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The authors emphasizes the importance of U.S. military presence missions in allied key regions as a warfighting defense strategy. Topics discussed include the challenges of shaping perceptions in the deterrence of adversaries and the narrowing American military advantages due to advancements in capabilities of other major power adversaries such as China and Russia. Measures to strengthen warfighting capabilities of forward-deployed forces and tactical technology research are also suggested.

In this paper we have analyzed scaling properties and cyclical behavior of the three types of stock market indexes (SMI) time series: data belonging to stock markets of developed economies, emerging economies, and of the underdeveloped or transitional economies. We have used two techniques of data analysis to obtain and verify our findings: the wavelet transform (WT) spectral analysis to identify cycles in the SMI returns data, and the time-dependent detrended moving average (tdDMA) analysis to investigate local behavior around market cycles and trends. We found cyclical behavior in all SMI data sets that we have analyzed. Moreover, the positions and the boundaries of cyclical intervals that we found seam to be common for all markets in our dataset. We list and illustrate the presence of nine such periods in our SMI data. We report on the possibilities to differentiate between the level of growth of the analyzed markets by way of statistical analysis of the properties of wavelet spectra that characterize particular peak behaviors. Our results show that measures like the relative WT energy content and the relative WT amplitude of the peaks in the small scales region could be used to partially differentiate between market economies. Finally, we propose a way to quantify the level of development of a stock market based on estimation of local complexity of market’s SMI series. From the local scaling exponents calculated for our nine peak regions we have defined what we named the Development Index, which proved, at least in the case of our dataset, to be suitable to rank the SMI series that we have analyzed in three distinct groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers the authors insights on their paper entitled "The Conceptual Penis as a Social Construct: A Sokal-Style Hoax on Gender Studies." Topics discussed include the argument on the use of the conceptual penis as gender performative, the issue of masculinity, and the problems in peer-review system on gender studies.

In recent times, there has been an increased interest in theories of language evolution that have an applicability to the study of dialect formation, linguistic change, creolization, the origin of language, and animal and robot communication systems in general. One particular question that has attracted some interest has the following general form: how might a group of linguistic agents arrive at a shared communication system purely through local patterns of interaction and without any global agency enforcing uniformity? In this paper, we consider a natural model of language (or more precisely, word) evolution on a social network, prove several theoretical properties, and establish connections to related phenomena in biology, social sciences, and physics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A chart is presented that lists the results of Research Excellence Framework (REF) assessment on submitted research papers indicating the high percentage for medical and life sciences research as internationally excellent and world-leading followed by arts and humanities papers and social sciences.

The article focuses on the Russian higher education market for social science publishers. Topics discussed include the reforms in the nation's university system and its impact on social science publishers, the demand for English Publications and the importance of journal indexing. Also mentioned are the reasons Russian universities were consistently poorly ranked including poor global citations, and the call for editorial support through language editing and paper development workshops.