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The water supply of water resources allocation under extreme drought is insufficient, and the limited available water resources make it urgent to tap the potential of water supply. In this paper, the Yellow River water supply area in Henan Province is taken as an example to study the multi-water source allocation under extreme drought. According to the Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI), the extreme drought years are selected, and the water supply and demand balance in the extreme drought years is analyzed, and the water shortage degree of each water supply area is obtained. In this paper, unconventional water, flood resource utilization and elastic exploitation of groundwater are used as potential water sources. Different water supply scenarios are set up according to different potential tapping measures, and multi-scenario supply increase under extreme drought is explored. A multi-water source allocation model with the goal of minimizing water shortage is constructed, and a multi-scenario supply increase allocation scheme is proposed, which provides a basis for the study of water supply increase allocation to alleviate the drought degree of the the Yellow River Water Supply Area in Henan. Through the Multi-scenario potential tapping of multiple water sources, the existing potential water volume can be maximized, which is conducive to reducing the water supply pressure and water use restrictions of conventional water sources, improving the support capacity and guarantee capacity of water resources, and reducing the economic and social development bottlenecks caused by extreme drought. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Yangtze River to Huai River Diversion Project spans two major river basins, the Yangtze River and the Huai River. It is a major cross basin water transfer project that alleviates local water resource shortages, improves project benefits, and supplies water to the Henan section. In the case of unknown water supply and demand sides in the Yangtze River to Huaihe River Diversion Project, the water volume at the head of the channel is reversely optimized by using the regulation and storage capacity of Caizi Lake, Chaohu Lake, and Wabu Lake, and the water intake process at the diversion outlet is forward optimized. A simulation model and a bidirectional optimization model are layered and coupled, and a medium and long-term water volume scheduling model for the Yangtze River to Huaihe River Diversion Project is constructed based on the principle of water balance. A typical annual scheduling scenario set is constructed based on the water inflow situation and water demand. Based on the water inflow forecast results of various lakes in different level years, the water demand process at the entrance and engineering constraints, a differential evolution algorithm with adaptive parameter correction mechanism and a stepwise optimization algorithm are used to solve the problem, in order to formulate the annual water volume scheduling plan for the Yangtze River to Huaihe River Diversion Project. This paper takes the 2030 planning level year of abundant water as an example to compare and analyze the layered coupling water scheduling model and the conventional optimization scheduling model. Due to the layered coupling water scheduling model optimizing the lake regulation and storage process and constraining the lake water level, the model has better effects in terms of river diversion water volume, water shortage in water receiving areas, and lake utilization. The results show that on the basis of meeting the water use plan of the diversion gate, the model reduces the lake' s abandoned water volume, and the deviation value of the lake' s end water level is small. The daily water level variation is guaranteed to be within 0.1 m, and the lake is in a high water level operation state. The annual water volume scheduling plan obtained from this model can effectively utilize local water resources, improve water resource utilization efficiency, and provide technical support for the operation scheduling and scheduling plan preparation of the Yangtze River Diversion to Huaihe River Project . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Green and high-efficiency water resource utilization patterns hold paramount importance in promoting sustainable economic and social development, as well as in attaining the goal of carbon neutrality. Most research on water utilization efficiency have taken a general perspective to quantify it, neglecting independent relationships and green effects among water use sectors. This study proposed an integrated measurement model of green water resource utilization efficiency (GWRUE), combined with the carbon dioxide emission equivalent analysis method of water resource behaviors, and constructed an input–output indicator system of GWRUE from four dimensions: domestic, industrial, agricultural, and ecological water. The aim is to achieve the measurement of GWRUE towards carbon neutrality. In this paper, 18 cities in Henan Province were used as instances to carry out the study. The results show that (1) The CO2 emission equivalent from multiple water use sectors in Henan Province showed a tendency of fluctuating reduction during the study period, from a peak of 21,090,100 tons in 2012 to a low of 12,351,900 tons in 2021, with large spatial variations, and the CO2 emission effect existed in most cities, with Zhengzhou being the highest. (2) The GWRUE of domestic, industrial, and agricultural water in Henan Province and 18 cities exhibited an overall upward trend, while that of ecological water presented a downward trend and was at the lowest level among the four sectors. (3) Consolidated GWRUE in Henan Province tended to decrease and then increase; its value was 0.512 in 2011, 0.448 in 2017, and 0.586 in 2021, and most of its cities were at a Medium level. The findings of this study can serve as a theoretical and practical basis for improving the level of green and efficient utilization of water resources, as well as offer references for relevant water use sectors to formulate CO2 emission reduction policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of China Rural Water & Hydropower is the property of China Rural Water & Hydropower Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Unbalanced and inadequate development has led to challenges such as resource shortage, ecological fragility, and economic backwardness in the water-receiving area of Henan Province, which has hindered the high-quality development of the region. This research aims to construct a high-quality development regulation model. The single-indicator quantification–multi-indicator synthesis–multicriteria integration (SMI-P) method was used to evaluate the level of regional development; using the method of embedded system dynamics, the regulation model was constructed and applied. The results show that (1) from 2011 to 2020, the degree of regional high-quality development showed an increasing trend, rising from a low level (0.34) to a medium level (0.57), an increase of one level, but the level of high-quality development still has a lot of room for improvement and faces great challenges; (2) the development of a resource–ecology–economy–social system was in a state of non-harmonious balance, and the proportion of contributions of each system was very different, but the system was developing towards a state of harmony and balance; (3) based on the constructed high-quality development regulation model, the key constraints affecting the high-quality development of the Yellow River water supply area in Henan Province are per capita water consumption, per capita energy consumption, carbon emissions per capita, GDP per capita, etc. The model constructed in this paper can improve the quality development level through the application of examples. The high-quality development degree of the study area was increased from 0.57 to 0.8. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The water resource carrying capacity (WRCC) is a carrying capacity of natural resources. It affects the application and expansion of the carrying capacity of water resources. This subject involves various elements, such as water resources, the ecological environment system, humans and their economic and social systems, and a wider range of biological groups and their survival needs. Based on the objective recognition of the complex relationship between the water resource system, ecological environment system, and economic and social system, the support scale of water resources and the ecological environment for economic and social development is studied. Current research on the carrying capacity of water resources has mostly shifted from the previously limited support capacity of water resources to include factors such as the population, economy, and ecology, establishing the internal relationships between the economics, water resources, and ecological environment. This reflects the comprehensive carrying capacity of the entire region (or river basin) of water resources and the ecological environment system on an overall economic and social scale. Based on the conceptual connotation of the WRCC and the actual problems facing water resources in Henan Province, the paper uses a system dynamics method to develop information feedback between the four subsystems of Henan Province: economic, population, water resource, and water environment subsystems. The index system of the WRCC in Henan Province is also determined. The weight of each index is comprehensively determined by a combination weighting method of the analytic hierarchy process and an entropy weight method, and then a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is used to evaluate the WRCC of Henan Province under four different development models. The validation period of the model is 2010–2020, and the forecast period is 2021–2030. The results indicate that during the period 2021–2030, the WRCC of Henan Province showed a slight upward trend overall under the four models, but the increase rates were different under the different models. Among the four models, the comprehensive model's benefit was the best, which not only maintained the healthy and stable development of the economy and society but also improved the pressure on the water resources and the quality of the water environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The combined weight method (CWM) for comprehensive water resources carrying capacity evaluation is proposed in this paper to evaluate the regional water resources carrying capacity. Firstly, the accelerating genetic algorithm based on analytic hierarchy process (AGA-AHP) method is improved to optimize the expert evaluation matrix and determine the subjective weight, in which entropy weight method is used to determine objective weight, and the combined weight formula is put forward to get the combined weight of evaluation index. Secondly, the certainty degree is calculated by using the multi-dimensional normal cloud model. The obstacle factors of evaluation index are diagnosed. Finally, taking Henan Province as an example, the regional water resources carrying capacity is evaluated by using CWM method. The comparison between single cloud model, AHP-TOPSIS and CWM is made. It is proved that CWM method takes the fuzziness and randomness into account in the evaluation process, and the efficient and intuitive results can be obtained through evaluation. The obstacle degree and the time changing pattern of the index can be clearly diagnosed, which can provide a new idea for the evaluation method of water resources carrying capacity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study of the temporal and spatial evolution of precipitation is of great importance for the efficient use of water resources. This paper examines the long series of precipitation in Henan province from 1959-2018. Innovative Trend Analysis (ITA) method and Mann-Kendall (MK) test were used to analyze the characteristics of precipitation trend changes. Mann-Kendall (MK) mutation test and the sliding T method were used to study the jump features of precipitation. Wavelet analysis of the cyclical characteristics of precipitation. The results show that the spatial distribution of precipitation in Henan Province is uneven, with a gradual increase from north to south. The precipitation of northern, central and southern regions showed a downward trend, while that of western regions showed an upward trend. Both the northern and southern regions experienced jump features in precipitation around 1975 and 2008, while the western region experienced jump features around 1962 and 1980, and the central region experienced jump features around 1980; There are 3.5 different scales of “abundance and depletion” in the northern, western and southern regions, with a first principal cycle of 28a, and 5.5 different scales of “abundance and depletion” in the central region, with a first principal cycle of 17a. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A clear understanding of the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of water resources is essential for the optimal allocation and sustainable utilization of water resources. In this paper, the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of water resources in Henan Province were studied based on GIS, combining the Mann-Kendall (M-K) nonparametric test and rescaled range (R/S) analysis. In addition, SPSS software was used to analyze the influence of climate and land use type on water resources. The results indicated that (1) the hot spots of water resources were concentrated in the southwest, while the low values were concentrated in the northeast, and the distribution of water resources decreased from southwest to northeast. (2) In the past 21 years, spatiotemporal mutations in the water resource sequence occurred between 2010 and 2014. The Z-values of the M-K trend test were all less than 0, the H-values of groundwater resources (GWRs) were mostly greater than 0.5, and the h-values of surface water resources (SWRs) and total water resources (TWRs) were less than 0.5, showing an overall declining trend. However, this trend may change in the future. (3) From the correlation analysis, climate change had a greater impact on water resources than land use changes did. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rapid development of global economy and society, water shortage has become a crucial limitation to the growth of many cities. The agricultural water resources carrying capacity (AWRCC) is a key indicator to judge the sustainable development of agriculture. It is necessary to quantificationally evaluate AWRCC to ensure safety of regional economic development and human being's living demand. To reasonably quantify AWRCC, this paper constructs an agricultural water resources evaluation system. CRITIC (CRiteria Importance Through Intercriteria Correlation) is introduced, and its combination with analytic hierarchy process (AHP) solves the subjectivity and randomness of weight determination. Based on the definition of AWRCC and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation (FCE), we construct support index (CCS), pressure index (CCP) and carrying capacity index (CCI) to describe the spatio-temporal variation of AWRCC in Henan Province. Applying sensitivity and correlation analyses into the AWRCC evaluation demonstrates practicality and rationality of results. It eventually provides corresponding suggestions to each city group with diverse carrying capacities. Main conclusions are as follow: (1) The per capita water consumption and agricultural water utilization rate in Henan trended to decrease yearly. The irrigation rate of cropland and the proportion of water-saving irrigation of cropland increased to a varying extent. Water resources utilization rate, cropland irrigation rate, proportion of water-saving irrigation in cropland, grain yield per unit cropland, and wetland proportion were relatively sensitive indicators and they were higher correlated with AWRCC. (2) During 2010–2020, although the agricultural water resources have been overloaded in Henan, AWRCC exhibited a slight enhancement on the temporal scale. On spatial scale, the central region had a stronger AWRCC than the surrounding cities, while the southwest region was relatively weaker, and the AWRCC of the eastern region continued to enhance. (3) According to the tertiary characteristics and spatio-temporal variation of AWRCC, cities of Henan can be roughly divided into four groups and some proposals were proposed individually to enhance the carrying capacity. The conclusion of this paper is helpful to understand the current situation of agricultural water resources in Henan and can provide a reference for the sustainable development of AWRCC. [Display omitted] • CRITIC combined with AHP solves the subjectivity of weight determination. • Spatio-temporal variation characteristics of AWRCC in Henan were analyzed. • Sensitivity and correlation analysis are used to detect AWRCC sensitive indicators. • Proposals were suggested respectively for cities with diverse AWRCC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a developing country with insufficient water resources, China's water environment management and performance evaluation have important research value. The three provinces (Henan, Hubei, and Hunan) in central China with typical significance in geographical location and water resources governance were selected as research objects in this paper. Based on the principal component analysis (PCA) method and the pressure-state-response (PSR) model, a comprehensive evaluation system for the water environment in those three provinces during 2011–2017 was established in this paper. The evaluation results show that: (1) The water environment management and performance evaluation of the three provinces in central China were generally poor in 2011–2012, but the overall trend was rising; (2) in 2013–2014, the situation was improved compared to the previous two years, but needed further enhancement; (3) in 2015–2017, the water environment management and performance of the three provinces showed significant improvement. Among them, the Hubei Province had the highest water environment evaluation value (1.692), and the Henan Province had the most significant progress (from 0.043 to 1.671). The contributions of this paper are: (1) The comprehensive evaluation model based on PCA and the PSR model was constructed to analyze the sustainable development of water environment in central China; (2) the performance evaluation system for water environment management, which could comprehensively evaluate the performance of water environment treatment and effectively reveal the correlation between various indicators, was established. The principal factors in water environment management can be obtained by this evaluation system. Based on the analysis of the reasons underlying the above changes, the corresponding policy recommendations for improving water environment management and performance in central China were suggested in order to provide a reference for further improvement of water environment management in developing countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Groundwater is an essential resource that meets all of humanity's daily water demands, supports industrial development, influences agricultural output, and maintains ecological equilibrium. The objective behind this research is to find groundwater prospective zones and their sustainable development in Henan Province, located in the North China Plain, with the help of analytical hierarchical process (AHP) and frequency ratio (FR) models. Consequently, a groundwater inventory map was created, utilizing 70% of the data for training and 30% for testing purposes. The resulting maps were overlaid with groundwater levels and the locations of wells within the study area. The performance and validation of the models were assessed using the Area Under Curve (AUC) curve, which indicated an accuracy of 70% for the AHP model and 69% for the FR model. The study indicates that areas with suitable gradients and rainfall patterns generally have high groundwater prospective zonation (GWPZ), i.e., Zhumadian and Nanyang (ZN). However, AHP demonstrated a higher predictive capability in comparison to FR the broader context. Whereas GIS-RS methodology aligns with existing wells and field data that validate it in range of good and excellent. In conclusion, this study provides valuable insights for effective groundwater exploration and sustainable water supply planning in Henan Province. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the continuous growth in the global population, rapid socioeconomic development, and the impacts of factors like climate change, we are facing increasingly severe challenges regarding water scarcity. The scientific and rational allocation of water resources has become a key factor in ensuring sustainable development. The Henan Yellow River water supply zone occupies a crucial position in the socioeconomic development of Henan Province. Currently, there is a shortage of water resources with relatively low utilization rates. To alleviate the contradiction between water supply and demand, a study on the optimization of water resources (with p = 90%) for the years 2025 and 2030 was conducted. In this study, we constructed a multi-objective optimization model with the objectives of maximizing economic benefits, minimizing total water shortage, and maximizing water use efficiency. The second-generation non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) was utilized to solve this model. The results indicate that by 2025, the optimized allocation of water resources will correspond to 17.663 billion m3, reducing the average water shortage rate in the research area to 9.69%. By 2030, the optimized allocation of water resources will further increase to 18.363 billion m3, bringing down the average water shortage rate to 8.34%. Concurrently, the supply structure of the research area will significantly improve after optimization. This is manifested through an increase in the proportion of surface water supply and a substantial rise in the proportion of supply from other water sources, while the proportion of groundwater supply noticeably decreases. These research findings can serve as a reference for the rational utilization and distribution of water resources in the future and can also offer insights for optimizing water resource allocation in other regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• 1. The lag degree of hydrological drought is studied by changing the time scale. • 2. Multi-scale standardized indicators can explore the strongest correlation. • 3. According to the synchronization, relevance, correlation to calculate the results. • 4.The scale time with the strongest correlation is the propagation time. To study the propagation law of meteorological droughts to hydrological droughts under variable time scales, and to reveal the synchronisation gap and lag time of hydrological droughts compared to meteorological droughts, and the lag degree of hydrological drought is quantitatively studied. In this paper, the Yellow River Water Supply Area in Henan is taken as the research area, and the propagation time of meteorological drought to hydrological drought under variable time scale is mainly studied. The calculation of drought propagation time is set as two states: interval scale and continuous scale. The Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) sequence and Standardized Runoff Index (SRI) sequence (1)with interval and continuous scales were obtained by multi-scale standardization of precipitation and runoff, which were used to characterize meteorological drought and hydrological drought respectively. The Mann-Kendall (M−K) test method was used to analyze the evolution of SPI sequence and SRI sequence at monthly scale, and to study the lag time of hydrological drought in four seasons compared with meteorological drought. Combining the Grey Correlation Method and Pearson correlation coefficient methods, the time interval for the propagation of meteorological droughts to hydrological droughts was determined based on the strongest correlation of different combinations of sequences. Finally, the propagation time series is divided into sliding windows to analyse the M−K dynamic trend of propagation time from a seasonal scale perspective. It provides a strong basis for the study of drought propagation based on multi-scale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A Water-economy-ecology concept framework is established. • An evaluation index system of 3 aspects including 15 indicators is constructed. • EFAST-Cloud model is innovatively proposed and applied in regional WRCC evaluation. • The WRCC of Henan Province is evaluated at the watershed scale and municipal scale. Water is the basic need for human survival and the development of economy and ecology. Water resources carrying capacity (WRCC) modelling is a fundamental task to explore the interaction mechanism between economy-ecology development and water resources carrying system. To reasonably quantify the regional WRCC, an evaluation method based on Water-economy-ecology (WEE) concept framework and EFAST-Cloud model is proposed in this study, and Henan Province of China is selected as a typical study area. It can both identify the inter-feeding relationships between sub-systems and evaluate the proportion of each grade in detail by reflecting the randomness and fuzziness of the evaluation. A total of 15 indicators including water system, economy system, and ecology system are constructed. The study analyzes the sensitivity of indicators by using Simlab software and then calculates the weight of indicators by using EFAST method. Compared with other traditional methods, EFAST algorithm is a special method for model sensitivity analysis, which can fully consider the coupling effect between indicators. According to the statistical data of 2010, 2015, and 2020, the WRCC at the watershed scale and municipal scale in Henan Province are evaluated through the EFAST-Cloud model. At the watershed scale, the ecology system criterion layer performs best over the multiple years, the Huaihe and Yangtze River basin have better WRCC at the target layer. At the municipal scale, Xuchang, Luohe, and Zhumadian have better WRCC, Puyang, Zhoukou, and Jiaozuo are slightly worse. The results show that WRCC of the study area has shown an overall improvement, but there is still much space for its development. Therefore, targeted recommendations are made for the water, economy, and ecology system respectively. The conclusion of this paper can provide a reference for the government in making water resources management policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study was carried out in order to clarify the effects of different water and irrigation conditions on crop models and remote sensing assimilation results. It involved taking winter wheat from 17 test sites in Henan Province as the research object and calibrating the World Food Studies model. The ensemble Kalman filter algorithm was used to calibrate the two modes and Moderate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer-Leaf Area Index of the calibrated world food studies model. The study found that the average error of the world food studies model for simulating flowering and maturity periods is within 2 days, the R² of the leaf area index calibration results is between 0.87-0.98, and the R² and root mean square error of the verification results are 0.77 and 1.06 respectively. Under the latent model, the R² of the world food studies model taking account of the water supply situation and the assimilation results without taking account of the water supply situation are 0.50 and 0.48, respectively. In the water restriction mode, the R² increased from 0.79 to 0.86 compared with the assimilation results where the water supply was not considered. The results show that: depending on the water supply of different regions, selecting the corresponding assimilation parameters can effectively improve the prediction accuracy of crop models and remote sensing assimilation for wheat yields under different water and irrigation conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Jiaozuo has rich groundwater resources and water''s quality is good. Due to unreasonable use and the serious pollution, cause the limited water resources to consume at an astonishing speed. This paper analysis to the water environment of this city from the aspects, such as the exploitation condition and the contradiction between supply and demand of the natural water etc, finally proposes the solution measures of worsening water resources in this area, hope for providing some helps to enhance the consciousness of environmental protection and construction of harmonious society. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Regional water resources coordination (RWRC) plays a prominent role in long-term sustainability. In order to achieve harmonious utilization of regional water resources, it is suggested that local governments should focus on balancing three goals - security, equity, and efficiency, resulting in both ecological and socio-economic benefits in a region. Therefore, this paper aims to develop a comprehensive evaluation methodology for assessing the degree of RWRC. First, a security-equity-efficiency (SEE) evaluation indicator system is established. A novel multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) approach that integrates decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) method and VlseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje (in Serbian, known as VIKOR) method considering two different hesitant fuzzy linguistic term sets (HFLTSs) is then proposed. With this approach, a final ranking is obtained for six alternatives for the RWRC of the relevant regions (i.e., Shandong Province, Henan Province, Hebei Province, Anhui Province, Tian City, Jiangsu Province) in North China Plain, and the six relevant regions receive coordination performance ranking of II, III, V, I, VI, IV. Moreover, comparison analysis and sensitivity analysis are conducted to verify the effectiveness and reliability of the proposed method and dig deep into the RWRC conditions in the studied regions. Finally, some managerial suggestions are provided for strengthening the coordination levels in these regions. • A SEE indicator system is established for RWRC evaluation. • A hybrid MCDM method integrating different HFLTSs is proposed. • A maximum consensus and minimum hesitant degree model of HFLTSs is constructed. • Interval HFLTSs are introduced into DEMATEL method for indicators' weights. • A case study is presented to verify the effectiveness of the evaluation method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The conflict of the human-water relationships (HWR) has further increased the water-related risks, such as water environment deterioration, water shortages, and even regional violent conflicts for obtaining usable water resources. Knowing how to evaluate and regulate the discordant HWR to form a balanced growth between sustainable socio-economy and water resources protection has become a critical issue in water resources management. The harmony theory method, which provides a new perspective for solving the conflict between humans and water, has been widely used in current studies. However, this method focuses less on the quantitative study of the balance status of HWR. This study proposes a harmony theory-based HWR evaluation method that contains a systematic process of harmony assessment, indicator identification, harmony balance constraints, and harmony regulation for assessing and regulating the discordant HWR. The Henan Province of China, which has a complicated HWR, was selected as a case study to apply and verify the approach proposed in this study. The results indicated that (1) Henan Province showed a poor harmony status. The human–water harmony degree of 18 distinctions in the province varied from 0.41 to 0.76, showing an increasing trend from 2006 to 2018, indicating that the HWR was gradually improving in recent years. (2) The human–water harmony degree showed that HWR in the southwest part of Henan Province, with less human activities, was better than that in its northeast part, which had faster social development. Sanmenxia City, located in the west part of the province, had the highest human–water harmony degree because of the recent water control projects implemented in the city, indicating that human production measures could effectively help improve HWR. (3) At present, Henan Province has serious discordant indicators in these three aspects (water system health, humanistic system development, and human-water system coordination), which proves that it is still facing pressure from both socio-economy sustainable development and water resources protection. Our results provide insight into water resources management in Henan Province and other similar regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Discrepancies between water demand and supply are intensifying and creating a need for sustainable water resource process management associated with rapid economic development, population growth, and urban expansion. In this study, a scenario-based interval fuzzy-credibility constrained programming (SIFCP) method is developed for planning a water resource management system (WRMS) that can handle uncertain information by using interval values, fuzzy sets, and scenario analysis. The SIFCP-WRMS model is then applied to plan the middle route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project (SNWDP) in Henan Province, China. Solutions of different water distribution proportion scenarios and varied credibility levels are considered. Results reveal that different water-distribution proportion scenarios and uncertainties used in the SIFCP-WRMS model can lead to changed water allocations, sewage discharges, chemical oxygen demand (COD) emissions, and system benefits. Results also indicate that the variation of scenarios (i.e., from S2 to S3) can result in a change of 9% over the planning horizon for water allocation in the industrial sector. Findings can help decision-makers resolve conflicts among economic objective, water resource demand, and sewage discharge, as well as COD emissions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]