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Civil Rights Act was a turning point in the decades-long struggle against segregation and discrimination. When U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson signed the legislation into law on July 2, 1964, America took one step closer to becoming a country which truly judges not by the color of skin but by the content of character. However, the Civil Rights Act was not something that simply happened, nor was it something that happened simply. It was one step in a long and difficult Civil Rights Movement, one stained with the blood and built upon the sweat of those Americans whose dedication to liberty and equality was stronger than that to their own self-preservation. America celebrates 40th anniversary of the Act in 2004.

Discusses the constitutional rights of the people against congressional mandates. Effects of federal mandates on state spending; Application of the 10th Amendment to the US Constitution; Advocacy to state governments for the formation of Conference of the States to prevent federal interloping.