Search

A highly chemoselective three-component cascade reaction among alcohols or thiols, electron-deficient alkenes, and a,ß-unsaturated ketones takes place under the catalysis of triethylamine, providing densely functionalized chain products in 44-99% yields. The transformation presumably proceeds through a sequential cascade of hetero- Michael/Michael reactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A one-pot palladium-catalyzed synthesis of fluoronones via decarboxylative cyclization is reported. This protocol offers good yields and tolerates a broad range of functional groups. Based on the extensive experimental data, we propose a plausible decarboxylative insertion mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A highly efficient approach to the synthesis of a series of pyrimido[b]azepines has been developed with 5-allyl-2,4,6-trichloropyrimidine as the starting material in six or seven steps via a ring-closing metathesis (RCM) reaction. The absolute configuration of the key intermediate pyrimido[4,5-b]azepine was ascertained by X-ray crystal structure analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article investigates an effective method with which to reconstruct the tragus and external auditory meatus for microtia reconstruction. The external ear was reconstructed using a delayed postauricular skin flap in patients with congenital microtia. After the first stage of delaying the postauricular skin flap and the second stage of otoplasty with ear framework fabricated fromautogenous rib cartilage draping with the delayed skin flap, the third stage involved tragus and external auditorymeatus canaloplasty. After designing the remnant auricle flap, the lower part was trimmed and the tragus was reconstructed. The upper part was trimmed into a thin skin flap, which was rotated and used to cover the hollowedwoundposterosuperior to the tragus so as tomimic the external auditorymeatus. If remnant wounds were present, skin grafting was conducted. In total, 121 patients with congenital microtia were treated from March 2010 to March 2016. The reconstructed tragus and external auditory meatus were well formed, and all wounds healed well. No severe complications such as flap necrosis occurred. Six months postoperatively, the morphology of the reconstructed tragus and external auditory meatus was good. Overall, the patients and their families were satisfied. The use of remnant auricle to reconstruct the tragus and external auditory meatus is an effective auricular reconstruction technique. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present the surgical techniques and results of cross-facial nerve grafting that have been developed in the repair of ocular-oral synkinesis after facial paralysis. Eleven patients with ocular-oral synkinesis after facial paralysis underwent the cross-facial nerve grafting with facial nerve transposition at a tertiary academic hospital between 2003 and 2009. The patient selection for the study was based on the degree of disfigurement and facial function parameter rating using the Toronto Facial Grading System. The procedures used were surgeries done in two stages. All cases were followed up for 2 months to 6 years after the second surgery. The degree of improvement was evaluated at 6 to 7 months after the procedures. Six of the patients were followed up for more than 2 years after the stage-two surgery and demonstrated significant reduction in the ocular-oral synkinetic movements. The Toronto Facial Grading System scores from the postoperative follow-ups increased an average of 16 points (28%), and the patients had achieved symmetrical facial movement. We concluded that cross-facial nerve grafting with facial nerve branch transposition is effective and can be considered as an option for the repair of ocular-oral synkinesis after facial paralysis in select patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]