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511 results on '"McKay, Gordon"'

36. Estimation of Poultry Litter and its Biochar Production Potential through Pyrolysis in Qatar.

Author

Parthasarathy, Prakash, Alherbawi, Mohammad, Pradhan, Snigdhendubala, Al-Ansari, Tareq, and McKay, Gordon

Subjects
POULTRY litter, PYROLYSIS, BIOCHAR, WASTE treatment
Abstract

One of the primary sources of waste in Qatar is animal waste, which includes poultry litter. Annually, Qatar produces approximately 0.83 x 106 t of poultry litter. Consequently, there is a need for a more sustainable waste treatment approach to handle it. Hence, this study's principal objective is to investigate the suitability of poultry litter as a feedstock for pyrolysis, with a specific emphasis on its potential for biochar generation. The physicochemical evaluations of poultry litter were performed. The potential for biochar formation from poultry litter was assessed using empirical equations at two different pyrolysis temperatures, namely 250 °C and 500 °C. Additionally, an economic analysis was conducted in order to ascertain the potential revenue generated by biochar derived from poultry litter. The composition of poultry litter, characterised by a moderate volatile content of 60 % and a fixed carbon content of 16 %, along with a moderate higher heating value (HHV) of 16 MJ/kg, indicates its potential suitability as a highly suitable feedstock material for biochar generation through pyrolysis. According to the findings of the technical analysis, biochar yields of up to 50 % and 31 % can potentially be achieved at 250 °C and 500 °C, respectively. Moreover, the findings of the study indicate that Qatar has the capacity to generate up to 0.35 x 106 t of biochar annually from its poultry litter. Additionally, the economic analysis suggests that the country can generate annual revenue of about 69 x 106 USD from the selling of biochar. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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49. Particle size impact on pyrolysis of multi-biomass: a solid-state reaction modeling study

Author

Mariyam, Sabah, Al-Ansari, Tareq, and McKay, Gordon

Subjects
Fuel Technology, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Energy Engineering and Power Technology
Abstract

Pyrolysis has gained significant attention due to its generation of value-added products from waste feeds in an environmentally friendly manner. The primary purpose of this study is to understand the effect of different particle sizes of biomass wastes – date stones (DS), cow manure (CM), and spent coffee grounds (SCG) – to understand better and design a biomass pyrolysis system. Thermogravimetric analysis of four different sizes of DS, SCG, and CM (range 1 mm to 125 μm) and a mixed sample (for each feed) was conducted at a heating rate of 10K/min from room temperature to 1173.15 K at inert conditions and employed model-based Coats–Redfern equations to understand the kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of the pyrolysis process. All the particle sizes except 355–125 μm for DS and SCG have the best-fit reaction mechanism of Ginstling-Brounshtein (D4). Both activation energy and pre-exponential factor decreased from 18.78 to 5.57 kJ/mol and 1.16 E+10 to 1.48 E+08 with reducing particle sizes. The onset degradation temperature, activation energy, change in enthalpy, and entropy decrease with particle sizes. The product formation is favored for all feeds and particle sizes, as the difference between the enthalpy and activation energies (Ea) is below 10 kJ/mol. As a result of their substantially lower activation energies and better reaction thermodynamics, mixed and smaller particle-sized biomass are favored.

Published
2023

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