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Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to study the stability analysis and optical solitary wave solutions of a (2 + 1)-dimensional nonlinear Schrödinger equation, which are derived from a multicomponent plasma with nonextensive distribution. Design Methodology Approach: Based on the ansatz and sub-equation theories, the authors use a direct method to find stability analysis and optical solitary wave solutions of the (2 + 1)-dimensional equation. Findings: By considering the ansatz method, the authors successfully construct the bright and dark soliton solutions of the equation. The sub-equation method is also extended to find its complexitons solutions. Moreover, the explicit power series solution is also derived with its convergence analysis. Finally, the influences of each parameter on these solutions are discussed via graphical analysis. Originality Value: The dynamics of these solutions are analyzed to enrich the diversity of the dynamics of high-dimensional nonlinear Schrödinger equation type nonlinear wave fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]