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The article discusses issues related to the potential impact of the use of bitcoin and other virtual currencies on the national security in the U.S. Mentioned are efforts of the government to secure the financial service sector against terrorists' organization. Noted is the verified attempt of Ibn Taymiyyah Media Center, an online jihadist propaganda organization, to raise funds through bitcoin.

Profiles U.S. Senator John Forbes Kerry, the Democratic presidential candidate for the presidential election in November 2004. Foreign policy credibility; Overview of his national security plans; Strategies for fighting terrorism; Discussion on his economic plan and energy policies; Analysis of his vision for health care and education.

Reports on the implementation of the national identification (ID) card system in the U.S. Details of national security in line with the September 11, 2001 terrorist attack; Discussion on individual privacy in creating national ID; Discriminatory actions toward the minority.

The article focuses on the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) and cases dealing with civil liberty. The ACM is an international scientific and educational organization, sewing both professional and public interests. It has been held that there is no such thing as overzealous enforcement of liberties. This is not acceptable to those who subscribe to ACM Code of Ethics, section 1.7 concerning respect for the privacy of others as a moral imperative. The exception is solely in cases where it is evidence for the violation of law, organizational regulations, or this Code. In these cases, the nature or contents of that information must be disclosed only to proper authorities. In the Zacarias Moussaoui case, the FBI was denied permission to access private data not by the custodians of the data but by the custodians of the law itself, the judiciary; because they lacked probable cause. The Fourth Amendment, which holds that the right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated and no warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized.

Presents several letters concerning on the use of computer softwares in the United States. Discussion on the reduction of the magnitude of complexity of a song; Evaluation on computer software systems safety; Examination on the status of prepublication review of papers in cryptology by the National Security Agency.

Focuses on the implication of the disclosed Pentagon papers, which have been maneuvered by intelligence officer Daniel Ellsberg, for the administration of President Richard Nixon and the national security issues in the U.S. Opinion that pro-Democratic federal bureaucrats hostile to President Richard Nixon would be tempted to imitate Ellsberg and slip newsmen potentially embarrassing tips on domestic and national security policies; Views expressed by various politicians that this has been attempt to seal off any leaky spots in the government; Confirmation on future disclosures following the Ellsberg precedent; Impact of the administration's response on the Watergate investigation.

In 1943, with the war against Japan intensifying in the Pacific, Dr. L.F. Fisser of the National Defense Research Committee designed a tiny incendiary bomb for the use of the U.S. Army Air Force. The two-ounce bomb was to be dropped on Japan affixed to free-tailed bats, of which there happened to be an ample supply in Carlsbad Caverns, New Mexico. The bat bombs were to be chilled to hibernating temperature in ice-cube trays, packed 180 to a box and sprung free at a thousand feet above the ground, where they would thaw and, in great hunger, swoop down on the wood and paper homes of Tokyo. Something may be insane, but it is only crackpot when it doesn't work. Another plan to bring the total warfare concept to the Japanese capital was conceived by General Curtis LeMay.

The article presents an overview of the report, An Abrupt Climate Change Scenario and Its Implications for United States National Security, that made headlines internationally after the release of its findings. It remains unclear what effect the report may have with regard to the US climate policy. On the other hand, the report's seven preparedness recommendations appear prudent, particularly with respect to national security. The report's executive summary concludes that because of the potentially dire consequences, the risk of abrupt climate change, although uncertain and quite possibly small, should be elevated beyond a scientific debate to a U.S. national security concern.

Presents a call for papers for the U.S. Reserve Officers Association National Security Report published in the periodical "The Officer." Recommended topics; Length of the paper; Submission schedules.

Reports on the role of U.S. President Richard M. Nixon and the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) on domestic and foreign intelligence operations in national security. Inclusions of the undisclosed operations; Overview of the cases; Complications of the Plumbers' operations involving relationship with the CIA; Information that the White House was engaged in secret intelligence operations even before the publication of the Pentagon papers and other news leaks.

Focuses on policy decisions of the National Security Council (NSC) that led the U.S. into war with Vietnam. Reasons for the U.S. to the Communist attack on South Korea in June 1950; Comment on the foreign policy of the U.S. mentioned in NSC paper regarding Vietnam; Reports that in September, 1949, the Soviets exploded their first atomic bomb, about five years ahead of expectations by American and European experts; Observations on the new power relationship in the world, with the U.S. and the Soviet Union occupying the terminal poles.

Expresses good-humored disappointment over the fact that the FBI has no file on the author, Michael Ervin.

The author offers insights on the May 2017 white paper "The Future Navy," issued by U.S. Navy (USN) Chief of Naval Operations (CNO) John Richardson. Topics discussed include the sense of urgency demonstrated by Richardson with regard to military technology development and deployment, the increase in maritime traffic which may be attributed to international trade, and the national security capabilities of the USN.

The author offers insights on the 2017 white paper "The Future Navy," issued by U.S. Navy (USN) Chief of Naval Operations (CNO) John Richardson. Topics discussed include the way the document provided outlook for the USN fleet architecture, acknowledgment of maritime challenges associated with the growing power of China and Russia, and the necessity of USN expansion to address national security issues and competition with other countries.

Focuses on 'National Security Strategy of the United States of America,' a formal strategic paper on how U.S. President George W. Bush intends to secure the country. Kinds of evil he wants to destroy; Foreign and domestic criticisms against the national security strategy; Reasons of the executive branch for devising the paper. INSET: George W. Bush: Freedom Fighter.

This article is a revised and updated version of a paper originally published as Institutionalizing Adaptation: It's Time for a Permanent Army Advisor Corps by the Center for a New American Security in June 2007. These views are the author's own. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Analyzes the national security strategy (NSS) of U.S. President George W. Bush and how it could represent the most sweeping shift in U.S. strategy since the Cold War. Bush's equation of terrorists with tyrants as sources of danger; The legal basis for preemptive attacks; The need for hegemony; The issue of removing the causes of terrorism and tyranny; How Bush's NSS differs from its predecessors; Possible sources of weaknesses in the NSS; The search for support from U.S. allies. INSET: Power's Paper Trail.

Argues that to combat terrorism in the U.S., the nation's ports need a costly security upgrade. Arrest by the Coast Guard in Florida of a drug dealer for selling fake crew-member papers to leaders of a Philippine terrorist group with ties to al Qaeda; Potential financial effects of 'dirty bombs' that could be put in shipping containers from abroad; Guidelines under the U.S. Maritime Transportation Security Act; Observation that the government has contributed far less money to maritime security than it has to airline security; Argument that increasing maritime security is a greater challenge than increasing airline security because of logistics; Costs of new safety measures and money shortfalls.

The article criticizes Francis Fukuyama's paper "The End of History?" The paper has not even a word on the economy of war for one thing, or on the national security state. It may be true that millions of people across the globe now yearn for the standard of living enjoyed by the American middle class, but the very existence of this standard, which is flaunted with the same lack of consideration as Fukuyama brings to the study of history, is creating a historic crisis of expectations. Making much of a "victory" in the cold war, which is to say that any fool can declare an end to a conflict the scope of which he vastly exaggerated in the first place, Fukuyama addresses a feverish ode to the joys of the free market.

Reports on the developments in scientific communication in the United States. Attention to the interagency review of scientific communication and national security; Possibility of revisions to the Export Administration Act of 1979; Preparation of recommendations for control of unclassified but militarily sensitive technology, visas, scientific conferences and publication of scientific papers.

Addresses the issue of the United States Senate's confirmation of Otto F. Otepka as a member of the Subversive Activities Control Board (SACB). Senators who voted in favor of Otepka; Link between the confirmation of Otepka and the reintroduction of the S.12 bill designed to set up a central security agency for all agencies of government, under the control of SACB; Alleged reasons behind the Senate's confirmation of Otepka's appointment despite Otepka's suspension from the State Department for allegedly passing confidential papers to Julien G. Sourwine, general counsel of the Internal Security subcommittee.

The article presents a response to an essay entitled "The Rise of U.S. Nuclear Primacy," by Keir Lieber and Daryl Press. The original paper claimed that the Pentagon structured the United States' nuclear arsenal to a goal of deterring nuclear attack on the United States, which the author claims is a mischaracterization of U.S. policy. Declassified documents and public statements from individuals including Defense Secretaries Robert McNamara and Clark Clifford are used to support the author's assertion.

Presents a paper on the experience and expertise gained by members of the British armed forces and police in counter-terrorism. Involvement in the effort to suppress terrorism in Northern Ireland; Capability of the army and the police to respond to terrorist attacks including the July 7, 2005 bombings in London; International support for the counter-terrorism efforts of the country.

The article presents information on the author's views on a paper published in a previous issue of the journal. The U.S. is very casual in the selection of words, especially in matters of geopolitics, international relations and foreign policies. If stability is a success measure, then the U.S. shall surely never succeed in Iraq or Afghanistan, nor shall they succeed in the experiment they call the United States of America. Security is the precise word to use. In fact, one of the primary reasons political and military policy makers have such a difficult time with reconstruction operations is a mistaken or misguided belief that stability is security.

he September 11th, 2001 terrorist attacks on America, and repeated warnings that the next targets could be Germany, England, France, or Italy show how vulnerable Europe is to new threats, from instability in regions far away, from failed or failing states and from the spread of weapons of mass destruction. In the past, many Europeans have seen such problems as America's to deal with, or no one's. At the North Atlantic Treaty Organization summit in Prague, the Czech Republic, on November 21st-22nd, 2002, and in the European Union's subsequent deliberations about the best use of its own embryonic rapid-reaction force, European leaders will commit themselves, at least on paper, to take on farther-flung responsibilities. After half a century of being wrapped up chiefly in their own affairs, Europe must think urgently about how best to defend themselves and their interests anywhere in the world. Although Europe has prided itself on their civilizing "soft power", most European governments recognize that more hard power, military capability, in short, is required. The go-anywhere NATO that is to be proclaimed at the summit will in any case face the old NATO's problems: too few fleet-footed capabilities, with smart weapons and secure communications, of the sort that America displayed in Kosovo and Afghanistan, and which are needed to win wars. The Iraq debate at the United Nations has been an all-too-familiar case-study in how Europeans get themselves at cross-purposes, with an activist Britain, a cautious France and an ohne mich Germany all pulling in different directions. America easily leads the world in almost every dimension of power. But Europe, with its bigger population and not much smaller gross domestic product, reckoned to be larger, in fact, until America's faster growth and the depreciating euro reversed the honors, has considerable heft, and that weight will grow as the EU takes in more members.

Discusses the difficulties in reporting caused by a national crisis atmosphere in the U.S. Excerpt from the March 2002 white paper made by the Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press on the limited access of reporters to the field of action in Afghanistan; Function of the U.S. Department of Defense Office of Strategic Influence; Comment on the function of the USA Patriot Act.

This article reports on a change in the U.S. government's national security strategy as revealed in a paper by National Security Adviser Stephen Hadley in March 2006. The document describes the terrorist threat as a "murderous ideology" that will require military force plus a "battle of ideas" to defeat. Hadley also called on other countries to assist the U.S. in the war on terrorism. The document outlined the U.S. policy of a preemptive first strike against terrorist nations, a policy thought to be aimed at Iran.

Offers a look at domestic terrorism and the rise of extremists in the United States. Arrest of William Krar, a man who had the makings of a bomb that could have exploded an office building; Report that police and federal agents have foiled roughly 60 right-wing extremist terrorist plots in the U.S. since 1995; Number of hate groups that are active in the U.S.; Reference to a strategy paper on domestic and international terrorism threats prepared by the Department of Homeland Security (DHS); Lack of cooperation between the DHS and the Federal Bureau of Investigation; Threats from white supremacist organizations.

The author claims that the administration of President George W. Bush sanctioned the use of torture in interrogating Iraqi detainees. So there were WMDs in Iraq after all. They're called digital cameras. Partly because of them, the United States faces one of the most humiliating defeats in imperial history. But there's also a clear paper trail. Not just the long and copiously documented record of US torture, with many of its refinements acquired by the CIA from the Nazis after World War II, but the more recent lineage of encouragement. Within a few days of the Trade Towers going down in September 2001, a vacationing FBI agent told an acquaintance of mine in Puerto Vallarta that detainees in the United States were being tortured. By October of 2001, public opinion here was being softened up for the use of torture. It was not far into the Afghan war that Defense Secretary Rumsfeld made plain his views on prisoners, after horrifying accounts began to surface of the treatment of Taliban POWs. He first said the United States was "not inclined to negotiate surrenders." From spring 2003, the Red Cross was complaining to US Army commanders in Iraq, and later to Deputy Defense Secretary Paul Wolfowitz, Secretary of State Colin Powell and National Security Adviser Condoleezza Rice in Washington, about frightful treatment of Iraqi prisoners in Abu Ghraib and elsewhere.

Spurred on by post--September 11, 2001 fears, more than a dozen states, from Colorado to Delaware, have passed or are considering restrictions on issuing driver's licenses to noncitizens. Some, like Georgia, Minnesota and New York, may tie license expiration dates to the expiration of immigration papers, as Florida, New Jersey and Kentucky do now. Florida's Department of Highway Safety and Motor Vehicles now sends records of all its transactions to the Federal Bureau of Investigation every night. A Michigan bill would authorize DMV staff to contact federal authorities if there is "reasonable cause" to believe an applicant is an illegal alien.

This article presents several news briefs related to socio-political developments across the world. Information is presented on a revelation by David Bliss, an employee at Lewis and Clark College, that Monica Lewinsky, an intern at the U.S. White House, when she was a student there, forged his signature on a job offer for a friend of hers. Information is presented on stockholders' reaction to the market's 9 percent decline since last two months. Details are presented about the Shays-Meehan campaign-finance reform bill, recently passed by the U.S. House. A "white paper" was recently issued by China, on national defense, in response to American calls for greater openness about its military.

Relates instances in the U.S. where some of the most egregious exposures of intelligence secrets have been committed by conservatives who avow their dedication to the nation's security. Senator Barry Goldwater's denial of Presidential involvement in the harassment of Nicaragua; Release of the Pentagon Papers in 1971.

The article presents an interview with researcher Chen Zhou about the 2006 white paper on China's national defense. The changes represented in the white paper are discussed. The differences of the white paper from the previous white papers in terms of its description and judgment of the security situation are tackled. The nature of China's defense policy is also addressed.

The article focuses on the case of U.S. government employees John Peters and Otto Nathan. Neither had the remotest connection with the military or the diplomatic security measures taken by this country. Neither aspired to any such connection. Peters' job was to hold in check the mange and the colic. The charge brought against him was that at some time in the past he had joined the communists. As for Nathan, all he wanted was a, chance to go abroad to check up on some of the papers of the physicist Albert Einstein. Nathan wanted to consult certain people who had worked with, Einstein in Europe.

Reports on a workshop sponsored by the U.S. National Academies expressing the need for bioscientists in national security. Concerns of security experts regarding use of biological research tools for evil; Expected publication of papers helping terrorists develop bioweapons; Development of guidelines to review the papers.

The article focuses on the white paper "Protecting American in the 21sth Century: Imperatives for the Homeland," released by a consortium of national organizations. In celebration of the 5th anniversary of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security, the organizations have shared their vision as to how the nation should address homeland security in the 21st century. The vision are expressed in the white paper, which calls for acknowledgement that homeland security is a shared responsibility between all levels of government, the private sector and citizens.

The article reports on the claim by David Schanzer, coauthor of the paper on risk management in homeland security for the IBM center for the Business of Government, that the color-coded warning system was never useful in combating threats like terrorism.

The article discusses a paper proposing a new five-year Manhattan project for clean energy, written by Lamar Alexander and published in the summer 2008 issue of "Issues in Science and Technology." The proposal aims to enable the nation to deal with the increasing gasoline and electricity prices, climate change threats and national security challenges. Such proposal is based on the Manhattan Project created by former U.S. President Roosevelt in 1942. The energy challenges included in the proposal are cited.

An interview with retired Brigadier General Helmut Harff in Germany is presented. When asked about the current status of the German industry and authorities' security strategy, he refers to the composition of an all-embracing position paper about the significance of the country's security. He assumes that its publication is either by the end of 2007 or in the first six months of 2008. He believes that Great Britain and France are more generous and flexible to react adequately to the challenges.

The issue of reforming Ukraine's security sector as a whole and its various components in particular has long been on the agenda for both the Ukrainian government and Ukrainian society. Although reform is definitely in process, its scale and pace are not designed to bring the best results. As part of the "Building Support for a Comprehensive Approach to Security Sector Reform in Ukraine" project, ICPS analysts prepared a policy paper called "Security Sector Reform in Ukraine." This excerpt focuses on the Armed Forces by looking at the main directions of reform and reform-related problems facing the government [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a response to an essay entitled "The Rise of U.S. Nuclear Primacy," by Keir Lieber and Daryl Press. The author refutes the original paper's assertions that United States nuclear policy is geared towards making the U.S. the world's supreme nuclear power, alleging that the U.S. Air Force is actively upgrading its nuclear arsenal to make it more lethal. The United States Department of Defense counteracts this assertion by claiming that improvements to nuclear weapons are designed to make them safer rather than deadlier.

Information about several papers discussed at the Military Order of the World Wars' 2006 National Convention on the role of the Order to provide national security is presented. The Order's Officers and General Staff are always concerned in fighting the threat of terrorism throughout the U.S. The convention featured Professor Jeffrey Norwitz from the Naval War College.

The article focuses on two developments which have caused the American Israel Public Affairs Committee (AIPAC) to be the object of unwanted attention. One is the espionage case in which former AIPAC officials Steven J. Rosen and Keith Weissman have been charged with violating the 1917 Espionage Act by receiving and transmitting national defense information. Intensifying the spotlight on AIPAC's activities has been the paper written by professors John Mearsheimer of the University of Chicago and Stephen Walt of the Kennedy School of Government at Harvard. The article, entitled "The Israel Lobby and U.S. Foreign Policy," asserts that Washington's unwavering support of Israel has jeopardized American security.

Comments on newly released papers which show the extent of terrorist warnings to U.S. President George W. Bush's administration before September 11, 2001. Highlights of the classified briefings, written by Richard Clarke, that were sent to then National Security Adviser Condoleezza Rice; Reluctance of the government to release the documents; Clarke's belief that al-Qaeda was a potent threat, and his call for immediate action; Rice's perception of al-Qaeda as an organisation that was creating problems for U.S. foreign policy; Warnings sent to the administration.

Focuses on a legislation prepared by the administration of U.S. President George W. Bush to reinstate the military draft to fight against terrorism in 2004. Amount added to the Selective Service System budget to prepare for military conscription; Requirements of the proposed legislation; Information on the National Security Strategy paper issued by Bush on September 20, 2002.

Focuses on the talking paper sent by several authors to United States President Ronald Reagan which proposes several ways by which the country should deal with the issue of nuclear weapons. Key proposals of the paper; Authors included in the campaign; Authors' lack of knowledge about national security and nuclear weaponry.

The article reports on the impact of cyber-espionage on the global economy, as indicated in a policy paper that was released by the U.S. Center for International Governance Innovation (CIGI) in June 2014. Topics discussed include the indictment by the U.S. of Chinese men for cyber-espionage and the companies victimized by the Chinese men such as Allegheny Technologies, U.S. Steel, and Westinghouse Electric. Also mentioned is the conflict between national security and domestic industries.

The article focuses on the efforts of Republican Representative Thaddeus McCotter, chairman of the U.S. House Republican Policy Committee, to revive the party and get it caught up with the Democrats. McCotter has opened the group's limited membership to any House Republican who wants to join. The policy committee posted Thinking Papers, which deal with issues such as Medicare pricing and homeland security, on its Web site.

The article provides information related to international security. A paper which analysis U.S. military strategies to control regional conflicts is cited. Homeland Security in Great Britain needs to be reviewed in terms of deployed measures and efficiency in response to London bombings on July 7, 2005. Highly diversified crime or terrorist scenarios require special units of police force in the world.

This section offers praise and criticism to several issues related to journalism as of March 2006. Praises are given to The Des Moines Register, The Associated Press and the New York Daily News, for crashing the multibillion-dollar homeland security project, and to the Houston Chronicle, for a hot series on a cold case. Meanwhile, criticisms are given to the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel, for rose-colored journalism. In the award-winning Snapshots column by the reporter Crocker Stephenson, the paper presents human-interest stories about local folks that capture sympathetically their struggles against adversity and sometimes produce offers of money and work -- slice-of-life sketches, it now turns out, from which some of the uglier warts have been air-brushed away. And to Reuters, for a case of curiously conflicted coverage.