This article looks at how China has helped to finance America's vast current-account deficit. Until last year nobody seemed to care that the Chinese yuan was pegged to the dollar. But now China's exchange-rate regime has become one of the hottest topics in international finance-yet more evidence of China's growing influence on the world economy. Many economists argue that China's fixed exchange rate distorts trade and investment flows.By refusing to allow its exchange rate to rise against the dollar, China, they say, is hindering the adjustment in global exchange rates needed to reduce America's current-account deficit, which now stands at more than 5% of GDP. As a result of its pegged exchange rate and large capital inflows, China's foreign-exchange reserves have more than doubled since early 2002 to over $480 billion, most of it in American government securities. China is not alone: other Asian economies have also intervened heavily to prevent their currencies appreciating. But sooner or later, those economists say, China will lose its appetite for dollars, causing the greenback to tumble. However, Michael Dooley, David Folkerts-Landau and Peter Garber at Deutsche Bank reject this view. In a series of papers, they argue that America's current-account deficit will be happily financed by China and other Asian countries for at least another decade. This view of Asia's relationship with America helps to explain why in recent years it has proved possible to finance America's large current-account deficit without a bigger rise in American bond yields or a bigger fall in the dollar.