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This article presents information about last date of paper submission to the various conferences related to computer industry. Symposium on Moving Boundary Problems will be organized during September 26-28, 1977, at Riverside Motor Lodge, Gatlinburg, Tennessee. Researchers can submit their papers till June 15, 1977. The symposium is sponsored by the U.S. Army Research Office and Union Carbide Corp. Fifth Annual ACM (Association for computing Machinery) SIGACT- SIGPLAN Symposium on Principles of Programming Languages will be organized from January 23-25, 1978, at Tucson, Arizona. It is sponsored by ACM SIGACT-SIGPLAN. The last date of paper submission is August 19, 1977. Fourth International Conference on Computer Communication will be organized at Kyoto, Japan, during September 26-29, 1978. It will be sponsored by International Council for Computer Communication. Papers for the conference can be submitted till November 30, 1977. Lawrence Symposium on Systems and Decision Sciences is to be held at Lawrence Hall of Science, Berkeley, California, during October 3-4, 1977. Researchers can submit their papers till June 15, 1977.

The article presents information about several conferences related to the computer industry. Technical Symposium on Computer Science and Education, will be held in Anaheim, California, during February 12-13, 1976 and the conference will be organized by the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). The Fifth Biennial International Codata Conference will be held in Boulder, Colorado, on November 1, 1975. 1976 International Symposium on Fault-Tolerant Computing will be held in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, November 1, 1975.

A comprehensive system for transformational grammar has been designed and implemented on the IBM 360/67 computer. The system deals with the transformational model of syntax, along the lines of Chomsky's Aspects of the Theory of Syntax. The major innovations include a full, formal description of the syntax of a transformational grammar, a directed random phrase structure generator, a lexical insertion algorithm, an extended definition of analysis, and simple problem-oriented programming language in which the algorithm for application of transformations can be expressed. In this paper we present the system as a whole, first discussing the general attitudes underlying the development of the system, then outlining the system and discussing its more important special features. References are given to papers which consider some particular aspect of the system in detail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article focuses on effective aids to assist computing professionals explore computing literature. Several efforts have been made to serve this community, including the Networked Computer Technical Reference Library, which grew out of efforts to collect technical reports from academic and research departments. The purpose of the paper is to provide illustrations of how the computing community can be assisted by richer support for exploratory search, related to the authors' work with the Computing and Information Technology Interactive Digital Educational Library (CITIDEL).

This article presents information about several events related to the computer industry. The ACM (Association for Computing machinery) SIGSOFT/SIGPLAN Symposium on Practical Software Development Environments is scheduled for April 23-25, 1984, at Carnegie-Mellon University in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The National Bureau of Standards and Office of Naval Research are co-sponsoring the meeting. Papers are invited, with particular emphasis on new implementation schemes for interactive program design, construction, debugging, and testing. The Fourth International Conference on Information Systems, which will be organized during December 15-17, 1983, in Houston, Texas, is soliciting papers describing research in such areas as the theory of IS effectiveness; techniques for systems design; societal impact; management of technological innovation, transfer, and diffusion; office systems and the professional workstation; information centers and other approaches to the user interface; and cross-cultural comparisons of national and multi-national systems.

On January 1, 1992 an era in the computer field ended with the death of admiral/Dr. Grace Murray Hopper. She saw the beginning of the computer field with her work on MARK I, a physically large electro-mechanical machine, and lived to see and influence people who could carry around small electronic computers with a capability many orders of magnitude greater. Grace Hopper's lifework epitomized the development of the software field from primitive programs to sophisticated compilers and their verification. She was the greatest woman in the computer field, and one of the dozen top people in the field to date. Hopper's first real computing publication was based on her initial work on the Harvard MARK I and was "A Manual of Operation for the Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator," Annals of the Harvard Computation Laboratory. Her first significant paper dealing with software "The Education of a Computer" was presented in 1952 at one of the very early ACM conferences. It was reprinted in the Annals of the History of Computing.

A security kernel is a software and hardware mechanism that enforces access controls within a computer system. The correctness of a security kernel on a PDP-11/45 is being proved. This paper describes the technique used to carry out the first step of the proof: validating a formal specification of the program with respect to axioms for a secure system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates mechanisms that guarantee secure information flow in a computer system. These mechanisms are examined within a mathematical framework suitable for formulating the requirements of secure information flow among security classes. The central component of the model is a lattice structure derived from the security classes and justified by the semantics of information flow. The lattice properties permit concise formulations of the security requirements of different existing systems and facilitate the construction of mechanisms that enforce security. The model provides a unifying view of all systems that restrict information flow, enables a classification of them according to security objectives, and suggests some new approaches. It also leads to the construction of automatic program certification mechanisms for verifying the secure flow of information through a program. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A data definition language is a declarative computer language for specifying data structures. Most data definition languages concentrate on the declaration of logical data structures with little concern for how these structures are physically realized on a computer system. However, the need for data definition languages which describe both the logical and physical aspects of data is increasingly apparent. Such languages will be a key element in the translation of data between computer systems, as well as in advanced data management systems and distributed data bases. This paper reviews past work in the data definition language for describing both logical and physical aspects of data. Applications of these "generalized" data definition languages are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Discusses some of the thinking and philosophy behind changes in the communications of the journal of "Association for Computing Machines." Logistical and administrative reasons for the intended changes; Purposes and goals of the periodical; Technical papers relevant to the computer industry that are sought by the periodical.

In many recent computer system designs, hardware facilities have been provided for easing the problems of storage allocation. A method of characterizing dynamic storage allocation systems—according to the functional capabilities provided and the underlying techniques used—is presented. The basic purpose of the paper is to provide o useful perspective from which the utility of various hardware facilities may be assessed. A brief survey of storage allocation facilities in several representative computer systems is included as an appendix. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents information on the software designed to automate Weblog publication. Weblogs were distinct in both form and content from the Web journals that had preceded them. They are also distinct from e-zines, which were published on a schedule, like paper periodicals, and contained longer original articles and artwork. E-zines required planning, organization, and a certain level of skill in layout, typography and the other elements of Web design. By contrast, Weblogs were rudimentary in design and content. In late 1999, several companies released software designed to automate Weblog publication, one of which was Blogger. Blogger epitomized the dot-com era. When news stories began defining Weblogs as "a Web site made with Blogger," it quickly became the most widely used blogging tool — and changed Weblog culture. Trackback, introduced by Movable Type in 2001, automated crossblog talk itself. Trackback allows bloggers to ping other Weblogs, placing a reciprocal link — a trackback — in the entry they have just referenced.

This article discusses developments in the field of computer application. The personal computer industry has designed computer power into smaller, mobile, consumer products. Sharp, Casio, and Nintendo have built major businesses around personal electronic organizers and hand-held games. A new set of players has just entered the race with new ideas about small computers. New devices promise to reach beyond calendars, telephone books and games. Soon personal digital assistants will provide consumers with a form of "smart paper." Not only will these devices recognize handwritten characters, but also it will interpret and perform the operations symbolized by handwritten mathematical formulas. Such small general purpose devices will deliver computer power to new situations anytime, anywhere. To support an extension from desktop to ubiquitous computing, pens and associated writing recognition software will allow non computer users to access computing power in situations that do not accommodate keyboards.

The article presents news related to computer industry. The Division of Materials Development and Research of the National Science Foundation's Directorate for Science and Engineering Education is soliciting proposals for projects that will explore the consequences of the availability of calculators and computers for the elementary mathematics curriculum. John R. B. Clement has been appointed to the new position of director of governmental activities by the American Federation of Information Processing Societies. Since its founding, the National Bureau of Standards (NBS) has been concerned with measurement and with determining the precise values and metrics for physical phenomena. It has also made contributions to metrology in numerous scientific and engineering disciplines. The Computer Measurement Research Facility project at NBS is developing a set of metrics and measurement techniques to characterize the performance of parallel processing systems. The Computer Measurement Group (GMG) has announced an awards program for students submitting technical papers to the GMG 86 Conference, to be held from December 9-12, 1986, in Las Vegas, Nevada. Under this program, GMG will pay the costs associated with a student's participation in the conference, including registration, hotel accommodations, and round-trip airfare.

The article presents information on the chronology of events related to the field of computer industry. The Association for Computing Machinery will present a program at the AAAS meeting in Washington D.C. in December on "Current Advances Toward Better Computing for Researchers." The Seventh Annual Princeton Conference on Information Sciences and Systems will be held at Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, during March 22-23, 1973. Authors are invited to submit papers describing new advances, applications, and ideas in the fields of computer science, communication theory, system and circuit theory including contributions which explore the application of these and related disciplines to current societal issues. The First International Joint Conference on Pattern Recognition will be held from October 30-November 1, 1973, at the Mayflower Hotel in Washington D.C. The conference will cover all aspects of theoretical and applied pattern recognition, including classification theory and complexity, non-parametric methods, image processing, and character recognition.

The article reports that at the invitation of the U.S. Department of Commerce, Association for Computing Machinery has recently cosponsored a three-and-one-half day technical conference in Tokyo, in conjunction with Commerce's six-day exhibition of U.S. computer equipment. Computer '70 and the Computer '70 Colloquium, as the show and conference were called, were held at Tokyo's Harumi Pier, from October 12-14, 1970. Over 19,000 members of Japan's data processing community queued up to view at the open admission exhibition the products of 65 U.S. manufacturers. In addition, over 350 persons, most in key managerial and research positions, attended the Colloquium where, to defray expenses, attendance was on a fee basis--about $100 for the full conference and $25 for one day. Also participating in the seven half-day sessions were 27 U.S. computing experts and 10 leading Japanese professionals, whose papers were presented simultaneously in English and Japanese. The timeliness of the topics and the caliber of the participants can be recognized from the program.

The article presents a list of the top ten paper downloads from ACM's Refereed Journals and Conference Proceedings downloaded for the month of February 2006. Papers include "Blogging as Social Activity, or, Would You Let 900 Million People Read Your Diary?" by Bonnie A. Nardi, Diane J. Schiano, and Michelle Gumbrecht, "The Google File System," by Sanjay Ghemawat, Howard Gobioff, and Shun-Tak Leung, and "Low-cost Multi-touch Sensing Through Frustrated Total Internal Reflection," by Jefferson Y. Han.

The article presents information regarding the latest trends in computers as of January 2004. There is a legal hassle for the first generation of widespread and regular computer users who grow older. Legal experts in estate and probate matters agree that anything stored on a computer is considered "intangible" property, meaning it is probably worth more than the tangible property it occupies. The University of Michigan researchers are of the opinion that spammers should be charged for every message they send and the spam problem will disappear soon. The sneaker market is going to get a boom with the arrival of smart shoes, which are able to sense, calculate, and adapt to its physical environment in real time. The Chinese market continues to shun established protocols, electing instead to create its own. The countries of the world have invested heftily to provide citizens with a digital means for accessing services. Where humans use stereoscopic vision, hand dexterity, and sensory information from their fingertips to perform the intricate art of paper folding, a machine handles the task in a far different way.

The article presents information on various developments in the computer industry. The United States trade surplus in computers and business equipment in the first six months of 1982 was $3.4 billion. Lower exports to major world trade areas, coupled with higher imports, reduced the surplus to five percent below the 1981 figure of $3.6 billion. The Institute of Management Sciences and TIMS College on the Practice of Management Science announce the 12th Annual International Prize Competition for the TIMS Award for Management Science Achievement. The Competition will be held in Chicago in conjunction with the TIMS/ORSA National Meeting on April 24, 1983. The cash award for the winning work will be $6,000. Cash awards in lesser amounts may be awarded to all finalists. The primary intent of the Competition is to recognize outstanding examples of management science practice. The prize is awarded not for a presented paper but for the implemented work described in the paper. To be eligible, entries must report a completed, practical application and must present results that have had a significant, verifiable, and preferably quantifiable impact on the performance of the organization under study.

The article presents information on professional activities related to computing. "The Human Connection" is the theme of this year's Office Automation Conference scheduled for April 5-7, 1982, in San Francisco. The three-day conference agenda will include an overview session, 48 technical sessions, and eight industry workshops in addition to exhibits representing more than 100 manufacturers, consultants, associations, and suppliers of software services. The ACM-IEEE Fifteenth Annual Workshop on Microprogramming is to be held October 4-7, 1982, in Palo Alto, California. The abstract deadline for the ACM SIGUCCS Tenth User Services Conference has been moved to April 25. The ACM SIGSMALL Conference on Small Systems is seeking papers in all related areas, including novel applications, communications and I/O, new architecture, operating systems, distributed systems, and new research. A call for papers has been issued for the Third International Conference on Information Systems, to be held during December 13-15, 1982 in Ann Arbor, Michigan. Original research papers are sought addressing the following broad topics: techniques for designing and developing effective information systems; methods for assuring successful implementation; impact on individuals, organizations, and societies; and innovative and transferable curricula.

This article reports on various news briefs related to recent developments concerning the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). It is reported that the ACM is seeking nominations for its Grace Murray Hopper Award, given each year to the outstanding young computer professional selected on the basis of a single recent major technical or service contribution to the computer industry. While the Award is given to the outstanding young computer professional, emphasis in 1979 will be placed on contributions in the fields of business data processing and personal computing. The ACM has recently announced its call for papers for the George E. Forsythe Student Paper Competition which is ACM's major opportunity for any undergraduate to submit a paper on any topic related to computer science and information processing. Papers are due by October 12, 1979. Robert S. Barton of Burroughs Corp. has, reportedly, been named the first recipient of the ACM/IEEE-CS Eckert-Mauchly Computer Architecture Award. He is known primarily for his contributions to the design and engineering of a series of Burroughs computer systems.

The article presents information on the 1970 Fall Joint Computer Conference that will be held in Houston, Texas, on November 17-19. The conference will have a truly Texas-sized setting, the Astrohall, the world's largest convention and exhibit structure. The technical program may also appear to be Texas-sized in view of its size and diversity. However, it is not so much the program that has grown as the computer industry. The program has therefore been expanded to reflect new developments in computer usage and technology while maintaining its emphasis on various subjects of continuing importance. One of the chief areas of interest is computer software, its present problems and future promises. Two sessions will be devoted on it. Session 21, chaired by M.A. Melkanoff, University of California at Los Angeles, is devoted to the three principal and self-excluding approaches to long-range programming language development being advocated today. A distinguished panel will present a position paper on each of the three approaches and a fourth position paper on relevant research problems.

This article presents information on the Association of Computing Machinery's 20th anniversary conference that will be held in Washington in September 2005. Jack Minker, chairman of the technical program committee, revealed that 58 papers had been selected and that the program would stress the historical theme of the meeting--"Past Is Prologue,"--through the scheduled 25 sessions. He noted that there would be 19 formal sessions in which the number of papers had been limited to permit greater discussion and in-depth analysis of the subject. Approximately 80 exhibit booths had been reserved by manufacturers of computer hardware and peripheral equipment as well as a number of the leading software firms. The firms--including IBM, Univac, Control Data, Honeywell, Computer Sciences Corp., Computer Usage and others--will display a number of new product applications at the meeting, it is understood. Of special interest to conferees will be two special presentations relating to the history of computer development.

The article provides information on the upcoming symposiums related to the computer engineering in 1966. A one-day symposium will be sponsored by ACM, SIAM and Florida State University on March 14 on "The Recommended Impact of Computer Applications on the Undergraduate Mathematics Curriculum." The four New York Metropolitan Area chapters will hold a one-day symposium in New York City on March 18. A session of invited papers will be devoted to "The Application of Computers to the Problems of a Metropolitan Society." In addition, a session of contributed papers on any topics in the computer field is now in the process of being organized . Automatic Data Processing exhibits and workshops headline the Federal Government Accountants Association 15th National Symposium, in Minneapolis, June 15-17. Topics include "Case Studies in ADP," "Programming: The Modern Budget Officer's Tool," and "The Future of Computers in the Federal Government." The Instrument Society of America (ISA) has invited papers for presentation at the 21st Annual ISA Conference and Exhibit, to be conducted October 24-27 in New York City. Theme of the meeting is "Instrumentation for an Urban Society."

This section presents information on most popular papers from the Association of Computing Machinery (ACM)'s referred journals, conference proceedings and computing surveys downloaded from ACM's digital library in May 2005. Some of the articles downloaded are, "Data Clusturing," by A.K. Jain and his colleagues, "Bioinformatics: An Introduction for Computer Scientists," by Jacques Cohen and his colleagues, "A Comparison of Data Warehousing Methodologies," by Arun Seth and his colleagues, and others.

This article focuses on contributions of Edsger Wybe Dijkstra, a noted computer scientist, in science and industry of computing. Dijkstra was the 1972 recipient of the ACM Turing Award, often viewed as the Nobel Prize for computing. He was a member of the Netherlands Royal Academy of Arts and Sciences, a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and a distinguished fellow of the British Computer Society. He received the 1974 AFIPS Harry Goode Memorial Award, the 1982 IEEE Computer Pioneer Award, the 1989 ACM SIGCSE Award for Outstanding Contributions to Computer Science Education, and the ACM PODC 2002 Influential Paper Award. He received two honorary doctorates, from the Queen's University of Belfast, Northern Ireland in 1976, and Athens University in Athens, Greece 2001. In 2002, the C&C Foundation of Japan recognized Dijkstra for his pioneering contributions to the establishment of the scientific basis for computer software through creative research in basic software theory, algorithm theory, structured programming, and semaphores.

The article focuses on the objectives of the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) for 1970. The ACM's literature is its most basic service to its members. Not every ACM member attends chapter meetings regularly; only a fraction of the members attend national conferences. But every member regularly receives the ACM publications. It is suggested that a fair fraction of the issues for the next two years be assigned to the largest and most active Special Interest Groups (SIG). Each designated SIG would be responsible for selecting and obtaining subject matter for one such special issue. The process of organizing the technical program for national conferences needs overhauling. The "call for papers" philosophy too often results in mish-mash sessions. Panel sessions can be simply excuses for delivering full papers--which escape refereeing and do not appear in the proceedings. The Professional Development program has had a very successful first year. It has brought high quality technical seminars to many cities throughout the country. It needs continued support, so as to offer more subjects in more cities. How can the ACM better serve the business data processing community, which represents over one-half of the computer field, for this the ACM needs a much more vigorous program addressed to supporting the technical competence of these people.

The article presents information about ACM Symposium on symbolic and algebraic manipulation, to be held from March 20-31, 1966 at the Sheraton-Park Hotel in Washington D.C. It is being- sponsored by the Special Interest Committee on Symbolic and Algebraic Manipulation of the ACM. A major purpose of the symposium is to make available to the computing community information on developments in this field which have taken place since the ACM Conference on Symbolic Manipulation held in May 1960. Another purpose is to provide a forum for the interchange of ideas in this area among system designers. The papers to be presented in eight sessions will include selected expository papers, as well as specific technical presentations on the implementation and use of systems for the manipulation of symbolic and algebraic information.

This article presents profiles and statements of two candidates for the post of Vice-President of Association of Computing Machinery. The two candidates are Norman Gibbs and Mary Jane Irwin. Gibbs earned his bachelor's degree in mathematics from Ursinus College and his master's and doctorate degrees in computer science from Purdue University. He has been a member of several national advisory committees, an active consultant and published over 30 refereed papers and three books. According to him, it is not realistic to believe that an ACM vice-president will be able to make many changes in direction in a two year period. Investing in the future leadership will be a priority for him. Irwin did her B.S. in mathematics with honors from Memphis State University and Ph.D. in computer science from University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign. According to her, ACM must focus on issues important to society such as in helping to define the future information infrastructure. The success of several ACM initiatives such as Network Services and the Electronic publishing program depend on this infrastructure. ACM needs strong, experienced leadership.

This article presents information about several events related to the computer industry. The 1982 Symposium on Security and Privacy sponsored by IEEE-CS will take place during April 26-28, 1982, in Oakland/Berkeley, California. Papers and proposals for panel sessions related to security and privacy are solicited. Possible topics include encryption, database security, and operating system and privacy protection. Both theoretical and practical contributions are invited. The Nineteenth Design Automation Conference is to be held in Las Vegas, Nevada, during June 14-16, 1982. It is sponsored by the ACM Special Interest Group on Design Automation and the Design Automation Technical Committee of IEEE-CS. The major area of interest is computer-aided design of digital systems, but a significant portion of the conference is devoted to architectural and mechanical design. Recurring areas of interest are design verification, simulation, physical design and layout, documentation, testing, databases, DA system, architecture, and mechanical design.

The article presents information on congresses related to the computer and information processing industry in the U.S. The first annual IEEE Computer Conference will be held at the Edgewater Beach Hotel in Chicago on September 6-8. The conference will be sponsored by the IEEE Computer Group in cooperation with Northwestern University and the IEEE Chicago section. GUIDE International, an organization for large-scale IBM computer users, will hold its next regular session at the Americana Hotel in New York City, May 23-26. The Instrument Society of America (ISA) has invited papers for presentation at the 22nd Annual ISA Conference and Exhibit, to be conducted in Chicago, Illinois, during September 11-14, 1967. The four-day conference will highlight "Instrumentation in the Service of Man." The Eighth International Electronic Circuit Packaging Symposium will be held concurrently with WESCON 67 in San Francisco, during August 21-22, 1967, one week before ACM's National Conference in Washington D.C.

The article presents a calendar of events about the computer industry. The "1967 Spring Joint Committee Conference," which will be held on April 18-20, 1967 in Atlantic City, New Jersey invites papers to be presented during the conference. The American Documentation Institute will hold a convention on October 3-7, 1967 in Santa Monica, California. The International Federation of Information Processing Societies will hold its "1968 Congress" on August 5-10, 1968 in Edinburgh, Scotland.

This article introduces papers discussed in the August 1991 issue of the periodical "Communications of the ACM." The ability to communicate across disciplinary borders has become both a skill and a necessity for many computer professionals in the 1990s. The idea for August 1991 special section, "Real-Time Knowledge-Based Control Systems" originated in an AAAI workshop motivated by the recognition that constructing robotic systems capable of autonomous, flexible, intelligent behavior is an inherently interdisciplinary activity. As part of their technical discussions, the authors detail how this technology can be applied to such diverse areas as nuclear power plants, robotic vehicles, and chemical processing. In addition to the special section, August issue includes two computing practices articles. In "Impacts of Life Cycle Models on Software Configuration Management," authors survey the current state of the practice of software configuration management. The authors contend that some evolving software engineering practices will soon replace the waterfall model as the de facto standard in the field. In "A Storage and Access Manager for Ill-Structured Data," authors discuss the James system, which was designed to provide flexible storage and access for a wide variety of ill-structured data such as text, graphics, computer models, semantic networks, and production rules.

The article announces several events related to the computing industry. The biennial conference of the British Computer Society will be held at the Cunard International Hotel in London, England from October 4 to 6, 1977. The second conference of the European Cooperation in Informatics, which will be held in Venice, Italy from October 10 to 12, 1978, has the theme Information System Methodology. Papers and demonstrations are being solicited for the 1978 National Computer Conference on June 5 to 8, 1978 in California.

The article offers news briefs on issues regarding the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). The ACM Communications Student Editorial Committee received more than 50 intentions to submit papers. The report "Computers and Crisis," edited by R. W. Bemer, a volume representing the edited sessions of ACM 70 has been released. The 1970 annual issue of "Bibliography and Subject Index of Computing Literature" of the ACM is available to subscribers.