the Second World War with the mission of spreading propaganda to enemy-occupied territories; covert introduction of forged documents into official government files goes under examination of documents and handwritings.

The article examines the history of the rise and decline of public repositories of knowledge and learned societies in Great Britain in the 19th-century. Topics discussed include the founding of the Literary and Philosophical Society or Lit & Phils, the society's emphasis on teaching skills, systemic education and promiscuous learning, tax exemption of learned societies under the Scientific Societies Bill, and Lit & Phils as testament to the prosperity of individual towns and cities.

The article provides an overview of the history of bank notes in Burma and discusses why the people in the country often refuse bills which have stains, tears, creases, or marks. Money was only introduced in the nineteenth-century when Burma became part of British India. Prior to this period, Burma relied on a barter economy. In the 1880s, banks in Burma only issued money that was clean, although it would accept used bills from depositors, setting a national preference for clean paper money.

The article addresses the various obstacles between women who were married to King Henry VIII of England and their biographers. Topics include the problem with writing the history of these women, the lack of source materials on Henry VIII's queens including Anne of Cleves and Kateryn Parr, and the reliance of many historians who have written about the queens on the "Letters and Papers, Foreign and Domestic of the Reign of Henry VIII" state papers.

The article examines the failure of attempts by the U.S. and French governments to buy favourable coverage in British periodicals. Topics covered include the takeover of the "Spectator" by Americans Benjamin Moran and his friend James McHenry, French emperor Napoleon III's attempt to control the pages of the "Morning Chronicle," and the changes to the "Spectator" following the takeover of military expert George Hooper.

Provides information on several books about Jacobites. 'The Butcher,' by W.A. Speck; 'Collected Papers on the Jacobite Rising,' by Rupert C. Jarvis; 'The History of Parliament. The House of Commons 1715-1754,' edited by Romney Sedgwick.

The author introduces the new International Baccalaureate (IB) program and examines its advantages and disadvantages compared with A-Level studies (AS). He states that History at IB is a two-year course which has no external assessment element midway through the course unlike the AS/A2 model. He notes that one of the disadvantages of IB before the new syllabus was introduced was that it only allowed for the study of Modern History.

The article discusses the history of the 1872 Ballot Act which transformed the elections and voting practices in Great Britain. Topics explored include the theatrics and violence associated with the British parliamentary elections prior to the approval of the Ballot Act which involves the use of a secret ballot, the previous procedures for nominating political candidates, and the recorded increase in polling places after the implementation of a formal voter registration system in the country.

The article discusses the history and use of anatomical pop-up books. Topics explored include the recognition earned by the first pop-up illustrations by engraver Heinrich Vogtherr in Germany in 1538, the publication of the book "Tabulae," by anatomist Andreas Vesalius in 1538 for the benefit of medical students, and the illustrations of the human body with information about the organ system featured in these books.