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Energy levels and the radiative and Auger transition rates of the 1s2p424L (L = S, P, D) resonances in the boron isoelectronic sequence are calculated using the saddle-point variation and saddle-point complex-rotation methods. Large-scale wave functions are used to saturate the functional space. Relativistic and mass polarization corrections are included by the first-order perturbation theory. The Auger branching ratios of the important decay channels for these core-excited states are calculated. The reliable transition wavelengths and Auger electron energies are used to identify available x-ray spectra and Auger electron spectra. Identifications of several unknown experimental lines from 1s2p4 resonances are reported. The total radiative rates and total Auger rates of these 1s2p4 resonances are also reported and discussed along with the increase of atomic number Z. It is found that the total Auger rates are several orders of magnitude greater than the total radiative rates in these low-Z ions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Quercetin, luteolin, and epigallocatechin gallate are flavonoids abundant in edible and medicinal plants with beneficial effects on glucose homeostasis. This study explored the action of these flavonoids on glucose disposal in adipocytes. Quercetin, luteolin, and epigallocatechin gallate enhanced glucose consumption with the positive regulation of AMP-activated kinase phosphorylation, and the AMP-activated kinase inhibitor compound C abolished their effects on glucose consumption. Luteolin and epigallocatechin gallate, but not quercetin, increased sirtuin 1 abundance, and their regulation of glucose consumption was also attenuated by co-treatment with sirtuin 1 inhibitor nicotinamide. Quercetin, luteolin, and epigallocatechin gallate suppressed nuclear factor-κB activation by inhibition of p65 phosphorylation with beneficial regulation of adi pokine expression, whereas these actions were diminished by coincubation with compound C. The sirtuin 1 inhibitor nicotinamide attenuated the effects of luteolin and EGCG on p65 phosphorylation and adipokine expression without any influence on the activity of quercetin. Results of Western blot and fluorescence microscopy also showed that quercetin, luteolin, and epigallocatechin gallate increased Akt substrate of 160 kDa phosphorylation and promoted 2-deoxy-D-glucose uptake by adipocytes under basal and inflammatory conditions. These findings suggested that quercetin, luteolin, and epigallocatechin gallate inhibited inflammation and promoted glucose disposal in adipocytes with the regulation of AMP-activated kinase and/or sirtuin 1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the fault detection problem for discrete event systems (DESs) which can be modeled by partially observed Petri nets (POPNs). To overcome the problem of low diagnosability in the POPN online fault diagnoser in current use, an improved online fault diagnosis algorithm that integrates generalized mutual exclusion constraints (GMECs) and integer linear programming (ILP) is proposed. Assume that the POPN structure and its initial markings are known, and the faults are modeled as unobservable transitions. First, the event sequence is observed and recorded. GMEC is used for elementary diagnosis of the system behavior, then the ILP problem of POPN is solved for further diagnosis. Finally, an example of a real DES to test the new fault diagnoser is analyzed. The proposed algorithm increases the diagnosability of the DES remarkably, and the effectiveness of the new algorithm integrating GMEC and ILP is verified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Under investigation in this paper is a discrete (2+1)-dimensional Ablowitz-Ladik equation, which has certain applications in nonlinear optics and Bose-Einstein condensation. Employing the Hirota method and symbolic computation, we obtain the bright/dark one-, two-, three- and N-soliton solutions. Asymptotic analysis indicates that the interactions between the bright/dark two solitons are elastic. Amplitudes and velocities of the bright and dark solitons increase with the value of the coupling strength increasing. Head-on and overtaking interactions between the bright two solitons as well as the bound state two solitons are depicted. Overtaking interaction between the dark two solitons are also plotted. The increasing value of the coupling strength can lead the increasing amplitudes and velocities of the bright/dark two solitons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]