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As an emerging research topic, online class imbalance learning often combines the challenges of both class imbalance and concept drift. It deals with data streams having very skewed class distributions, where concept drift may occur. It has recently received increased research attention; however, very little work addresses the combined problem where both class imbalance and concept drift coexist. As the first systematic study of handling concept drift in class-imbalanced data streams, this paper first provides a comprehensive review of current research progress in this field, including current research focuses and open challenges. Then, an in-depth experimental study is performed, with the goal of understanding how to best overcome concept drift in online learning with class imbalance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the Songtsam Shangri-La Lodge built by Baima Dorji in China where he converted his home into a boutique travel lodge. Topics mentioned include the opening of the hotel in 2001 with six lodges in the Diqing Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Yunnan, the aim to introduce Tibetan culture and make the hotels a spiritual haven, and the creating of a place where people can escape from the busy life in the cities.

In this article, the underwater target tracking control problem of a biomimetic underwater vehicle (BUV) is addressed. Since it is difficult to build an effective mathematic model of a BUV due to the uncertainty of hydrodynamics, target tracking control is converted into the Markov decision process and is further achieved via deep reinforcement learning. The system state and reward function of underwater target tracking control are described. Based on the actor–critic reinforcement learning framework, the deep deterministic policy gradient actor–critic algorithm with supervision controller is proposed. The training tricks, including prioritized experience replay, actor network indirect supervision training, target network updating with different periods, and expansion of exploration space by applying random noise, are presented. Indirect supervision training is designed to address the issues of low stability and slow convergence of reinforcement learning in the continuous state and action space. Comparative simulations are performed to show the effectiveness of the training tricks. Finally, the proposed actor–critic reinforcement learning algorithm with supervision controller is applied to the physical BUV. Swimming pool experiments of underwater object tracking of the BUV are conducted in multiple scenarios to verify the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article deals with the challenges of wetlands protection in China. Chen Kelin, director of Wetlands International, has raised a concern on the change in focus in the No. 1 Document of 2011 to water conservancy infrastructure construction. Threats to wetlands that are discussed include the growing population, rapid economic development, and over reclamation and cultivation of wastelands. Indications of the Chinese government's increased emphasis on the restoration of wetlands' ecological functions are identified.

Few-shot learning, aiming to learn novel concepts from one or a few labeled examples, is an interesting and very challenging problem with many practical advantages. Existing few-shot methods usually utilize data of the same classes to train the feature embedding module and in a row, which is unable to learn adapting to new tasks. Besides, traditional few-shot models fail to take advantage of the valuable relations of the support-query pairs, leading to performance degradation. In this article, we propose a transductive relation-propagation graph neural network (GNN) with a decoupling training strategy (TRPN-D) to explicitly model and propagate such relations across support-query pairs, and empower the few-shot module the ability of transferring past knowledge to new tasks via the decoupling training. Our few-shot module, namely TRPN, treats the relation of each support-query pair as a graph node, named relational node, and resorts to the known relations between support samples, including both intraclass commonality and interclass uniqueness. Through relation propagation, the model could generate the discriminative relation embeddings for support-query pairs. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work that decouples the training of the embedding network and the few-shot graph module with different tasks, which might offer a new way to solve the few-shot learning problem. Extensive experiments conducted on several benchmark datasets demonstrate that our method can significantly outperform a variety of state-of-the-art few-shot learning methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Infrared and visible image fusion methods aim to combine salient target instances and abundant texture details into fused images. However, due to the interference of harsh conditions, such as dense smoke, fog, and intense light, it is feasible for external interference information to be integrated into the fused image, which seriously affects the image quality. To this end, we propose an infrared and visible image fusion network with visual perception and cross-scale attention modules, termed VCAFusion, which integrates critical information from source images in harsh conditions more efficiently. Specifically, considering that the human eye can identify key information under adverse conditions, we design a visual perception module (VPM), guiding information integration from the perspective of human visual perception. In addition, we propose a cross-scale attention module (CSAM) based on shifted window cross-attention, which aims to capture the long-distance correlation between adjacent scale features, providing more accurate image information for image restoration. Experiments with a variety of datasets reveal that the VCAFusion can adaptively retain image information and further improve image generation ability in harsh conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Low-rank Multiview Subspace Learning (LMvSL) has shown great potential in cross-view classification in recent years. Despite their empirical success, existing LMvSL-based methods are incapable of handling well view discrepancy and discriminancy simultaneously, which, thus, leads to performance degradation when there is a large discrepancy among multiview data. To circumvent this drawback, motivated by the block-diagonal representation learning, we propose structured low-rank matrix recovery (SLMR), a unique method of effectively removing view discrepancy and improving discriminancy through the recovery of the structured low-rank matrix. Furthermore, recent low-rank modeling provides a satisfactory solution to address the data contaminated by the predefined assumptions of noise distribution, such as Gaussian or Laplacian distribution. However, these models are not practical, since complicated noise in practice may violate those assumptions and the distribution is generally unknown in advance. To alleviate such a limitation, modal regression is elegantly incorporated into the framework of SLMR (termed MR-SLMR). Different from previous LMvSL-based methods, our MR-SLMR can handle any zero-mode noise variable that contains a wide range of noise, such as Gaussian noise, random noise, and outliers. The alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) framework and half-quadratic theory are used to optimize efficiently MR-SLMR. Experimental results on four public databases demonstrate the superiority of MR-SLMR and its robustness to complicated noise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Capacitated Arc Routing Problem (CARP) has drawn much attention during the last few years. In addition to the goal of minimizing the total cost of all the routes, many real-world applications of CARP also need to balance these routes. The Multi-objective CARP (MO-CARP) commonly exists in practical applications. In order to solve MO-CARP efficiently and accurately, this paper presents a Multi-population Cooperative Coevolutionary Algorithm (MPCCA) for MO-CARP. Firstly, MPCCA applies the divide-and-conquer method to decompose the whole population into multiple subpopulations according to their different direction vectors. These subpopulations evolve separately in each generation and the adjacent subpopulations can share their individuals in the form of cooperative subpopulations. Secondly, multiple subpopulations are used to search different objective subregions simultaneously, so individuals in each subpopulation have a different fitness function, which can be modeled as a Single Objective CARP (SO-CARP). The advanced MAENS approach for single-objective CARP can be used to search each objective subregion. Thirdly, the internal elitism archive is used to construct evolutionary pool for each subregion, which greatly speeds up the convergence. Lastly, the fast nondominated ranking and crowding distance of NSGA-II are used for selecting the offspring and keeping the diversity. MPCCA is tested on 91 CARP benchmarks. The experimental results show that MPCCA obtains better generalization performance over the compared algorithms. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: This paper focuses on the modeling of undulation propulsion and a neural network (NN) yaw controller based on this model. First, because of the importance of the first link’s oscillation in yaw control, a motion model of free swimming was built based on the Lagrangian function, and the coupled dynamic and kinematic functions were calculated based on the relation between the generalized force and the fluid force. Second, a neural network was trained through the data generated from this model to obtain a predictive yaw controller that could control the orientation by the different offsets of each link. Finally, simulations were conducted to demonstrate the performance of the controller. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]